大学英语读写译II 英语笔记汇总

读写译II Unit 1英语笔记
一、sensitivity :n敏感，灵敏度；
1. sensitive：adj 敏感的，灵敏的；神经过敏的，容易生气的，易受伤害的
Eg：Don’t be so sensitive to what people think of you.别太敏感人们是怎么看你的。
2．Sense：n感知，理智，判断力
vt 感到，理解，意识到
Eg: A dog has a good sense of smell.狗的嗅觉很灵敏。
I can sense the tension before the exam.我可以感觉到考试前紧张的气氛。
短语搭配：
a、 come to one’s sense:恢复理性，醒悟过来；（昏迷后）苏醒过来
b、in a sense:从某种意义上说
c、talk sense：说话有理
d、make sense：讲得通，有意义，言之有理
d、have the sense to do...理智做某事（have wisdom to do...）
Eg:He had the good sense to realize that the plan would never work.
二、commitment：n承诺，许诺，保证；信奉，献身；承担的义务；
Eg：Many people don’t want to get married because they are afraid of commitments.许多人不愿意结婚是因为他们害怕承担责任。
1. Commit：vt 把……托付给；犯（错误、罪行等）；使承担义务；调拨……供使用，拔出
Eg：The National Negro Business League started by Booker Washington was committed to the goal of Black economic independence.由布克-华盛顿创办的“全国（美国）黑人商业会社”致力于黑人经济独立的目标。
短语搭配:
a、be committed to...致力于，交付于，献身于；被提交到……
b、commit oneself on...就……表达个人意见
c、commit oneself to...致力于；受……的约束
惯用表达：commit an error / a crime / theft / suicide 做错事/犯罪/偷窃/自杀
三、Acknowledge 承认，承认……的权威（主张）；告知收到，确认；报偿
Eg：Michael Jordan was acknowledge as the best baskeball player in the NBA.迈克尔.乔丹是公认的前NBA最佳篮球选手。
四、Code of conduct：行为规范
1、code ：n密码，代码；准则，法规；vt把……编码
Eg:In the falmYou’ve Got Mail,the heroine Katherine’s online code is “salesgirl”.在电影《电子情缘》中，女主角凯瑟琳的网上代码是“女售货员”。
五、Empathy:同情、同感
Eg:She has little empathy with the poor.
六、Conflict: n 冲突，抵触，争论；战斗，战争；vi 冲突，抵触
Eg:Military conflicts are very frequent in the west bank of Jordan River and Gaza Strip.约旦河西岸和加沙地带武装冲突频繁。
a、短语：in conflict with... 与...相冲突、相矛盾
b、近义词解析：
conflict：指“由于严重不一致而引起抵触或冲突”
flight：原意指“打仗”、“战斗”，指“任何形式的斗争”
struggle：本意是“挣扎”，指“克服某种障碍或困难以达达到某种目的”
七、intervene：v
1. 插进；介入；介于中间；发生于其间：
to intervene between two o

