六类布线标准内容英文资料及翻译

The Specification of Field T est Requirements

for a Balanced T wisted-Pair Cabling System I. Cat 6 Installation: field test requirements upon completion of the installation

A. General Requirements

1. Every cabling link in the installation shall be tested in accordance with the field test

specifications defined in the most recent draft of the “Transmission Performance Specifications for 4-pair 100 ? Category 6 Cabling” under development by the Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA). At the time of this writing, PN-3727 TIA/EIA Draft Standard – Draft 7, dated August 23, 2000 represents the most recent version. This document will be referred to as the “TIA Cat 6 Draft Standard.”

2. The installed twisted-pair horizontal links shall be tested from the IDF in the

telecommunications room to the telecommunication wall outlet in the work area against the “Permanent Link ” performance limits specification as defined in the TIA Cat 6 Draft Standard.

3. 100% of the installed cabling links must be tested and must pass the requirements of

the standards mentioned in I.A.2 above and as further detailed in Section I.B. Any failing link must be diagnosed and corrected. The corrective action shall be followed with a new test to prove that the corrected link meets the performance requirements.

The final and passing result of the tests for all links shall be provided in the test results documentation in accordance with Section I.C below.

4. Trained technicians who have successfully attended an appropriate training program

and have obtained a certificate as proof thereof shall execute the tests. Appropriate

training programs include but are not limited to installation certification programs provided by BiCSi or the ACP (Association of Cabling Professionals).

5. The test equipment (tester) shall comply with the accuracy requirements for the

proposed level III field testers as defined in the TIA Cat 6 Draft Document. The tester including the appropriate interface adapter must meet the specified accuracy requirements. The accuracy requirements for the permanent link test configuration (baseline accuracy plus adapter contribution) are specified in Table B.2 of Annex B of the TIA Cat 6 Draft Standard. (Table B.3 in this TIA document specifies the accuracy requirements for the Channel configuration.)

6. The tester shall be within the calibration period recommended by the vendor in order

to achieve the vendor-specified measurement accuracy.

7. The tester interface adapters must be of high quality and the cable shall not show any

twisting or kinking resulting from coiling and storing of the tester interface adapters.

In order to deliver optimum accuracy, preference is given to a permanent link interface adapter for the tester that can be calibrated to extend the reference plane of the Return Loss measurement to the permanent link interface. The contractor shall provide proof that the interface has been calibrated within the period recommended by the vendor. To ensure that normal handling on the job does not cause measurable Return Loss change, the adapter cord cable shall not be of twisted-pair construction.

8. The Pass or Fail condition for the link-under-test is determined by the results of the

required individual tests (detailed in Section I.B). Any Fail or Fail* result yields a Fail for the link-under-test. In order to achieve an overall Pass condition, the results for each individual test parameter must Pass or Pass*.

9. A Pass or Fail result for each parameter is determined by comparing the measured

values with the specified test limits for that parameter. The test result of a parameter

shall be marked with an asterisk (*) when the result is closer to the test limit than the accuracy of the field tester. The field tester manufacturer must provide documentation as an aid to interpret results marked with asterisks.

Optional Requirements:

10. A representative of the end-user shall be invited to witness field testing. The

representative shall be notified of the start date of the testing phase 5 business days before testing commences.

11. A representative of the end-user will select a random sample of 5% of the installed

links. The representative (or his authorized delegate) shall test these randomly selected links and the results are to be stored in accordance with the prescriptions in Section

I.C. The results obtained shall be compared to the data provided by the installation

contractor. If more than 2% of the sample results differ in terms of the pass/fail determination, the installation contractor under supervision of the end-user representative shall repeat 100% testing and the cost shall be borne by the installation contractor.

B. Performance T est Parameters

The test parameters for Cat 6 are defined in TIA Cat 6 Draft standard, which refers to the TIA/EIA-568-B.2standard. The test of each link shall contain all of the following parameters as detailed below. In order to pass the test all measurements (at each frequency in the range from 1 MHz through 250 MHz) must meet or exceed the limit value determined in the above-mentioned draft standard.

