视译复习期末考试题

视译复习期末考试题https://www.360docs.net/doc/f37080120.html,work Information Technology Company.2020YEAR

cPassage 1（视译）

美国人强调效率、竞争和独创性，而中国人则将严谨规划放在首位，鼓励团队成员之间的密

切合作和无私奉献。//

在美国学校，讨论享有至高无上的地位，讨论是课堂教学的主旋律；而中国教师喜欢讲课，

喜欢考试，编写千篇一律的标准教案，培养整齐划一的高材生。//

美国人的政治观，经济观以及社会观的核心是个人道德自治观。中国传统的思想体系是以儒

家学说为基础的，这种思想强调整体和谐。//

现在，中美联系比以往更加紧密，中国人学英语，玩保龄球，吃肯德基，美国人学汉语，练

功夫，吃北京烤鸭，《泰坦尼克》驶进中国，《牡丹亭》也在百老汇上演。// American people emphasize efficiency, competition and originality while Chinese people give priority to careful planning and encourage close cooperation and altruistic dedication among team members.//

In American schools, discussion is given top priority while Chinese teachers like to lecture in class, and a lot of them are obsessed with examinations. They write consistent and standardized teaching plans, and are happy with bringing up identical and standardized talents.//

Central to American political, economic and social thought is the concept of individual moral autonomy. Traditional Chinese philosophical / ideological systems are based on Confucianism, which sings high praises for communal harmony.// Nowadays, the relation of China and America become closer than ever. Chinese learn English, play bowling, enjoy K FC, while Americans learn Chinese, exercise Kung Fu, like Peking Duck. And Titanic sailed into China, while The Peony Pavilion has been performed on Broadway.//

Passage 2

我们社会主义市场经济体制的建立和发展，要求我们改革和完善社会福利保障体制，从而对

社会服务提出了更高的要求。//

随着政府职能的转变，原来由政府包揽的许多社会服务工作，有相当一部分将逐步转移到社

会团体和民间组织。//

一方面，政府的宏观管理责任将会变得更加重大。另一方面，社会团体和民间组织有必要参

与更多的社区服务工作。//

这样就提出一个课题：政府和社会团体如何密切合作，如何分工协作，更好地推进社区服务

事业。//

The establishment and development of china’s socialist market economy requires the reform and improvement in our soial welfare and security system, which in turn places higher expectations on the work of community service.//

With the transformation of governmental functions, much of the work involving social services that was initially undertaken by the government will have to be transferred gradually to social groups and non-governmental organizations.//

On the one hand, the government will shoulder great responsibilities in its macro-management; and on the other hand, social groups and non-governmental organizations will need to involve themselves more in community service.// Consequently, there has emerged an issue which concerns the way of a close collaboration and the division of responsibilities between the government and social groups, in order to further the development of community service.

Passage 3

香港中文大学，简称“中大”，成立于1963 年。中大是一所研究型综合大学，以“结合传统与现代，融汇中国与西方”为创校使命。//

40 多年来，中大一直致力于弘扬中华传统文化，坚持双语教育，并推行独特的书院制度，

在香港教育界卓然而立。中大校园占地134 公顷，是世界上最美丽的校园之一。//

中大的师生来自世界各地。有教职员工5200 多人、近万名本科生、约2000 多名研究生，其中约2500 多人来自45 个不同的国家和地区。//

中大实行灵活的学分制，不仅有助于培养有专有博的人才，而且还赋予学生更大的学习自主

权。中大的多元教育有助于充分发挥每一个学生的潜能。//

The Chinese University of Hong Kong, CUHK for short, was founded in 1963. It is a researchoriented comprehensive university with a mission to combine tradition with modernity and bring together China and the West.//

For more than 40 years, we have been distinguished from other local universities by virtue of our rich Chinese cultural heritage, bilingual education, and our unique college system. CUHK’s 134- hectare campus is one of the most beautiful campuses in the world.//

