英语名词专题复习

名词专题复习一

一、目标：

1.理解并能区分所学的可数和不可数名词

2. 熟练掌握可数名词的复数形式构成及用法。

3.掌握物质名词及其量的表达方式。

二、名词的分类

名词可以分为和，

专有名词是某个（些）人，地方，机构等专有的名称，如Beijing，China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如：book，joy等。

普通名词又可分为下面四类：

1）个体名词（Individual Nouns）：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：doctor, house, photo。

2）集体名词（Collective Nouns）：表示若干个个体组成的集合体，如：family, class。

3）物质名词（Material Nouns）：表示无法分为个体的实物，如：rice, water, air。

4）抽象名词（Abstract Nouns）：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如：health, friendship。

三、名词复数的规则变化

1、一般情况加-s 1.清辅音后读/s/;map-maps

2.浊辅音和元音后读/z bag-bags /;car-cars

2、以s, sh, ch, x等结尾的词加-es读/iz/ bus-buses 、watch-watches

3、以ce, se, ze, (d)ge等结尾的词加-s读/iz/license-licenses

4、以辅音字母+y结尾的词，变y 为i再加es读/z/baby---babies

但是，以y 结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s变复数：如：monkey---monkeys，holiday---holidays

比较：楼层：storey ---storeys，story---stories

5、以o 结尾的名词，变复数时：

a. 加s，如：photo---photos piano---pianos radio---radios zoo---zoos；

b. 加es，如：potato--potatoes tomato--tomatoes

c. 均可，如：zero---zeros / zeroes

6、以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时：

a. 加s，如：belief---beliefs，roof---roofs，gulf---gulfs；

b. 去f,fe 加ves，如knife---knives，thief---thieves，leaf---leaves

wolf---wolves，wife---wives，life---lives

c. 均可,如：handkerchief: handkerchiefs / handkerchieves

四、名词复数的不规则变化

1、child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth mouse---mice man---men woman---women

注意：与man 和woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men 和-women。

如：an Englishman，two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；，

2、单复同形如：deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese

Li , jin，yuan，two li，three mu，four jin 美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如: a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters

※※选学：集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。

如：people police cattle（牛）等本身就是复数，不能说 a people，a police，a cattle，但可以说a person，a policeman，a head of cattle, the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用。如：The Chinese are industries and brave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。

以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，如： a. maths，politics，physics等学科名词，为不可数名词，是单数。

b. news 是不可数名词。

c. the United States（美利坚合众国），the United Nations（联合国）应视为单数。

如：The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。

d. 以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。

"The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book. <<一千零一夜>>是一本非常有趣的故事书。

3、表示由两部分构成的东西，如：glasses (眼镜)trousers,clothes

若表达具体数目，要借助数量词pair(对，双);suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers

4、另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表达别的意思，如：goods货物，waters水域，fishes （各种）鱼

五、不可数名词量的变化

1、物质名词：结构：数词+量词（可以是复数形式）+ of +不可数名词

a glass of water 一杯水；two glasses of water

a. 当物质名词转化为个体名词时。

比较：Cake is a kind of food.蛋糕是一种食物。(不可数) These cakes are sweet.这些蛋糕很好吃。(可数)

b. 当物质名词表示该物质的种类时，名词可数。

This factory produces steel.(不可数) We need various steels.(可数)

c. 当物质名词表示份数时，可数。

Our country is famous for tea. 我国因茶叶而闻名。

Two teas, please. 请来两杯茶。

※※选学：2）抽象名词有时也可数。

如：four freedoms 四大自由

the four modernizations四个现代化

名词专题复习二

综合练习Exercises

一、写出下列名词的复数形式。

baby, nurse, wish, fly, way, potato, fox, sheep, tooth, hero, mouse, wolf, photo, German, potato, Frenchman, Chinese,

二. 将下列句子中的词变成复数形式。

Example: This is a bus. — These are buses. She has a red bag. — They have red bags.

1. This is a brush.

2. That is a tomato.

3. He has a radio.

4. There is a photo on the wall.

5. He is a salesman.

三. 选择正确的选项填空。

1. ( ) Please remember to give the horse some tree___. A. leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave

2. ( ) -Would you like___ tea? -No, thanks. I have drunk two____.

A. any, bottles of orange

B. some, bottles of orange

C. many, bottles of oranges

D. few, bottle of oranges

3. ( ) John bought__ _for himself yesterday.

A. two pairs of shoes

B. two pair of shoe

C. two pair of shoes

D. two pairs shoes

4. ( ) -What would you like to have for lunch, sir? -I'd like____. !

A. chicken

B. a chicken

C. chickens

D. the chicken

5. ( ) There are five ___ in our factory.

