《基础护理学》考前模拟试题

《基础护理学》考前模拟试题
《基础护理学》考前模拟试题

级专业班姓名学号成绩

《基础护理学》模拟试题

一、单选题:(每题1分,共30分)

1.服用前需测心率的药物是() A.苯巴比妥钠 B.强心苷类 C. 异丙嗪 D.泼尼松(强的松)

2.PO是指() A.饭后 B.饭前 C.口服 D.需要时 E必要时

3..服磺胺药需多饮水的目的是:()

A.避免损害造血系

B.减轻服药引起的恶心

C.避免尿中结晶析出

D.避免影响血液酸碱度

E.增加药疗效

4.下列青霉素皮试结果,哪一种情况可以注射青霉素()

A.局部红晕直径1厘米以上,无自觉症状

B.局部红晕直径0.5厘米以上,有胸闷、头晕

C.局部红晕直径0.5厘米以上,周围有伪足,有痒感

D.局部红晕直径0.7厘米,无自觉症状

E.以上都不能注射

5.脑水肿病人静滴20%甘露醇250ml,要求在25分钟内滴注完,每分钟的滴速是:()

A.100滴

B.125滴

C.150滴

D.175滴

E.200滴

6.输液反应中患者发生急性肺水肿,应为患者安置的体位是()

A.平卧位

B.左侧卧位

C.头高足低位

D.端坐位

E.休克卧位

7.病人方某,哮喘发作,呼吸较困难,医嘱作超声雾化吸入疗法,欲为病人解痉平喘,首选()

A.地塞米松

B.氨茶碱

C.庆大霉素

D.易咳净

E.α-糜蛋白酶

8.为患者输两袋血之间应输入少量()

A.5%葡萄糖溶液

B.5%葡萄糖氯化钠溶液

C.0.9%氯化钠溶液

D.复方氯化钠溶液

E.10%葡萄糖溶液

9.护士在为病人张某静脉注射25%葡萄糖溶液中,病人自述疼痛,推注时稍有阻力,推注部位局部水肿,抽无回血,此情况应考虑是:()

A针头滑出血管外 B针头部分阻塞 C针头斜面紧贴血管壁 D静脉痉挛

E针尖斜面一部分穿透下面血管壁

10.皮下注射时针头与皮肤成:()A.5-10° B.20-30° C.30-40° D.45-50° E.90°

11.臀大肌注射时的体位为:()

A.下腿伸直上腿弯曲

B.下腿弯曲上腿伸直

C.两腿伸直

D.两腿弯曲

E.双膝向腹部弯曲

12. 输液中发生肺水肿时吸氧需用酒精湿化,其目的是:

A. 使病人呼吸道湿润

B. 使痰液稀薄,易吐出

C. 消毒吸入的氧气

D. 降低肺泡表面张力

E. 降低肺泡泡沫表面张力

13.哪项不是无痛注射的应采取的措施()

A.分散病人注意力

B.取合适体位,使肌肉放松

C.进针后,注射前忌抽动活塞

D.注射刺激性强的药物,针头宜粗长,进针要深

E.注射时做到二快一慢

14.自大安瓿内吸取药液,操作正确的是()

A.安瓿颈划痕后即可折断

B.针尖斜面向上放入安瓿内

C.倒转安瓿抽药液

D.乳头偏向一侧的排气时乳头朝上倾斜

E.根据药液的粘稠度选择注射器

15.下列皮试液1ml含量错误的是()

A.青霉素:500U

B.链霉素:250U

C.破伤风抗毒素:150IU

D.先锋:500ug

E.普鲁卡因0.25%

16.进行氧气雾化吸入时,氧流量应调至()

A.2—6L/min

B.4—6L/min

C.6—8L/min

D.10—12L/min

E.10—14L/min

17.护士在为病人进行雾化吸入疗法时,错误的是()

A.先作解释及心理安慰

B.先开电源开关,再调节雾量

C.嘱病人紧闭口唇深吸气

D.吸入时间一般为30~60min

E.完毕,先关雾化开关,再关电源开关

18.超声波雾化吸入后,下述哪项物品不需消毒()

A.面罩

B.螺纹管

C.口含嘴

D.雾化罐

E.水槽

19.易氧化和遇光变质,须装在密盖瓶中保存的药物是()

A.巴比妥

B.氨茶碱

C.甲氧氯普胺(胃复安)

