研究生学位英语翻译总结(04年-13年6月)
近年汉译英试题
2004年1月
考研的人在英语上花的时间远远多于其它学科，希望英语分数越高越好。许多人坚信成功地秘诀是参加短训班和多背范文，结果却发现此招不灵。他们为提高英语水平做出的努力很难得到回报。
参考译文：
Those who take the entrance examination for graduate schools spend much (/far) more time on English than on other subjects, hoping for the highest possible scores of English. Many people are convinced that the secret to success is to attend training courses (/classes) and learn many sample writings by heart, only to find that doesn’t work. Their efforts to improving their English can’t pay off easily.
2004年6月
计算机被认为是有史以来对人类生活影响最大的发明。它的神奇之处在于其运算速度和准确性优于人类。计算机能在几秒钟内完成几十年前可能需要数天才能完成的事。这是人类第一次感到自己作为最高级物种的地位受到了挑战。
参考译文：
The computer is believed (/regarded /considered) to be the invention that has exerted the greatest influence on human lives in history. What is remarkable about it is that it can calculate with better speed and accuracy than man. The computer can finish in seconds what might have taken days decades ago. This is the first time that man has felt that his position (/status) as the highest species has been challenged.
2005年1月
人们越来越意识到开发环保型产品的重要性。为实现长期可持续发展，发达国家不惜代价减少温室气体的排放。如果目前全球变暖的速度保持不变，东京和伦敦等大城市从地球上消失的可能性将是20前的10倍。
参考译文：
People have become increasingly aware of the importance of developing environmentally friendly (pollution-free) products. For the sake of longstanding sustainable development, developed countries are to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases at any cost. If the current rate of global warming continues, big cities, such as Tokyo and London, are ten times more likely to disappear from the earth as twenty years ago.
2005年6月
人人都有追求幸福的权利，但对幸福的定义却因人而异。绝大多数人认为幸福来自于健康的身体、愿望的实现和事业有成。正如经常发生的那样，许多人在遇到痛苦时才意识到幸福的真正含义。
参考译文：
Everyone has the right to pursue happiness (to the pursuit of happiness), yet (/but) definitions of happiness vary from person to person (are quite individualistic). Most people agree that happiness stems from good health, fulfillment of a desire and a successful career. As often happiness (is often the case), many people don’t recognize (realize) what happiness really means (the real meaning of happiness) until they are distressed (agonized / in agony).
2005年12月
没有盼头的日子是苍白而且不可想象的。人，得天天有点什么盼头，生活才不至于黯淡。有了盼头，会觉得太阳每天都是新的。土地去掉水分，就成了沙漠；人没了盼，还剩什么？小盼头支撑人的一天，大盼头支撑人的一生。
参考译文：
A day without hope would be unimaginably pale (/dull). There must be something to look forward to each day to keep it out of shadows. To a person cherishing hopes every morning rises a new sun. Deprived of water, soil
turns into desert. Deprived of hope, what is left to a man? A small hope sustains you for a day, a great one for a lifetime.
2006年6月
2007年1月
该法案旨在对美国中小学进行教育改革，并使所有儿童有机会得到高质量的教育。最终目标是确保无一人落后。由于此法案的实施，学校有更多的灵活性把资源用于最急需的地方。父母更多地参与孩子的教育。
参考译文：
This act is intended (designed / aims) to introduce education reform in America’s elementary and secondary schools and give all children the access to high-quality education. The ultimate goal is to ensure that no one is left behind. As a result of the implementation of this act, schools enjoy more flexibility to use resources where they are needed most. Parents can get more involved in the child’s education.
2007年6月
中国可持续发展所依赖的有限的自然资源正在锐减。一方面是生产规模在不断扩大，消耗更多的能源；另一方面是缺少能高效利用能源的生产设备。这迫使我们思考如何为后人留下足够的环境空间以使他们实现的愿望。
参考译文：
The limited natural resources on which China’s sustainable development depends (relies) are declining sharply. On the one hand, the expanding scale of production leads to (results in) increased consumption of energy. (the scale of production keeps expanding, consuming more energy.) On the other hand, production facilities (equipment) that can utilize energy efficiently are lacking. That (This) forces us to think about how to leave enough environmental space to future generations (our offspring) so that they can fulfill their aspirations.
