精心设计教案-打造高效课堂

精心设计教案打造高效课堂

——如何进行九年级英语第一轮复习

摘要：本文通过初三英语第一轮复习过程中一节课的教案、学案和课堂作业的展示，详细介绍了第一轮复习过程中的一些做法——“活跃课堂氛围人人争当老师，整合复习内容精心设计教案，及时归纳小结强化复习效果”，努力达到打造高效课堂的效果。

关键词：高效课堂一轮复习活跃气氛整合内容归纳小结

近年来，各地都在致力于中考英语试题的改革，从本市去年的中招试题来看，试题侧重对学生能力的考查，基本不再出现难题、怪题和偏题。大多数单项选择题都将语言点放在语境中考查，要求学生从语境的角度考虑问题；词汇运用突出基础性和常规性，主要考查学生对常用词汇的基础运用，在拼写上没有加大难度，集“单词拼写——词法——语法功能”三位一体进行考查；阅读理解注意考查学生把握事实和细节的能力、简单推理的能力、根据上下文判断的能力、根据阅读材料推测文章大意的能力，同时没有忽略对西方国家文化背景了解的考查；完形填空难、中、易题都有，考点的设计从语言的意义上考虑，不考语法，而考语义，正确的答案都要通过理解上下文意义进行选择。书面表达注重考题与教材牵手，源于教材，高于教材，考查学生根据提示能较为准确地写出词法、标点、句法和逻辑等方面较为准确的文章，还要注意文章结构要有一定的层次，并且能适当运用一些连词，使句子读起来连贯。试题渐渐与高考试题接轨，不仅加强了对英语基础知识的考查，更突出了对运用知识的能力的考查。为了使学生能够在中考时得到理想的分数，我们根据近几年中考试题新特点及学生实际情况，采取“三轮复习法”作为总复习计划，先帮助学生进行全面的基础复习，再进行专题复习和适应性考试复习。第一轮复习阶段我针对学生，因时间等因素对已学基础知识有遗忘的普遍性，本着“依纲靠本”和“温故知新”的原则，引领学生一步一个脚印，搞好基础知识的复习。作为教师，这一阶段应根据学生的实际情况精心备课，打造高效课堂，按教材内容归纳语言点，讲透语言点运用，对各单元的知识要点进行梳理，同时应特别注重基础词汇、词组、句型的过关。第二轮复习要求突出重点进行专题复习。在学生对基础知识掌握得比较扎实的前提下，相应地提高要求，对相关语法知识，各类语言重点进行系统整理消化，加深理解，强化记忆，为第三轮复习——适应性考试复习夯实基础。

目前，我们正处在第一轮复习阶段，在这一阶段我采取了一些必要的措施来帮助学生巩固所学内容，做到根据复习内容，布置适量的难度适中的课堂作业和课后练习。现以8A 第三单元的复习为例，展现我的复习特色。

一、活跃课堂氛围人人争当老师

现行的《英语课程标准》强调，教师应依据课程的总体目标并结合教学内容，创造性地设计贴近学生实际的教学活动，吸引和组织他们积极参与。应该自始至终关注学生的情感，努力营造宽松、民主、和谐的教学氛围。学生是学习的主人，教师是学习的组织者、引导者与合作者。为此，我在课上将“满堂灌”、“一言堂” 变为“巧让位””、“大家谈”，把课堂还给学生，把学习的主动权交给学生。我们深知每一个学生都渴望着被欣赏、被发现。他们生性聪慧、活泼、同时也拥有着强烈的表现欲，因此在教学中我努力为学生提供各种能够展示自我的舞台，全方位地激起自信心和积极性。第一轮复习阶段，我每天的课后作业都有例行要求——自我预览下节课上所要复习的单元的重点词汇，短语或句子，将你认为相关的一系列词汇，短语或句子梳理出来，遇到问题时一并记下。对学生而言，这是最佳的

