人教版_英语_必修二第三单元教学案 2

Unit 3 Computers

单元学习目标:

单元背诵:

1.And my memory became so large that even I couldn't believe it！

2.Anyhow, my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality.

3.Today an increasing number of people have realized that law education is of great importance.

4. The two cultures have a lot in common.

5.As time went by,I gradually adapted myself to the school life .

6.With winter coming ,it is getting colder and colder.

7. As a result,I have made steady progress in my study.

8. So precious is the time that we can't waste it.

9.I would appreciate it if you can give me some good advice .

10.what has impressed us most is her devotion to work.

单元重难点:

重点句型:

1．As time went by, I was made smaller.

2．My memory became so large that even I cou ldn’t believe it!

3．I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.

重点语法：现在完成时的被动语态

Period one

Reading

WHO AM I?

Over time I have been changed quite a lot. I began as a calculating machine in France in 1642. Although I was young I could simplify difficult sums. I developed very slowly and it took nearly

two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage. After I was programmed by an operator who used cards with holes, I could "think" logically and produce an answer quicker than any person. At that time it was considered a technological revolution and the start of my "artificial intelligence". In 1936 my real father, Alan Turing, wrote a book about how I could be made to work as a "universal machine" to solve any difficult mathematical problem. From then on, I grew rapidly both in size and in brainpower. By the 1940s I had grown as large as a room, and I wondered if I would grow any larger. However, this reality also worried my designers. As time went by, I was made smaller. First as a PC (personal computer) and then as a laptop, I have been used in offices and homes since the 1970s.

These changes only became possible as my memory improved. First it was stored in tubes, then on transistors and later on very small chips. As a result I totally changed my shape. As I have grown older I have also grown smaller. Over time my memory has developed so much that, like an elephant, I never forget anything I have been told! And my memory became so large that even I couldn't believe it! But I was always so lonely standing there by myself, until in the early 1960s they gave me a family connected by a network. I was able to share my knowledge with others through the World Wide Web.

Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me. I have become very important in communication, finance and trade. I have also been put into robots and used to make mobile phones as well as help with medical operations. I have even been put into space rockets and sent to explore the Moon and Mars. Anyhow, my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality. I am now truly filled with happiness that I am a devoted friend and helper of the human race!

一级阅读目标:

Ⅰ. Look up the words in the dictionary and then match them with the pictures.

A. host computer

B. screen

C. keyboard

D.mouse

E.monitor D. speaker

Ⅱ. Guessing game: Do you know who I am?

1.I am very old now. I was born in China. Many people used me for calculating in the past, but now I am a bit lonely because they don’t like me now.

2.I am very small. I can be used for calculating. In China, a lot of students use me when solving mathematical problems.

3.I can be used for calculating. Besides, I can also be used for watching DVD, sending e-mail and communicating through the Internet. However, I am not a PC, becauseI’m small enough for you to take me with you.

4. I can be used as a laptop. However, I am not a laptop, becauseI’m small enough for you to hold me in your hand.

III. Skimming

1.Who is the speaker in this story?

2. What’s the main id ea of the text?

A. The computer wants to find “who he is”.

B. The function of the computer.

C. The computer becomes popular around the world.

D. The changes and the applications of the computer.

二级阅读目标:

Detail-reading

Ⅰ.Choose the best answer according to the passage.

1.Who was the first person to make the earliest computer?

A. Alan Turing

B. Charles Babbage

C. Charles Turing

D.Alan Babbage

2. When was the computer biggest?

A. In 1642.

B. In 1936.

C. In the 1940s.

D. In the 1970s.

3. According to the text, the computer has grown smaller mainly because .

A. it use good material

B.it was too large in the past

C.its memory has improved a lot

D.there is less room on the beath

4.which of the following is in the right order of time?

a.The computer was connected with other computers.

b.Alan Turing wrote a book about the computer.

c. The computer has been sent to explore the Moon and Mars.

d.The computer began to simplify difficult sums.

A. abcd. B, bcad. C, dacb. D.dbac

Ⅱ.Fill in the form according to the passage.