2008年1月
根据最新统计， 67%的美国人能上网，该比例是中国的6倍。尽管互联网作用巨大，但许多问题远远没有解决，如：病毒侵入和信息安全。即使这些问题最终有可能得到解决，也需要艰辛的努力和多年时间。
参考译文：
According to the latest statistics, 67 percent of the U.S. population have access to the Internet, a percentage six times that of China (as large as China’s). Despite the influential (huge) role of the Internet, many problems (issues) are far from settled (solved), such as the invasion (attack) of viruses and information security. Even if it is possible to find final (eventual) solutions, it will take painstaking efforts and many years.
2008年6月
中国一直有重视教育的传统，尤其是儿童的教育。许多家长让孩子参加各种培训班，以增加被理想中学录取的可能性。但专家们指出，保持儿童对科学的好奇和兴趣有助于其智力发展。一个没有创造力和想象力的儿童很难有所作为。
参考译文：
Traditionally, the Chinese people have attached importance to education, especially the education of children. Many parents have their children attend various training courses to increase their chance of being admitted by the ideal / expected high schools. Experts, however, point out that keeping children curious about and interested in science will facilitate their intellectual development. A child without any creativity and imagination can hardly go very far.
2009年1月
中国学生在英语上花的时间比其他学科多得多，原因是英语需要泛读、机械记忆和经常复习。老师让学生做大量涉及多项选择的练习，结果忽视了培养主动使用英语的能力。这种应试教育方式有利也有弊。
参考译文：
Students in China spend much more time on English than on other courses (/subjects), for it requires (demands /calls for) extensive reading, mechanical memorization and regular revision. Teachers have students do a lot of exercises involving ( / that involve) multiple choices, only to neglect (ignore) the cultivation (development) of the ability to use English actively. There are both advantages and disadvantages to this test-oriented teaching approach. (This test-oriented teaching approach has both advantages and disadvantages.)
2009年6月
在中国，拿硕士学位通常需要三年时间。第一年积累足够的学分后，学生接着在后两年完成毕业论文。论文要有一定学术价值，还要反映学生的科研能力。人们越来越重视学术诚信，这将有助于提高科学界的道德标准。
参考译文：
In China, it usually takes three years to get a master’s degree. After accumulating (/having accumulated) enough credits in the first year, students will proceed (/go on) to complete (/finish) a thesis in the last two years. Not only does this thesis have to be of some academic value, but reflect (/embody/demonstrate) the student’s ability in (/ to do) scientific research. The increasing weight (/emphasis) placed on academic integrity (/honesty/credibility) will contribute to higher moral standards in the scientific community (/field).
2010年1月
生产相同数量的电，中国消耗的能源是世界平均水平的4倍。从本世纪初开始，增产节能已成为中国政府最关注的事情之一。任何一个国家，不论是中国还是美国，只有为子孙的利益着想才有可能实现可持续发展。
参考译文：
To produce (/generate) the same amount of electricity, China consumes four times as much energy as the world average (/the consumption of energy in China is four times the world average / China consumes three times more energy than the world average). Since the outset (/ turn / beginning) of this century, increasing productivity while conserving energy has been one of the utmost (/biggest) concerns of the Chinese government. No country, be it (/whether it be) China or the United States, can achieve
sustainable development without taking into consideration (/account) the interest of future generations (/the offspring) (/unless the interest of the offspring is taken into consideration.
2010年6月
电信的高速发展使手机成为中学生的宠儿。尽管手机有很多功能，但会对青少年学习成绩产生一些负面影响，如考试作弊、课堂不注意听讲。此外，经常使用手机减少了面对面交流，而长期接触手机辐射还会造成记忆力下降或增加患脑瘤的概率。
参考译文：
The fast/rapid development of telecommunications has made the cell/mobile phone popular among /a favorite of high school students. Despite /In spite of its multiple /many functions, the cell phone has some negative /adverse effect on the academic performance of teenagers, such as cheating on a test or distraction (/lack of attention /lack of concentration /a shortened attention span) in class. Besides (Moreover), regular use of a cell phone ends up with (/results in) less face-to-face communication while chronic exposure to the radiation from the cell phone can lead to (/result in/cause) the decline of memory or increase the chance (possibility/odds/prospect) of developing a brain tumor (/cerebroma/ encephaloma).