[Optional Requirement –can only be combined with option (a) in Section I.C.6.] Each parameter shall be measured from 1 through 350 MHz and all of these measurement points

are to recorded in the test results information as detailed in Section I.C.6.

1. Wire Map

Wire Map shall report Pass if the wiring of each wire-pair from end to end is determined to be correct.The Wire Map results shall include the continuity of the shield connection if present.

2. Length

The field tester shall be capable of measuring length of all pairs of a basic link or channel based on the propagation delay measurement and the average value for NVP ( 1 ). The physical length of the link shall be calculated using the pair with the shortest electrical delay. This length figure shall be reported and shall be used for making the Pass/Fail decision. The Pass/Fail criteria are based on the maximum length allowed for the Permanent Link configuration (90 meters – 295 feet) plus 10% to allow for the variation and uncertainty of NVP.

3. Insertion Loss (Attenuation)

Insertion Loss is a measure of signal loss in the permanent link or channel. The term “Attenuation” has been used to designate “Insertion Loss.” Insertion Loss shall be tested from 1 MHz through 250 MHz in

maximum step size of 1 MHz. It is preferred to measure insertion loss at the same frequency intervals as NEXT Loss in order to provide a more accurate calculation of the Attenuation-to-Crosstalk ratio (ACR) parameter.

Minimum test results documentation (summary results): Identify the worst wire pair

(1 of 4 possible).The test results for the worst wire pair must show the highest

attenuation value measured (worst case), the frequency at which this worst case value occurs, and the test limit value at this frequency

4. NEXT Loss

Pair-to-pair near-end crosstalk loss (abbreviated as NEXT Loss) shall be tested for each wire pair combination from each end of the link (a total of 12 pair combinations). This parameter is to be measured from 1 through 250 MHz. NEXT Loss measures the crosstalk disturbance on a wire pair at the end from which the disturbance signal is transmitted (near-end) on the disturbing pair. The maximum step size for NEXT Loss measurements shall not exceed the maximum step size defined in the draft standard as shown in Table 1, column 2.

Minimum test results documentation (summary results): Identify the wire pair combination that exhibits the worst case NEXT margin ( 2 ) and the wire pair combination that exhibits the worst value of NEXT (worst case). NEXT is to be measured from each end of the link-under-test. These wire pair combinations must be identified for the tests performed from each end. Each reported case shall include the frequency at which it occurs as well as the test limit value at this frequency.

5. PSNEXT Loss

Power Sum NEXT Loss shall be evaluated and reported for each wire pair from both ends of the link-under- test (a total of 8 results). PSNEXT Loss captures the combined near-end crosstalk effect (statistical) on a wire pair when all other pairs actively transmit signals. Like NEXT this test parameter must be evaluated from 1 through 250 MHz and the step size may not exceed the maximum step size defined in the draft standard as shown in Table 1, column 2.

Minimum test results documentation (summary results): Identify the wire pair that exhibits the worst case margin and the wire pair that exhibits the worst value for PSNEXT. These wire pairs must be identified for the tests performed from each end.

Each reported case shall include the frequency at which it occurs as well as the test limit value at this frequency.

6. ELFEXT Loss, pair-to-pair

Pair-to-pair FEXT Loss shall be measured for each wire-pair combination from both ends of the link-under-test. FEXT Loss measures the crosstalk disturbance on a wire pair at the opposite end (far-end) from which the transmitter emits the disturbing signal on the disturbing pair. FEXT is measured to compute ELFEXT Loss that must be evaluated and reported in the test results. ELFEXT measures the relative strength of the far-end crosstalk disturbance relative to the attenuated signal that arrives at the end of the link. This test yields 24 wire pair combinations. ELFEXT is to be measured from 1 through 250 MHz and the maximum step size for FEXT Loss measurements shall not exceed the maximum step size defined in the draft standard as in Table 1, column 2.

Minimum test results documentation (summary results): Identify the wire pair combination that exhibits the worst case margin and the wire pair combination that exhibits the worst value for ELFEXT. These wire pairs must be identified for the tests performed from each end. Each reported case shall include the frequency at which it occurs as well as the test limit value at this frequency.