bjects插入两物体之间
2. 干涉；干预：
to intervene in the internal affairs of other countries干涉别国内政
3. 调停；斡旋：
to intervene in a dispute调停争端
4. 阻挠；阻碍；干扰；打扰：
Eg:I shall come if nothing intervenes.如果没什么别的事我会来的。
短语：intervene in 干预；插手；调停
sth intervene （事情，情形）发生（阻碍某事）
if……laziness hadn’t invervened 要不是懒惰的话
八、remote：.相隔很远的；遥远的； 偏僻的；边远的；(时间)久远的； 关系远的，关系不密切的； (亲戚)远房的； 疏远的；冷淡的
Eg:Nowadays tractors are used even in remote mountainous regions.现在连偏僻的山区也用上了拖拉机。
九、stun ：v
1. 使不省人事，把…打昏
Eg：He was stunned at the bad news.那条噩耗令他昏了过去。
2. 使大吃一惊，使目瞪口呆；使震惊：
Eg:Her wit stunned the audience.她的风趣令观众赞叹不已。
3. (噪声等)使震耳欲聋，把…吵得茫然发聩：
Eg:Would you turn down your radio? I was stunned.你能把收音机的声音关小点吗? 我都快被震聋了。
4. 使震惊；使不知所措:
Eg:The world was stunned by the vicious defamation.这种恶意诽谤令世界震惊。
十、 rather than：不是…而是…；与其说…不如说…
Eg:I, rather than you, should do the work.该做这工作的是我，而不是你。
短语：
rather than胜于
Rather you than me你比我强多了；你比我行
rather die than surrender宁死不屈
rather more than不少于
Rather die than live生不如死
十一、shrug sth off: dismiss sth as being unimportant 认为不重要，不予理会，摆脱
Eg:I admire the way she is able to shrug off unfair criticism.我很佩服她能对错误的批评意见不予理会。
十二、1、elbow sb(out of the way)/aside ；push sb to one side with with the elbows 用肘将某人推到一边
Eg:He elbows me out of the way.他用肘部把我挤到一边。
2、elbow one’s way into/through sth 用肘朝某一方向强行开路
Eg:He elbowed his way through the crowd.他用肘开路，从人群中挤出。
十三、resign: vt
1. 放弃(要求等)；让出(工作任务等)：
to resign one's hope放弃希望
Eg:She resigned her seat to an old woman.她把座位让给一位老太太。
2. 辞去(职务等)：
Eg:He resigned his post as chief engineer.他辞去了总工程师的职务。
3. 把…委托给(常与to连用)：
Eg;She resigned her baby to the care of her neighbour.她把婴儿托付给邻居照管。
4. [resign oneself]使顺从；使听任(摆布)；使甘心(忍受)(常与to连用)：
to resign oneself to another's control听从他人的摆布
听任；顺从(常与to连用)：
to resign to one's fate听天由命
十四、out of rang:out of my experience understanding or expertise.某人能力所不能及的，非自己知识范围内的
Eg:I am s

orry,but what you ask is out of my range.
十五、appeal to:
a. 恳求
Eg：He appealed to us for support.他恳求我们的支持
b. 吸引
Eg:Beijing opera does not appeal to some young people.京剧对一些年轻人来说没有吸引力。
十六、evolve：vt.
1. 使逐步形成；使逐渐发展，逐渐展开；设计出，做出，制订：
to evolve a scheme制订(或发展)一项计划
2. 阐明；引(申)出；推论出，推断出，推定(事实等)：
to evolve the truth from a mass of confused evidence由大量庞杂的证据中推断事实
3. 释放，释出，放(射)出，散出，发出(气体、气味、热等)：
to evolve a nice smell发出香味
4. 【生物学】进化形成；发育成：
The organism was evolved from …生物是由…进化而成的。
十七、dread vt.
1. 怕，害怕，恐怕，恐惧，畏惧，深惧；不敢：
to dread death怕死
to dread being ill害怕生病
2. 担忧，担心，忧虑，愁：
Eg:He dreaded that his wife would find out.他很怕他妻子发现。
3. 不愿(做、会见或经历)，厌恶：
Eg:I dread going to the dancing parties.我讨厌参加舞会。
十八、one another： 互相，彼此；互相，彼此(两人或更多人之间)
Eg:They do this by sending messages to one another.它们通过相互发送消息来这样做。
短语:one another互相one to another一个到另一个；每一个夜晚；一个向另一个
from one to another从这到另一个
And One After Another一个接一个
十九、reward：n.报答；报应； 酬金；赏金；奖金；奖品；补偿； 收益；赢利
vt.
1. 酬谢；奖赏：
The school rewarded him with a prize for excellence in his studies.他因学习成绩优秀而受到学校的奖赏。
2. 报答；报应：
How can I reward you for your kindness?我怎样才能报答你的好意呢?
3. 值得：
His bad behaviour rewards attention.他的恶劣行为值得注意。
短语
in reward作为报答；作为报酬；奖赏；酬谢
The Reward奖赏；按理说
Post Reward发布悬赏
二十、dump
vt.
1. 猛地扔下，使砰地落下；沉重地放下：
Eg;Dump the topsoil here.把表土倒在这里。
2．把…倒空；(倾斜或翻过来)倾倒：
Eg;Just dump everything over there. I'll sort it out later.把所有东西都倒在那边，我以后再清理。
3.扔掉，倒掉：
Eg;She dumped her old car at the side of the road.她把自己的旧汽车抛在路边。
4. 大批发出，大量放出：
to dump commercials on television shows.在电视节目中大量播放商业广告



读写译II Unit4 英语笔记
mission代表团；使命；官方使命；布道所
v.给…交代任务；派遣；把任务交给；向…传教
复数: missions 第三人称单数: missions 过去式: missioned 过去分词: missioned 现在分词: missioning