2011年1月
几年来，北京部分地区的房价翻了两番，使许多年轻人买不起理想小区中的房子。不论房价高涨是什么原因造成的，都会加重家长的经济压力。老百姓对此无计可施，只能表达自己的不满。所幸的是，有数据表明中央政府控制房价的努力已初见成效。
参考译文：
Over the past few years, the price of housing in some parts of Beijing has quadrupled (increased fourfold / four times), making (rendering) it impossible for many of the young to buy (afford) a house in an ideal neighborhood / making a house in an ideal neighborhood unaffordable for many of the young / so that many of the young can’t afford a house in an ideal neighborhood. Whatever the reason (cause), the high price of housing is likely to increase (add to) the financial pressure on parents. The ordinary people can do nothing about it but voice (express) their dissatisfaction (discontent). Fortunately, there are data that suggest that the effort of the central government to bring the price of housing
under control is beginning to work (produce effect).
2011年6月
有些大学毕业生容易找到工作，他们的特点是学习成绩好，愿意从事低收入的工作。这两个因素同样重要。到能证明白身价值的地方工作是通向成功的关键一步。例如，奥巴马最初的工作是社区组织人员，他当时不可能预料到自己会成为美国总统。
参考译文：
Jobs come easily to college graduates who are characterized by academic excellence and the willingness to do low-income / poorly-paid jobs. The two factors are equally important / of equal importance / equal in importance. Working where you can prove your own worth / value is a crucial / key step towards success. For example, Obama started as a community organizer, who was unlikely to expect (could not have expected / probably did not expect ) that he could become president of the United States.
2011年12月
尽管健康越来越重要，然而多数人都是等到生病时才意识到健康的宝贵。适量的运动无疑有益于健康，但体育迷面临的问题是缺少理想的运动场所。与森林不同，繁忙街道两侧的公园容易受到空气污染，在此锻炼非但不能提高身体抵抗力，还很可能诱发各种慢性病。
参考译文
Despite the increasing importance of health, most people don’t (fail to) become aware of (realize / recognize) the value of health until they fall ill. There is no doubt that moderate exericse can benefit health (be of health benefit). However, sports fans are faced with the lack of ideal places for exercise. Unlike forests, parks on either side of a busy street are prone (vulnerable / susceptible) to atmoshpheric pollution, where exercise cannot enhance immunity, but instead is likely to induce various chronic diseases / exercise may induce various chronic diseases rather than enhance immunity.
2012年6月
在21世纪，全球化合数字化已经把世界变成地球村。文化的发展将不再是各自封闭的，而是在相互影响中共存。一个民族对人类文化贡献的大小，越来越取决
于她吸收外来文化的能力和自我更新的能力。中国将继续致力于改革开放，用和谐的方式实现经济繁荣和社会进步。
参考译文：
In the 21st century, globalization and digitalization have turned the world into a global village. Culture will no longer develop in an isolated way, but instead co-exists amid interactions / mutual influence. The amount of contribution a nation makes ( How much contribution that a nation can make) to human cultures increasingly depends on her ability to assimilate foreign culture and renew herself. China will continue to be committed to reform and opening-up and achieve economic prosperity and social progress in a harmonious way.
2012年12月
医生的伟大之处在于他们能环节患者的痛苦。医生不仅要近距离接触各类患者，还要力求以尽可能低的费用取得最佳的效果。新技术和设备的普及有助于医生们有效治疗那些威胁生命的疾病。同科研人员一样，医生要随时了解自己研究领域内的最新发展动向。
参考译文
What is great (extraordinary) about doctors is their ability to relieve (ease / alleviate) the pain (suffering) of patients. Not only do doctors (have to) have close contact with various patients, but try to achieve the best effect at the minimum (lowest possible) expense (cost). The popularization (improved availability and accessibility) of new technologies and facilities can help doctors treat effectively life-threatening diseases (that pose a threat to life). Like researchers, doctors have to keep themselves informed of the latest development in their sphere of study (research).
