国际商务函电词汇

平信ordinary mail

航空信VIA / by airmail

挂号信Registered / Reg. / R

特快传递Express mail service/ EMS 印刷品printed matter

机密Confidential

密件secret

绝密immediate

要件top secret

急件Urgent

亲启personal

内有照片photo inside

一月January

二月February

三月March

四月April

五月May

六月June

七月July

八月August

九月September

十月October

十一月November

十二月December

附件说明the Enclosure notation

复写纸抄本CC carbon copy

电子复印件X.C. Xerox copy

暗抄（密送）B.C. blind copy

目录 a catalogue

报价 a quotation

存货stock / availability

现行销售条款current sales terms

专门经营specialize in

简介，概况profile

藤木家具rattan and wood furniture 草柳制品wicker and willow craft

实木家具solid wood furniture

良好的销路a good market for…

展览，展出expose

商品item / article

展销会Fair

带有插图的商品目录illustrated catalogue

锆石cubic zirconium

降价reduce the price

红茶black tea

汽车生产商car manufacturers

电子词典electronic dictionary

支付条件terms of payment 大使馆Embassy

纱yarn

多种的a variety of

纺织机械textile machine

针织机knitting machine

纺织品fabric

感激appreciate one’s doing …

贸易代表团trade delegation

稳定的需求steady demand for…

出口商行名录export directory

当前发展current development

亚太地区Asia-Pacific region

亚洲社团Asia Society

齐头并进keep pace with

为…树立名声build a reputation of

享有…的名声enjoy a reputation of

致力于dedicate to sth. / doing sth.

企业家executive

会员制membership

有权随时变更标价offer subject to

alteration

有权随时变更发盘而不另行通知

offer subject to change without notice

有权随市场情况变更报价offer

subject to market fluctuation

发盘在未售前有效offer subject to

being unsold

有权先售的报价offer subject to

prior sale

卖方确认后有效的报价offer

subject to seller’s confirmation

主动发盘voluntary offer

卖家发盘selling offer

买家发盘buying offer

实盘firm offer

虚盘non-firm / conditional offer

确认做…confirm doing sth.

使某人确信某物assure sb. of sth.

convince sb. of sth.

现报价如下we are making you the

following offer

看不出原材料A is made from B

看出原材料A is made of B

满足需求meet the requirements

各占一半50 / 50

涤纶/棉的混合polyester/cotton

mixture

标号Label No.

不同种类的assorted

个别的individually

塑料plastic

装箱box

出口板条箱export crate

不可撤销信用证irrevocable letter

of credit

以…为受益人In one’s favor

商业银行commercial bank

中国银行BC

中国工商银行ICBC

中国交通银行BCM

中国建设银行CCB

中国邮政储蓄PSBC

招商银行CMBC

中国民生银行CMBC / CMSB

汇丰银行HSBC

有效地，不变的firm ,binding

生产力，生产量capacity

通知notification

发送dispatch

被你方同意/通过meet with your

approval

We will dispatch the product within 3

months after receipt of L/C.

We have enclosed the latest quotation

for the product.

电子计算器electronic calculator

电熨斗electric iron

电暖气electric heater

包裹parcel post

合理的价格reasonable price

成本价cost price

实际价格actual price

平均价格average price

最低价格floor/ bottom price

最高价格ceiling price

竞争价格competitive price

折扣价格discount price

优惠价格favorable price

法定价格legal price

零售价格retail price

批发价格wholesale price

单价unit price

净价net price

现行/当前价格prevailing price

市价current/market/ruling price

售价selling price

特价special price

值，划算value

sth. Is really good value.

