专八英国文学
英国文学
英语专八英美文学常识汇总
英语专八英美文学常识汇总
3专八人文知识:英国地理概况 the english channel: the channel is a narrow sea passage which separates england and france and connects the atlantic ocean and north sea. 英吉利海峡：英吉利海峡是一道狭长的海峡，分割英法两国，连接大西洋和北海。 the dee estuary: a small sea ( in irish sea) where the dee river enters. 迪河河口：是迪河流入的一个小海。 "the act of union of 1801": in 1801 the english parliament passed an act by which scotland, wales and the kingdom of england were constitutionally joined as the kingdom of great britain. 1801合并法：1801年英国议会通过法令，规定英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士根据宪法合并成为大不列颠王国。 gaelic: it is one of the celtic language, and is spoken in parts of the highlands. 盖尔语：是盖尔特语言的一种，在高地地区仍有人说这种语言。 the "backbone of england": it refers to the pennies, the board ridge of hills.
英美文学知识点总结(适用于英语专八)
Old English Literature 古英语文学 （450-1066年） Beowulf （贝奥武甫）---The first English national epic 中世纪英语文学（1066-1500） Geoffrey Chaucer(乔叟，c. 1343–1400) was an English poet. He is remembered for his The Canterbury Tales《坎特伯雷故事集》, called the father of English litera ture―英国文学之父‖William Langland (朗格兰，1330?-1400?),the author of the 14th-century English long narrative poem Piers Plowman《农夫皮尔斯》. 文艺复兴（16-17世纪） William Shakespeare (莎士比亚，1564-1616), English poet and playwright, his surviving works consist of 38 plays, 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems Venus and Adonis 《维拉斯和阿多尼斯》The Rape of Lucrece.《鲁克丽丝受辱记》 Shakespeare‘s greatest works: greatest tragedies are King Lear 《李尔王》,Macbeth《麦克白》,Hamlet《哈姆雷特》, Othello 《奥赛罗》,Romeo and Juliet 《罗密欧与朱丽叶》 grea t comedies: A Midsumme r Night‘s Dream《仲夏夜之梦》,As You Like It 《皆大欢喜》,The Merchant of Venice 《威尼斯商人》, Twelfth Night 《第十二夜》 great historical plays: Richard III 《理查三世》,Henry IV 《亨利四世》, Henry V 《亨利五世》, Henry VII 《亨利八世》 John Milton (弥尔顿, 1608-1674)was an English poet and civil servant for the Commonwealth of England. He is best known for his epic poem Paradise Lost《失乐园》, Paradise Regained《复乐园》Samson 《力士参孙》. 18世纪文学和新古典主义 Alexander Pope (浦柏,1688-1744 ) is generally regarded as the greatest English poet of the eighteenth century, best known for his satirical epigram 讽刺隽语and heroic couplet英雄双韵体.His major works include mock epic satirical poem An Essay on Man 《人论》and An Essay on Criticism 《论批评》 Daniel Defoe ( 笛福，1660—1731)was an English writer who gained enduring fame for his novel Robinson Crusoe《鲁滨逊漂流记》, spokesman for middle-class people Henry Fielding (菲尔丁, 1707 ---1754) ，an English novelist known for his novel:The History of Tom Jones. Jonathan Swift (斯威夫特,1667-1745), was an Anglo-Irish novelist, satirist. He is remembered for novel such as Gulliver‘s Travels《格列佛游记》. Richard Sheridan ( 谢立丹，1751—1816), Irish playwright ,known for his satirical play School of Scandal(造谣学校). He was a represntative writer of Comedies of Manners. Laurence Sterne (斯特恩,1713—1768 ), an English novelist. He is best known for his novel Tristram Shandy （《商第传》）. Oliver Goldsmith （哥尔德斯密斯，1728-1774）English novelist, known for his novel Vicar of Wakefield (《威克菲尔德牧师传记》) Thomas Gray (托马斯?格雷1716—1771 )，an English poet, author of Elegy Written in a