2013年6月
由于大学生误认为能选对语法练习答案就能正确使用语法规则，所以写作中容易犯语法错误。此外，国内流行许多具有中国特色的英语语法规则，本族语这却很少使用。要正确使用语法，学生要在阅读过程中尽可能多了解英语的实际语法。
参考译文：
Because of the myth among college students that to choose the correct answers to grammar exercises is to use rules of grammar properly (correctly) / one can use rules of grammar correctly as long as he can choose the correct answers to grammar exercises / the ability to choose…equals the ability to…, college students are prone to grammatical errors. Beyond that / Besides / In addition, there are many
rules of grammar with Chinese characteristics that are popular in China but rarely used by native speakers. To be grammatically correct, students have to find out as much as possible about the way English is actually used while they read.
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研究生学位英语翻译
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2020年考研英语一翻译真题及答案解析 2017年考研英语考试已经结束!出国留学考研网在考后第一时间 为大家提供2017年考研英语一翻译真题及答案解析，更多考研资讯 请关注我们网站的更新! 2017年考研英语一翻译真题及答案解析 英语1文章明显偏学术，今年考察英语语言发展情况，文章选的英国文化教育协会，是雅思出题组织者。它的主席叫大卫格兰多的 一本书，叫《英语下一步》，他讲到整本书意思是英语将走向何处。 很有意思的是主席曾经这本书里说到了中文将以后成为世界语言。英语1考题作为序言部分作为考题。 今年英语1总体难度和去年相比，刚刚过去2016年考研题稳中 有一点点上升，没有任何难句出现，只是长句。我认为稳中上升。 第一句话有一个单词难一点，(英文)，英语全球性主导地位。翻译里没有考过。(英文)主导地位考过，但是是阅读里经常出现，翻 译都是可以的。这句话基本意思说到了，说英语的人进一步扩大， 这是一个(英文)状语从句。后面跟着有迹象表明，是主句，表明的 迹象是什么呢?从句，英语全球性主导地位在可预见地位将减弱。 fade(英文)略微有难度。我对考研阅读没有那么熟，但是2000 年出现过。如果按照新东方老师关注的精读方法来学习有很好的效果。 第二句话讲到了大卫这个人分析，会终结一些人的(英文)，他们或许会认为英语全球性地位是如此稳定。他们有一次词，是(英语) 如此稳定，英国年轻一代不需要额外学习其他的语言能力。但是会 终结年轻一代的能力。 但是组织的时候要注意一下，有些人认为英语语言地位如此稳定，英国年轻人没有必要学习什么，但是大卫的观点会终结这些人的想法。语序颠倒一下会更好。
研究生学位英语汉译英试题
近年汉译英试题 2004年1月 考研的人在英语上花的时间远远多于其它学科，希望英语分数越高越好。许多人坚信成功地秘诀是参加短训班和多背范文，结果却发现此招不灵。他们为提高英语水平做出的努力很难得到回报。 参考译文： Those who take the entrance examination for graduate schools spend much (/far) more time on English than on other subjects, hoping for the highest possible scores of English. Many people are convinced that the secret to success is to attend training courses (/classes) and learn many sample writings by heart, only to find that doesn’t work. Their efforts to improving their English can’t pay off easily. 2004年6月 计算机被认为是有史以来对人类生活影响最大的发明。它的神奇之处在于其运算速度和准确性优于人类。计算机能在几秒钟内完成几十年前可能需要数天才能完成的事。这是人类第一次感到自己作为最高级物种的地位受到了挑战。 参考译文： The computer is believed (/regarded /considered) to be the invention that has exerted the greatest influence on human lives in history. What is remarkable about it is that it can calculate with better speed and accuracy than man. The computer can finish in seconds what might have taken days decades ago. This is the first time that man has felt that his position (/status) as the highest species has been challenged. 2005年1月 人们越来越意识到开发环保型产品的重要性。为实现长期可持续发展，发达国家不惜代价减少温室气体的排放。如果目前全球变暖的速度保持不变，东京和伦敦等大城市从地球上消失的可能性将是20前的10倍。 参考译文： People have become increasingly aware of the importance of developing environmentally friendly (pollution-free) products. For the sake of longstanding sustainable development, developed countries are to reduce
研究生英语翻译答案