倘若Provided

以..价格at the price

__%的特别折扣special discount for__%

年度的需求量annual requirement 对于数量是_的订单，我们给予_%的特别折扣on order for _or more we allow a special discount for_%

数量折扣quantity discount

现金折扣cash discount

季节性折扣seasonal discount

大量的a large quantity of

地毯（小的）rug

地毯（大的）carpet

羊毛毯woolen carpet

式样pattern

购买purchase

老主顾，常客regular customer

在 A 和B之间浮动变化ranging from A to B

平方英尺square foot

特殊的，例外的exceptional

有现货sth. be in stock

无现货sth. be out of stock

充分利用，占…便宜take full advantage of it

代表，代表处Representative

番茄酱ketchup

待售for sale

非卖品not for sale

总部，总公司headquarters /head office/parent company

分公司branch

子公司subsidiary

贴布告，发帖post

无菌的aseptic [?'septik]

散装in bulk

有意购买者serious buyer

业务从…转向…shift our business from… to …

修改样品以买方确认为准modify the sample subject to buyer’s final confirmation

无利可图leave us almost no profit 试订单trail order

续订单repeat order

固定/日常订单regular order

延期交货（订单）back order To place an (a trail) order with sb. for

sth.

服装garment

对…达成协议agree on (upon) sth.

与某人达成协议agree with sb.

最终目的地final destination

按照规定的as state

英国币制Sterling ['st?:li?]

经纪人broker

即期装运prompt shipment

货物consignment

符合conform、comply with

满意… find sth. satisfactory

立刻without delay

床单bed sheet

枕头套pillow cases

床垫mattress

符合，与…一致in accordance with

决定试订购100吨大豆place a trial

order with you for 100 tons soil

beans.

罢工Dockers’ strike

白木耳white fungus

处理execute/ fulfill/ work on/process

告知某人某事inform sb. of sth.

让某人一直了解某事keep sb.

informed of sth.

…收到了，谢谢received with

thanks

原料raw materials

原油crude oil

原产地place of origin

有订单任务be committed to orders

我们订货任务繁重/我们接受的订

单过多we are heavily committed to

other orders.

Commitment

Due to our heavy commitment, we

are unable to accept your order.

预先in advance

推迟某方面ask for delay in sth.

加速speed up

卸货unload

成交确认书Sales confirmation

S.O

订购单P.O. purchase order

形式发票Proforma Invoice

会签countersign

偏离deviations

变化variation

如果…发生in the event of

为…负责be responsible for…

对…应负有责任be liable for…

不可抗力Force Majeure

不测事件，意外事故contingency

取消cancellation

更改modification

起于arise from

磋商consultation

与…有关，连同be connection with

中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会

China International Economic and

Trade Arbitration

中国国际贸易促进委员会China

Council for the Promotion of

International Trade

暂行议事条例Provisional Rules

仲裁裁决arbitral award

交货条款conditions of delivery

出发日期date of departure

交货期限time frames

账号account No.

盖公章Seal

余额balance

收支平衡表balance sheet

出口许可证号export license No.

银行国际代码SWIFT CODE

散装货bulk cargo（不可数）

裸装货nude cargo（可数）

包装货packed cargo

外包装outer packing

运输包装shipping packing

桶barrel

捆bundle

集装箱container

整装货FCL/ Full container load

拼箱LCL/ Less than container load

整装整交FCL/ FCL

整装散交FCL/LCL

散装整交LCL/ FCL

散装散交LCL/ LCL

内包装inner packing

销售/消费/零售包装consumer

packing

喷雾spray

商标trademark

品牌brand

根据，符合in compliance with

防震，抗震shake-proof

瓦楞纸板，波状纸板corrugated paper board ['k?ruɡeitid]

硬纸盒carton

内衬lined with

免费free of charge

运输中in transit

木箱wooden case

柳条筐wicker basket

符合，依照be in line with

市场优先/偏好market preference

增强，加固reinforce

如果on condition that

运输标志shipping mark

指示性标志Indicative mark

易碎品Fragile

防湿Keep dry

向上，由下向上Upward

此端向上this side up

小心轻放handle with care

勿倒置keep upright

警告性标志warning mark

易燃固体Inflammable solid

易燃液体Inflammable liquid

易燃气体Inflammable gas

有毒物poison

爆炸品explosive

自燃物品spontaneously combustible 有机氧化物Organic peroxide

氧化剂Oxidizing agent ['?ksidaizi?]

