大学英语第三册第三单元练习题和答案和翻译详解
14普通班英语四练习卷一
Test for Unit 3, Book 3
专业___________学号___________姓名___________
I.Collocation:
1.The initials VAT stands _for___ Value Added Tax. 首字母V AT代表增值税．
2.All the medicine I took had no impact __on__ me. 所有的药对我都没有效果．
3.The old lady ran away quickly __in___ terror on seeing the terrible scene
那个老女人看惊恐的跑开了当她看到那个恐怖的场景.
4.We sometimes think humans are uniquely vulnerable to anxiety, but stress seems to
affect the immune defenses of lower animals too.
我们有时认为人类是唯一容易焦虑的．但是压力似乎也影响着低等动物的免疫机制．
5.It is vital that Japan reflect ___on__ and understand fully the extent of their past militarism.
至关重要的是,日本反省和充分理解他们过去的军国主义的程度
II. Vocabulary:
6.Rumors are everywhere, spreading fear, damaging reputations, and turning calm situations
into_ A. turbulent ___ ones.
A. turbulent
B. tragic
C. vulnerable
D. suspicious
谣言四处散播恐惧损害名誉，还将原本平静的环境变得复杂混乱。
7.Satellite communications are so up-to-date that even when __ B. cruising __ in the middle of
the Pacific, businessmen can contact their offices as if they were next door.
A. gliding
B. cruising
C. piloting
D. patrolling
最新的卫星通讯，即使在太平洋里巡航，商人们可以相互联系就象在隔壁一样．
8.The suspect __ D. announced __ that he had not been in the neighbourhood at the time of the
crime.嫌疑人声称他没在附近犯罪．
A. advocated
B. alleged
C. addressed
D. announced
9.Visitors may not remain on the school _ B. premises __ without permission.
A. estates
B. premises
C. properties
D. possessions
访者未经许可不得入内.
10.A peculiarly pointed chin is his most memorable facial__ B. feature ___.
A. mark
B. feature
C. trace
D. appearance
一个特别尖的下巴是他脸部最明显的特征．
11.At first, the _ B. transmission __ of color pictures over a long distance seemed impossible,
but, with painstaking efforts and at great expense, it became a reality.
起初，长距离传输彩色图片看上去是不可能的，但是经过辛苦的努力和巨大的代价，它变成现实了．
A. transaction
B. transmission
C. transformation
D. transition
12.The clock works well; there is only _ B. a mistake __ of a second per year.
A. a fault
B. a mistake
C. an error
D. flaw
这个钟很好，每年只有一秒的误差．
13.As you have seen, the value of a nation’s currency is a _ D. reflection ___ of its economy.
A. response
B. revelation
C. reaction
D. reflection
正如你所见，一个国家货币的价值反映它的经济
14.However, the balance in nature is_ B. disturbed __, resulting in a number of possible
unforeseen effects.
A. troubled
B. disturbed
C. confused
D. puzzled
然而,自然界的这种平衡有时会被打乱,这将造成许多可能无法预料的后果.
15.The company gradually lost its market because of _ C. ill __ management.
A. bad
B. evil
C. ill
D. wicked
公司逐步的失去市场由于管理不善
III. Reading Comprehension:
Passage One
很少有美国人在一个职位或一个地方待一辈子．
Few Americans remain in one position or one place for a lifetime. We move from town to city to suburb, from high school to college in a different state, from a job in one region to a better job elsewhere, from the home where we raise our children to the home where we plan to live in retirement. With each move we are forever making new friends, who become part of our new life at that time.
For many of us summer is a special time for forming new friendships. Today millions of Americans vacation abroad, and they go not only to see new sights but also with the hope of meeting new people. No one really expects a vacation trip to produce a close friend, but the beginning of a friendship is possible.
The word “friend” can be applied to a wide range of relationships —to someone one has known for a few weeks in a new place, to a fellow worker, to a childhood playmate, to a man or woman, to a trusted confidant.
