定语从句讲解总结
定语从句讲解
一. 定语从句
1. 注意英汉差异：汉语的定语无论多长都放在被修饰词的前面，而英语中的定语则不然，是一个词时，放在被修饰词的前面，
女口：①.a beautiful girl ②.a lovely boy
是两个以上的词组、短语或从句则放在被修饰词的后面，
女口：③.She is the girl in red. 她就是穿红衣的女孩。
④.The lady carried a bag full of mo ney. 那位女士背了个装满钱的包。
⑤.He is the man who you are looki ng for. 她就是你在找的人。
2. 分清主句与从句，看究竟哪个句子缺少成分。
如上面第5：主句：He is the man
从句：who you are look ing for
在从句中，looking for的宾语是the man.因此选用关系代词who(whom)放置于句首，便是定语从句。
3. 从句中做宾语的关系代词可以省略，故第5题可以写成：
He is the man you are look ing for.
二. 定语从句(从句部分)
1、功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语
2、位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后
Those who are willi ng to atte nd the party, sig n here please.
3、先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词
(1)先行词一般是名词和不定代词，
女口:some-, any-, every- 禾口no 与-boy, -thing 的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those 等代词。
数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。
（2）先行词与关系词是等量关系。必须注意两点:
①先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。
This is the place which is worth visit ing.
②关系词在从句句子中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。
There are many places we can visit （them）in China.
4、关系词：引导定语从句的都称关系词
关系代词：which, that, who, whom, whose, as。
关系副
词：when, where, why 。 that偶尔也作关系副词。
5、确定关系词的步骤
（1）先找关系词，看先行词指的是什么。
（2）看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。
.关系代词which的用法
1. English is a Ianguage.
It is spoke n all over the world.
=> En glish is a lang uage which is spoke n all over the world.
2. He looked for a car.
The engine of the car was in good con diti on.
=>He looked for a car the engine of which was in good con diti on.
英语是世界各地都在使用的语言。
3. Where is the parcel?
We received it this morning.
=> Where is the parcel (which) we received this morning?
?关系代词that的用法
1. He 's in love with a girl that/who has red hair. 他正和一位红发女孩谈恋爱。
2. Baseball is the sport that/ which most boys like.
棒球是大多数男孩喜欢的运动。
三. 注意that/ which区别：
在定语从句中，当先行词指物时，下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用which
(1)先行词被形容词最高级修饰
1. Today is the coldest day (that) we have ever experieneed. 今天是我们经历过最寒冷的一天。
(2)先行词被序数词修饰
2. The first thing (that) you have to do is to study mathematics.
你必须做的第一件事就是学习数学。
(3)先行词中既有人又有物时。
3. The driver and the car that had falle n into the sea were quickly recovered.
今天早上我们收到的包裹在哪里?
掉到海里的司机和车子很快就被捞起来了。
(4)主句中已有疑问词who或which时
4.1 Who is the woma n that was praised at the meeti ng? 在大会上被表扬的那位妇女是谁？
4.2 Which is the picture (that) Mary painted? 哪一幅是Mary 画的画？
(5)先行词被only、any、few、little、no、all、one of、the same、the very 等修饰时。
5. Li Mi ng is the only one that wants to be a teacher. 李明是唯一一个想当老师的学生之一。
(6)先行词为all、much、little、none、few、one、something、anything 等不定代词时。
6.1 All (that) he said was n ot true. 他所说的并非全是真的。
6.2 We have n't got much that we can offer you. 我们没有多少东西能身你们提供。
6.3 My brother fixed almost anything that needed repairi ng. 我哥哥几乎修理了任何一个需要修理的东西。
(7)有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用which,另一个宜用that.
7. Edis on built up a factory which produced things that had never bee n see n before.
爱迪生办了一家工厂，生产过去从未见到过的东西。
在定语从句中，下列情况的关系词宜用which而不用that
(1) 可用于非限定性定语从句中，代替物、整个主句或主句中的一部分。
(2) 可用于介词之后，即介词+ which (代物)。
1.1s that the man?
You lent the money to him._
Is that the man (whom/that) you lent the money to _ . 那位就是跟你借钱的人吗？
Is that the man to whom you lent the money ?(这里的whom 不能被that 代替)
2. The train for which I am waiti ng is now half an hour late. 那班我正在等的火车现在已晚了半小时。
3. This is the habit which you must try to do with. __ 这是你必须改掉的习惯。
(如果是固定短语，介词不能被提到关系代词前)
四.
1. This is the man with whom I worked.
2. This is the teacher who often tells jokes.
五. 关系词 who 与that 的区别
关系词who 与that 指人时，也有不同情况分别用不同的关系词 (1 )当主句是there be 句型时，关系词用 who 。
(2) 先行词是为 anyone 、those 、some one 、every one 、one 等词时，关系词用 who 。 (3) 当主句是who 作疑问词时，关系词用 that 。
Who is that girl that is sta nding by the win dow?