三级阅读目标

I .Summary

Fill in the blanks with proper words according to the passage.

I began as a ___________ machine in 1642 in France. About 200 years later I was built as an _________ machine. Then in 1936 Alan Turing wrote a book and built a “ _________ machine”.

As time _____ _____, I was made smaller. These changes became possible because my memory improved. In the 1960s they gave me a family connected by a _________ . Now people call it the World Wide Web. I have been used in _________ and homes since the

1970s. So I became a PC. I’m happy to become a _________friend and helper o f the

_________ _________.

Ⅱ. Discuss in groups the advantages and dis advantages of the computer.

Period two vocabulary

课前自测·预习（homework）

I.Please translate the following sentences into Chinese and pay attention to the words in black.

1.With the development of technology，our life is more convenient and happier than before.

2.English is referred to as a universal language.

3.The industrial revolution took place in England first.

4. Though Einstein is ordinary-looking, he is highly intelligent.

5.It may snow, but anyhow I will go to the town.

6.Personally, I think he is a very good man, but you may not agree.

7.You’d better set a goal before you begin to learn English.

8.The sum of 5 and 3 is 8.

9.The experts are exploring every part of the island and want to find something unusual.

10.I was fitted an artificial tooth by the dentist.

II. Finish the following phrases

1.in common ___________

2.go by ___________

3.as a result ___________

4.from…on ___________

5.so…that…___________

6. ___________与…分享…

7. ___________和…一样；和；也8. ___________提供某人某物

9. ___________充满…10.______________总计

III.word formation (try to finish the following words )

1. ____________ vt.计算→calculator n. 计算器

2.universe n. 宇宙→___________ adj.普遍的；通用的；宇宙的→universally adv.普遍地

3.simple adj. 简单的→__________ vt.简化

4. ___________ adj.合逻辑的；合情理的→logically adv.逻辑上；合逻辑地；有条理地

5. ___________ n. 工艺；科技；技术→ _________ adj.科技的

6. ____________ n. 智力；聪明；智能→___________adj.智能的；聪明的

7. ___________ n. 真实；事实；现实→ real adj.真实的，真的

8. ___________ adj. 私人的；个人的；亲自的→____________ adv.就个人而言；亲自

9. ___________adj. 总的；整个的→___________ n. 总数；合计→__________ adv.完全地；整个地

10. solve vt.解决；解答→____________n．解答

IV 选词填空

1.There were about 40 people _____.

2.As time _________, his mother’s hair turned grey.

3.He was ill. _________, he didn’t go to school.

4.She was _____excited _____she couldn’t go to sleep.

5.Great changes took place in China _________.

6. _________, he refused to talk about it.

7.I _________ nothing _________with jane.

8.Children should be taught to _________ their toys _______other children.

V长难句分析

1. In 1936my real father, Alan Turing, wrote a book about how I could be made to work as a “universal machine” to solve any difficult mathematical problem.

2.By the 1940s I had grown as large as a room, and I wondered if I would grow any larger.

分析：（1）本句是由_____连接的并列句，前半句是简单句，后半句是复合句。

（2）if I would grow any larger 是_____ 从句，在句中作_____ 的宾语。

3. Over time my memory has developed so much that, like an elephant, I never forget anything I have been told.

分析：（1）句中so…that…意为 _____________，引导结果状语从句。

（2）句中I have been told是定语从句，修饰先行词____________。

4. But I was always so lonely standing there by myself, until in the early 1960s they gave me a family connected by a network.

分析：（1）句中__________________为动词ing形式作伴随状语。

（2）connected by a network为过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于定语从句__________。

5. Anyhow, my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality.

分析：（1）句中anyhow是副词，意为_____________。

（2）of high quality在句中做____________，属于of＋n.结构。这一结构相当于____________，在句中可以做表语、定语或宾语补足语。

句意：__________________________________

Language study

https://www.360docs.net/doc/f512842513.html,mon

观察领悟

In pairs discuss what they have in common.

We have a lot in common with each other.

We share a common aim.

This illness is common among the children.

自我归纳

①common 是形容词，意为

②have a lot in common with sb.