专业八级英国美国文学知识考点
英国文学 一、古英语时期的英国文学（499-1066） 1、贝奥武夫 2、阿尔弗雷德大帝：英国散文之父 二、中古英语时期的英国文学 1、allegory体非常盛行 2、Romance开始上升到一定的高度 3、高文爵士和绿衣骑士 4、Willian Langlaud 《农夫皮尔斯的幻象》 5、乔叟坎特伯雷故事集（英雄双韵体） 6、托马斯.马洛礼《亚瑟王之死》 三、文艺复兴时期的英国文学（伊丽莎白时代）（14-16世纪） 1、托马斯.莫尔《乌托邦》 2、Thomas Wyatt 和Henry Howard引入sonnet 3、Philips Sidney 《The defense of Poesie》
《阿卡迪亚》描述田园生活；现代长篇小说的先驱 4、斯宾塞《仙后》诗人中的诗人；斯宾塞体诗节； 5、莎士比亚： 长篇叙事诗：《维纳斯和阿多尼斯》、《露克丝受辱记》 四大悲剧：哈姆雷特、尔王、奥赛罗、麦克白 7、本.琼森风俗喜剧（comedy of manners）《人性互异》 8、约翰.多恩“玄学派”诗歌创始人 9、George Herbert 玄学派诗圣 10、弗朗西斯.培根现代科学和唯物主义哲学创始人之一《Essays》英国发展史上的里程碑 《学术的推进》和《新工具》 四、启蒙时期（18世纪） 1、约翰、弥尔顿：《失乐园》、《为英国人民争辩》 2、约翰、班扬：《天路历程》religious allegory 3、约翰、德莱顿：英国新古典主义的杰出代表、桂冠诗人；
《论戏剧诗》 4、亚历山大.蒲柏：英国新古典主义诗歌的重要代表；英雄双韵体的使用达到登峰造极的使用；《田园组诗》是其最早田园诗歌代表作 5、托马斯、格雷：感伤主义中墓园诗派的代表人物《墓园挽歌》 6、威廉、布莱克：天真之歌、经验之歌； 7、罗伯特、斯：格兰最杰出的农民诗人； 8、Richard Steel和Joseph Addison合作创办《The tatler》和《the spectator》 9、Samuel defoe英国现实主义小说的奠基人之一；《鲁滨逊漂流记》；《铲除非国教徒的捷径》，仪表达自己的不满； 10、Jonathan Swift 《一个小小的建议》；《格列佛游记》；《桶的故事》； 11、Samuel Richardson 英国现代小说的创始人；帕米拉；克拉丽莎；查尔斯.格蓝迪森爵士的历史； 12、Henry Fielding 英国现实主义小说理论的奠基人；《约瑟夫。安德鲁》；《汤姆.琼斯》，英国现实主义小说的最高成就； 13、劳伦斯、斯特恩：感伤主义小说的杰出代表，《项狄传》，第一部开创了意识流小说的先驱之作品；《感伤的旅行》
英语专八人文知识考试总结
英语专八人文知识考试总结 1 专八考试人文知识考试内容总结 其中英美文学包括英国文学和美国文学。英国文学主要分为六个时期： 1. Old and Medieval English Literature（中古英国文学）。 2. The Renaissance Period（文艺复兴时期）。 3. The Neoclassical Period（新古典主义时期）。 4. The Romantic Period（维多利亚时期）。 5. The Victorian Period（维多利亚时期）。 6. The Modern Period（现代时期）。 美国文学主要分为四个时期： 1. The Literature Around the Revolution of Independence（独立革命前后的文学）。 2. American Romanticism（美国浪漫主义文学）。 3. American Realism（美国现实主义文学）。 4. American Modernism（美国现代主义文学）。 语言学，考生不光要知道语言的本质还要掌握语音学，音位学，形态学，句法学，语义学和语言学的知识。 关于英语国家概况，英语专业的学生都会开设英美概况这门课程，但是专八考试的中需要考生了解的是英语国家概况，不光包括英国和美国，还有其他一些说英语的地区，包括爱尔兰概况，加拿大概况，澳大利亚概况和新西兰概况。 3专八人文知识:英国地理概况 the english channel: the channel is a narrow sea passage which separates england and france
专八人文知识(英国文学)
The old and medieval English literature(8th-14th century ) The renaissance period(14th –mid17th c) The neoclassical period(mid17th -18th c) The romantic period(mid18th -mid19th c) The Victorian period(1836-1901) Modern period(20th - ) 注：【后面的Matp指主要作品】 一．The old and medieval English literature(8th-14th century) 1.The Venerable Bede(A.D673-735) “father of English history”《the essiesiastical history of the English people》《the anglo-sarxon chronic》epic——Beowulf 2.mid11th-mid14th 亚瑟王和圆桌骑士《Sir Gawain and the Green Knight，高文爵士和绿衣骑士》 3.Geoffy Chaucer（杰弗利·乔叟，1343-1400）“the father of English poetry” ；“the first one who used London dialect ” in《The Canterbury Tales，坎特伯雷故事集》（1387-1400,a prologue\24 tales,描写14th 英国现状） 二．The renaissance period (14th –mid17th c) 1.Sonnet:contains 14 lines of iambic pentameter rhymed in various patterns 14行5音步抑扬格诗行（ababcdcdefefgg） e.g: So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. 2.Thomas More(托马斯·莫尔1478-1535) Matp:《Utopia,乌托邦》（in Latin） 3.Francis Bacon(培根1561-1626) “杰出essayist in English history”《the essays》 4.Edmund Spenser(埃德蒙·斯宾赛,1552-1599) “the poet’s poet”；Matp:《The Faerie Queen,仙后》（1579）；create “Spencerian Stanza ,斯宾塞诗体”。
