外研社 九年级英语导学练

Grammar

被动语态。被动语态是英语动词的一种特殊形式，但容易掌握。因此，同学们只要认真听，认真练，You can make it!

1.主动语态是指被动语态表

示。

eg. People speak English. English is spoken by people.

2. 被动语态的构成：be+及物动词的过去分词此结构中注意be 形式的变化。各时态变化如下表，望

含情态动词的被动语态结构：情态动词＋be+过去分词

4. Rice (grow) in South China.

5. Jim’s room(clean) now.

6. These buildings (build) last year.

2.变换方法：认真观察，写出变换规则。

People speak（谓语）English（宾语，承受着）

（主语，执行者）

English is spoken by people.

（主语）（谓语）变化规则是：

（1）.

（2）.

（3）.

3.用法：

（1）. 当不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时，我们常用被动。

The Great Green Wall was built thousands of years ago.

(2 ). 当强调动作的承受这时。

Football is played all over the world.

3.几种特殊形式的被动语态：

（1）. 含有直接宾语和间接宾语的主动结构。

He showed me his pictures.

I his pictures by him.

His pictures me by him.

He gave me a book yesterday.

I a book by him yesterday.

A book me by him yesterday.

(2). Make, let, hear, watch, see, feel, have, notice, help等词＋不带to 的不定式作宾语补足语时，变成被动要在原动词前加to”.

The boss made the workers do heavy work in the old days.

The workers do heavy work by the boss in the old days.

(3). 短语动词的被动语态：

一般来说，只有及物动词才有被动语态，因为只有及物动词才可能有动作的承受着。但有许多有不及物动词加介词及其它词类构成的短语动词，相当于及物动词，可以有宾语，可以有被动语态。但应注意，短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成短语动词的介词或副词。

You must take good care of these trees.

These trees .

They will set up a new public school here.

A new public school here.

◇boys and girls, I think you must understand it. Now let’s check.

I.将下列句子变为被动语态

II. 1. He should cut his hair. His hair .

2. We listened to the teacher carefully in class.

The teacher carefully in class.

动词应用1

一、选择题

( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year?

A.Is; built

B.Was; bulit

C.Does; build

D.Did; build

( )2.An accident ____ on this road last week.

A.has been happened

B.was happened

C.is happened

D.happened

( )3.Cotton ____ in the southeast of China.

A.is grown

B.are grown

C.grows

D.grow

( )4.So far,the moon ____ by man already.

A.is visited

B.will be visited

C.has been visited

D.was visited

( )5.A talk on Chinese history _____ in th school hall next week.

A.is given

B.has been given

C.will be given

D.gives

( )6.How many trees ____ this year?

A.are planted

B.will plant

C.have been planted

D.planted

( )7.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now.

A.are doing

B.are being done

C.has been done

D.will be done

( )8.Neither of them ______ in China.

A.is made

B.are made

C.were made

D.made

( )9.Look! A nice picture ____ for our teacher.

A.is drawing

B.is being drawn

C.has been drawn

D.draws

( )10.Your shoes ____. You need a new pair.

A.wear out

B.worn out

C.are worn out

D.is worn

( )11.The doctor _____ for yet.

A.isn't sent

B.hasn't been sent

C.won't be sent

D.wasn't sent

( )12.--When ___ this kind of computers______? --Last year.

A.did; use

B.was; used

C.is; used

D.are; used

( )13.The Great Wall ____ all over the world.

A.knows

B.knew

C.is known

D.was known

( )14.I ____ in summer. A.born B.was born C.have been born D.am born

( )15.He says that Mr Zhang _____ to the factory next week.

A.is sent

B.would send

C.was sent

D.will be sent

( )16.Who _____ this book _____?

A.did; written

B.was; written by

C.did; written

D.was;written

( )17.Mary ____ show me her new dictionary.

A.has asked to

B.was asked to

C.is asked

D.asks to ( )18.A story _____ by Granny yesterday.

A. was told us

B.was told to us

C.is told us

D.told us ( )19.The monkey was seen _____ off the tree.

A. jump

B.jumps

C.jumped

D.to jump ( )20.The school bag ___ behind the chair.

A.puts

B.can be put

C.can be putted

D.can put ( )21.Older people ____ well.

A.looks after

B.must be looked after

C.must look after

D.looked after ( )22.Our teacher ______ carefully.

A.should be listened to

B.should be listen

C.be listened

D.is listened

二. 将下列句子变为被动语态，每空一词。

1. We can finish the work in two days.

The work _____ _____ _____ in two days.

2 The children will sing an English song.

An English song ____ ____ ___ by the children.

3. Lucy sent me a New Year Card last week.

A New Year Card ____ ____ ____ her by me last week.

4. Peole use metal for making machines. Metal ____ ____ for making machines.

5. He made me do that for him. I ____ ____ ____ that for him.

6.I have given this book to the library. This book ___ ____ ____ to the library.

7.Did they build a bridge here a year ago?

____ a bridge ____ here by them a year ago?

8.We'll put on an English play in our school.

An English play ____ ____ _____ on in our school.

9.More and more farmers buy color TV sets.

Color TV sets ___ ___ ___ more and more farmers.

10. My brother often mends his watch. His watch ____ ____ ____ by my brother.

11.We must water the flowers every day. The flowers must ___ ___ (by us) every day.