拓展延伸

have nothing / little / something / much / a lot in common

没有相似之处/ 几乎没有相似之处/有些相似之处/ 有很多相似之处

活学活用

①I suddenly felt we （有许多相似之处）

②They have （共同的兴趣）in music.

③（和…一样）most young persons, he loves pop music.

④Mary （和…几乎没有相似之处）

her sister in character.

2.solve

观察领悟

With the help of his friend, he finally solved the problem.

It may take a long time to find a solution to the problem.

自我归纳

①vt. 解决；解答

②n. 解决办法（多与介词to 搭配）

易混辨析

活学活用

用solve的适当形式填空

①The maths problem is very easy to .

②There is no simple to this problem.

③这个问题必须在中午之前解决。

The problem must before noon.

④I found that I have much difficulty in the argument between the two families.

A.receiving

B. settling

C. upsetting

D. solving

3. go by

词义匹配

根据句意选出go by 在句中的正确含义

a.走过（某地）

b.（时间）过去，流逝

c.（机会等）失去，被轻易放过

① Several years went by before they met again.

② Don’t let this chance go by.

③ A car went by at full speed.

拓展延伸

go against 违背；对…不利

go over 复习；仔细审查

go ahead 进行；（尤指经某人允许）开始做

go through 通过；经历；经受；查看

go out 出去；熄灭

go off 响起；进行

活学活用

用go的适当短语填空

①The car raised a cloud of dust as it .

②We’d better not our parents’ wish.

③She must have a lot of difficulties.

④He the article again.

⑤The alarm when the thieves went into the office.

A.went off

B. went along

C. went by

D. went away

4.as a result= as a consequence

观察领悟

As a result I totally changed my shape.

He failed his exam as a result of his carelessness.

Acting before thinking always results in failure.

Success results from hard work.

自我归纳

as a result

as a result of

result in （=bring about/ cause /lead to）

result from

巧学助记“因与果”

因as a result of 果as a result

活学活用

He runs every day. , he has lost weight.

She was late snow.

用适当的介词填空

The fire resulted damage to the whole house.

His illness resulted bad food.

the earthquake, a lot of people in Sichuan lost their homes, becoming homeless.

A.As a result

B. Result from

C. Because

D. As a result of

5. total

观察领悟

I’m afraid that the performance was not a total success.

There were probably about 40 people there in total.

Their expenses reached a total of 1,000 pounds.

自我归纳

①total adj. n.

②in total （=totally）

a total of （修饰名词复数时，谓语动词用复数）

活学活用

①twenty people took part in the game. = Twenty people took part in the game .

②There are ten teams in the stadium to take part in the match.

A. in a word

B. in a way

C. in total

D. at all

6. anyhow

观察领悟

Anyhow, my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality.

I couldn’t think of the name of that man anyhow.

易混辨析

选词填空（anyhow/somehow/somewhat）

①he was afraid of her.

②I’ve tried, but I can’t open it.

③My jacket is like yours.

④Linda advised him not to buy the iPhone, but he bought it .

A.Anyhow

B. however

C. then

D. totally

7. I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.

句型剖析

句中before 是连词，意为“”。此外before 作连词，还可译为“在…之前；…就；没来得及…就…”等。

写出before 在下列各句中的含义。

①Before I enter on the subject I have something to say.

②I had not gone a mile before I felt tired.

③Before I could say a single word, he ran away.

拓展延伸

It was / will be + 时间段+ before… 多久之后才……

It wasn’t / won’t be +时间段+ before… 没过/ 过不了多久就……

【助记】before用在it开头的肯定句型中，常译为“……才……”；用在否定句中,常译为“没……就……”

活学活用

①三个月后他才恢复健康。（汉译英）

②The girl had hardly run the bell the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her.

A. before

B. until

C. as

D. since

8. As time went by, I was made smaller.

句型剖析

本句中as作连词，意为“随着”，后面接从句，表示事物的发展变化状况。

例如：，Einstein’s t heory proved to be correct.

拓展延伸

连词as引导的从句也可转换为介词with的复合结构。例如：

As the day went on, the weather got worse and worse.