1. Many Americans move from place to place for the following reasons except .
许多美国人从一个地方搬到另一个地方以下哪个原因除了
A. going to college
B. getting a better job
C. finding a place to live in retirement
D. saving money存钱．
2. Summer is a special time when many Americans .
夏天是个特殊的时刻很多美国人．
A. enjoy the sunlight
B. feel strange
C. travel to other countries 去其他国家旅行
D. get a new job
3. When summer comes, many Americans .
夏天来了，很多美国人．
A. hope to meet new people 希望去见很多新朋友
B. expect to find some close friends
C. want to begin lasting friendships with new people
D. Both A and B
4. From the passage it can be seen that a “friend” can be
从文章看，. “friend”这个词可能是．．．
A. a fellow worker
B. a football teammate
C. a boy or a girl
D. all of the above以上所有．
5. Which of the following is the topic sentence of the second paragraph?
下面哪句子可以做第二段的标题．
A.F or many of us summer is a special time for forming new friendships.
对我们很多人来说夏天是交新朋友的时刻
B. Today millions of Americans vacation abroad.
C. No one really expects a vacation trip to produce a close friend.
D. But surely the beginning of friendship is possible.
Passage Two
一个愚蠢的问题我无法忍受的是＂你感觉怎么样＂
One silly question I simply can’t stand is “How do you feel?”. Usually the question is asked of a man in action—a man on the go, walking along the street, or busily working at his desk. So what do you expect him to say? He’ll probably say, “Fine, I’m all right.” But “You’ve put a bug in his ear”—maybe now he’s not sure. If you are a good friend, you may have seen something in his face, or his walk, that he did not realize that morning. It starts him worrying a little. The First thing you know, he looks in a mirror to see if everything is all right, while you go merrily on your way asking someone else, “How do you feel?”
Every question has its time and place. It’s perfectly acceptable, for instance, to ask “How do you feel?” if you’re visiting a close friend in the hospital. But if the fellow is walking on both legs, hurrying to make a train, or sitting at his desk working, it’s no time to ask him that silly question.
When George Bernard Shaw, the famous writer of plays was in his eighties, someone asked him “How do you feel”, Shaw put him in his place. “When you reach my age”, he said, “either you feel all right or you’re dead.”
6. According to the writer, greetings, such as “How do you feel?”.
对于作者来说，问候语，如：你感觉怎么样？
A. show one’s consideration for others
B. are a good way to make friends
C. are proper to ask a man in action
D. generally make one feel uneasy通常让人不舒服．
7. The question “How do you feel?” seems to be correct and suitable when asked of
你感觉怎么样正确和合适的场合是．.
A. a man working at his desk
B. a person having lost a close friend
C. a stranger who looks somewhat worried
D. a friend who is ill当一个朋友病了．
8. The writer seems to feel that a busy man should .
作者觉得一个大忙人．．．
A. be praised for his efforts
B. never be asked any question
C. not be bothered不想被打扰
D. be discouraged from working so that
9. George Bernard Shaw’s reply in the passage show his .
乔治最后的回答显示出他．．
A. cheerfulness
B. cleverness 聪明
C. ability
D. politeness
10. “You’ve put a bug in his ear” means that you’ve .
你把虫子放到他耳朵里意思是你
A. made him laugh
B. shown concern for him
C. made fun of him
D. given him some kind of warning给他一些警告．
Passage Three
It is possible to stop most drug addiction in the United States within a very short time. Simply make all drugs available and sell them at cost. Label each drug with a precise description of what effect -– good and bad -– the drug will have on the taker. This will require heroic honesty.
For the record, I have -– once -– almost every drug and like none, disproving the popular theory that taking a single smoke of opium will enslave the mind. Nevertheless many drugs are bad for certain people to take and they should be told why in a sensible way.
Along with advice and warning, it might be good for our citizens to recall that the United States was the creation of men who believed that each man has the right to do what he wants with his own life as long as he does not interfere with his neighbor’s pursuit of happiness.