12.They use knives for cutting things.

Knives ___ ___ for cutting things.

13.He made the farmers work for a long time.

The farmers ____ ____ ____ ____ for a long time.

14.Did he break the window yesterday?

____ the window ___ ____ ___ yesterday?

15.They have sold out the light green dresses.

The light green dresses ____ _____ ____ out.

16.We clean the classroom every day.

The classroom ____ ____ every day.

17. You must not plant trees in very dry earth.

Trees ___ ____ _____ _____ in very dry earth.

18You can dig a hole in the earth.

A Hole ____ ____ _____ in the earth.

1.为。。。/对某人来说。。。对我来说

2.作为一名体育英雄

3.首先

4.邀请某人干某事某人被邀请干某事

5.全世界/

6.。。。的象征，标志

7.全世界文明8.确信9.开始干某事

10.鼓励某人干某事11.起初12.建立/创立

13. 跟某人比较14.赢得第一块奥运金牌

15.发现，明白

16. 他将被要求拍广告和电影。

17.make sure /find out 后跟从句

他确信它有规律的训练

我发现他为金牌训练

18.他起初被鼓励训练跳高

19.他在跨栏方面的技巧

考点集锦

反意疑问句考点荟萃

一、反意疑问句的构成：“肯定的陈述部分＋否定的附加疑问句”或“否定的陈述部分＋肯定的附加疑问

句。”

《真题回放》

1. She is a singer, ?

A. doesn’t she

B. hasn’t she

C. isn’t she

2. Melissa got a birthday preset, ?

二、反意疑问句的答语：如果陈述部分是陈述句，则对此反意疑问句的肯定回答用Yes, 否定回答用No。

如果陈述部分为否定句，则回答是需要特别留意。请看下面两个例子：

1.――You are not going out today, are you?

你今天不会出去是吗？

―― Yes，I am. I need to go shopping.

不，我会，我要去购物。

2.――It isn’t very cold, is it?

――No, it isn’t. 是的，不冷。

真题回放

1.－Cats are as big as tigers, aren’t they?

－.

A. Yes, they are

B.No,they aren’t

C. Yes, they aren’t

D.No, they are

2.－Jack hasn’t paid for the school things, has he?

－.His father will pay for him.

A.Yes, he has

B. No, he hasn’t

C. Yes, he did

D. No, he didn’t

三、反意疑问句的陈述部分如果含有否定意义的词，如hardly, never, few, little, no, nobody,nowhere,

nothing等时，附加疑问句要用肯定形式。

真题回放

1.There is little milk in the bottle.

There is little milk in the bottle, ?

2. The old man can hardly dress himself, ?

3. Jim’s never come to school late,?

四、反意疑问句的陈述部分是there be句型时，附加疑问句的主语用there。

真题回放

There is some water in the bottle, isn’t it?

A. there

B. it

C. that

五、反意疑问句陈述部分如果是祈使句，附加疑问句常用will you 或won’t you. 但如果祈使句以Let’s

开头，附加疑问句要用shall we; 若以Let us 开头，则用will you.

真题回放

1.－Let’s go and play football,?

--That’s wonderful.

A.will you

B. do you

C. won’t you

D. shall we

2. Let us stop and have a rest, ?

六、当陈述部分含有宾语从句时，附加疑问部分应与主句

主语和谓语动词保持对应关系。但当陈述部分的主句是I think(believe,suppose)等结构时，附加疑问部分应于从句的主语和谓语动词保持相对应关系，并注意否定转移的情况。

1.I think he is kind, don’t I?

I think he is kind, isn’t he?

一般情况下,带有主从复合句的反意疑问句应与主句的主语保持一致.但在I think/believe/suppose引导的宾语从句中,反意疑问部分的主语应与从句的主语保持一致.

2.我认为这个故事没意思.是吗?

I don’t think this story is interesting, isn’t it?

I don’t think this story is interesting, is it?

在I think/believe/suppose等引导的宾语从句中,从句的否定一般前置,因此反意疑问部分应为肯定.

3.安静点,好吗?

Be qui et, aren’t you?

Be quiet, will you?

肯定祈使句表示请求时,反意疑问句用will you? 若表示邀请,用won’t you.

4.Don’t laugh at the boy, do you?

Don’t laugh at the boy, will you?

否定祈使句表示请求时,反意疑问句只能用will you.

5.He dislike the book, does he?

He dislike the book, doesn’t he?

Dislike是一个待否定前缀的动词,但其句式仍为肯定,因此这类反意疑问句仍为否定形式.

连词考点

考点一、对并列连词的考察

并列连词常用来连接具有并列的词、短语或句子。常见的并列连词有：and, but, not only…..but also…(不仅。。。而且。。。), as well as(和，也，并), both….and….(既。。。又。。。), neither….nor….(既不。。。也不。。), 下面我们来着重讲一下both….and…. 和neither….nor….的用法。

（1）both… and…表示“既。。。又。。。，（两者）都。。。。”

连接两个人或物作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。它的否定结构属于部分否定。

Both his mother and his father work hard.

You can’t speak both American English and Britain English at the same time.

(2) neither…nor… 表示“两者都不。。。。”其本身含有全否定意义。当它连接两个人或物作主语时，谓语动词采取就近原则。例如：

Neither I nor he has read the book.