自我检测，自我学习，自我提高的好机会，在这个过程中，他们将该单元的重点词汇，短语或句子进行了初步的梳理，从读音，拼法及运用到与连贯知识的对比和区别都进行了温故。第二天在课上，学生通过“点兵捉将”（让学生就自己在复习过程中遇到的“热点”进行随意提问，如：Reading中有这样一句“It was a great day but we did not enjoy it at the beginning. ”课上王鹏程同学“点兵”尤杰勇同学：at the beginning的同义短语有哪些？反义的呢？）及“课堂求助”等活动汇报自己的复习小结，提出自己遇到的问题，并能从同学和老师那里得到解决问题的答案。（继续刚才的例子。尤杰勇同学给出了王鹏程提出的问题答案，得到王鹏程的肯定后，便求助课代表吴琴：我对“The music was great and Kitty wanted to join in the dancing. ”一句中的join in 与join 和take part in 的区别不清楚，请指教。）“点兵捉将”、“课堂求助”使课堂气氛活跃，紧张有序，既帮助学生及时查漏补缺，把所学知识重新加以归纳整合，又使学生在老师和同学的帮助下，理清了所学知识中的“模糊点”。

二、整合复习内容精心设计教案

在设计教案的过程中，我紧紧围绕中考说明，围绕教材，把学生所学过的知识按词汇、语法、句型、课文、阅读理解等横向理一遍，再进行整理归类，找出问题和难点，并加以整合归纳，扩大复习课的容量。然后，根据各个单元不同的教学目标、要求及重点，我将相关的知识有机地整合在一起，形成一个系统的知识体系。以下是我设计的8A 第三单元的教案和学案。

Teaching Plan

8A Unit 3 A day out (Revision)

1. Teaching aims and demands:

To help the students use the important and useful expressions well

To help the students know how to read a passage with what they have learned

To improve the students’ writing abilities

2. Teaching aid: multi-media

3. Teaching procedures:

Step1 Warmer

To show pictures and ask questions about wonderful places to lead the students into the lesson

Step2 Reading revision

Get the students to fill the form with some information according

to Linda’s letter to her mother “Around the world in a day”

Step3 Exercise and feedback

To consolidate what has been learned

Step4 Grammar revision

To revise the usage of “and, but, or”;

To revise the reflexive pronouns

To revise the usage of “to-infinitives”

Step5 Practice

To do a “Fill in the missing words” practice and give some instructions

Step6 Summary and feedback

To summarize what has been learned in this lesson

Step7 Writing

To write a passage “Several days out” and give the students instructions about how to write a passage before writing 8A Unit 3 A day out (Revision)

Learning plan

Name_______

同学，你掌握了这些重要的知识了吗？

1. It was a great day but we did not enjoy it at the beginning.

at the beginning at first in the end at last finally

2. It was made of metal and really tall.

be made of be made from be made in be made to do

make sb. do sth. make sb.+ adj.

(1) -Your shirt looks so beautiful. ____ it _________ silk?

-Yes. It _____________ Shanghai.

(2) On Sundays, I ___ always ___________ so much homework.

(3) Wine _____(make) in Italy tastes delicious. It _____________ grapes.

(4) We should work hard _______(make) ourselves more and more confident.

3. There are models of over a hundred places of interest from all over the world.

⊙places of interest= interesting places

⊙all over the world=throughout the world, in the world

⊙model metal medal middle

(1) In 1992, the President of the United States presented her with the Presidential ______of Freedom for her charity work.

(2) Yu Hai is very handsome and he wants to be a _____ when he grows up.

(3) Look! There is a boat in the _____ of the river.

(4) These knives are made of ______. Be careful not to hurt yourselves.

4. Kitty’s teacher Mr Wu invited me to join their school trip to the World Park.

invite sb.to do sth. invite sb. to a place

5. Kitty and I felt sick for most of the trip.

⊙feel bo red / sick / stressed… feel… doing

⊙trip / journey / route / way / road / street

6. The music was great and Kitty wanted to join in the dancing.

It was a great day but we did not enjoy it at the beginning.

We can visit the World Park or travel around the country.

⊙Remember: We use “and”, “but” and “or” to join ideas together. We use “and” to join ideas that are similar. We use “but” to join ideas that are different. We use “or” to join possibilities or options(选择).