Unit 2 III Translation Practice Exercise 1 A. 1. 麦当劳有很多让农民恼怒的事：千篇－律，平淡无味，还有其所代表的烹饪霸权 2. 至少有40种植物已经通过了政府审核。 3. 到目前为止，还没有任何迹象表明基因重组作物会对任何人造成任何伤害。 4. 即使还没有法律措施，公众舆论正以更加怀疑的态度看待基因改良技术。 5. 这种优质作物受到农民的欢迎是情有可原的，因为对他们来说，产量即使有一丁点 的增长也就意味着利润上的极大提高。 B. 1. In recent years Europeans have become increasingly jumpy about bad food – and with good reason. 2. This year the E.U. banned the importation of non-approved GM corn. 3. It is crucially important that we take stock of this technology’s probable effects on our planet’s ecosystems. 4. We should also take a sober look at the effect of genetic engineering in the social and political realms. 5. Nature is never idle. Through random mutations, nature constantly tests new genetic models of organisms. Exercise 2. A. 1. 全世界的人们都在密切地注视他们食品中的基因构成——并地为他们所看到的一切 越发感到不安。在过去的十年里，随着科学家们将无数的水果和蔬菜的基因重组，使平常的农作物变成了能抵御霜冻、经得起除草剂，甚至产生消灭自身害虫作用的超级作物，基因改良食品已日益成为普遍现象。就总数而言，超过4,500的基因改良植物已经过测试，其中至少有40种——包括13种玉米，11种西红柿和4种大豆——已经通过了政府的审核。 2. 但是，一个国家的禁令对另一国家而言就是一种贸易保护主义，美国对欧洲的举动 持怀疑态度。自从欧洲决定继续禁止进口助长荷尔蒙的美国牛肉以来，美国通过对欧洲某些出口食品征收100%的关税作为反击，欧美之间的关系近来变得越发紧张。在这种激烈的争斗中，转基因食品禁令的审慎态度与报复差不多/ 看似是报复行为，其实是一种审慎。此外，假如欧洲如此担忧转基因食品的话，为什么还要生产它们呢？法国生产的转基因粮食规模不大，而消费得却比其它欧洲国家多。 B. 1. Ready or not, the world is entering the age of genetic engineering. Altered environments and human-created life forms will be part of this new age. Plants may be transformed into miniature factories producing plastics, medicines, or perfumes. Animals may be given human genes to make their tissues compatible with humans, allowing animal hearts and other organs to be transplanted into critically ill people. 2. We should also take a sober look at the effects of genetic engineering in the social and political realms. Because the agricultural and medical benefits of genetic engineering are expensive, poor individuals and poor nations will not be able to afford them – at least not for years to come. As a result, the economic gap between rich and poor is likely to widen. In
2020年考研《英语一》翻译真题答案(跨考版)
2020年考研《英语一》翻译真题答案(跨考版) 文章来源于An Outline of American History，《美国历史纲要》，是一本历史学方面的专著。 46 We don’t have to learn how to be mentally healthy; it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend a broken bone. 【句子结构】分号连接的两个并列句，第一个并列句主干是 We don’t have to learn ，how引导宾语从句做learn的宾语，第二个 并列句主干是it is built into us in the same way，that引导定 语从句修饰先行词way，that定语从句中主干是our bodies know，how引导宾语从句做know的宾语。 【参考译文】我们无需刻意去了解学习才能让心理更健康，它正 如我们的身体知道怎样让伤口愈合和修复骨折一样，是根植于我们体 内的/是我们与生俱来的水平。 47 Our mental health doesn’t really go anywhere; like the sun behind a cloud, it can be temporarily hidden from view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant. 【句子结构】分号连接的两个并列句, 第一个并列句主谓结构， 很简单，第二个并列句中，like the sun behind a cloud是状语， but 连接两个并列分句，包括短语be hidden from 和be capable of. 涉及被动语态的翻译方法。 【参考译文】我们的心理健康并不是真的消失不见，就像云朵背 后的太阳，它也许暂时被遮挡，但是它也能够在瞬间重焕光芒。 48 Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles, with kindness if they are in pain, and with unconditional love no matter who they are.