Now one can hear the warning, if everyone is allowed to take drugs, everyone will, and the gross national product will decrease and we shall end up a race of fools. Alarming thought. Yet it seems most likely that any reasonably healthy-minded person will not become a drug addict if he knows in advance what addiction is going to be like.
Is everyone reasonably sensible? No. Some people will always become drug addicts just as some people will always become drunk, and it is just too bad. Every man, however, has the power to kill himself if he chooses. But since most men don’t, they won’t be the majority, either. Nevertheless, forbidding people things they like or think they might enjoy only makes them want those things all the more. This psychological insight is, for some mysterious reason, denied our governors.
11. The author’s solution to the drug problem is .作者多药品问题的解决方法
A. to make all drugs extremely costly
B. to put honest warnings on all drug labels在药品的标签上贴可靠的警告．
C. to make the buying and selling of all drugs illegal
D. to tell people the dangerous effects of drugs on health
12. Many people believe that .很多人认为
A. taking drugs once in a while will not be harmful
B. a single smoke of opium will make you an addict to it单一的麻醉剂会让你上瘾
C. the authorities are honest in dealing with the drug problem
D. It is a heroic activity to destroy all the drugs available
13. According to the author, forbidding people to take drugs is .
作者认为禁止人们用药是．．．
A. unacceptable to the majority of people
B. not an effective way to stop drug addiction不是一个有效的防止毒瘾的方法．
C. in the interest of the people and the governors
D. in agreement with the basic rights of citizens
14. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
由文章我们知道
A. Few people will take drugs if they are allowed
B. The United States will be easily defeated if its citizens are allowed to take drugs
C. It is a general practice to forbid drugs in different countries
在很多国家禁止药品是惯例．
D. A majority of people will become addict to drugs if they are allowed to take them
15. Which of the following might best describe the author’s arguments in the passage? .
下列哪个是作者观点最好的描述
A. Alarming
B. Unusual 不寻常的．
C. Mysterious
D. Traditional
IV. Translate the following expressions into English
1. 电子报警系electronic alarm system
2.巡查严密的城市街道well-patrolled urban streets
3. 据称宁静的地区the alleged tranquil areas
4. 公益广告public service advertisement
5. 聪明反被聪明误outsmart oneself
6. 出错的概率很小with a small margin of error
7. 前门不落锁leave the front door on the latch
8. 以….的名义in the name of
9. 客货两用车van 10. 出入卡access card
V. Translate the following sentences into English, using words or phrases in this unit for the underlined parts:
1.你的论点很容易受到攻击. (vulnerable)
Your argument is vulnerable to refutation.
2.我们现在正处于一个新的伟大的信息时代. (era)
We are in the new era of information overflow.
3.科学家分析了一下这杯牛奶, 发现里面水分过多. (analyze)
The scientist analyzed this cup of milk and found out that there was too much water in it .
4.这个年轻人将他最喜欢的歌手的照片贴在墙上.(paste)
This young man likes to paste his favourite singer's photo on the wall.
5.当你回顾你的一生时, 你最珍惜的是什么时候? (look back on)
When you look back on your past,what's stuff you cherish the most?