CUHK’ s faculty and students come from all corners of the world. It has more than 5200 staff members, approximately 10,000 undergraduates, and 2000 postgraduate students. Of these students, some 2,500 are from 45 countries and regions outside Hong Kong.//

The flexible credit unit system allows a balance between depth with breadth, and a high degree of free choice of students in designing their own learning. The multi-faceted education at CUHK helps to bring out the best in every student.// Passage 4

改革开放30 年来，随着中国逐渐崛起成为政治经济强国，海外人士学习汉语的现象与日俱

增，海外孔子学院也成了人们学习中国语言和中国文化的首选之地。//

通过学习汉语，他们对这个和自己文化大相径庭的古老文明产生了浓厚的兴趣，而且有机会

了解中国的哲学、艺术、医学、饮食文化，亲身体验这个文明古国的风采。//

作为第二文化，中国文化也丰富了他们的生活和世界观。可以说，这个潮流方兴未艾。越来

越多的学习汉语的美国人除了对中国菜肴赞不绝口之外，也在尝试针灸，草药和武术。//

他们也看功夫电影，学习东方时装潮流和手工艺，不知不觉的 unconsciously在日常生活中谈及中国的点心，

人参、银杏，乌龙茶等。目前在美国最热门的中国文化是道家学说和有着神秘色彩的风水学。

As china is rising as a political and economic world power, thanks to its three-decade reform and opening up, more and more people in overseas countries start to learn Chinese and turn to a Confucius Institute in their own countries as their first choice learning Chinese language and Chinese culture.//

During the learning process, the learners concurrently develop their interest in this ancient land, whose civilization is so vastly different from theirs. And the learners have opportunities to learn about Chinese philosophy, art, architecture, medicine and catering culture and experience firsthand the splendors of this venerable civilization.//

As the second culture, Chinese culture has enriched the life and world outlook of the learners. This trend, so to speak, is gathering momentum and is there to stay. Apart from their love for Chinese cuisine, more and more American learners of Chinese language are turning to Chinese acupuncture,

herbal medicines, martial arts.// They are also interested in kongfu films, fashions and crafts. Seemingly outlandish words such as dimsum, ginseng, gingko, oolong cha have crept into their everyday language. The latest Chinese cultural icons to make its impact there are Taoism, and ancient school of thought, and fengshui, an ancient art of placement.//

Passage 5

过去10 年，海平面升高和森林看法的速度都是前所未有的；生态恶化、物种灭绝、臭氧层

被破坏、温室效应、酸雨等一系列环境问题已经严重影响到人类的生存环境。//

环境恶化造成的问题之一就是缺水。目前全世界40%以上的人口，即20 多亿人，面临缺水

问题。据预测，未来25 年全球人口将有60 亿增长到80 亿，环境保护面临更大的压力。//

中国作为一个发展中国家，面临着发展经济和保护环境的双重任务。从国情出发，中国在全

面推进现代化的过程中，将环境保护视为一项基本国策。//

众所周知，对生态环境和生物多样性的保护是环保工作的重点。我国野生动植物物种丰富，

仅脊椎动物就有6000 多种左右，高等植物3 万多种。//

Sea level rose and forest were destroyed at an unprecedented rate during the last decade. A series of environmental problems such as the deterioration of ecosystem,

the extinction of bio-species, damage to the ozone layer, the green-house effect, acid rain, have posed a serious threat to human living conditions.// Environmental crisis leads to one of the serious problems, namely, water shortage. Presently, more than 40% of the world’s population, more than 2 billion people, now face water shortage. It is predicted that with the global population expected to increase from six billion to eight billion over the next 25 years, more pressure on environmental protection stress is expected.// As a developing country, china is confronted with the dual task of developing the economy and protecting the environment. Proceeding from its national conditions, china has, in the process of promoting its overall modernization program, made environmental protection one of its basic state

policies.//

It is known to all that protection of the ecological environment and biodiversity is the focal point of environmental protection work. China is rich in wildlife species. There are about 6,000 vertebrates alone and 30,000 species of higher plants.// Passage 6