(4)
whom 在从句中只作宾语，可被 who 取代。
六. 关系代词whose 的用法
这位就是和我一起工作的人 这就是那个常讲笑话的老师。
Whose
1. He looked for a car.
Its engine was in good con diti on.
=> He looked for a car whose engine was in good condition. 他在找一部弓I擎状况好的车子。
七. What的用法
重点：
What = the thin g（s） which
=all that
=anything that
1. The thing which I want is peace of mind.
=> What I want is peace of mind. 我所析是心灵的平静。（经典口语句）
2. She told the detectives all that they wan ted to know.
=> She told the detectives what they wan ted to know. 她告诉侦探们他们想要知道的所有事情。
3. I don't know what they were talking about.
A.我不知道他们谈论的事情。（关系代词）
B.我不知道他们在谈论什么。（疑问词）
注意what的重点:
1. What is called/ what we(you, they) call 所谓的
She is what is called /what we call a walk ing dictionary. 他是所谓的活字典。
2. A is to... What B is to ... A 之对...的关系正如B之对...的关系
Air is to us what water is to fish. 空气之于人犹如水之于鱼。
3. What A is (was/used to be) 今日的A (昔日的A)
She is not what she was ten years ago. 她不再是十年前的她。
4. What is + 比较级更...的是
What is more 更好的是；而且
What is worse = to make matters worse 而且更糟的是
八. 关系代词可省略
1.关系代词作宾语可省略
The lady (whom) we met on the street is our teacher. 我们在街上遇见的女士是我们的老师。
2.关系代词作补语可省略
She is not the beautiful girl (that) she was. 她现在不像以前那么漂亮
3. 在there(here) is (are)的句型中，关系代词可省略。
1. There is some one (who) wants to see you. 有人想要见你。
2. There are many young men who are against him. 有许多年轻人反对他。
注意：在there be开头的句子中，要注意be动词的单、复数要与关系代词who后面的谓语动词的单复数保持一致。
4. 关系代词后有there(here) is (are),关系代词可省略。
This is the only tie (that) there is in this store. 这是这家店里唯一的一个领带。
九. one of 与the (only) one of 的区别
1.0 ne of +复数名词+关系代词+动词的复数
定语从句专项知识点总结汇总
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Is he the man who/that wants to see you? (who/that在从句中作主语) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. (whom/that在从句中作宾语) 2) whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语，若指物，它还可以同of which互换). 例如： Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等. 例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. (which / that在句中作宾语) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. (which / that在句中作宾语) 关系代词that和which 都可以指物，that 和Who 都可以指人，其用法区别：
英语定语从句简单总结
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(新)高中英语语法定语从句总结全
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高中英语语法定语从句总结全
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定语从句用法归纳完整版
定语从句用法归纳标准化管理处编码[BBX968T-XBB8968-NNJ668-MM9N]
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高考英语定语从句难点总结归纳
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定语从句 概念：定语从句，一个简单句跟在一个名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。在主句中充当定语成分。被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况，它通常只能放在被修饰的词（即先行词）之后。定语从句由关系词（关系代词、关系副词）引导，关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。 结构：先行词+关系词+从句 关系词： 关系词的类型：关系代词：who,whom,which,that,在从句中可作主语或宾语，whose,在从句中作定语 关系副词：why,where,when,其中why=for which，where=in/at/on which， when=during/on/in which,在从句中做状语 关系词的作用：1.连接作用，连接主句和定语从句 2.指代前面的先行词 3.在定语从句中担任成分 关系词的选择:1.看先行词（被定语从句修饰的词）先行词是“物”可能用which，that，whose,where，when，why等,先行词是“人”可能用who，whom，that， whose等 2.看关系词在定语从句中所担任的句子成分①先行词是人且关系词在从句 中作主语，用who/that②先行词是人且关系词在从句中作宾语，用 whom/that③先行词是物且关系词在定语从句中作主语，用that,which. ④先行词是物且关系词在从句中作宾语，用that,which，也可以省略 记住：关系代词作宾语或表语是可以省略的，作主语是不能省略的，因为主 语后直接是动词，省略的话就出现先行词直接接从句动词的语法错误。举例： Is there anything that you want to say? 中的that就可以省略。而He is the headmaster of this school who also teaches Chemistry. 中的who就不能省 略。⑤先行词是“人”或“物”，关系词在从句中作定语表所属关系，用 whose引导定语从句.注意：表示所属关系不仅仅是人,这个就叫做所属关系， 因此所属关系除了whose以外就有两个，对人是of whom,对物是of which. ⑥先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，则用关系副词引导定语从句。注意： 如果从句中的谓语动词是及物动词且后面无宾语，那么，即使先行词是表时 间、地点或理由的名词，也不能用关系副词（when，why，where），而要用 可作宾语的关系代词that或which，要考试的同学们千万千万要记住哦！ 3.必须用that引导的情况①先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等②先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰③先行词被 all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰④先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时⑤先行词既有人又有物时⑥当句中已有who时， 为避免重复用that 限定与非限定定语从句 定语从句可分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句 限定性定语从句： 例：I like the book which he bought yesterday.(我喜欢他昨天买的书) 非限定性定语从句：