双语例句
1.A powerful sense of mission underpins everything he does.
一种强烈的使命感支撑

他所做的一切。
2.A Chinese trade mission has been dispatched to Japan.
一个中国贸易代表团已被派往日本。
3.The scouts started off on their mission on a stormy night.
侦察兵们在一个雷雨之夜出发去执行任务。
stern
.严厉的，严峻的；坚定的，不动摇的；严肃的
n.船尾，艉；末端；斯坦恩，英语男子名
复数: sterns 比较级: sterner 最高级: sternest

双语例句
1.The ship was in a blaze from stem to stern.
整艘船从头到尾都着火了。
2.Even one minute's lateness would earn a stern rebuke.
哪怕迟到一分钟也将受到严厉的斥责。
3.The headmaster ruled the school with a stern discipline.
校长治校严谨。
pressed紧缺的；（食物）压成某种形状的；压平的；金钱（或空间、时间等） 有限
v.按( press的过去式和过去分词 )；逼迫；压榨；使紧贴

双语例句
1.The man was pressed to pay off his debt.
那人被逼还债。
2.He pressed down the accelerator pedal of his car.
他踩下汽车的加速器踏板。
3.He pressed hard on the brake but nothing happened.
他使劲往下踩刹车，但没有发生作用。
gregarious爱交际的，合群的；群居

双语例句
1.These animals are highly gregarious.
这些动物非常喜欢群居。
2.They are gregarious birds and feed in flocks.
它们是群居鸟类，会集群觅食。
3.Bert is a voluble, gregarious man.
伯特是个能说会道、善于交际的人。
permanent永久（性）的，永恒的，不变的，耐久的，持久的，经久的；稳定的；常务的，常设的
n.电烫发，烫发
复数: permanents

双语例句
1.The arrangement was put on a permanent footing earlier this year.
今年年初就确定了这一安排是长期性的。
2.The photos will be a permanent memento of your wedding.
这些照片会成为你婚礼的永久纪念。
3.Of all her admirers the most permanent was Sir John.
在她所有的爱慕者当中，约翰爵士最有恒心。
breach破坏；破裂；缺口；违背
vt.攻破；破坏，违反
复数: breaches 第三人称单数: breaches 过去式: breaching 过去分词: breached 现在分词: breached

双语例句
1.Whenever there is danger, he always stands in the breach.
每逢遇到危险，他总是首当其冲。
2.Telling the story was a flagrant breach of trust.
说谎是一种可耻的破坏信誉的行为。
3.He was the first to mount the breach in the city wall.
他首先登上城墙豁口。
subsequent后来的；随后的；作为结果而发生的；附随的

双语例句
1.The story will be continued in subsequent issues of the magazine.
小说将继续在以后几期杂志上连载。
2.Subsequent events verified that his judgement was at fault.
接着发生的事件证实了他的判断有误。
3.His illness was subsequent to his wife's death.
他在妻子死后就病倒了。
due预定；适当的；应有

的；由于
n.应有的权利，应得到的东西；应缴款（如俱乐部会费）
adv.直接地，直达地；[古语] 适当地
复数: dues

双语例句
1.The boss gave him the push due to his careless work.
由于他工作不细心，老板解雇了他。
2.I received nothing except what was due to me.
除了我应得的东西，我并未接受任何东西。
3.Due to low investment, industrial output has remained stagnant.
由于投资少，工业生产一直停滞不前。
instinct本能，天性；冲动；天资，天才
adj.深深地充满着
复数: instincts

双语例句
1.He had an unerring instinct for when people were lying to him.
他具有准确的直觉，能判断别人什么时候是在说谎。
2.The nesting instinct is proper to birds.
筑巢是鸟类的本能。
3.Every woman has maternal instinct.
每个妇女都有母性的天性。
uniform制服；军服；通讯中用以代表字母 u 的词
adj.（形状，性质等）一样的；规格一致的；始终如一的
v.使规格一律；使均一；使穿制服
复数: uniforms

双语例句
1.The soldiers were in full uniform for the review.
士兵们身着全套军礼服准备接受检阅。
2.He really cuts a dash in his smart new uniform.
他穿着漂亮的新制服真是神气十足。
3.he was wearing the regulation uniform of tunic, hat and tie.
她穿着标准制服：外衣、帽子和领带。
apprehension不安，忧虑，忧惧；理解（力），领悟，了解；拘捕
复数: apprehensions