国际贸易的基本原则是平等互利，各国追求各自的利益是正常的，出现一些摩擦和纠纷也是

不可避免的。关键要以冷静而明智的态度正确对待和处理摩擦和纠纷。//

就中美贸易而言，互利共赢的经贸关系给两国人民带来了实实在在的经济利益。今天，美国

在华投资设立的企业已超过4 万家，投资额达450 亿美元。//

美国500 强企业有400 多家进入中国，大多数企业获利丰厚。与此同时，在美国市场上，许

多中国商品受到美国消费者的青睐。中国在美国投资设立的企业已超过1000 家。//

我们可以预见，中美贸易摩擦将随着经贸关系的深化而凸显，但是中美经贸合作的总体发展

是不可逆转的。主要有两个原因，其一：中美贸易具有很大互补性。其二：中国产品具有明

显的劳动力成本优势。//

Equality and mutual benefit is the fundamental principle of international trade. Therefore, it is normal that countries will seek to protect their own interests, which may lead to trade frictions and disputes. The key lies in how to cope with these issues correctly in a cool and wise manner.//

As for China-US trade, mutually beneficial and win-win trade and economic ties have delivered tangible economic benefits to the two peoples. Now, with over 40,000 U.S.- invested enterprises, the total investment in china stands at $45 billion.//

Of the top 500 U.S companies, more than 400 have their business in china, and most of them are making handsome profit. At the same time, many Chinese commodities have become favored choices of American consumers. Meanwhile, the number of Chinese-invested enterprises in the United Sates has surpassed 1,000.//

We predict that trade disputes between china and the United States will become more acute along with the further development in bilateral trade and economic cooperation. The overall development in bilateral trade and economic cooperation is, however, irreversible. There are two factors contribute to this trend. Firstly, the Sino-U.S. economic and trade relations enjoy complementarities in vast fields. Secondly, china has an outstanding labor cost advantage.//

英译汉：

Passage 1(视译)

I think Chinese businesspeople tend to have business negotiations in a rather indirect manner, as opposed to the more direct style of American businesspeople, who are said to work with the “getdown- to-business-first” mentality.//

The Chinese-type management encourages cooperation among employees, between the labor and the management, and gives employees a joy of participation and fulfillment, as well as a sense of pride in their work.//

And most Chinese try to find the meaning of life through working in their jobs, and view work as essential for having membership in a community.//

The American-type, or the top-down, management emphasizes efficiency, and competition among workers. The American work ethic seems to be more individual oriented. Traditionally, Americans work because it is the will of God, and often value the results and accomplishments of work more than its process.//

我认为中国人在商务谈判时倾向于使用一种迂回婉转的方式，而那些被认为在工作时具有一

种“公务为先”的心态的美国人则往往表现出较为直截了当的作风。//

中国式的管理方式鼓励员工之间的合作，也鼓励普通员工和管理人员之间的合作，使员工有

一种喜悦的参与感和成就感，使他们对自己的工作产生一种自豪感。//

大多数中国人想从工作中找到生活的意义，他们将工作视为成为团体中一份子的必不可缺的

条件。//

美国式的自下而上的管理方式注重效率，注重员工之间的竞争。美国人的工作观有较强的个

体取向性。美国人一直认为，工作是秉承了上帝的意志，我们对工作成果的重视常常高于对

工作过程的重视。//

Passage 2

In the short period of six days, we have gone a longer distance than the world-renowned “Long March”. We have acquired a keen sense of the diversity, dynamism, and progress of china under your policies of reform and opening to the outside world.//

My wife and I have a special regard and personal friendship for the people of china. Beijing is for us an old and nostalgic home. During our stay here ten years ago we