专八英国文学考点
英美文学知识考点\ 一、对知名的英美文学家及其作品的重点考查 1. The novel Emma is written by________.（2005年真题第35题） A. Mary Shelley B. Charlotte Bronte C. Elizabeth C. Gaskell D. Jane Austen 2．Which of the following novels was written by Emily Bronte? （2007年真题第35题） A. Oliver Twist B. Middlemarch C. Jane Eyre D. Wuthering Heights 3．Death of a Salesman was written by________.（2007年真题第37题） A. Arthur Miller B. Ernest Hemingway C. Ralph Ellison D. James Baldwin 美国著名的剧作家，作品有Man Who Had All the Luck，Death of A Salesman，All My sons等， 4．The novel For Whom the Bell Tolls is written by________. (2006年真题第36题) A. Scott Fitzgerald B. William Faulkner C. Eugene O'Neil D. Ernest Hemingway 他的主要作品还有：In Our Time，The Sun Also Rises，Farewell to Arms等 二、对英美文学流派及文学术语的重点考查 1．Which of following is NOT a romantic poet? （2005年真题第36题） A. William Wordsworth B. George Elliot C. George G. Byron D. Percy B. Shelley 2．_____ is defined as an expression of human emotion which is condensed into fourteen lines (2006年第37题) A. Free verse B. Sonnet C. Ode D. Epigram 十四行诗（Sonnet ）是欧洲的一种抒情诗体，诗句共有十四行，音译为“商籁体”，语源于普罗旺斯 Sonnet。原系中世纪民间流行并用于歌唱的一种短小诗歌。自欧洲进入文艺复兴时代之后，这种诗体获得 泛的运用。ABAB，CDCD，EFEF，GG。每行诗句有十个抑扬格音节，常常在最后一副对句中点明题意。 三、重点考查对主要文学家的概况及作品特点的了解 1．William Sidney Porter, known as O. Henry, is most famous for________.（2005年真题第37题） A. his poems B. his plays C. his short stories D. his novels 2．William Butler Yeats was a(n) ______ poet and playwright. （2007年真题第36题） A. American B. Canadian C. Irish D. Australian （1865-1939）是爱尔兰诗人,1923年获诺贝尔文学奖，主要诗集有《芦苇中的风》、《责任》、《塔》等。 3．Which of the following writers is a poet of the 20th century? (2006年真题第35题) 托马斯·斯特尔那斯·艾略特 A. T.S. Eliot B. D.H. Lawrence C. Theodore Dreiser D. James Joyce T.S. Eliot 是20世纪著名诗人、评论家、戏剧家，长诗―The Waste Land‖是他著作，。 英国文学知识简介(English Literature)
2015-16年英国文学专八复习题库
2015-16年英国文学专八复习题库 Part I. Multipul Choices 1._____，a typical example of old English poetry ,is regarded today as the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons. A.The Canterbury Tales B.The Ballad of Robin Hood C.The Song of Beowulf D.Sir Gawain and the Green Kinght 2._____is the most common foot in English poetry. A.The anapest抑抑扬格 B.The trochee（英诗的）扬抑格，长短格 C.The iamb抑扬格，短长格 D.The dactyl强弱格，长短格；扬抑抑格； 3.The Renaissance is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events, which one of the following is NOT such an event? A.The rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture. B.England’s domestic rest C.New discovery in geography and astrology D.The religious reformation and the economic expansion 4._____is the most successful religious allegory in the English language. A.The Pilgrims Progress B.Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners C.The Life and Death of Mr.Badman D.The Holy War 5.Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries, its essence is _____. A.science B.philosophy C.arts D.humanism 6.