7. PSELFEXT Loss

Power Sum ELFEXT is a calculated parameter that combines the effect of the FEXT disturbance from three wire pairs on the fourth one. This test yields 8 wire-pair combinations. Each wire-pair is evaluated from 1 through 250 MHz in frequency increments that do not exceed the maximum step size defined in the draft standard as shown in Table 1, column 2.

Minimum test results documentation (summary results): Identify the wire pair that exhibits the worst case margin and the wire pair that exhibits the worst value for PSELFEXT. These wire pairs must be identified for the tests performed from each end.

Each reported case shall include the frequency at which it occurs as well as the test limit value at this frequency

8. Return Loss

Return Loss (RL) measures the total energy reflected on each wire pair. Return Loss is to be measured from both ends of the link-under-test for each wire pair. This parameter is also to be measured form 1 through 250 MHz in frequency increments that do not exceed the maximum step size defined in the draft standard as shown in Table 1, column 2.

Minimum test results documentation (summary results): Identify the wire pair that exhibits the worst case margin and the wire pair that exhibits the worst value for Return Loss. These wire pairs must be identified for the tests performed from each end. Each reported case shall include the frequency at which it occurs as well as the test limit value at this frequency.

9. ACR (Attenuation to crosstalk ratio) [This parameter is not demanded by the draft

standard but may be required in order to obtain the premise wiring manufacturer’s warranty]

ACR provides an indication of bandwidth for the two wire-pair network applications.

ACR is a computed parameter that is analogous to ELFEXT and expresses the signal to noise ratio for a two wire-pair system. This calculation yields 12 combinations – six from each end of the link.

Minimum test results documentation (summary results): Identify the wire pair combination that exhibits the worst case margin and the wire pair combination that exhibits the worst value for ACR. These wire pair ombinations must be identified for the tests performed from each end. Each reported case shall include the frequency at which it occurs as well as the test limit value at this frequency.

10. PSACR [This parameter is not required by the draft standard but may be required in

order to obtain the premise wiring vendor's warranty]

The Power Sum version of ACR is based on PSNEXT and takes into account the combined NEXT disturbance of all adjacent wire pairs on each individual pair. This calculation yields 8 combinations - one for each wire pair from both ends of the link.

Minimum test results documentation (summary results): Identify the wire pair that exhibits the worst case margin and the wire pair that exhibits the worst value for PSACR. These wire pairs must be identified for the tests performed from each end.

Each reported case shall include the frequency at which it occurs as well as the test limit value at this frequency.

11. Propagation Delay

Propagation delay is the time required for the signal to travel from one of the link to the other. This measurement is to be performed for each of the four wire pairs.

Minimum test results documentation (summary results): Identify the wire pair w ith the worst case propagation delay. The report shall include the propagation delay value measured as well as the test limit value.

六类布线标准内容

Ⅰ.六类线安装：安装完成所需的领域测试条件

A. 一般要求

1.每种电缆在安装时都必须测试以检验其是否符合电信行业协会最近起草的标准

“四对六类电缆的传输性能”。在本文写作的同时，最新标准：PN-3727 TIA/EIA-关于七类，在2000年8月23号正式公布，此标准的制定很大程度上要归功于六类布线标准。

2.对绞电缆的水平铺设应该从电信机房到用户墙上的电源插座整个工作区域内对

其寿命进行测试，以检验其是否满足六类布线标准的要求。

3.电缆应该进行100%的测试，并且应能通过上面提到的I.A.2所规定的标准,在某些

细节方面还要参照I.B.。任何失败都应该检验并改正。改良后的线缆应该重新测试以证明其性能已满足设备需要而应用。最后通过测试的线缆应附有测试部门所提供的测试曲线图。