At the beginning of this term, we used to have too much homework. Sometimes we wanted to put it away _____relax ourselves to play outside ____ we realized that it was important for us to finish it ___hand it in on time, ____ we will fall behind others. How stressed we felt!

7. Kitty’s cla ssmate Daniel taught himself how to make a home page.

⊙反身代词(reflexive pronoun)及其用法

填写下表

I we they

you

her

his

itself yourselves

你可要记住这些短语噢！

enjoy oneself help oneself keep a secret to oneself say to oneself

teach oneself by oneself pull oneself up the rocks

⊙The usage of “to-infinitives”

Subject (主语)

It is important to hand in homework on time. = To hand in homework on time is important. Predictive (表语)

My dream is to enter Jiangyan Middle School for further study.

Object (宾语)

We hope to watch Yao Ming play basketball on our school playground.

Object complement (宾补)

My mother often tells me not to watch TV. This makes me feel unhappy sometimes. make/ let/ have sb. do sth. hear/ see/ watch sb. do sth. (省to的动词不定式作宾语补足语) Attributive (定语)

There is no need to trouble our teachers. We can solve the matter by ourselves. Adverbial (状语)

a. to express purpose (表目的)

The boy jumped and jumped to reach the apples on the tree.

b. to express result (表结果)

The little boy has grown up to be a strong basketball player.

⊙“wh-”+ to- infinitives is used as an object (特殊疑问词+动词不定式作宾语)

（1）Daniel wanted to know_____________ (怎样帮助) the Japanese people.

（2）Wang Dan couldn’t decide _____________(是否去) to the Summer Palace with Millie this Sunday.

（3）Sandy asked ____________ (在哪儿买) the local souvenirs just now.

（4）There were many kinds of books on football in the library. Jack wondered _____________ (借哪一本) first.

⊙注意：疑问词why后不能接动词不定式！

三、及时归纳小结强化复习效果

所有老师都有同感：如果每节课你都能为学生带去他们感到新鲜的东西，学生会很愿意上你的课，自然而然地会喜欢你。如果复习课上的内容毫无新意，学生会感到索然无味，导致参与意识不强，加上课后的题海，更使学生感到学业负担重。怎样才能让复习课保持新鲜感,并吸引学生积极主动地参与到课堂中去从而提高复习课的效果呢？我在做好活跃课堂氛围，精心设计教案的同时，还注意设计针对性强的当堂巩固练习题，帮助学生及时归纳小结，强化复习效果。下面是我这节课的跟踪课堂练习。

8A Unit 3 A day out (Revision)

Name ________

Ⅰ. 根据课文内容填写下表

Time In the morning Two hours later Soon

Place

What did they see?

How did they feel?

Ⅱ. 词汇运用用所给词的适当形式填空

（1）Daniel’s cousin has few friends, he always goes to school by ________ (he).

（2）Don’t be nervous. Help ________ (you) to some apples, children.

（3）My mother used to teach _________ (she) English. She can speak a little English.

（4）This is a secret between us. We’d better keep it to ________ (we) for ever.

（5）When the earthquake hit Japan, thousands of Japanese didn’t know and what _______ (do). We should do what we can ________ (help) the Japanese who are homeless.

（6）I often see Han Mei ______ (play) the violin in the music room.

（7）It is our job _______ (protect) the environment.

（8）Mr Ying asked us ___________ (not shout) in the library.

Ⅲ. 短文填空

March 10th,2011

Dear Helen,

I’m back in America after a great holiday with my parents in England. We really enjoyed o_____1____ during the journey.

We traveled by plane and ship. I liked t_______ on the sea. On the way, I could see a lot of

beautiful views — the blue sea and sky, the white cloud, g__3___ mountains and some wonderful old buildings. We visited many p___4____of interest, such as Boarstall Tower, Buckingham, Big Ben in London. They attract millions of tourists from all

o__5___ the world to England ev ery year. My father’s cousin Joe is studying in London. He s___6___ us around London.

U___7___,the museum was not open so we j___8___ looked at the outside. I liked Cambridge University and Oxford University very much a___9___ I hope to study in either of them when I grow up. The traffic in England is very comfortable but the w__10___ was terrible, it was very wet. Maybe you don’t like it either.