商务英语翻译汇总
1 你什么时候要货呢？When do you want the goods? 2 货送到哪里去？Where shall we deliver the goods? 3 有没有送货地点的名片？Do you have card of delivery address. 4 你拿多点数量可以便宜点。We can lower the price, if you take more. 5 这个很便宜了，我都算批发价价格给你了。This is cheap, it is whole sale price. 6 先生（女士），等一下，我看最低能多少钱给你。 Wait a minute, Sir/ Madam, 7 这种款式没货了，这种质量和那种是一样的，价格也一样。 This style is out of stock. This one and that one are the same quality, same price. 8 还需要点别的什么东西吗？Do you want any others? 9 要好点的还是便宜的？Want goods products or cheap one? 10 你要多少米的？How long do you want? 11 算了，给你了。下次多点来关顾。OK, hope you can come again next time. 12 等一下，他去仓库拿货给你看。 Wait a minute. He is going to the warehouse to take the goods. 13 保修一年one year warranty 14 一年内是质量问题可以拿回来换。 If there is quality problem, take it back, we replace it. 15 我怎么联系你呢？How can I contact with you? 16 这个数量太少了。能不能订多点呢? Your order is too small, can you order more? 17 我有便宜点的。I have cheaper one. 18 这个一扎是50米。50 meters, a bundle 19 你要多大的？小一点的就便宜点。 What size do you want? The smaller, the cheaper. 20 拿这种就便宜点，一样大小的，牌子不同。 This one is cheaper, the same size, different brand. 21 这种款式要多少个？How many do you want of this style? 22 等一下，我上二楼拿给你。Wait a minute. I am going upstairs to take it. 23 不行，这个价格我们要亏本的。Sorry, for this price, we will lose money. 24 你还要多点吗？Do you want some more? 25 我们的仓库不远，很快就到了。Our warehouse is not far, we will arrive soon. 26 这么慢，来了没有？再不来我就走了。----很快就来了，再等三分钟。 We have been staying here for a long time. When will he come? If no, we will go. Wait more 3 minutes. 1 请问要多少卷？How many rolls do you want? 2 你的货是自己带走，还是要送? You want us to deliver goods or take by yourself? 3 是货到付款，还是现在支付？ Cash on delivery (COD), or on-site payment 4 如果要送货，运费由你出。 You should pay for the cost of delivery if you want. 5 你想要买什么电器？What electronic equipment do you want to buy? 6 这个款式很畅销。This style sells very well.
研究生学位英语23
考试须知 1、本次考试试卷有试题册（试卷一）和答题纸（Answer Sheet)两种，答题时间 为120分钟。 2、请考生用钢笔在Answer Sheet上写上姓名、学号、专业班级。 3、请考生在Answer Sheet上答题，写在试题册上的答案一律作废。 4、选择题每题只能选一个答案，多选作废。选定答案后，在Answer Sheet中找到相应题号，将答案对应字母（A\B\C\D）填写在题号后的括号里。注意保持字迹清晰工整，容易识别。由于字迹潦草、答案模棱两可甚至无法识别者，一律判为0分，责任由考生本人负责。 5、简答题、翻译和作文等主观题部分的答题请考生用钢笔书写在Answer Sheet 指定位置上。 6、考试结束，考生不得将试题册和答题纸带出考场。请把试题册和答题纸分别 上交监考老师。 Test 23 Part I Situational Conversations (10%) Directions:In this part, there are ten short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that most appropriately suits the conversational context and best completes the dialogue. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center of the corresponding letter． 1. Christopher: If I am not mistaken, your birthday is coming up. Has your brother sent you anything? Samuel: Not yet. _____________. A. He never forgets though. B. After all, he’ll buy something for me. C. I expect so D. No, I don’t like it. 2. Flora: What's the matter? Don't you like the soup? Carl: _________ Flora: Oh, I'm sorry about that. A. Yes, I'm crazy about it. B. Well, not very much, I'm afraid. C. I see. It's a little hot. D. No. I like it, actually.