6.上海会议中心附近部署了很多警察，以防恐怖分子接近。(hold…at bay)
There are many police officers are deployed at Shanghai Conference/Convention Centre to deter the terrorist
大学英语精读3翻译答案
Unit1 2) 杰克对书架上那些书一本也不了解，所以他的选择是很随意的。 Jack didn't know anything about any of the books on the bookshelf, so his choice was quite arbitrary. 4) 我认为我们应该鼓励中学生在暑假找临时工作。 I think we should encourage high school students to find temporary jobs / employment during their summer holidays. 5) 令我们吃惊的是，这位常被赞为十分正直的州长（governor）竟然是个贪官（corrupt official）。 To our surprise, the governor who had often been praised for his honesty turned out to be a corrupt official. 6) 少数工人得到提升（be promoted），与此同时却有数百名工人被解雇。 A few workers were promoted, but meanwhile hundreds of workers were dismissed. Unit3 1) 许多美国大学生申请政府贷款交付学费。 Many American students apply for government loans to pay for their education / tuition. 2) 除阅读材料外，使用电影和多媒体（multimedia）会激发学生学习的兴趣。 Besides reading materials, the use of films and multimedia can stimulate students' interest in a subject. 5) 我已经把我的简历（résumé）寄往几家公司，但尚未收到回复。 I have sent off my résumé to several corporations, but haven't yet received a reply. 6) 她的结论是建立在对当前国际情况进行了认真的分析的基础上的。 Her conclusion is built / based on a careful analysis of current international affairs. 7) 我们满怀期望地来参加会议，离开时却大失所望。 We came to the meeting full of expectations, yet we left very disappointed. Unit5 1 就能力而言,我肯定他能胜任这件工作。 As far as ability is concerned, I am sure he will qualify for the job. 6) 在西方，人们常常邮购商品，这可以节省许多时间。 In the West, people often send away for mail-order goods, which can save a lot of time. 7) 抱歉, 时间不多了，我建议我们跳到最后一章。 Sorry time is running out; I suggest we skip to the last chapter. 8) 既然你决心尽快完成硕士课程(master's program), 那就别让你的社交生活(social life)妨碍你的学习。 Since you have set your mind to finishing your master's program as soon as possible, don't let your social life stand in the way of your studies. Unit6 1) 装了(fitted with) 假肢(artificial leg)，他起初走路走不稳，但经过锻炼他的步子(step) 稳了。 Fitted with the artificial leg, he walked unsteadily / shakily at first, but with practice his steps became steady. 2) 医生说我得了重感冒，给我开了四种药，三种是药片，饭后服，另一种是药水 (liquid)，睡前服。 The doctor said I had caught a severe cold and she prescribed me four different medicines. Three of them are pills to be taken after meals and the other is liquid to be drunk before going to bed. 4) 汽车早已开走看不见了，珍妮 (Jenny) 还站在大门口凝视着路的尽头。 Jenny was still standing at the gate gazing at the end of the road long after the car was out of sight. 6) 一般来说，通过增加供给或减少需求可以降低物价。 In general, prices may be brought down by increasing supply or decreasing demand. Unit7 1) 像平常一样，他在开始洗漱（get washed）前，将收音机调至早晨七点的新闻广播。 As usual, he tuned his radio for the 7 a.m. news broadcast before he began to get washed. 2) 有许多文件要签，但紧急的只有这份合同。 There are a lot of papers to sign, but the only urgent one is this contract. 3) 在该市，因吸毒（drug abuse）和赌博（gambling）而引发的罪行在发展，当地政府似乎找不出对付这一问题的办法。 In that city crime born of drug abuse and gambling is on the rise, and the local government seems unable to figure out a way to cope with it. 5) 我敢肯定那座楼在空袭（air raid）中一定被完全炸毁了。 I bet the building must have been completely destroyed in the air raid. 2) 即使你是班上最好的学生之一，要保住成绩也得常常温习功课才行。 Even if you are one of the best students in class, in order to maintain your grades you must review your lessons often. 4) 情况确实是如此，有些人一生中很早就获得成功，而另一些人则要工作很长时间方能实现自己的目标。 It is true that some people achieve success very early in life, while others must work a long time before attaining their goals. 