《本科英语1》作业3

006#《本科英语1》作业3

PartⅠReading Comprehension

Directions: In this part there are four reading passages. Each passage is followed by some questions or incomplete statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You are required to choose the best answer from the four choices. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

Questions 1-5 are based on the following passage.

I am not a computer expert. 1 never learned much in the way of math. And I am quite puzzled by things like engineering or electronics.

Then why am I able to write about computers? I can write on this subject because of these shortcomings. The last two years of learning has been a severe test for me. By hard work I have managed to learn enough to use computers fairly well, and to work with people who know a great deal more than I. Since I have learned all this at such personal cost, I would like to share my knowledge with others.

The best way to learn is to take a course. However, many people do not have the time for this. They will have to find some other way to get basic information. I hope to be able to help them by writing about some of the things I have learned myself.

I have a home computer on which I have learned in my own time. I have used it like a home study course. I have sat down with it day after day, night after night, I have forced it to give up some of its secrets. Now I can use it to do some of the work that I get paid for. And I can do this work in my own home, instead of in an office. Many people may soon be working on a computer at home, just as many now take in other people’s typing.

Some things about computers are easier than you may fear. First, computers are logical. Things that at first seem difficult will make sense to you after you learn the rules. Second, it is really not hard to learn enough to use today’s machines. You do not need to be a great brain. But you do have to learn to think in new ways. And you do have to keep a good bit of information in your head. (90) Finally, there are many people around who are really enthusiastic about computers. These people are always happy to be of help.

1. According to the passage, computers can best be described as ___ C____

A. difficult

B. puzzling

C. logical

D. secret

2. It can be inferred that the author had to _B______ in order to write about computers.

A. Learn electronics

B. study very hard

C. learn from other people

D. take a home study course

3. The phrase ?°a great brain?± in the last paragraph most probably means D

A. a great man

B. a person with a big head

C. a remarkable success

D. an intelligent person

4. It is implied that the author _B_______

A. has got a great deal of help from others

B. has known a lot of things about computers

C. has got enough knowledge about science and math

D. has known more about computers than her colleagues

5. The main idea of the last paragraph is that to learn to use a computer C

A. must take enough course

B. should be with a clever brain

C. is not so difficult as one thinks

D. is hard to think in new ways

Questions 6-10 are based on the following passage.

In order to learn a foreign language well, it is necessary to overcome the fear of making mistakes. If the primary goal of language use is communication, the mistakes are secondary consideration that may be dealt with

gradually as awareness of those mistakes increases. On the other hand, students should not ignore their mistakes.

(88) The language learner may observe how native speakers express themselves, and how native expressions differ from the way the learner might say them. For example, a Spanish speaker who has been sa ying “1 do it” to express willingness to do something in the immediate future, could, by interacting with native speakers of English, observe that native speakers actually say “I’ ll do it”. The resulting discrepancy can serve as a basis for the student to modify his way of using the present tense in English. But a student who is unwilling to interact in the first place would lose this opportunity to learn by trial and error.

6. According to the passage, foreign language students should not worry too much

about making mistakes because _____B___

A. native speakers will ignore their mistakes

B. communication is the primary goal of language learning

C. native speakers like foreign students who try to learn their language

D. everyone makes mistakes when trying to communicate in a strange language

7. The passage indicates that the present tense in English is ___A______

A. basically the same in English as it is in Spanish

B. not the most difficult problem for foreign students

C. not used to express a desire to do something in the immediate future

D. used with some verbs but not with others to express future intention

8. The author thinks that language learners can reduce the number of their mistakes by _D____

A. asking native speakers for explanations

B. reading good books in the foreign language

C. speaking without regard to native speakers

D. comparing their speech with that of native speakers

9. The passage implies that foreign students who do not interact with native speakers will not _ _D_.

A. have to worry about making mistakes

B. learn very much about the foreign culture

C. learn about the history of the foreign language

D. take advantage of available language models

10. The author's major conclusion about the function of mistakes in foreign language learning is that . D

A. mistakes do not interfere with communication

B. learners are often very afraid of making mistakes

C. mistakes are not important in the process of learning a language

D. making mistakes can help the learner discover the rules of the language

Questions 11-15 are based on the following passage

During a state of deep relaxation, several physiological changes take place in the body: the body’s oxygen consumption is reduced; the heart beat decreases; muscle tension and sweating ease, and there is decreased sympathetic (交感的) nervous system activity. This restful state not only allows the body to repair and restore itself, but it has a calming effect on the consciousness.