I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon!

Best wishes

Kitty

Ⅳ. 书面表达

今年暑假，你有两个月的假期。你打算利用几天时间和朋友Millie去黄山旅行。请根据所提供的信息，完成题为“Several days out”的习作。

1. 黄山地处安徽省东南部，距姜堰约四百公里，以云海(cloudy sea),奇松(strange pines),怪石(amazing stones)和温泉(hot spring)闻名,最高山峰时天都峰（Mt. Tiandu）, 努力登上天都峰，领略大自然的美；

2. 计划乘火车去，因为舒服，便宜；

3. 所有费用将是暑期的打零工（take part in some part-time jobs）所得。

提示短语：be famous for, ask our parents for the money, be an experience we will never forget

注意：

1. 词数100左右。开头已写好，不计入总词数。

2. 短文须包括提供的所有信息，不要逐句翻译，可适当发挥，使句意通顺，意思连贯，符合逻辑。

Several days out

We’ll graduate from Sanshui School in about three months. I have spent too mu ch time getting ready for the entrance exam and it’s time for me to relax myself. I want to visit Mount Huang with my friend Millie for several days.

?????????__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

⊙今天我所得

在今天的课堂上，我的收获是：

(1) _____________________________________________________________________

(2) _____________________________________________________________________

（3）_____________________________________________________________________

⊙今天我所惑

(1) _____________________________________________________________________

(2) _____________________________________________________________________

（3）_____________________________________________________________________

我们都知道，阅读是中考试卷的主干。我在课上通过要求学生根据课文内容寻找活动的主要线索——时间，地点，人物，活动及感受填表或进行短文填空，增强了学生把握事实和细节，简单推理，根据上下文判断以及推测文章大意的能力。如在回答How did they feel?一问时，原文是“It was an amazing day…”学生在考虑答案时，就需要进行词汇的再加工才能得到正确答案“amazed”。在短文填空中，我们设了这样两空U___7___,the museum was not open so we j___8___ looked at the outside. （有必要说明，有时因为教学效果的需要，我经常搞一些原创题，如这节课的课堂作业词汇表达的第5题，短文填空和书面表达，都是我的原创）。大家知道，做这两道填空的知识准备是对文化背景的了解——伦敦的大英博物馆。去英国逛伦敦，首选就该是大英博物馆！这样学生通过上文的the museum was not open很容易找出答案“unluckily”, 由此也能够迎刃而解下句那种表达无可奈和感觉的副词“just”。我一直注意培养学生可持续学习的能力。我们的学生还有不到三个月的时间就要参加中考，将来不少学生都会进入高中、大学继续深造，帮助学生养成良好的学习习惯，是我们每个教者必须具备的职责。我要求学生平时注意点滴积累，常问自己：我今天又掌握了哪些解题方法了？我今天还有哪些问题？我

在课后经常找学生来告诉我他们的所得和所惑。其实，今天的“得”和“惑”是为了明天更好地学习，养成好习惯，学生会终身受益的。除此之外，我还注意拓展学生的思路培养学生健康的人生观。课本原来的中心任务是写一封邀请信，邀请网友外出游玩。我在设计课堂作业时，根据学生们中考后有长假的实际情况，在时间和空间上做了拓展，要求学生写去黄山旅行的计划，既要掌握本文对名胜的描述手法，又不是间单重复介绍名胜；我给了学生要点2计划乘火车去，因为舒服，便宜；3所有费用将是暑期的打零工（take part in some part-time jobs）所得。这样既与课堂上的话题Use the transport wisely有了照应，还暗示了学生合理正确地过好长假，又帮助学生树立了自强不息的人生观，达到了“源于课本，高于课本”的效果。

结语：九年级英语的复习课堂，要在培养学生初步综合语言运用能力的同时，通过复习促进学生的心智发展，进一步提高学生的综合人文素养。我将在今后的复习过程中更加注意学生在语言技能、语言知识、情感态度、学习策略和文化意识等诸方面的整体发展，提高课堂教学效果。