A. woman driver B, women driver C. woman drivers D. women drivers

名词复习学案（第2课时）

一、目标：熟练掌握名词所有格的用法

二、名词的所有格

在英语中有些名词可以加’s来表示所有或所属关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格，如：a teacher’s book。名词所有格的规则如下：

名词的所有格的表示方法：（1）（2）

1）表示有生命的东西（人或动物）的名词所有格一般在名词后加’s。

my father’s study 我父亲的书房

a. 以s或es结尾的复数名词的所有格只在名词后加“’”。the teachers’reading room 教员阅览室

b. 不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格要加’s。the people’s right 人民的权利the women’s dress

c. 如专有名词以s结尾，它的所有格一般只加“’”，但也有加’s 的时候。Burns’poems 彭斯的诗

d. 复合名词的所有格的词尾’s 加在后面的名词之后。her son-in-law’s photo 她女婿的照片

e. 如果一样东西为两人共有，则只在后一个名词的后面加’s 。如果不是共有的，则两个名词之后都要加’s。

Jane and Helen’s room 珍妮和海伦的房间（共有）

Bill’s and Tom’s radios 比尔的收音机和汤姆的收音机（不共有）

f. 有些指时间，距离，国家，城镇的无生命名词也可加’s 表示所有格。

half an hour’s class 半个小时的课China’s industry 中国的工业

twenty minutes’walk 二十分钟的路程

※2）表示无生命东西的名词一般与of构成词组，表示所有关系。

the cover of the book 书的封面

the content of the story故事的内容

※※3）指有生命的名词有时也可以用of词组表示所有格。

a. 如果名词较长。

the story of Dr. Norman Bethune 白求恩的故事

the works of Marx, Engels, Lenin and Stalin马，恩，列，斯著作

b. 如果名词的定语较长，就只能用of词组来表示所有关系。

Do you know the name of the boy standing at the gate? 你知道站在大门旁的那个男孩的名字吗？

※※4）“of+ 词组+所有格”（双重所有格）的用法：在表示所属物的名词前有冠词，数词，不定代词或指示代词（如: a, two, some, this, that, these, those等）时，常用“of+ 词组+所有格”的形式来表示所有关系。

a friend of my father’s = ( one of my father’s friends) 我父亲的一个朋友

a picture of his uncle’s 他叔叔的一张照片（他叔叔所有照片中的一张，但不一定是他本人的照片。试比较：a picture of his uncle 他叔叔本人的一张照片。）

that novel of her little brother’s 她弟弟的那本小说

随堂练习

一、名词所有格练习.

1 __________________________(李明的父母)work in a big hospital.

2 This is __________________________________(我妹妹的语文书)

3. ___________________________________(学生们的桌椅) are very new.

4. Please open ______________________________________(教室的门).

二、.用适当的选项填空。

1. ( ) We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please?

A. potato

B. potatos

C. potatoes

D. potatoe

2. ( ) What big____ the tiger has!

A. tooth

B. teeth

C. tooths

D. toothes

3. ( ) Can we have some ___? -Yes, please.

A. banana

B. oranges

C. apple

D. pear

4. ( ) When we saw his face, we knew___ was bad.

A. some news

B. a news

C. the news

D. news

5. ( ) He is hungry. Give him ___ to eat.

A. two breads

B. two piece of bread

C. two pieces of bread

D. two pieces of breads

6. ( ) In the picture there are many____ and two ____.

A. sheep; foxes

B. sheeps; fox

C. sheeps; foxes

D. sheep;foxs

7.( ) A group of______ will visit the museum tomorrow.

A. Hungarian

B. Australian

C. Japanese

D. American

8. ( ) There are sixty-seven___ in our school.

A. women's teacher

B. women teachers

C. woman teachers

D. women teacher

9. ( ) We came to a ___ at last and went in.

A. watch shop

B. watches shop

C. watching shop

D. watchs shop

高考英语专题一名词

考点一名词名词一、可数名词单数变复数的规则 1.规则变化规则例词一般情况下,在词尾直接加-s book—books cap—caps tree—trees 以-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的名词,在词尾加-es glass—glasses box—boxes watch—watches brush—brushes

2.不规则变化

注意:1.fish的“数” ?

2.penny的复数形式 ? 2 pennies ? 2 pence 3.hair的“数” ? ?

4.people指“人”时是person的一种复数形式,指“民族”时其复数形式为peoples。 one person一个人two people两个人 a people一个民族two peoples两个民族二、名词所有格 1. 加-'s词尾的规则 2.用法（1）用于表来人或其他有生命的名词。表示所有关系类别用途、目的或起源。Is this Mr. Black's ofie? 这是布莱克先生的办公室吗? I took over my father's company last year.我是去年接管我父亲的公司的。children's bookstore儿童书店 (2)用于表示时间距离、价格等的名词。 Have you read today's newspaper?你读今天的报纸了吗? We're going to have a six weeks' summer vacation.我们将有一-个为期六个星期的暑假。