英语六大从句用法总结
英语中六大从句用法总结 从句是指用于复合句中担当某个句子成分的主谓结构。虽说从句自身的句子结构是完整的，但是它不能视为独立的句子，因为它离开了主语就无法独立、完整地表达意思。按其所能表达的意义而言,它相当于一个词或是一个词组. 按从句的句子功能划分（也就是按从句在句子中所担任的成分来划分），从句可分为：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句。 1.主语从句 1）主语从句可直接位于主语的位置，如果从句较长，谓语又较短，可用it作形式主语，而将从句放在句末。常见的句型有： *It is a fact\a pity\a question\good news that... *It seems\appears\happened\has turned out that... *It is clear\important\likely\possible that... *It is said\reported\estimated\has been proved that... It is said that comic books create a connection between people of the same generation. It seems that the performance is very useful. 2)what引导的主语从句表示“...的东西时”，一般不用it作形式主语。 What we lack is experience. 3)what,who,when,why,whether等词含有各自的疑问意义，但它们引导的主语从句，都用陈述语序。 How the plan is to be carried out should be discussed again. I did know why I felt like crying. 2.宾语从句 1）宾语从句可位于及物动词、介词和某些形容词后。连词that常可省略。介词后一般接疑问词引导的宾语从句。in that(因为),except that(除了),but that(只是）已构成固定搭配，其他介词后一般不接that引导的宾语从句。 *I promised that I would change the situation. *All this is different from what American young people would say about friendship. *He is certain that watching so much television is not good for children. *This article is well-written except that it is a bit too long. 2)宾语从句后如有宾补，要用形式宾语it来代替，而把宾语从句移至宾补之后。 He has made it clear that he would not change his mind. 3)在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词后的宾语从句中，如果谓语是否定的，一般将否定词移至主句谓语上，宾语从句则变成肯定形式。 He didn't think that the money was well spent. 3.表语从句 表语从句出现在结构为“主语+系动词+表语从句”的句子中。表语从句除可用that,what,when,why,whether,how等引导外，还可由because,as if(though)等引导。that常可省略。如主句主语为reason,只能用that引导表语从句，不可用because.
高中定语从句知识点汇总
高中定语从句知识点汇 总 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
定语从句知识点汇总 一、先行词 二、关系词 1.关系代词： 2.关系副词： 三、分类 1.限制性定语从句：对先行词有限制，区分的作用，并与先行词有着不可分割的关系，不能省略 2.非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明的作用，可省略不会影响主句的意思，与主句用逗号隔开 4.1有些既可以做限制性，又可以做非限制性的定语从句，其含义不同 There are 20 students in this class who are from the north of China. There are 20 students in this class,who are from the north of China. 5.关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句 四、关系词的用法 1.which,that which指物，在从句中作主语，宾语 that指人或物，指人可与who，whom互换；指物可与which互换 2.who,whom 从句中的介词提到关系代词词前，whom作宾语，不能用who代替 In our class there are 46 students, of whom half wear glasses. 先行词为指人的one,ones,anyone或those时，关系代词用who；双重定语从句中一个定语从句的关系代词是that，另一个指人的关系代词用who。 3.whose 表示“……的”。可指人或物。用来指物时， whose+名词=限定词+名词+of which=of which+限定词+名词 The house whose windows face south is ours. The house the window of which face south is ours.=The house of which the window face south is
定语从句总结
定语从句总结 定语从句在句中相当于一个形容词，起定语的作用，修饰说明名词、代词或主语的全部内容。通常在被修饰的词语（即先行词）之后，由“关系词”引导。定语从句的三种功能：1.连接功能：连接从句，引导一个定语从句 2.指代功能：指代先行词 3.语法功能：在定语从句中充当句子成分 (定语从句中的关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种) that which who whom whose when where why 注: 关系代词在句中充当主语、定语、宾语，因此定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。 1.关系代词在从句中作主语时不能省略 ①A plane is a machine which / that can fly . (作主语) The dog which / that was lost has been found . (作主语) ②The number of people who / that lost homes reached 250,000 . Here comes the girl who / that wants to see you . 2.关系代词在句中作宾语时可省略 ①The noodles that / which I cooked were delicious .（作宾语） This is the book that / which I want to read . The letter that / which I received yesterday was from my father . ②The girl who / that we saw yesterday is Mary . Mr Li is a man whom / who / that we should lear from . Do you know the man whom / who / that is talking to ? 3.关系代词在从句中做定语 ①The novel whose cover was broken blongs to me . ②Henery is the boy whose mother is our English teacher . I know the person whose company produces computers .