4.成功地叁加一个适当的培训计划并且已经获得一份证书的技术人员应执行测试

标准以校对电缆性能。培训内容应包括但也不仅仅局限于由BiCSi或ACP（电缆行业协会）要求的安装过程。

5.测试设备（技术员）应符合TIA六类布线标准中规定的领域测试中所需要的三级

水平。测试应符合所叙述的准确度要求。永久链路布局的准确性应符合TIA布线标准附录B中表2的要求。其中表3规定了基本链路的性能指标。

6.测量准确性应满足生产商所期望的测量精度。

7.检验装置接口开关必须以高质量检验接口开关的绕线和存储器不能有任何的缠

绕和扭结。为了巩固最佳效果，给检验器连接接口参数的最优方案被校正去扩大提到的这个连接接口参数回波损耗这个平面。交换器必须提供平滑的值，借口必须在变化给定的范围内提供校正。为了保证正常的手工工作不能使回波损耗的测量值改变，开关引线不能设计成对绞结构。

8.测试链路能否通过的条件取决于各自测试的要求(详见I.B.2)。任何失败或接近失

败的结果都将导致测试链路的失败。为了达到标准要求，每个测试参数都必须通过或接近通过最低要求。

9.每个参数通过或失败的结果取决于测量值与给定的参数测试精度要求的比较。在

测试结果比测试仪器的精度还要接近测试极限时，这个测试值要加（*）来表示。

加了星的测试值要在文档中表明以区别于其它测试值。

选择性要求

10典型的终端使用者应被分成瞬时域检定。这个典型，在测试启动前的测试日期五个工作日内应被强调。

11 一个典型的终端用户可以采取有5%的随机性的安装连接。如果用户（或其授权

人）检测这些随机性的安装，并把结果与I.C.所规定结果相比较，若测试结果与安装前所提供的数据有超过2%的偏差的话，用户有权要求承包商对线路进行全面检测，并且由此而产生的一切多余费用由承包商自己承担。

B.性能测试参数

六类电缆的测试参数在TIA最新六类标准中作了说明，与TIA/EIA-568-B.发标准中大致相同。每一电缆测试时都要包括以下所提到的测试参数。要通过测试，测试结果（频率从1～250MHz）必须达到或超过以上所提到的标准中所规定的最低要求。

[非强制性要求-仅仅与I.C.6所规定的选择性细节相结合]每一个参数都要在1～300MHz内测定，所有频率测量点的结果都要在测试曲线上标出来，以确定其是否满足I.C.6所列条款。

1布线图

布线图中指出其中每一个线对是否具有连贯性以确定其是否安装正确。如果存在屏蔽，其连接点也要连贯。

2长度

现场测试者应能测量所有连接和结点的长度，这个长度是基于结构延时和NVP 的平均值的。连接的物理长度的最小值应是电力延迟最小的那一段。这个长度应该被记录下来并用来做是否通过测试的决定。通过或失败的标准是基于最大的长度的，此长度是申请连接长度（90米-295英尺）加上NVP的不同等不确定性的10% 的损耗决定的。

3插入损耗（衰减）

插入损耗是永久链路中信号衰减的测量。术语“衰减”用来代替“插入损耗”。

插入损耗应该从1～250MHz整个频率范围内测量，并且在1MHz时有最大的曲线跨度。推荐在同一频率点时测量近端串音衰减以计算一个新的参数串音-衰减比（ACR）。

最差测试结果确定（总体结果）：确定最差线对（1/4可能）。最差线对的测量应该是在同等水平下具有最大的衰减（最差事实），在次频率下差生最差效果，测量最差值也会出现在此频率点。

4近端串音衰减

相邻线对同端之间串音衰减（缩写为近端串音衰减）在测量时应考虑到每一种线对组合（共有12种线对组合）。本参数也应从1～250MHz测量。近端串音衰减测量是指同端的其它线对上的干扰信号在某线上产生的串音干扰。近端串音衰减的跨度应不超过最新起草的标准中文2表1中所规定的最大跨度。

最差测试结果确定（总体结果）：确定线对组合的最差近端串音裕度就确定了线对的近端串音衰减的最差的地方（最差事实）。近端串音应该把每一根线端都测试。这些线对组合表现通过每一根线的测试结果来确定。每一份测试报告都应包括最差情况发生时的频率点。