真题回放

1. Don’t worry. I’ll tell Mr Greeen he comes back.

A. when

B. how C why D. where

2. Hurry up, you’ll be late.

A. and

B. but

C. or

D. so

3. you he is able to ski, but I am.

A.Neither nor

B. Not only bit also

C. Either or

D. Both and

4. Nobody can learn English well you work hard on it.

A. if

B. unless

C. when

D. but

析：unless=if… not意为“如果不”，句意是“如果不努力，没人能学好英语”

5. We won’t be able to open the strongbox we get the key to it.

A.until

B. if

C. because

D. when

6. Tomorrow we’ll go to the city park it is sunny.

A.as soon as

B. when

C. if

D. as

7. Forests help to keep water from running away, drought does not often happen.

A. and

B. but

C. so

D. though

8. Edison never gave up, he failed many times.

A. and

B. though

C. or

9. You should return the digital camera to Sally she will not be angry.

A.so that

B. because

C. before

D. or

B.析：选A. so that 引导目的状语从句，译为，“以便，

了” because引导原因状语，译为“因为” before引导时间状语从句，译为“在。。。。。之前” or译为“否则，不然的话，”时表示转折关系的连词。

冠词考察解读

一、不定冠词的用法

There is “s” and “u” in the world “us”.

A. a;a

B. an;an

C.an;an

D.a;an

析：S虽是辅音字母，但发音为／es/，是元音音素开头，所以此处应填an; u 虽是元音字母，但发音为／ju:/，是半元音音素开头，所以此处应填a。故答案选B.

由此可知，名词前用a 还是用an 需要看与冠词相连单词的首字母的发音情况：如果发元音就用an ，如果发的是半元音或辅音就用a.

二、考察冠词the的基本用法和特殊用法

－Remember this, children. careful you are,

-----------mistakes you will make .

－We know, Miss Li.

A.The more; the more

B. The fewer; the more

B.The more; the fewer D. The less; the less

析：本题考察the＋形容词／副词比较级，the＋形容词／副词比较级结构。mistakes是可数名词，应用fewer 来修饰。

以下几种也要使用定冠词：1. 特指的某人或某物前2. 双方公知的人或物前3.世上独一无二事前4. 序数词之前5. 形容词、副词最高级前6. 普通名词构成的专有名词之前7. 方位名词之前8. 某些专有名词前9. 乐器类名词前

三、考察零冠词的用法

I like to play basketball. She likes to play piano.

A. a;the

B. the;a

C./;the

D. /;/

析：球类、棋牌类名词前不加冠词，而乐器类名词前必须加定冠词。

注意以下几种不使用定冠词：1. 专有名词前2. 在有物主代词和指示代词修饰的名词前3. 表示一类人或事物的名词前4. 在星期、月份、节日前5. 在球类运动前6. 在一些固定搭配中，如at night, go to school, at table, by bike.

考点四：考察a+序数词的用法

He failed four times. He wanted to try fifth time.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

析：序数词一般和定冠词连用，a+序数词表示又一、再一。

考点五：注意在某些词组中，有无冠词在意义上的区别

The bus stops right in front of our house.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

析：本体意为“公共汽车就停在我们的房子前面。”in front of 在。。。。。。（外部）前方，in the front of 在。。。。（内部）前部。

在某些词组中有无冠词不一样。例如：在就餐at table，在桌旁at the table，去上学go to school，去一个学校go to a school. 同学们在学习中做个有心人，随时积累，考势必能得心应手。

注意词的用法差别（词汇万宝箱）

☆［解析］：leave和forget都有遗忘的意思。一般来说若只表示忘记某物，但不具体说明把某物忘在什么地方，若用forget.反之，若要具体说明把某物忘在什么地方，则用leave.

1. He always to bring his pen.

2.When he got off the train, he his traveling bag behind.

3.I’m sorry, but I your name.

4. He his key at home.

5.Don’t the children when you go shopping for gifts.

☆表示建议的方式各不相同。［常用句式］

1．你最好(不要)。。。。You’d better (not)

2．请你。。。好吗？Will/Would you please?

3．你想要。。。吗？Would you like?

4．如何（怎么样）？What/How about?

5．为什么不。。。。呢？Why not?

6．我们。。。好吗？Shall we…?

7．咱们。。。吧？Let’s do

8．我想你应该。。。或许他应该。。。I think you should…/Maybe he shoul d..

9．你能。。。You could

10．我们作某事，好吗？Let’s do…shall we?

╬ I’m not a bit hungry but a little thirsty.

［解析］：

┷after \in 都可表示“在。。。。之后。”after即可用在将来时态的句子里，也可用在过去时态的句子里。after 用在将来时态的句中中时，后接某一具体时间；用在过去时态的句子中时，其后接一段时间。in用在将来时态的句子时，起后一定要接一段时间。

1. I’ll call you up supper.

2. His uncle will return to Beijing from London a week.

3.She will arrive in Shanghai four o’clock.

4. My father left his hometown a year.

┳He lied that his watch lay where he laid it the day before.