D.糖衣片

E.地西泮(安定)

20.备口服药时,下列哪项错误()

A.水剂,应将溶液摇匀倒在药杯内

B.油剂可滴在杯内冷开水中服用

C.片剂用药匙取药

D.0.5ml的药液应用滴管取5滴,滴入温开水中

E.用湿纱布擦净瓶口21.下述何项不符合药物保管原则()A.药柜应放在通风处 B.瓶签模糊不清应慎用

C.口服药物要统一放在一个药柜内

D.麻醉药应有专人保管

E.定期检查药物的数量和质量

22.股静脉穿刺部位为:( )

A.股动脉内侧0.5cm

B.股动脉外侧0.5cm

C.股神经内侧0.5cm

D.股神经外侧0.5cm

E.股动脉和股神经之间

23.颈外静脉穿刺部位位于下颌角和锁骨上缘中点联线之()

A.上2/3

B.下2/3

C.中1/3

D.上1/3

E. 1/2

24.2 岁以下的婴儿肌内注射时,最好选用:( )

A.臀大肌

B.上臂三角肌

C.臀中肌臀小肌

D.股外侧肌

E.前臂外侧肌

25.输血过程中下列何项不妥()

A. 两瓶血之间须输入少量生理盐水

B.输血时须两人核对无误方能输入

C.发现血液变质不能使用

D.在血中加入地塞米松1ml,可有效防止过敏反应发生

E.输入之前需先加温

26.发挥药效最快的给药途径是:( )A.口服 B.皮下注射 C.吸入 D.静脉注射 E.外敷

27. 张某,在大量快速输血后,发生手足抽搐,心率缓慢,血压下降,请问可能发生的输血反应是()

A.发热反应

B.过敏反应

C.枸橼酸钠中毒反应

D.溶血反应

E.急性肺水肿

28. 生物制品类药物保存方法为:()

A.密盖瓶保存

B.放入有色瓶

C.放入冰箱

D.放在阴凉处

E.远离明火

29.抢救青霉素过敏性休克病人时,首选的药物为:()

A.盐酸异丙嗪

B.苯肾上腺素

C.盐酸肾上腺素

D.异丙肾上腺素

E.去甲肾上腺素

30. 可纠正体内电解质失调的溶液是:( )

A. 浓缩白蛋白

B. 右旋糖酐

C. 血浆

D. 晶体溶液

E. 全血

二、多选题(每题2分,共20分)

1.下列何项服药方法不正确()

A.助消化药饭前服

B.止咳糖浆服后多饮水

C.健胃药饭后服

D.发汗药服后保暖

E.服铁剂时,注意不能多饮茶

2.药疗时需核对的项目是:()A.用药史 B.浓度剂量 C.时间、用法 D.药名 E.姓名床号

3. 常用静脉注射的部位是:()

A.四肢浅静脉

B.股静脉

C.小儿头皮静脉

D.成人头皮静脉

E.锁骨下静脉、颈外静脉

4.长期静脉注射者为保护血管应:( )

A.先下后上选择静脉

B.由远到近选择血管

C.制定使用静脉计划

D.刺激性强的药先注入注射用水再注药

E.随时听取病人主诉观察反应

5.碘试敏的方法有:( ) A.口服 B.皮内注射 C.肌肉注射 D.静脉注射 E.皮下注射

6. 输血前准备工作正确的是:( )

A. 做血型鉴定和交叉配血试验

B. 需两人核对

C. 输血前先输入少量氯化钠

D. 取血禁剧烈震荡

E. 冬季库存血应先加温

7.皮内注射叙述正确的是:( )

A.不用碘酒消毒

B.部位可在前臂掌侧、三角肌下缘

C.拔针不按压

D.进针角度为5度

E.仅适于药物过敏试验

8.符合无痛注射原则的是:( )

A.分散病人注意力

B.进针后注射前禁忌抽动活塞

C.体位舒适放松肌肉

D.注射时两快一慢

E.注射刺激性强的药物进针要深

9. 溶血反应处置正确的是:( )

A. 减慢输血速度

B. 双侧腰封

C. 严密观察血压

D. 留置导尿

E. 氧气吸入

10.以下关于静脉注射正确的是()

A.选择弹性好的血管

B.由近心端向远心端选择血管

C.见回血后松带、松拳

D.掌握药物注入速度

E.严格无菌操作

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