研究生英语 翻译+答案
1.Visual cues from audience members can indicate that a speech is dragging , that the speaker is dwelling on a particular point for too long , or that a particular point requires further explanation 听众的眼神足以表明，演说过于拖沓，演讲者在某一点上讲得太多，或者在某一点上还需要做进一步的解释。 2.But art history focuses on much more than this because art reflects not only the political values of a people , but also religious beliefs , emotions , and psychology. 但是艺术史注意的不仅仅是这些，因为艺术不仅反映了一个民族的政治价值，也反应了他们的宗教信仰，感情和心理特点。 3.One widely held belief is that a sharp fright will end a troublesome bout of hiccups , but many people prefer just waiting for them to go away as this “cure” is often worse than the ailment itself . 一个普遍认同的观点是，猛然的惊吓会止住一阵讨厌的打嗝，但是很多人更愿意等待打嗝自然过去，因为这种“止隔得方法”往往比打嗝本身更加的糟糕。 4.That our environment had little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behavior is central to this theory. 这种理论的核心是，我们的环境同我们的才能、性格特征和行为即使有什么关系的话，也是微不足道的。 5.And I take heart from the fact that the enemy, which boasts that it can occupy the strategic point in a couple of hours , has not yet been able to take even the outlying regions , because of the stiff resistance that gets in the way. 敌人吹嘘能在几个小时内就占领战略要地，由于受到顽强抵抗，甚至还没有能占领外围地带，这一事实使我增强了信心。 6. A physically mature female deer in good condition who has conceived in November and given birth to two fawns during the end of May or first part of June , must search for food for the necessary energy not only to meet her body’s needs but also to produce milk for her fawns. 一只成熟健壮的母鹿，在十一月怀胎，五月底或六月初生下两只幼鹿，这时，她必须寻找食物以获得必要的能量，这不仅是为了满足自身的需要，而且也是为了给幼鹿生产乳汁。 7.The president said at a press conference dominated by questions on yesterday’s election results that he could not explain why the Republicans had suffered such a widespread defeat, which in the end would deprive the Republican Party of long-held superiority in the House. 在主要问及昨天选举结果的记者招待会上，总统说他无法解释为何共和党遭到如此惨痛的失败,这最终会使共和党丧失在众议院长期以来享有的优势。 8.The second aspect is the application by all members of society from the government official to the ordinary citizen, of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their work. 第二个方面是，社会上的一切成员，从政府部门中任公职的官员到普通公民，都应运用科学家们在科研工作中所采用的专门的思维方法和工作方法。 9.The method was largely developed by physicists , chemists and biologists ; it was later adopted by people working in such areas as education, psychology and sociology , where the subjects of research were often people. 这种方法在很大程度上先是由物理学家、化学家和生物学家使用，后来为在教育学、心理学和社会学等领域内工作的研究人员所采纳而发展起来的。
研究生英语综合教程(上)熊海虹课后部分翻译答案 (1)1
第一单元 “一年365 天，一周7 天，一天24 小时，生意始终在进行，那意味着一年365 天，一周7 天，一天24 小时，竞争也同样在进行，”豪特说，“公司取胜的方法之一就是要更快地到达‘目的地’！这就是说，你不仅要把所有能支持公司快速运转的功能都调动起来，而且还得知道如何决定‘目的地’是哪里。这样，不仅对那些行动快速的人们，也对那些思维敏捷，并有勇气按自己的想法行事的人们都提出了要求。这需要全公司各部门的运作，而不仅仅是管理部门的工作。 “Business happens 24/7/365, which means that competition happens 24/7/365, as well,” says Haut. “One way that companies win is by getting …there? faster, which means that you not only have to mobilize all of the functions that support a business to move q uickly, but you have to know how t o decide where …there? is! This creates a requirement not only for people who can act quickly, but for those who can think fast with the courage to act on their convictions. This needs to run throughout an organization and is not exclusive to management.” 