［解析］lie和lay是一对形似动词。Lie作“躺、位于”解时，是不及物动词，同时也是不规则动词。其过去时、过去分词和现在分词分别是lay, lain, lying；lie作“说慌”解时，既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词，是规则动词。其过去时、过去分词和现在分词分别是lied, lied, lying。Lay意为“放、置；下（蛋）；产（卵），是及物动词，又是不规则动词。其过去时、过去分词和现在分词分别是laid, laid, laying。这几个词极容易混淆，因此要特别留意。

1. China in the east of Asia.

2. You to me now.

3. A black hen can white eggs.

4. The book open on the desk.

5. She her baby lightly on the bed.

◆everyday是形容词，意为“每天的、日常的”；every day是名词词组，意为“每天、天天”，常在句中作状语。

【练一练】

1. The party calls on us to study hard and make progress .

2. The invention of television has brought great changes in our life.

3. clothes are not expensive to buy.

4. The library is open except Sunday.

◆I went to visit him two days ago, but his wife said he had gone to New York on business three days before.

〔解析〕ago 和before 都有“若干时间以前”的意思。他们的区别在于：ago立足于现在，表示从现在起若干时间以前，通常与一般过去时连用；before立足于过去，表示从过去某一时刻起若干时间以前，通常与过去完成时连用。

【练一练】

1. We first met about two years .

2. Many centuries there lived a king in India.

3. He went to Shanghai three years ; his father had gone there long .

4. She had fallen ill the day .

★The hunter lived alone in the lonely hut in a lonely wood.那个偏远的树林里，又一个孤零零的小房子，这个猎人就独自一人住在那里。

［解析］alone用作形容词时，为表语形容词，意为“单独地，独自地”，只是说明“独自一人（没有同伴或助手）”的客观事实，这个词本身不带任何感情色彩。alone还可作副词, 意为“单独地”。Lonely是形容词，有较强的感情色彩，意思是“感觉寂寞的”指因孤独而伤感，渴望有人陪伴的精神状态，也可指某地偏远，人迹罕至。

［练一练］

1. Though I was , I was not .

2. In our struggle for world speech, we are not .

3. Better be than in bad company.

4. The girl did not want to be with a stranger.

5. Finding himself in the room, he knew he had overslept again.

6. When his family moved, Jone was until he made new friends.

7. Her father liked the village on the beach because it was

★I was sitting right in the front of the cinema but th en some one sat in front of me, so I couldn’t see anything.我虽然作在电影院的前部，但有人作在我的前面，所以我什么也看不见。

［解析］in front of指“在（物体内部）….的前面”，而in the front of 指“在（人或物体的外部）….的前面。”［练一练］用in front of 或in the front of填空

(1). Kate sat me in the classroom.

(2). The pilot sits the plane.

(3). The teacher stood the classroom, that is to say, he stood the blackboard.

★2. The Great Wall winds its way from west to east, across desert, over mountains, through valleys, till at last it reaches the sea.万里长城从西到东，穿过沙漠，越过高山，跨过深谷，蜿蜒而行，最后直到海边。

★My next question is :How can we solve the pollution problem faced by our country?我的下一个问题是：“我们怎样才能解决我们国家面临的污染问题呢？”

［解析］作“问题”解时，question因对某事怀疑而要求被回答的问题，着重疑惑很弱不能断定；problem客

观存在的等待解决的问题，着重强调所存在的困难。两者不能混为一谈。

［练一练］

1. A lot of countries are faced with the of unemployment.

2. It is an urgent task to solve the housing faced by the city.

3. She answered all my in a friendly way.

4. It’s only a of time. (P p q q)

★I asked Mary to fetch me an English magazines, but she brought me a Chinese magazines, so I asked her to take it back to the reading room.我让玛丽去给我拿一本英语杂志，她却拿来了一本汉语杂志，于是我又让她把杂志拿到阅览室。

［解析］fetch的意思是“接来（某人）、去来（某物）”，指首先去有某人或某物的地方，然后把某人或某物请回／取回到原来出发的地方；bring通常指待着某人或某物到说话人所在的地方；take从讲话者的方向拿走某物或带走某人。

［练一练］

1.Money does not always people happiness.

2. He told me to a glass of milk.

3. this cup of coffee away and me a cup of tea.

4. Please me a dictionary from the library.

◆sound泛指“（人们听到的一切）声音”；noise 指“不悦耳的声音”，如：噪音、杂音、吵闹声等；voice指“人发出的声音”，如说话声，唱歌声等。

［练一练］

1. We heard some strange in the distance.

2. is another pollution and can drive people mad.

3. The women singer has a beautiful .

4. Mother told the children to stop making so much .

5. Mary said in a soft ,”Go to bed early.”

6. As we all know, travels through the air.

◆look for指寻找到过程，find而强调寻找到结果，即找到或发现。

［练一练］

1. Granny always her glasses.

2. I finally what I .

3. We will my watch.

4. He tired to his pen, but he couldn’t.

5. They the purse everywhere but could not it.

☆[解析]old的比较级有两种形式：older和elder，但两者的用法和含义不同。用于表示新旧、老幼或年龄大小等。他在句中既可作定语，又可作表语，还可以与than连用。elder主要用来表示兄弟姐妹及子女长幼关系，意思是年长的。他在句中只作定语，不能与than连用。

［练一练］

1. Steven has a brother and three younger sisters

2. My daughter is four years , and she is three

years than my son.

3. I hear that his sister is ill.

4.This cinema is than we thought.