双语例句
1.There were still areas of doubt and her apprehension grew.
有些地方仍然存疑，于是她越来越担心。
2.They were filled with apprehension as they approached the building.
他们走近那幢建筑时，內心充满了恐惧。
3.School reports are always received with some apprehension.
领取成绩报告单总是让人有些担心。
local地方的；当地的，本地的；局部的；褊狭的
n.慢车；本地居民（律师、教士、医生）；住处附近的当地酒店；本地新闻
复数: locals

双语例句
1.Local folklore has it that prehistoric men drove cattle over these cliffs.
当地民间传说中称，史前人类把野牛从这些悬崖上驱赶下去。
2.Some of his paintings are on show in the local art gallery.
他的一些画正在当地的一些艺术馆展出。
3.You can cast your vote at the local polling station.
你可以在当地的投票站投票。
clamorous喧嚷的，吵闹的；大声要求（或抗议）的；闹哄哄；聒噪

双语例句
1.They are clamorous for better pay.
他们吵吵嚷嚷要求增加工资。
2.The clamorous hunger in his belly seemed to justify him.
他肚中的辘辘饥肠似乎就是他的理由。
3.The waterfall seemed unusually clamorous too.
而瀑布也似乎分外的。向了。
ancestor祖先，祖宗；被继承人；原型；（动物的）原种，先祖
复数: ancestors

双语例句
1.This machine is the ancestor of the modern computer.
这台机器是现代电脑的始祖。
2.Man was evolved from an ancestor that was probably arboreal.
人大概是从住在树上的祖先进化而来的。
3.She has worshipped her ancestor.
她已拜过她的祖先。
burrowed挖掘（洞穴），挖洞( burrow的过去式和过去分词 )；翻寻

双语例句
1.The rabbits burrowed into the hillside.
兔子在山腰上打洞。
2.She burrowed her head into my shoulder.
她把头紧靠在我的肩膀上。
3.Scarlett burrowed her head in the dusty upholstery and screamed again.
思嘉趴在满是尘土的软垫上，又大喊起来。




读写译II Unit 5英语笔记

1.boredom【厌烦，乏味，无聊】=the state of being bored.

eg: She did’t no attempt to conceal her boredom. 她没有试图掩饰她的无聊。

bore【adj.使（sb）感到厌烦（因单调或乏味）】=make(sb) feel tired or uninterested by being dull or tedious.

eg: I’m bored, Let’go to the cinema. 我闷了，咱们去看电影。





2.relieve【减轻/解除（痛苦、困苦、忧虑）】

Relieve from.从…解除

Relieve of减轻…之…

Eg：Relieve suffering、harding. 解除痛苦、苦难等。

【给（需帮助者、灾区）提供帮助/救援】

eg Relieve the distress caused by earthquake.赈济地震的灾民。





3.Irritate 【使（sb）愤怒、烦恼、急躁】=make(sb)angry,annoyed or impatient

Irritate at.刺激在、在激怒、在刺激

eg: It irritates me to have to shout to be heard. 我得大嚷大叫才能使别人听见，这使我很不快。



4.gossip【n.流言蜚语/闲言碎语】U贬义

eg: Don’t believe all the gossip you hear. 不要相信那些道听途说的话。

【 v.闲聊、传播流言】 gossip (with sb)(about sth)





5.indispensable【不可或缺的/必需的】

Be indispensable 对…必不可少

eg: A good dictionary is indispensable for learning a foreign language.一个好的字典是学习外语必不可少的。



6.Tinge【使sth略受影响】=affect sth slightly Eg: admiration tinged with envy. 稍含妒意的赞美

Tinge sports 请联系

tinge sth(with sth) 【使sth稍染颜色】 eg: hair tinged with grey.有些花白的头发。



7.exception【除外/不包括在内的人或物】

without/no exception无一例外的

the exception 除了…情况

an exception to …的例外

eg:All students without exception must take the English examination.所有的学生都毫无例外的，必须参加考试。





8.Perspective

【不夸大/恰当】eg:He sees things in the right perspective.他观察事物很正确。

in/out of perspective【可见物体的位置、比例正确/不正确】

eg: draw the buildings in perspective. 按照比例画某建筑物

keep view/put/see/ s

th in perspective 【正确看待sth】





9.take advantage of

【充分利用】 eg: They took full advantage of the library’s resources. 他们充分利用图书馆的资源。

【占便宜】 eg: She took advantage of my generosity. 她利用了我的慷慨。





10.in renturn (for sth) 【做为（对某事的）回报】

eg: He is always helping people without expecting anything in renturn.他总是不求回报的帮助别人。