放射性物品Radioactive

腐蚀性物品corrosive [k?'r?usiv]

批号，批数batch number

运单号waybill

注意see to it that

海洋运输保险Ocean Marine Insurance

陆上运输保险Land Transit Insurance

航空运输保险Air transportation Insurance

邮包运输保险Parcel Post Insurance 保险代理人insurance agent

保险金额insurance amount

保险契约/合同insurance clause

保险范围insurance coverage

保险单（完整，大保单）insurance policy 保险证明书（小保单）insurance

certificate

保险费insurance premium

中国人民保险公司P.I.C.C.

太平洋保险公司C.P.I.C.

保险公司insurer /insurance

company/ underwriter

保险受益人，被保险人the insured

险别risks

基本险basic risks

平安险FPA free from particular

average

水渍险WPA with particular average

一切险All Risks

附加险extraneous/ additional risks

偷窃、提货不到险TPND /theft

pilferage and non-delivery risk

淡水雨淋险FWRD / RFWD /fresh

water rain damage risk

特殊附加险special additional risks

战争险War Risk

罢工、暴工、民变险SRCC/ strikes,

riots and civil commotions

黄曲霉素险Aflatoxin [,?fl?'t?ksin]

交货不到险Failure to Delivery

投保…险insure / cover against…

投保金额是… insure for (+money)

保险率是…insure the goods at the

rate of _%

跟…投保insure with…

为…（货物）投保cover an insurance

on/ for …

代表on one’s behalf

随…而变化vary with

范围extent

额外保险费extra premium

完成through with

预约保险单open policy

正式手续formality

仓库warehouse

记到某人的账户charge…to one’s

account = charge… to the account of

sb.

（经核准的）保险证书副本

certified copy

（事实）既然如此such being the

case

要求call for

修改amend

电冰箱、冷藏库refrigerator

卸货discharge/ unloading

(一笔)金额为… in the sum of

预定做某事，计划做某事be

scheduled to do / be due to do sth.

委托人consignor

承运人carrier

收件人，受托人consignee

租船charter a ship

班轮运输liner transport

固定船期fixed sailing schedule

固定航线fixed sea route

固定港口fixed ports

固定运费率fixed freight rate

租船运输tramp

程租船voyage charter

单程租船single voyage charter

往返程租return voyage charter

定期租船time charter

租舱位charter the shipping space

租船合同/契约charter party

提单Bill of Loading B/L

货物备妥通知notification of

readiness / notice of cargo readiness

发货通知shipping advice

重型起重机heavy lifts

40天前发出确切/肯定通知give 40

days definite notice/advice

买卖的特权（…的特权）option on sth.

/ the right to do sth.

升降机（载运重件船）lifter

达成交易，签合同conclude

暂时地，临时地provisionally

随函herewith

订舱单booking note

查阅refer to

租船方Merchant

具有执行全球贸易的有效证件

with valid certificates for worldwide

以…为条件subject to

背面reverse side

空舱费deadfreight

滞期费demurrage

取代，代替supersede

担任act as

吊机（架）leg section

照顾attend to

漂浮着，浮泊afloat

尺寸，体积dimension

运费率freight rate

定于…时做某事be expected to do sth.

委派某人做某事appoint sb. to do sth.