5. Some buildings and roads in Italy were built over two thousands years old.

6. The man needs a cane to help him walk, but he is still young at heart.

☆one 与it 的区别

one泛指同类事物中的任何一个；it上文提到过的同一事物，表示特指。

1.Jack caught a bib fish this morning. Now he is

cooking it for dinner.

A. it

B. this

C. one

D. that

2.–Linda, the new term is coming. Do you thing you need a school bag?

-Yes, I’m going to buy this afternoon.

A. it

B. this

C. one

D. that

☆对人称代词和物主代词的综合考察

人称代词应注意人称、数及格的变化；物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词相当于形容词常用来修饰名词；名词性物主代词相当于名词，常在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。

1. My sister is a clerk. works in a back here.

A. She

B. He

C. I

D. You

2. Miss Wang teaches English this term.

A. us

B. our

C. ourselves

3. –Why not tell Jane to use own dictionary.

--She said was lost.

A. her; hers

B. hers; her

C. her; she

D. hers; she

☆job作“工作”解时，特指“雇用工作”，是可数名词；work意为“工作、劳动”，指一般的工作，为普通名词，且是不可数名词。

［练一练］

1.is struggle. W

2. He never seems to finish any of the he starts. J

3. He has found a good in the bank. j

4. Hard is the key to success. W

5. The beginning is the most important in all . w

☆-I thick our chemistry teacher is working hard. He teaches us .

-Yes, but he hasn’t come today. He doesn’t feel.

A. good; well

B. good; good

C. well; good

D.well; well

[分析]good和well都表示“好”。Good是形容词，在句中作表语和定语。Well既可作副词又可作形容词。Well作副词时，在句中常作状语；作形容词时，在句中常用作表语指“身体好”。

☆cost, take, pay, spend都表示花费，但用法不同。它们分别用于以下句型中：Sth. cost(s) sb. some money; It takes sb. some time/money to do sth; \

Sb. pays some money for sth;

Sb. spends some time/money (in) doing sth./on sth.

如：这台电脑花了我八千元。

1.

2.

3.

4.

☆worth 是形容词，常用作表语，意为：“值……。”例如：

The dictionary is worth 100 yuan.

☆just now意为：刚才，刚刚，常用与一般过去时。now and then意为：时而right now意为：立刻from now on意为：从现在起。

☆either相当于名词，意为：（二者之中）任何一个；both常用于指两个人；all和none则用于指三个或三个以上的人或物；但all表示全部肯定，而none则表示全部否定。Either作主语时，谓语动词用单数；Both,all 作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；none作主语时，谓语动词用单数或复数均可。

-Which is more useful, biology or chemistry?

-I think them are useful.

A. either of

B. none of

C. both of

D. all of

☆七下知识点的考查

1. 若一种东西为两人共有，后一个人名用所有格形式，即在后一个人名后加“’s”如果不是两人共有，而是各自所有，则两个人名（或名词）都用所有格形式，且其后的名词应为复数。

(1). This is bedroom. The twin sisters like it very much.

A.Anne and Jane

B. Anne’s and Jane’s

B.Anne’s and Jane D. Anne and Jane’s

(2). These are bikes.

A. Jim and Sam’s

B. Jim’s and Sam

C. Jim’s and Sam’s

D. Jim and Sam

2. 对句型的考查

（1）.there be句式变为反意疑问句时，要用动词be的适当形式＋there来构成，如：isn’t there, is there…..（2）.there is(are) going to be…结构中的动词一定不能换成have，因为前一个is或are是be going to结构中的be动词，而不是there结构中be动词。

[1].There are some people on the playground, ?

A. aren’t there

B. are they

C. are there

[2]. –There a concert this evening.

3. 对冠词(a, an, the)及零冠词的考查

(1).不定冠词a/an表示“一”这一概念，相当于数词one.“a/an＋单数表示泛指，指一类人或物。此外，如表示”又一次，再一次“时，用a＋相对应的序数词。”

(2). 定冠词“the＋单数可数名词”表示特指或前文已经提到过的人或物，而且the也常和序数词搭配使用表示“第…….”.

(3). 抽象及物质名词前用零冠词（即不加冠词）。

除此之外，同学们还应该在平时学习中注意积累一些与冠词有关的固定搭配和习惯用法。

1. Jack bought useful book. book is also very interesting.

A. an;The

B. a; The

C. an; A

D. a; A.

2. In order to make it clear. I must go up to second floor and ask him second time.

A. the; a

B. a; the

C. an; the

D. a; a

3. We have three meals day. We have breakfast at 6:30 in morning every day.

A. the; the; the

B. the;/;the

C. a;/the

D. a;the;the

主谓一致考点归类

考点一：语法一致原本则。主要考察主语和谓语在语法上保持人称和数的一致。

1.We usually have six lessons a day, and each of

them 45 minutes.

A. last

B. lasts

C. have

D. need

析：选B。本题中的them有each of修饰，故其后的谓语动词用单数形式。作主语的名词前若加了each of, one of, none of, either of, neither of, every of等修饰成分时，句子的主语强调个体，谓语动词用单数形式。

2. Reading a good book much better than watching a bad program.

A. are

B. is

C. were

D. be

析：选B。不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

3. of the workers in the company is about two hundrend. of them are women workers.