How to achieve this state of relaxation, however, is a matter of opinion, and in some medical circles, a matter of controversy. A recent report by Dr. David Holmes of the University of Kansas in the journal “American psychologist” said that simp le sitting in an armchair has just as many beneficial characteristics for the body as meditation does. Researchers of other relaxation techniques disagree. These experts believe that more structured techniques, such as meditation, lead to a condition of deep relaxation.

The debate goes on. but one thins appears to be clear: the relaxation response can be reached by a number of methods, and the methods themselves are not as important as getting there. One day, one method may work best; on another day, an alternative method may be more appropriate. Once you are aware of all the methods, you can find the one that works best for you.

Some of the relaxation techniques are meditation, auto analysis (自我心理分析) and progressive muscle relaxation response than just sitting quietly in a chair, they have the added benefit of structure and discipline, and for these reasons appear to be more effective for most individuals.

11. The passage indicates that a state of deep relaxation is not only good for one’s body, but al so

beneficial to __B_______

A. heart beat

B. consciousness

C. muscle tension

D. sympathetic nervous system

12. People seem to agree that ____C____

A. sitting in an armchair benefits a person as meditation does

B. what people are struggling for is a state of deep relaxation

C. to achieve a state of deep relaxation is possible through various means

D. structured consciousness relaxation techniques are more beneficial for a person

13. In the third paragraph, the phrase ?°getting there?± most probably means C

A. arriving at one’s destination

B. getting what one wants most

C. reaching a state of deep relaxation

D. finding out a suitable relaxation technique

14. As far as relaxation is concerned, the author indicates that ?a__A___

A. aims are more important than means

B. means are more important than aims

C. some relaxation techniques are better than others

D. more and more people are interested in relaxation techniques

15. The author’s attitude toward relaxation is best described as B

A. critical

B. objective

C. optimistic

D. subjective

PartⅡ Cloze

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

In any comprehension text you will find words that you don't know, You can 1 them up in a dictionary, of course, 2 it is a good idea to get 3 the habit of using a dictionary as 4 as possible, particularly if you are preparing 5 an examination. In fact, if you read the text 6 and think, it is usually possible to guess the 7 of most words that you don't know. Look 8 the context of each word - the sentence that it is9 , and the sentences that come before and after. Look to see 10 the word is repeated 11 in the text; the more often it is 12 , the easier it is to understand.

Some words 13 be guessed from looking at their 14 . But don't expect to be able to guess 15 of the new words in a text. There will be 16 that you can only get a general 17 of, and a few will be impossible. Don't 18 too much time worrying about these: the most 19 thing is to understand the text as a (an)20 as well as possible, and one or two difficult words will not usually make much difference.

（B）1. A.check B.look C.find D.try

（C）2. A.since B.because C.but D.therefore

（A）3. A.into B.by C.from D.through

（B）4. A.frequently B.rarely C.much D.farther

（D ）5. A.in B.into C.against D.for

（D ）6. A.quickly B.really C.strictly D.carefully

（A）7. A.meaning https://www.360docs.net/doc/f713163627.html,age C.context D.function

（A）8. A.for B.after C.at D.on

（ A ）9. A.with B.between C.for D.in

（A）10. A.if B.what C.how D.where

（B）11. https://www.360docs.net/doc/f713163627.html,ter https://www.360docs.net/doc/f713163627.html,te https://www.360docs.net/doc/f713163627.html,tely https://www.360docs.net/doc/f713163627.html,tter

（B）12. A.appeared B.counted https://www.360docs.net/doc/f713163627.html,ed D.shown

（D）13. A.must B.would C.should D.can

（A）14. A.forms B.faces C.builds D.blocks

（D）15. A.some B.any C.many D.all

（ A ）16. A.some B.little C.none D.much

（D ）17. A.model B.example C.concept D.idea

（A）18. A.waste B.have https://www.360docs.net/doc/f713163627.html,e D.try

（ B ）19. A.interesting B.important C.pressing D.advantageous （C）20. A.unity B.entire C.whole https://www.360docs.net/doc/f713163627.html,plete

PartⅢVocabularyandStructure

Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You are required to choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center

1. Marry ___A_____ be in Beijing because I saw her in town just a few minutes ago.

A. can’t

B. shouldn’t

C. mustn’t

D. may not

2. I haven’t got much money on me, but I gave them ___A_____ I had.

A. what

B. that

C. which

D. those

3. It seldom rains heavily in our region nowadays, ___A_____ ?

A. does it

B. isn’t

C. doesn’t it

D. will it

4. ___B______ or not, you are going to face him one day.