= With the day going on, the weather got worse and worse.

活学活用

①As children get older, they become more and more interested in everything.（句型转换）

= With children , they become more and more interested in everything.

②As time , she became more homesick.

A. goes by

B. going by

C. went by

D. gone by

9. And my memory became so large that even I couldn’t believe it!

句型剖析

①句中so…that…意为。that引导结果状语从句。另外，such…that…也可以引导结果状语从句。

②常见的结构形式

adj./ adv. + that从句

so+ adj. + a/an + 可数名词单数+ that从句

many / much / few / little +名词+ that从句

a/an + adj. + 可数名词单数+ that从句

such + adj. + 可数名词复数+ that从句

adj. + 不可数名词+ that从句

①她是一个聪明的姑娘，我们都喜欢她。

She is we all like her.

=She is that we all like her.

②马跑得如此快，没人能让他停下来。

The horse ran no one could stop it.

拓展延伸

在so…that…/ such…that…结构中，so / such 及其修饰部分位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。

So small was the mark that I could hardly see it.

活学活用

①天气如此热，谁也不想干活。

It was that nobody wanted to do anything.

= It was that nobody wanted to do anything.

②我的作文出了许多错误，老师批评了我。

I made in the composition that the teacher criticized me.

③So cold the weather was that he had to stay at home. （改错）

④It was that he had to ask for help.

A. such big a job

B. so a big job

C. so big a job

D. a such big job

⑤Most children need encouragement in time of failure they can cheer up again.

A. so that

B. in case

C. because

D. if

课后练习

I.单词拼写

1. We should e___________ new ways to solve the problems that we are facing.

2. S___________ this difficult problem to make it easier to be understood by everyone.

3. After years of hard work, his dream has become a r__________.

4. She suggested that I put some a______ flowers around the house to make it more colorful.

5. The article concludes that one’s handwriting style is closely related to one’s c__________.

6. The policeman s__________ to the car to stop.

7. Unlike other girls, Daisy doesn’t pay much attention to her a_________.

8. According to the distance from the village to the city, we c__________ that they would arrive at about 3 p.m.

9. With the a__________ of the new technology, the production of steel almost doubled.

10. Make sure the program that you want to d______ from the Internet is safe and is from a reliable source.

II翻译下列词组

1. 从那时起_______________

2. 申请___________________

3. 和---有共同点_______________

4. 就个人而言__________

5. 处理，安排______________

6. 看守，监视_______________

7. 毕竟_____________ 8. 编制，编造________________

9. 抚养，养育_______________

10. 结果___________________

11. 如此---以至_______________

12. 在某种程度上__________

13. 别无选择只能_________________

14.正在--突然______________

III.用下列词汇正确形式填空

total personal logical universal intelligent

1.The room was in __________ darkness.

They come from __________ different cultures.

2. It was a __________ conclusion from the child’s point of view. Children

are trained to think __________ .

3.He is a highly __________ child and asked me an __________ question.

I answered his question __________ as well.

4.---- Is it worth the effort?

---- __________ speaking , yes. Of course ,this is just a __________ opinion.

5.Such problems are a __________ feature of old age.

The theory does not apply __________ .

Period three grammar

现在完成时的被动语态

观察领悟

I have been used in office and homes since the 1970s.

Has her work been finished?

Her work hasn’t been finished yet.

How long has her work been done?

The door has been locked.

The old man has been looked after for twenty years.

自我归纳

1）构成：。否定句是在has/ have之后加，一般疑问句是把提到主语之前，特殊疑问句是+一般疑问句语序。

2）两种基本用法：

①表示动作发生在说话之前（即现在的过去），强调对现在造成的影响或结果，如第句

②表示动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在或将来，常与介词或

引导的时间状语连用，如第句。

活学活用

1）He has repaired the machine for two hours.（改为被动式否定句）→

1)The teacher has borrowed the books（改为被动式一般疑问句）

→

3）You can see the house （未油漆）for years.（paint）

4）How many workers （已被派遣）to build the railway? （send）

翻译下列句子

5）这些有趣的书已经给孩子们了。

6）这台机器使用有多久了？

7）Have the books returned yet? （改错）

现在完成时的被动语态的注意点

观察领悟

We have given him the book.→ The book has been given to him./ He has been given the book.