A. The number; The number

B. A number; A number

C. The number; A number

D. A number; The number

析：选C。a number of意为“许多的，大量的”，用来修饰可数名词，相当于many。他作主语时，谓语动词用复数。The number of意为“。。。。的数量”，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。

4. Everyone except Bill and Jim there when the meeting began.

A. was

B. is

C. are

D. were

析：选A.单数名词作主语和together with, along with, but,except等词连用时，谓语动词用单数形式。有本题从句中的谓语动词began可推断出应用一般过去时。

5. They said the eighteen and last lesson quite easy.

A. is

B. was

C. are

D. were

析：选。当连接的两个单数名词或代词指的是同一个人或物，或者是表示同一概念的名词时，谓语动词用单数。／如：一只花猫，涂黄油的面包，本题中的指第18课，几最后一课，因此谓语动词用单数形式。

6. How time flies! Ten years passed.

A. have

B. has

C. is

D. are

析：选表示时间、长度、金钱等的名词复数形式作主语时，常被看作一个主体，谓语动词通常用单数形式。本体中的主语是，因此谓语动词用单数形式。

7. The family on a visit to Paris now.

A. is

B. are

C. will be

D. was

析：选等是集体名词，。若他们被看作整体时，谓语动词用单数形式；若他们被看作组成这个集体成员时，谓语动词则用复数形式。

8. Jim, someone waiting for you at the gate.

A. are

B. is

C. was

D. /

析：选复合不定代词等作主语时，谓语动词应用单数形式。

9. Neither Mary nor her parents to Australia, but they know the country quite well.

A. have been

B. have gone

C. has been

D. has gone

析：选并列连词作主语时，谓语动词要和邻近的主语保持一致。本句中的谓语动词应和保持一致，故排除两项。有后半句的意思可判断应选

10. Look! There some water and cakes on the table.

A. is

B. are

C. was

D. were

析：选A。一般来说，在结构中，谓语动词要和其邻近的主语保持一致。本句中的主语是是不可数名词，故本句的谓语动词应用单数形式。又由可知，此句应用一般现在时，因此应选A.

易混动词考点解析

考点一、考察词义相同，用法不同的动词

★arrive, get, reach

1.－Did you see Mr Smith when you were in Frace?

－No, when I France, he had go to China.

A.had arrive to

B. arrived to

C. had got to

D. got to

简析：选D。arrive, get, reach都表示到达，但用法不同。Arrive和get都是不及物动词，后跟地点名词时，必须加上相应的介词；后接here ,there ,home 等副词时，不带介词，如arrive here/there/home; get there/here/home。reach是及物动词，起后可直接跟地点名词作宾语。例如：

(1) He arrived in, at/ got to/reached Beijing the day before yesterday.

(2) When did you get/arrive/reach home yesterday?

★hope, wish, expect

2.－Do you thick our football team will win the match?

－Yes. We have better players. So I them to win.

A. hope

B. ask

C. help

D. expect

3.－The Chinese ping-pong players will join the match.Let’s them success.

A. wish

B. to wish

C. hope

D. to hope

4. I hope a good job in a foreign company after I graduate school.

A.to find; from

B. find; from

C. to find; at

D. finding; at

简析：2～4DAA。hope 和wish 都可以表示“希望”，后面接从句或不定式作宾语。两者的不同之处在于：1）.wish 后可接双宾语表示祝愿，而hope则不能。例如：

Wish you success. 祝你成功！

2）.wish后可接不定式作宾补，而hope则不行。例如：

My parents wish me to grow up quickly. 我父母希望我快点长大。

3）. 后接宾语从句时，两者所用的时态不同。例如：

I hope she won’t come tonight.(从句用陈述语气表示某事或某物很有把握现实或得到)

I wish I were a bird.(从句用虚拟语气表示一种无法实现的不真实的愿望)

Expect 意为“期望、盼望、料想”，起后可接名词、不定式或从句作宾语，也可接不定式作宾补。例如：He’s expecting his mother’s letter all the time.

We are expected to work on Saturday.

考察结构相似，意以不同的动词短语

★look for/look after/look like/look over/look up/look out/look through/look into/look up to

5. The little girl her mother. She has a round face and two big eyes.

A.looks for

B.looks over

C. looks after

D. looks like

6. You can his number book if you’re not sure of it.

A. look up

B. look for

C. look over

D. look into

7.－! There’s a car coming.

－Oh, thanks.

A. Look up

B. Look after

C. Look over

D. Look out

简析：5～7DAD。Look for意为“寻找“；look after意为“照顾”；look like意为：“看起来像”look over意为“检查”look up意为“查寻”look out意为“当心”look through意为“浏览”look into意为“向。。。。。的里看”look up to 意为“尊重”.

★clean up/look up/pick up/open up

8. More and more foreigners want to their companies in Dalian.

A. clean up

B. look up

C. pick up

D. open up

简析：选D. clean up 意为：打扫干净；look up意为：查寻；pick up意为“拾起，捡起；意为：open up开办。根据句意，应用open up。

考点三：考察某些动词短语的用法

9. Will you please before six o’clock? I don’t want to be late.

A.wake me up

B. to wake me up

C. wake up me

D. to wake up me

简析：选A.。wake sb. up意为：把某人叫醒。此结构中，up是副词，当宾语是代词时，应放在动词和副词之间；当宾语是名词时，放在动词之后或动词和副词之间均可。Will you please…. ？意为：请你……好吗？，后接动词原形。故应选wake me up.

and, but, or用法展播厅

☆第一展厅：and的基本用法

1. and意为“和、且”，在肯定句中可以连接并列成分，表示并列、顺承或递进关系。例如：

他又说又笑。He is laughing and talking.