“So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,/So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.”(Shakespeare, Sonnets18)What does“this”refer to ? A.Lover. B.Time. C.Summer. D.Poetry. 7. It is generally regarded that Keats’s most important and mature poems are in the form of ______. A.elegy B.ode C.epic D.sonnet 8.“Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?”The sentence is the beginning of Shakespeare’s_______. https://www.360docs.net/doc/f19061598.html,edy B.tragedy C.sonnet D.poem 9. Daniel Defoe’s novels mainly focus on _____. A.the struggle of the unfortunate for mere existence B.the struggle of the shipwrecked persons for security C.the struggle of the pirates for wealth D.the desire of the criminals for property 10. Francis Bacon is best known for his_____which greatly influenced the development of this literary form.
英语专八-最全英美文学常识.
英国文学(English Literature) 一、Old and Medieval English Literature中古英语文学(8世纪-14世纪) 1) The Old English Period / The Anglo-Saxon Period古英语时期(449-1066) a. pagan poetry(异教诗歌): Beowulf《贝奥武甫》- 最早的诗歌；长诗(3000行) heroism & fatalism & Christian qualities the folk legends of the primitive northern tribes; a heroic Scandinavian epic legend; 善恶有报b. religious poetry: Caedmon(凯德蒙610-680): the first known religious poet; the father of English song Cynewulf(基涅武甫9C): The Christ c. 8th C, Anglo-Saxon prose: Venerable Bede(673-735); Alfred the Great(848-901) 2) The Medieval Period中世纪(1066-ca.1485 / 1500): a. Romance中世纪传奇故事(1200-1500): the Middle Ages; 英雄诗歌 无名诗人- Sir Gawain and the Green Knight《高文爵士与绿色骑士》: Celtic legend; verse-romance; 2530 lines ~ 14th C,Age of Chaucer: * Geoffrey Chaucer(乔叟1340-1400): 文风：vivid and exact language, his poetry is full of vigor and swiftness the father of English poetry; the father of English fiction; 首创“双韵体”couplet; 首位用伦敦方言写作英国作家 The Canterbury Tales:pilgrims stories 受Boccaccio(薄伽丘) - Decameron《十日谈》启发 The House of Fame; Troilus and Criseyde; The Romaunt of the Rose《玫瑰罗曼史》(译作) * William Langland(朗兰1332-1400)：The Vision of Piers Plowman《农夫皮尔斯之幻象》: 普通人眼中的社会抗议 b. 15th C, English ballads: Thomas Malory (1395-1471):Morte D’Arthur《亚瑟王之死》- 圆桌骑士 二、The Renaissance Period英国文艺复兴(1500-1660): humanism十四行诗，文艺复兴，无韵诗，伊丽莎白戏剧 1) 诗歌Henry Howard(霍华德1516-1547) a. Thomas Wyatt (怀亚特1503-1542): the first to introduce the sonnet into English literature b. Sir Philip Sidney(雪尼爵士1554-1586)：代表了当时的理想- “the complete man”Defense of Poetry《为诗辩护》 Astrophel and Stella; Arcadia《阿卡狄亚》: a prose romance filled with lyrics; a forerunner of the modern world c.Edmund Spenser(斯宾塞1552-1599): the poets’ poet; non-dramatic poet of伊丽莎白时代- long allegorical romance 文风：a perfect melody, a rare sense of beauty and a splendid imagination. The Shepherd Calendar The Faerie Queen《仙后》：long poem for Queen Elizabeth; Allegory - nine-line verse stanza/ the Spenserian Stanza Spenserian Stanza(斯宾塞诗体): Nine lines, the first eight lines is in iambic(抑扬格) pentameter(五步诗), and the ninth line is an iambic hexameter(六步诗) line.