11.Call sb up 【给某人打电话】=telephone sb =call sb

Call on【拜访、访问】

eg：He called me up to tell me about the news.他打电话来告诉我关于那个消息。



12.relatively【adv.相对而言、比较的】=comparatively

Eg: Some firms did perform better than others, but only relatively so.也有一些公司比其他的表现更好，但也只是相对的。

——relative【n.相对性】





13.vice【邪恶、阴谋、坏习惯】

eg:However,drug taking is a vices,not a crime.嗑药只是一个陋习，而不是一种犯罪。

eg:I will be your friend, but not the vice’friend.我愿意做你的朋友，但不是那些恶习的朋友。

vice versa反之亦然





14.betray ————betrayal【n.背叛、辜负、暴露】

【背叛、辜负】eg:He betrayed our trust他辜负了我们的信任。

betray one’s country/principles.背叛自己的国家/原

【无意中显露出（sth）】eg：betray oneself.原形毕露。

eg:She said she was sorry, but her eyes betrayed her secret delight.她说她很难过，但她的眼神却流露出她内心的喜悦。

betray sb/sth (to sb)【(向敌人)出卖某人/泄露sth】

eg:betraying state secrets.泄露国家机密。





15.同义词辨析

character 【性格】

eg:She is a woman of strong character.她是一个性格坚强的人。

temperament 【气质、性情】

eg: Many actors have excitable temperament.

eg: artistic 艺术气质





读写译II Unit 8英语笔记
一、allocate

~sth(to sb/sth)assign sth(to sb/sth)for a special purpose

(为某目的)配给 分配某事物 （给某人 某事物）

例：他给我们每个人都分配了工作

He allocated each of us our tasks\allocated tasks to each of us.



二、exert

1.exert oneself: make an effort 努力、尽力

例：你若想考试及格，就必须更加努力。

You’ll have to exert yourself more if you want to pass your exam.

2.bring (a quality,skill

pressure,etc)into use

用（某特质、技巧、压力等）

例：他用尽一切影响力使他们接受他的计划。

He exerted all his influence to make them accept his plan.



三、diverse

adj：of different kinds ; varied

多种多样的；不同的

例：不同文化背景的人

people from diverse cultures

他的兴趣非常广泛

He interests are very diverse.



四

、competence

being competent ; ability

胜任；能力；任职

例：解决问题的能力

competence in solving problems



五、feedback

Information about a product ,etc

That a user gives back to its

supplier , maker, etc

反馈信息

例：我们需要从消费者那里多得到些反馈信息以提高产品质量。

We need more feedback from the consumer in order to improve our goods

.

六、respond

respond (to sb/sth) (with sth)

give a verbal or written answer

（以口头或书面形式）回答

例：她收到我的信，给我回了个电话。

She responded to my letter with a phone call.

respond (to sth) (with sth)

behave in a similar way

反应、回应、响应

例：我踢了那条狗，它便狂吠起来。

I kicked the dog ,which responded by growling/with a growl.



七、enhance

v. increase (the good qualities of sb/sth)

make (sb/sth)look better 增强（某人/某事物）的优点

使（某人/某事物）看起来更好；提高美化

例：提高某人的身份，声望，地位

Enhance the status , reputation , position

例：她穿那些衣服也并没显得更漂亮。

These clothes do nothing to enhance her appearance

.

八、commandment

n.(a) command；order 戒律；命令

例：obeying God’s commandments

恪守上帝的戒律

Words and phrases:

all thumbs:

—to have difficulty doing something with your hands especially

because you are in a hurry or feel nervous.

—Can you sew this button on for me? I am all thumbs this morning.

—I can’t type at all when people are watching me. I go all thumbs.

—thumbs up/down

when an idea or plan is officially accepted or not accepted.

—In Grampian,80 percent of general pracntioners gave it the thumbs down.

—The question which had been popped earlier on the stadium’s electronic scoreboard ,got the thumbs up.

be under somebody’s thumb:

to be so strongly influenced by someone that they control you completely.

—Judges are under the thumb of the bureaucracy.