指派，派船nominate vessel

预期可到达时间ETA

预期可出发时间ETD

码头dock

(船)开往sail for

应到的，预期的due to

某物用某船运输sth. has been shipped by m.v. __

一式一份in one copy

一式两份in duplicate

一式三份in triplicate

一式四、五、六份in four/ five/ six copies

正本，原本original

国际贸易实务练习答案

《国际贸易实务》习题答案第一章导论一、解释名词国际贸易是指在一国以上从事的商品交换活动。国际贸易究其具体活动而言，主要包括国际货物贸易、国际技术贸易、国际服务贸易和国际投资。国际贸易实务从学科的角度来看，《国际贸易实务》是一门主要研究国际货物买卖的具体过程以及相关活动内容与商务运作规范化的学科，也是一门具有涉外商务活动特点的实践性很强的综合性应用学科。从贸易活动来看，国际贸易实务是指国际商品交换或买卖的作业活动，包括进口和出口二个业务环节。货物买卖合同（sales contract of goods）是买卖合同中的一种，它买卖的是货物而不是其他东西。货物买卖合同一般是两个或两个以上的当事人，就指定的货物所有权，由卖方有偿地转让给买方而达成的协议。二、问答题 1.国际货物买卖有哪些特点？国际货物买卖业务具有以下特点：第一，国际货物买卖活动的困难大于国内货物买卖。这主要表现在：交易双方语言不通；法律、风俗习惯不同；贸易过程中障碍相对较多；市场调查不方便或不容易，难以了解交易伙伴的资信状况；交易技术复杂，交易洽谈不易等等。第二，国际货物买卖活动涉及的要素比国内货物贸易复杂。这主要便现在：国际货物买卖活动一般路途遥远，运输困难，往往会受到自然灾害等因素的影响；各国度量衡制度不同、商业习惯不一样、海关制度等相关贸易法规也不相同；国际市场汇率波动较大等。使得国际货物买卖活动中保险、商检、索赔和理赔难度加大。第三，国际货物买卖活动的风险要比国内货物买卖大。这主要表现在：交易双方的成交量大，交易金额大，如有闪失，企业会面临破产的境地；此外，国际货物买卖活动还要承受政治风险、信用风险、海盗风险等等，这些都加大了国际货物买卖活动的风险。第四，国际货物买卖活动的营销手段比国内货物买卖活动更多。这主要便现在：除了通常的产品、价格、渠道、促销四大组合外，还有政治力量、公共关系以及其他的超经济、超国家的手段等。贸易参与者更多，立法人员、政府代理人、政党、社会团体也同样会参与进来。因而，国际货物买卖活动的行动规模与关系的微妙都是国内贸易所难以相比的。第五，函电、电子邮件往来为主要业务沟通形式。由于国际货物买卖活动中交易各方相隔甚远，面对面沟通只能通过展销会或出过推销等形式进行。因此，绝大多数的交易都是通过信函、电子邮件往来传递信息的。有的交易甚至从头至尾双方都未曾谋面过，全凭一纸信函的沟通。 2.国际货物买卖合同由哪几部分构成？具体包括哪些条款？（1）合同的主体，及当事人是买方或卖方。（2）合同的客体，即标的物是货物。（3）合同的主要内容，即主要的权利和义务是卖方交付货物，买方接受货物并支付价金。而且一方的权利也是另一方的义务，双方的权利和义务是对等的。 3.合法、有效的合同应具备哪些要素？（1）合同当事人具有行为能力（2）合同必须有对价或合法的约因（3）合同内容必须合法（4）合同必须符合法律规定的形式（5）双方当事人的合意必须真实。 4.国际货物买卖合同纠纷的法律适用应按哪些办法来确定？国际货物买卖合同的法律适用有以下几种情况：第一，适用当事人选择的国家的法律。第二，适用与合同有最密切联系国家的法津。如果当事人没有选择适用国家的法律，则适用与合同有最密切联系的国家法律。至于与合同有最密切联系的国家，则应视合同的具体情形由受理合同争议的仲裁机构或法院确定。例如，我国境内的某专业公司与一美国境内的百货公司在长春签订了一份纺织品买卖合同，价格条件是大连港船上交货。合同中并未提及该合同所适用的法律，但由于该合同的缔约地在长春，履约地在大连，均在中国填内，按国际私法的一般规则，可以认为中国与该合同有最密切的联系，应当适用中国法律。当然，本例也可适用某一国际贸易惯例或某一国际条约。第三，适用国际贸易惯例。国际贸易惯例是指在国际贸易长期实践中形成的、为国际社会所普遍接受的通行做法和解释，但在法律上没有明文规定。 5.进出口业务的基本操作程序如何？就进出口企业而言，履行出口合同的工作主要包括：按照合同备妥货物，如系采用信用证方式收汇的交易，要向客户催开信用证并于收到后根据合同进行审核，发现不符又不能接受的，应立即通知客户修改；然后向运输机构办理委托运输和装运等手续，其中包括租船（订舱）、报检、报关、保险、装船（或其他运输

国际商务函电术语翻译!

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