专八备考人文知识题―英国文学部分汇总
第一阶段:中古英国文学(8世纪——14世纪 1. Which of the following does not belong to the works of Geoffrey Chaucer? A. The Canterbury T ales B. The Vision of Piers Plowman C. Troilus and Criseyde D. The Romaunt of the Rose 2. “_____” brings the readers into a world that be longs to the Celtic legend of King Arthur and his knights of the Round T able. A. The Vision of Piers Plowman B. The House of Fame C. The Romaunt of the Rose D. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight 3. Which of the following is the translation work of Geoffrey Chaucer? A. The Canterbury T ales B. Troilus and Criseyde C. The Romaunt of the Rose D. The House of Fame 4. In the 14th century, the most important writer is _____. A. Langland
B. Wyclif C. Gower D. Chaucer 5. In Anglo-Saxon period, “Beowulf” rep resented the _____ poetry. A. pagan B. religious C. romantic D. sentimental 6. When we speak of the old English prose, we might think of _____, who is the first scholar in English literature and has been regarded as father of English learning. A. William Shakespeare B. Beowulf C. Julius Caesar D. Venerable Bede 7. _____ is not only a prose writer but also a king of Wessex. A. Alfred the Great B. Venerable Bede C. Adam Bede D. king Arthur
★英美文学知识 (专八)
英美文学知识点总结（专八） Old English Literature （古英语文学） （450-1066年） Beowulf 《贝奥武甫》: The first English national epic. S ir Gawain and the Green Knight 《高文爵士与绿林骑士》：knight literature. 中世纪英语文学（1066-1500） Geoffrey Chaucer(乔叟，c. 1343–1400) was an English poet. He is remembered for his The Canterbury Tales《坎特伯雷故事集》, called the father of English literature ―英国文学诗歌之父‖William Langland (朗格兰，1330?-1400?), the author of the 14th-century English long narrative poem Piers Plowman《农夫皮尔斯》. 文艺复兴（16-17世纪） William Shakespeare (莎士比亚，1564-1616), English poet and playwright, his surviving works consist of 38 plays, 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems Venus and Adonis 《维拉斯和阿多尼斯》The Rape of Lucrece.《鲁克丽丝受辱记》 Shakespeare‘s greatest works: 1．Greatest tragedies are King Lear《李尔王》, Macbeth《麦克白》, Hamlet《哈姆雷特》, Othello 《奥赛罗》, Romeo and Juliet 《罗密欧与朱丽叶》. 2．Great comedies: A Midsummer Night’s Dream《仲夏夜之梦》, As You Like It 《皆大欢喜》, The Merchant of Venice 《威尼斯商人》, Twelfth Night《第十二夜》 3．great historical plays:Richard III 《理查三世》, Henry IV《亨利四世》, Henry V 《亨利五世》, Henry VII 《亨利八世》 Francis Bacon (弗朗西斯·培根, 1561-1626) a representative of the Renaissance in England, is a well-known philosopher, scientist and essayist. He lays the foundation for modern science with his insistence on scientific way of thinking and fresh observation rather than authority as a basis for obtaining knowledge. His Essays is the first example of that genre in English literature, which has been recognized as an important landmark in the development of English prose. Works by Bacon: The Advancement of Learning（1605）《学术的推进》，New Instrument (1620) 《新工具》，Essays (1625) 《培根文集》. John Donne (约翰·邓恩，1572-1631), a leading figure of the ―metaphysical school‖（玄学派主要代表人物），who frequently applies conceits (奇喻) or fantastic metaphors in his poems, involving dramatic contrasts. His poems feature a diversity of experiences and attitudes, and a free range of feelings and moods, achieving vividness of imagery, vitality of rhythms, ingenuity of speech and depth of philosophy. Works by Donne: Songs and Sonnets《歌与十四行诗》，of which ―The Flea‖, ―The Good Morrow‖, ―Break of Day‖and ―A Valediction: Forbidding Morning‖are most popular. Holy
专八人文知识(练习题+答案详解)