最后，职业地位包含对职业标准的遵守。很多律师通过在行业内外把自己塑造成一个具有良好职业道德的典范来找到自我价值。对那些在所有职业行为中都表现出极度正直和谦逊有礼的律师们来说，当管理阶层对他们理应受到的特别尊重表示肯定时，便又获得了另一种形式的精神报酬。 Lastly, professional status encompasses adherence to ethical standards. Most lawyers find self worth in setting an example—both within the profession and within the larger society—as ethical actors. When management affirms the special respect due to lawyers who act with the utmost integrity and civility in all of their professional dealings, it provides yet another form of compensation. 第四单元 很多研究发现婴儿获得关爱的质量会影响到他们以后的交友，在学校的表现，如何应对陌生的或可能充满压力的情况，以及他们成年后如何建立并且维系情感连系。正是因为这些原因，人们与家庭成员的早期亲密关系才如此至关重要。在人情冷漠的环境中(如孤儿院，某些寄养家庭，或缺乏关爱的家庭)长大的孩子会出现情感和社会性发育不良，语言和运动技能迟缓，以及精神健康问题。Much research shows that the quality of care infants receive affects how they later get along with friends, how well they do in school, how they react to new and possibly stressful situations, and how they form and maintain loving relationships as adults. It is for these reasons thatpeople's early intimate relationships within their family of origin1 are so critical. Children who are raised in impersonal environments (orphanage, some foster homes, or unloving families) show emotional and social underdevelopment, language and motor skills retardation, and mental health problems. 一开始让人相互吸引的是什么?许多人相信“世上有一个人是你为之而生的”，而且命运会将你俩带到一起。这样的想法很浪漫却不现实。实证研究发现，是文化标准和价值观而非命运，将人们连系在一起。我们错过了成千上万的可能的爱人，因为他们早就被正式的或非正式的挑选理想爱人的准则筛选出局，这些准则包括年龄、种族、地域、社会阶层、宗教、性倾向、健康状况或外表。 What attracts individuals to each other in the first place? Many people believe that "there's one person out there that one is meant for" and that destiny will bring them together. Such beliefs are romantic but unrealistic. Empirical studies show that cultural norms and values, not fate, bring people together We will never meet millions of potential lovers because they are "filtered out" by formal or informal rules on partner eligibility due ton factors such as age, race, distance, Social class, religion, sexual orientation, health, or physical appearanc e. 第五单元 做瑜伽没有场地的限制，一套瑜伽动作通常需要20 分钟到两个小时或者更多的时间，而一个小时左右的时间则是一系列动作和冥想的最佳选择。根据瑜伽师和学派的不同，一些瑜伽动作做起来辛苦异常，而另一些却只是在呼吸和心跳平稳的情况下调整和伸展肢体。每天练习瑜伽会达到最好的效果，随着动作越来越熟练，你就可以加大强度和难度这样瑜伽就能成为你相伴终生的日常锻炼方式了。练习基础的瑜伽动作即可收到增强力量，改善柔韧性并使人感到舒适的效果，但要想达到完美和高深的境界还是需要日积月累的练习，这也是瑜伽吸引人的地方之一。 Yoga routines can take anywhere from 20 minutes to two or more hours, with one hour being a good time investment to perform a sequence of postures and a meditation. Some yoga routines, depending on the teacher and school, can be as strenuous as the most difficult workout, and some routines merely stretch and align the body while the breath and heart rate are kept slow and steady. Yoga achieves its best results when it is practiced as a daily discipline, and yoga can be a life-long exercise routine, offering deeper and more challenging positions as a practitioner becomes more adept. The basic positions can increase a person?s strength, flexibility and sense of well-being almost immediately, but it can take years to perfect and deepen them, which is an appealing and stimulating aspect of yoga for many. 第七单元 人性的恒定性是众所周知的，因为没有人相信一个人能够从根本上改变他的本性。这就是为什么一个恶名远扬的人很难重建公众对他的信心。人们凭经验知道某一年中表现出无赖性格的人不太可能在第二年有任何改观。小偷也不会变成值得信赖的员工。吝