I have told them to help you.→They have been told to help you.

I have made her work hard.→She has been made to work hard.

He has thought of a way of doing it. →A way of doing it has been thought of.

比较：The house was built last year.

The house has been built.

自我归纳

1.带有双宾语的动词，如give, send, bring, take, teach, show, make, sing, write, read,

sell, buy, tell, pay, lend, pass, promise等，变为被动语态时，可将其中一个_______ 变为主语，另一个保留不动。

巧学助记：含双宾语的主动句变被动句口诀

如遇双宾语，最好变间宾，如若变直宾，be done 后加to或for。

2.带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，只能将变为主语，原来的

改为主语补足语。原来省略的作宾语补足语的不定式，被动语态中要加。

巧学助记：后接动词原形作宾语补足语的动词记忆口诀

一感（feel），二听（hear, listen to），三使（make, have, let），四看（see, watch, notice, observe）。

3.短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动结构中要保持其完整性，不可省略短语动词中的。

4.一般过去时的被动语态只强调一个被动的动作发生在，不强调现在；而现在完成时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但强调该动作或状态对

造成的或。

活学活用

把主动句变为被动句

1)We have told our teacher the good news.

→/

2)Tom has asked his classmate to return his pen.

→

3)Grandma Wang has taken good care of the child all these years.

→

4)The notice （已经被张贴）on the wall.

（put）

5）老师让露西打扫教室。

主动语态：

被动语态：

6）The disagreement between them already.

A. has settled

B. has been settled

C. settled

D. was settled

Period four topic reading & listening

Topic reading

Andy — The Android

ANDY – THE ANDROID

I’m part of an android football team. About once a year we are allowed to get together to play a game of football. I’m as big as a human. It fact, I look like one too. On the football team I’m a striker so I have to be able to run very fast. My computer chips help me to move and think like a human. For example, I have learned to signal to my teammates in computer language to give me the ball when I am open and have a good for a goal.

My first football competition was in Nagoya, Japan several years ago. Last year our team went to Seattle, Washington in the USA. We won second place. Personally, I think the team that won first place cheated. They had developed a new

type of program just before the competition. So we need to encourage our programmer to improve our intelligence too. We are determined to create an even better system. In a way our programmer is like our coach. She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while watching human games. Then she prepares reliable moves to use if a new situation arises. In this way I can make up new moves using my “artificial intelligence”. I could like to play against a human team, for I have been programmed to act just like them. After all, with the help of my electronic brain which never forgets anything, using my intelligence is what I’m all about!

I.skimming

What does Andy look like? What can it do?

II.scanning

Name: _____

Appearance: _________________

Size: ________________

Character : ______________________

Ability: ____________________________

Job: ______

III. Discussion

What are the advantages and disadvantages of each form of IT?

The advantage/ disadvantage is …

I think /don’t think that…

I think…because of …

As/ Since…, I am suppose to …

I agree /don’t agree… because…First… Second…

I believe that…

IV.

1. arise （arose, arisen）

易混辨析

巧学助记arise，rise, raise巧辨析

活学活用

选词填空（rise / raise / arise）

1）The population of the city has to five million.

2）I’m glad you that point.

3）A good chance has .

We were watching the children ________ the national flag, and saw it _______ slowly in the wind, which _________ our patriotic （爱国的）minds.

2.with引导的复合结构

1)The teacher came in with several students_________ (follow) behind.

2)With the work ______(do), he went out to eat.

3)With a lot of things ____________(deal with), he will have a difficult time.

4)He left the office with the lights ___.

5)Mary rushed out of the house with the door ______(open).

6)A woman got on the bus with a baby _______（环绕介词）her arms.

总结：“with/without +宾语+宾语补足语”结构可以构成独立主格结构，在句中常作伴随状语、原因状语，也可作定语。其具体结构_____________________________________