专八人文知识（练习题+答案详解） 专八人文知识练习（1） 1. Morphology is a study of ___1___ A. the internal structure of words and the rules that govern their formation B. the uses of different types of utterances in different contexts C. the differences between sounds used in human languages and sounds in nature D. the rules that pertain to all languages throughout the world 2.Which of the following does NOT belong to “open class words”?___2___ A. Nouns B. Adjectives C. Conjunctions D. Adverbs 3. What is the minimal unit of meaning?___3___ A. Phoneme B. Morpheme C. Allophone D. Allomorph 4. Which of the following is NOT a free morpheme?___4___ A. bed B. tress C. dance D. children 5. Which of the following is NOT a compound word?___5___ A. Rainbow B. Inaction C. Icy-cold D. Unpleasant 6. ___6___ are bound morphemes because they can not be used as separate words. A. Roots B. Stems C. Affixes D. Compounds 7.Syntax mainly deals with ___7___ A. how a language changes through time B. how words are combined to form sentences and the rules that govern the formation of sentences. C. how the human work when they use language D. how a language varies through geographical space 8.Syntactic categories contain the type of ___8___ A. meaning that words express B. affixes that the words take C. structures in which the words can occur D. all of the above 9.Which of the following is NOT the concern of a word category? ___9___ A. A word category can be determined by meaning, inflection and distribution B. T o determine a word’s category by its meaning only is often not reliable. C. A word category can be embodied directly from its meaning. D. Distribution is more reliable than the meaning to determine a word’s category.
英语专业八级 英国文学知识总结
1 Old and Medieval Period 1-1 the Anglo-Saxon Period Beowulf Caedmon – Caedmon’s Hymn Cynewulf – The Fates of the Apostles, Juliana, Elene 1-2 the Middle English Period Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Thomas Marlory – Le Morte D’Arthur (The Death of King Arthur) William Langland – Piers the Plowman Geoffrey Chaucer –The Canterbury Tales 1-3 the 15th Century The Robin Hood Ballads 2 The Renaissance Period 2-1 poem Thomas Wyatt Henry Howard Sir Philip Sidney – Astrophel and Stella, Apology for Poetry Edmund Spencer – The Shephearde’s Calendar, Epithalamion, The Faerie Queene 2-2 prose Thomas More – Utopia Francis Bacon – A History of the Life and Reign of King Henry Ⅶ, The Advancement of Learning, Essays(Of Studies, Of Travel, Of Wisdom), The New Atlantis John Lyly—Eupheus 2-3 drama Christopher Marlowe – Tamburlaine, The Tragic History of Doctor Faustus, The Jew of Malta William Shakespeare – Comedies: A Midsummer Night’s Dream, As You Like It, Merchant of Venice, The Twelfth Night Tragedies: Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, Macbeth, The Tempest Historical plays: Henry Ⅳ, HenryⅤ Long narrative poems: Venus and Adonis, The Rape of Lucrece
专八人文常识辅导材料(英国文学)
British Literature: A Concise History I. Review (P.162) 补充09 1. Ode to the West Wind was written by _____. (2009) A. William Blake. B. William Wordsworth. C. Samuel Taylor Coleridge. D. Percy B. Shelley. 2. The novel Sons and Lovers was written by __. (2009) A. Thomas Hardy. B. John Galsworthy. C. D.H. Lawrence. D. James Joyce. 3. The Canterbury Tales, a collection of stories told by a group of pilgrims on their way to Canterbury, is an important poetic work by ______. (2008) A. William Langland B. Geoffrey Chaucer C. William Shakespeare D. Alfred Tennyson 4. All of the following are well-known female writers in 20th-century Britain EXCEPT ______. (2008) A. George Eliot B. Iris Jean Murdoch C. Dons Lessing D. Muriel Spark 5. Which of the following novels was written by Emily Bronte? (2007) A. Oliver Twist B. Middlemarch C. Jane Eyre D. Wuthering Heights 6. William Butler Yeats was a(n) ____ poet and