It's only half an hour's drive from here to the nearesthospital. 从这里到最近的医院开车仅有半小时的路程。 I bought 100 dollars' worth of books.我买了100美元的书。 (3)表示国家、城市、天体等的名词常用- 's结构。 China's industry 中国的工业 the ciy' enironment这座城市的环境the earth's suface地球的表面 (4)用以构成不同的节日。 April Fo's Day愚人节Children'sDay儿童节 Mothe's Day母亲节Teaches Day教师节 (5)用来表示店铺、医院、学校、住宅及公共建筑时，名词所有格后常常不出现它所修饰的名词。 at the barber's (shop)在理发店at Dick's (home)在迪克家 at the Whites' ( home )在怀特家里at the doctor's ( ffice)在医院at the tailor's ( shop)在裁缝店 (6)-'s用于学位中。 a Bachelor's degree学土学位 a master's degree硕士学位 a doctor's degree博士学位 (7)有时为了避免重复，可以单独使用-'s所有格，在句中相当于名词My views are quite different from my father's.我的观点与我父亲的非常不同。 My camera is the same as Ron's.我的照相机和罗恩的一样。 (8)由and连接的两个或多个名词，表示共同拥有时，只将最后一个名词变为所有格形式;如果是各自所有，则每个名词都要变成所有格 Jonh and Mary’s school Jonh’s and Mary’s schools (9)不定代词后加else,在else后加“-'s” somebody else's possessions 3.of所有格

高考英语名词知识点专项训练及解析答案(2)

高考英语名词知识点专项训练及解析答案(2) 一、选择题 1．The painful experience left her emotionally drained, but she is not the sort of ________woman to be defeated by a of fate. A．damage B．collapse C．twist D．share 2．In old China, parents demanded complete ____________ from their children. A．ambition B．obedience C．education 3．I suggest you apply for membership. Members can get a 15% ____________. A．discount B．dictation C．favor 4．One of the Disney cartoon characters, Donald Duck, is always quick to find ____ with others and brings laugher to people of all ages. A．mistake B．error C．blame D．fault 5．Many scientists have believed that there may be a ______ of life on the Mars. A．signal B．sign C．mark D．sigh 6．Since 1949, the people’s living standard ____, causing a big ____ in population. A．has been raised; rise B．has been risen; raise C．has raised; rise D．has raised; rose 7．Enough of it! Nobody here thinks what you are saying should make any ________. A．excuse B．sense C．use D．value 8．Timoteo has an unusual job — he is a human traffic _________. A．sign B．signal C．mark D．symbol 9．—I couldn’t tell Jack from his twin brother. —Me too, and there is no obvious________between them. A．contribution B．distinction C．promotion D．expression 10．The ________ went extremely well, with almost all of the audience requesting further information about our 5G products. A．conservation B．imagination C．presentation D．qualification 11．The practice of hanging flags is a common _______ in many parts of the country on National Day. A．sight B．scenery C．sign D．signal 12．Determination is the most important of all the ____________ because without determination, you will end up doing nothing. A．tactics B．virtues C．emotions 13．They lived in a backward part of the country, with no electricity, paved roads or easy ______ to safe drinking water. A．lack B．guarantee C．remedy D．access 14．—Any ________ to how long I can keep the book? —Yes. You must return it by next Tuesday. A．limit B．time C．number D．length 15．To everyone's surprise, the three-year-old boy recited Three-Character Canon without making a single .

(完整)初中英语名词专项讲解

名词一导入：有一天，一只老钟对一只小钟说：“你一年里要摆525600下啦。”　小钟吓坏了，说“哇，这么多，这怎么可能？！我怎么能完成那么多下呢！”　这时候，另一只老钟笑着说：“不用怕，你只需一秒钟摆一下，每一秒坚持下来就可以了。”　小钟高兴了，想着：一秒钟摆一下好像并不难啊，试试看吧。果然，很轻松地就摆了一下。不知不觉一年过去了，小钟已经摆了525600下！很简单的故事，却寓意着深刻的道理，当我们面对大困难的时候，往往望而怯步，孰不知只要根据实际，分期制定小目标，一一完成就行了。二专题讲解：掌握要点：名词的分类（专有名词和普通名词）名词的数1）区分可数名词和不可数名词，区分方法 2）可数名词的复数变化，分为规则变化及不规则变化名词所有格含义、构成两种形式：’ｓ所有格及of所有格知识点：一、名词的分类 1.专有名词：名字(人名、地名、书名、机构名)、与国家有关的(国家、国民、语言)、日期（节日、星期、月份）例句：My name is Lucy. I am a Chinese. I will go to the Great Wall on Monday. 2.普通名词: 包括可数名词和不可数名词个体名词表示个体的人或事物例: sister、table、bike、window 可数名词集体名词表示一群人或一些事物例: family、police、class、group 物质名词表示构成物体的物质或材料例: water、air、wood 不可数名词抽象名词表示状态、品质、行为、感情等例: danger、interest 区分方法：将物体分成两半，如果每半不能叫原名，则为可数名词，如果还可叫原名，则为不可数名词。注：有些单词意义发生变化，单复数也发生变化，例：glass作玻璃杯时可数，作玻璃时不可数。身兼二职的名词对照表 glass fish chicken time 可数玻璃杯鱼类小鸡次、倍不可数玻璃鱼肉鸡肉时间 orange light paper hair 可数橘子电灯报纸/试卷（几根）头发不可数橘汁光纸头发 exercise idea life work _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ No Cross, No crown 不经历风雨，怎么见彩虹.

高考英语名词专项练习

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