格林先生于2000年来到中国，自那以后她一直居住在这里

Mr Ereen came to China in 2000 and he has lived here ever since.

2. 在“祈使句＋and….”结构中，and有“那么”之意。例如：

努力学习，你就会通过这次考试。Study hard, and you will pass the exam.=If you study hard, you will pass the exam.

3. and一般用在肯定句中连接并列成分。他也可用在否定句中列举并列成分，但此时该句应该是双重否定句或and前后都有否定词。例如：

没有空气和水人类不能生存.

Man can’t live without air and water.

月球上既没有空气也没有水。

There is no air and no water on the moon

☆第二展厅：but的基本用法

1.but是表示转折关系的连词，意为“但是”。强调but后的内容与其前的内容相对或相反。例如：

所然他很穷，但是它有许多朋友。

He is poor but he has many friends.

2.还可以表示礼貌拒绝或不同意，这时指其连接作用，无实际意义。例如：

对不起，我上课迟到了。I’m sorry, but I’m late for class.

3. 我们在使用but时，要避免受汉语影响而误用although(though)….but….”结构。两个连词只能用其中一个。表示让步意义时，也可不用but，应用yet, still等。例如：

［误］: Although the book is old, but I love it.

［正］: Although the book is old, I love it.

［正］: The book is old, but I love it.

［正］: The book is old, yet I love it.

☆第三展厅：or的基本用法

1.or意为“或”，表示一种选择。例如：

你想喝茶还是咖啡？would you like tea or coffee?

2.在“祈使句＋or…”结构中or 有“否则之意。例如：

努力学习，否则你就会失败.

Study hard, or you will fail.=If you don’t study hard, you’ll fail.

3.or用在否定句中表示并列关系。例如：

汤姆即不会读也不会写.Tom can’t read or write. 4.or用在特殊疑问句中表示追加提问，提出几种情况供对方选择。例如：

面包，牛奶你更喜欢那一个？

［趁热打铁］

1.–Yo u watched the fashion show last night, didn’t you?

--Yes, I missed the beginning.

A. but

B. so

C. and

D. then

2. Study hard, you are sure to have a good result in the exam.

A. or

B. and

C. for

D. but

3. There goes the bell. Hurry up. you will be late for class.

A. and

B. but

C. or

D. that

4. Which one is yours, A B?

A. but

B. and

C. or

5.Do more sports and you’ll be healthier.

, you’ll be healthier.

形容词和副词考点揭秘

形容词是用来描写或修饰名词或（代词）的一类词。形容词通常在句中作定语、表语和补语。副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词及全句的词，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念，副词在句中常作状语。

一、考察在具体的语境中对形容词或副词的理解运用能力

命题特点：中考对形容词和副词的基本词义和词性的考查，主要是通过语境来体现的。同学们应数记此类词中常见词义和用法。

1. –Jone’s dog died last week. That made him very.

-Poor boy! He loved it so much.

A. sad

B. better

C. easy

D. interesting

2.–Isn’t that Mary?

--Yes. She always has a(an) smile on her face.

A. alone

B. kindly

C. own

D. friendly

3. This kind of shirt looks and sells .

A.nice; well

B. nice; good

C. well; well

D. good; nice

析：选A。句中的LOOK是连系动词，意为“看起来”，故其后接形容词作表语；Sell为不及物动词，意为“卖，销售”，故用副词来修饰。

二、考查易混的形容词和副词

命题特点：创设语境，考查易混形容词和副词用法上的差别。如：every和each; little 和few; either 和either; lonely和alone 等

4. I don’t care what you say, I believe I could beat you at chess day of week.

A. some

B. any

C. each

D. every

析：选B。根据题意应为“这个星期的任何一天，我都可以打败你。”ANY用在肯定句中，表示“任何一个”。

5. If you don’t want to go swimming , I won’t,.

A. too

B. also

C. either

D. neither

析：该题选C。表“也”时，either 通常用于否定句中。

三、考查形容词和副词比较等级的用法

（1）。考查原级

形容词和副词的原级比较，肯定形式用as+“形容词（副词）原级+as”，表示“和…一样”；否定形式用not as(so)+“形容词（副词）原级+as”，表示“和…..不一样”。前一个as为副词，后一个as为连词，连接句子。

6. Bob never does his homework Mary. He makes lots of mistakes.

A. so careful as

B. as careful as

C. carefully as

D. as careful as

（2）。考查比较级

命题特点：对比较级形式的考查，一方面是通过考查基本结构来体现的，如“形容词（副词）比较级＋”表示“二者相比，一方更。。。”；“＋比较级＋”表示“两者中较。。。的一个”；“＋比较级，＋比较级”表示“越。。。。，越。。。。”；比较级＋＋比较级“表示”越来越。。。”等。另一方面是考查比较的对象、范围及比较的修饰语。在使用比较级时，要注意比较的对象必须是同类事物。此外，当进行比较的双方在同一范围时，注意要在后表示比较对象的名词前加上一词，将前被比较的排除出去。否则，就会出现与自身相比较的矛盾现

象。再就是比较级的修饰语可以用等表示程度的副词。

7．－Have you decided which you’d like to buy, the black skirt or the pink skirt?