A. If you like it

B. Whether you like it

C. However you like it.

D. Whether do you like it

5. Even Charles, __D___，couldn’t move the piano a bit.

A. as he is strong

B. strong as is he

C. as strong he is

D. strong as he is

6. Shanghai has a larger population than ___A_____ in China.

A. any other city

B. all the cities

C. every city

D. any cities

7. ____B_____ that the early men feared it and worshipped it.

A. So great the power of fire was

B. So great was the power of fire

C. So great the power was of fire

D. So was the power of fire great

8. The way she talks is simply intolerable. He objects __C_______ like a child.

A. to be treated

B. to treat

C. to being treated

D. to treating

9. The hopes, goals, fears and desires _D_______ widely between men and women, between the rich and the poor.

A. alter

B. shift

C. transfer

D. vary

10. Some diseases are __D_______ by certain water animals.

A. transplanted

B. transformed

C. transported

D. transmitted

11. It is our _________ policy that we will achieve unity through peaceful means.

A. consistent

B. continuous

C. considerate

D. continual

12. In Britain people ________ four million tons of potatoes every year.

A. swallow

B. dispose

C. consume

D. exhaust

13. The manager lost his _________ just because his secretary was ten minutes late.

A. mood

B. temper

C. mind

D. passion

14. Please be careful when you are drinking coffee in case you ________ the new carpet.

A. crash

B. pollute

C. spot

D. stain

15. Although they plant trees in this area every year, the tops of some hills are still ________

A. blank

B. hollow

C. vacant

D. bare

16. They are twins and look very ________ . It is not easy to tell one from the other.

A. same B; alike C. like D. likely

17. People living in that busy street complain of the traffic noises which ________ them at night.

A. disturb

B. prevent

C. annoy

D. interfere

18. I warned him time and again not to lounge about () all day long, but he took no _______ of it.

A. concern

B. notice

C. attention

D. regard

19. Without my glasses, I can’t hardly ________ what has been written in the letter.

A. make for

B. make out

C. make up

D. make over

20. He was born in Japan but was ________ in China by an old couple.

A. brought out

B. brought up

C. brought in

D. brought through

PartⅣTranslation(15minutes,15%)

Directions: Translate the following sentences into Chinese. You may refer to the corresponding passages in Part I.

1. Although cities are often regarded as unhealthy places, city living provides benefits that country living may lack. 虽然城市常常被视为不健康的地方，但是城市生活提供了乡村生活所缺乏的好处。

2.In spite of the greatincrease of the oilprice，the reare still many people who buy cars．尽管石油的价格大幅度上涨，还是有很多人买车。

3.In order to make progressin their studies，students need to learn in dependently instead of relying on their teachers．要在学习上取得进步，学生需要具备独立学习的能力，而不是依赖老师。

4.The Arabs took the new numbers and made improvements that quickly led to advances in technology.

阿拉伯人采取了新的数字，并提出了改进，迅速导致技术进步。

PartⅤwriting(25minutes15%)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 25 minutes to write a composition on the topic “Competition and Co-operation”.. You are given the first sentence of each paragraph. And you are required to write a composition of no less than 100 words on the Answer Sheet.

Competition is a common phenomenon in our social life today. We compete when we play games, we try to do better than others in our study, and we often compete for jobs, customers, money, and so on. To some extent, we can say, competition is an important motive force of the development of society.

We often find competition and co-operation occurring at the same time. For example, during a football game, one team is competing with the other, but each member of the team must cooperate with his teammates. In most c ases, we can’t compete without cooperation. Thus they are equally important.

While advocating competition, we can’t forget co-operation. In modern society, cooperation is especially important, because most work is finished with and through other people. So we must combine competition with cooperation to reach our goal.