5近端串音衰减功率和

近端串音衰减功率和应该被计算和记录对每一个被测线对的同端口的测量值（共8种组合）。近端串音衰减功率和是所有的其它线对的串音所引起的串音衰减和。像近端串音一样，此项测试也必须从1～250MHz内测量，测试频率跨度也不能超过起草的标准中所规定的最大测试频率跨度。

最差测试结果确定（总体结果）：对每一根线端测量，以确定近端串音功率和最差线对的安全裕度，确定最差线对发生时的频率点，并在测试报告中标出。

6远端串音衰减，线对之间

远端串音衰减应该测量每一个被测端口与其链路。远端串音衰减应该是每一个线对的相对端（远端）之间的串音干扰所引起的衰减。远端到计算机的远端串音衰减应该在测试报告中标出。远端串音衰减加强了远端的串音衰减信号到达线段所产生的串音衰减。这种测试包含有24种组合。远端串音衰减应在之间测量并且最大测量频率跨度不超过新标准中所规定的最大跨度。

最差测试结果确定（总体结果）：确定线对组合的最差远端串音裕度就确定了线对的远端串音衰减的最差的地方（最差事实）。远端串音应该把每一根线端都测试。这些线对组合表现通过每一根线的测试结果来确定。每一份测试报告都应包括最差情况发生时的频率点。

7远端串音衰减功率和

远端串音衰减功率和是指其它三对的远端串音在第四个线对上产生的衰减的和。

此测试也有8种组合形式。此项测试也必须从1～250MHz内测量，测试频率跨度也不能超过起草的标准中所规定的最大测试频率跨度。

最差测试结果确定（总体结果）：确定线对组合的最差裕度就确定了线对的远端串音衰减功率和的最差的地方（最差事实）。远端串音应该把每一根线端都测试。

这些线对组合表现通过每一根线的测试结果来确定。每一份测试报告都应包括最差情况发生时的频率点。

8回波损耗

回波损耗是指总的能量在每一根线上的具体反映。回波损耗应该测量每一个被测线路的两端。此项测试也必须从1～250MHz内测量，测试频率跨度也不能超过起草的标准中所规定的最大测试频率跨度。

最差测试结果确定（总体结果）：确定线对组合的最差裕度就确定了线对的回波损耗的最差的地方（最差事实）。远端串音应该把每一根线端都测试。这些线对组合表现通过每一根线的测试结果来确定。每一份测试报告都应包括最差情况发生时的频率点。

9串音衰减比[这个参数没有在新标准中规定，但是电线生厂商可能会预先发放委任状要求进行测量]

串音衰减比表示一个对绞线对的带宽。ACR是和远端串音衰减类似的计算参数表示信号在一个对绞线对中的信号噪声比。此参数包括12种组合—每一线端有六种组合。

最差测试结果确定（总体结果）：确定线对组合的最差裕度就确定了线对的串音衰减比的最差的地方（最差事实）。串音衰减比应该把每一根线端都测试。这些线对组合表现通过每一根线的测试结果来确定。每一份测试报告都应包括最差情况发生时的频率点。

10串音衰减比功率和[这个参数没有在新标准中规定，但是电线生厂商可能会预先发放委任状要求进行测量]

串音衰减比功率和是基于近端串音功率和的一种参数，是指邻近的所有的近端串音对此线产生的影响。此参数有8种组合，每一线对的两端都是一种形式。

最差测试结果确定（总体结果）：确定线对组合的最差裕度就确定了线对的串音衰减比功率和的最差的地方（最差事实）。串音衰减比功率和应该把每一根线端都测试。这些线对组合表现通过每一根线的测试结果来确定。每一份测试报告都应包括最差情况发生时的频率点。

11传输延迟

传输延迟是指信号从一根线传输到另一根线所需要的时间。此测量被用于每一个四对绞组线缆。

最差测试结果确定（总体结果）：确定每一根线的传输延迟的最差值，并在测试报告中把测试结果的最差值标出来。