1.回顾“If”的用法：

1）.What would you do if you had a million dollars?

此句中的“if” 引导的条件状语从句。当if从句所表达的内容不是事实或者是不可能发生的情况时，主句用过去将来时，从句用一般过去时；若谓语动词是be时，任何人称都用were.

2).if 表示如果，引导的条件状语从句时，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。If you don’t hurry, you’ll be late for school.

3)表示“是否“时，引导宾语从句。I don’t know if he will help me.

UNIT TWO

1.怎么了？/什么事？

2.寻找

3.就。。来说

4.不再

5.考虑，打算

6. 有点难

7.数百万的

8.作为。。。而闻名

9. 事实上10. I was looking for some old copies of the school magazines.

11.据我所知12.我们不再有学校杂志了。

13.听起来像是一个好主意。

14. 我们一直被他的思想影响。

15.为什么不干某事？

16.look for find

17. hundred thousand million

18. 本句中的no longer可以与not...any longer 替换，主要用来表示时间或距离的“不再”，意在对现在的情况和过去的情况加以比较，故多用于现在时。

You are no longer a child. (=You aren’t a child any longer.)

你已不再是个孩子了。

◎no longer一般修饰延续性动词，表示某个动作或状态不再延续下去。

He no longer lives here. (=He doesn’t live here any longer.)

他不再住在这里了。

◎no more相当于not...any more，主要用来表示数量和程度，常常修饰短暂性动词，表示某动作不再重复发生。

The baby no more cried. (=The baby didn’t cry any more.) 这个小孩不再哭了。

He is no more a student. (=He isn’t a student any more.) 他不再是个学生了。

1.他是一个可爱聪明的小孩。

2.he finds himself in many exciting adventures.

3.逃跑

4.在。。。中部

5.迷路

6. 决定干某事

7.每个人看打他很吃惊。

8. 他们很乐意看到他活着。

9. 害怕。。。。10.这个故事的主题11. 。。。中最。。。的一个

12.故事的主题和孩子们的成长以及变得更加成熟稳健有关。

13.appear alive

14. death (n.)-----__________ (adj) ---------__________(v) eg: 1) His mother’s ________ was a great blow to him.

2). Her grandfather _________last year.(同义句) Her grandfather ________ for

a year.

15.to one’s surprise 意思是令我惊讶的是，他考试失败。__________________________ _______________

.还常用于以下两个词组：

be surprised at sth eg: We are surprised at the news.

in surprise 惊奇的He asked in surprise , “Haven’t you ever seen the film before?”

UNIT 1

1.发生了什么事？

2.我们正在开会

3.我一点儿也不知道

4.仔细听

5.他创办了一个叫新标准的校刊。

6.记下

7.我们将写一篇学校事件的日记

8.我就为我们喜爱的乐队和电影做一些评论

9.对。。。采访

10.一些关于如何取得好成绩的方法

11.世界奇迹

12.自然界最伟大的奇迹

13.到达。。。

14.我从车里出来

15.穿过一个门沿着路走

16.但是这儿什么也看不到

17.一个陌生人出现在我面前。

18.reply answer

19.我仔细地查看他们，但是仍然太黑看不清

20.太阳升起在我身后

21.我看到地面沉降至下面深谷中的一条河里在。。。的边缘

22.自然界奇迹之一

23.向下看

24.在。。底部

25.我眺望峡谷的另一边

26.向我的左边看

27.在两边

28.消失在远处

Module 4

1. 伟大的发明

2.向某人寻求帮助

3.borrower lender keep

4. 想要干某事

5.在学校旅游

6.照相

7.从现在起8.在屏幕上9.一两个月

10.照看照顾/ 处理照顾关照11.关掉打开把声音调大把声音调小

12.你能帮我吗？

13.我想照一些像.

14.他还没有被出版吗？

15.如果杂志在屏幕上，纸就不再需要了。

16.书能被电脑代替吗/

17. 没关系，我会处理的。

18. 发明发明家发明

1. 在去某地的路上

2.浏览

3.由..制成

4.在纸上

5.一次

6.用手工

7. 结果

8.在木板上9.在///开始10. 快速扩展

11. 跟..比较

12.书能被电脑代替吗？

13.浏览杂志

14.without develop

15. be made from/of意为“由……（原料）制成”，后面一般接物质名词。接from则表示某物品制成后，已看不出原材料是什么，原材料在制作过程中已起了化学变化；接of表示某物品制成后，仍可看得出原材料，其原料在制作过程中仅起了物理变化。

Nylon is made from air, coal and water.尼龙是由空气，煤和水加工制成的。

Wine is made from grapes. 葡萄酒是由葡萄制成的。

The desk is made of wood. 这桌子是由木头做的。

The shoes are made of cloth.这鞋子是用布做的。

知识拓展

◎be made up of表示某物或某组织由一种种成分或一个个成员组成。

A TV set is made up of hundreds of different parts.

电视机是由数百个不同的零件组装成的。