5) 他坚持认为这次实验的失败主要由于准备不足(inadequate)。 He maintained that the failure of the experiment was largely due to inadequate preparation. 6) 如今研究人员提倡我们应该每天花些时间将自己想要达到的目标投射到心灵的屏幕上。Researchers now recommend that we take time every day to project our desired goals onto the screen in our minds. Unit10 1.事实上，对于这次海难（shipwreck）报纸上的说法不一。 In fact, there are different accounts of the shipwreck in the newspapers. 2.据说这一地区早在两千年前农业就很先进。 It is said that the area was well advanced in agriculture as early as 2,000 years ago. 3.瞧他是如何操作这机器的，然后就照着做。 6.圣诞节和元旦相隔一周时间。 There is an interval of a week between Christmas and New Year's Day. unit7 the big chance良机 He wasn't the kind to pick a secretary by the color of her hair. Not Bill Hargrave. Both Paula and Nancy had been smart enough to know that. And for some time everyone in the office had known that one of them, Paula or Nancy, was going to get the job. In fact, the decision would probably be made this afternoon. Hargrave was leaving town and wanted to settle the matter before he left. 他不是那种根据头发的颜色来挑选秘书的人。比尔〃哈格雷夫不是那种人。波拉和南希都很聪明，明白这点。一段时间以来，办公室里人人都知道，她俩中的一个，不是波拉就是南希，将要得到这个职务。事实上，决定可能就在今天下午作出。哈格雷夫就要外出，要在动身前安排好这事。 The two girls could see him from their desks outside his office. Maybe it was only some correspondence that he was looking at with cool, keen eyes. But for a moment his finger seemed to pause above those two efficient little pushbuttons. If he pressed the left one, it would be Paula's pulse which would begin to beat faster. 两个姑娘可以从他办公室外面各自的办公桌那儿看到他。他那沉着、热切的目光正在注视着的可能只不过是则信函而已。可是有那么一会儿，他的手指似乎在那两个颇有效率的小按钮上踌躇着。要是他按左边那个，就会使波拉的脉搏加快跳动 Paula couldn't keep her eyes off that light on her desk. She kept making mistakes in her typing and nervously taking the sheets of paper out in order to start all over again. 波拉的目光一直盯着桌上的那个小灯。她打字时老是出错，老是情绪紧张地把纸拉出来，以便重新开始。 She leaned across her typewriter and said to Nancy, "They boss is all dressed up today. He must be going on a special trip." 她靠在打字机上对南希说：?头儿今天穿得上下笔挺。他准是要作一次不同寻常的旅行。?She was just talking to relieve her nervousness. Nancy took her time about answering. She wasn't used to having Paula talk to her in such an intimate tone. (1)Not since they'd learned a month ago that they were both in line for a promotion, for the important job as Bill Hargrave's secretary. 她说话不过是为了消除紧张情绪。南希没有马上回答。她不习惯波拉用如此亲昵的口吻和她说话。一个月前，她们就得知她俩之中将有人获得提升，担任比尔〃哈格雷夫的秘书这一重要职务。从那时起，南希就对波拉用如此亲昵的口吻和她说话觉得别扭。 well, the job was worth going after. There was the salary, for one thing. And there was the prestige. The boss' secretary knew a great deal about the business. And there were the interesting people she got to talk to. The important people. And the boxes of perfume, flowers, and candy they often left on her desk. And there was Bill Hargrave for a boss. Young and clever and attractive. That was a factor, too. 嗨，这工作还是值得去努力的。一方面是薪水的问题。另外还有地位的问题。头儿的秘书了解很多业务情况。还有那些她将能与之交谈的有趣的人。那些重要人物。还有他们常留在她桌上的一包包香水、鲜花和糖果。当然还有比尔〃哈格雷夫这个头儿。年轻聪明又有魅力。那也是一个因素。 (2)Paula didn't need any lessons when it came to office politics. She was the one who was always busy when someone of little importance in the office wanted his material typed. "Sorry, but it's impossible. Jack. Why not ask Nancy?" and they did ask Nancy. It left Paula free to do Bill Hargrave's work in a hurry. She was never too busy for Bill's work. 说到办公室里明争暗斗那一套，波拉可算是无师自通。办公室里无关紧要的人要想把什么材料打出来时，她总是不巧正忙着。“对不起，杰克，可没有办法。为什么不让南希打呢?于是他们果然就让南希打。这样波拉就有时间把比尔·哈格雷夫的东西赶紧打出来。给比尔打东西她从不嫌忙。 When Hargrave finally pressed one of those buttons it was at Paula's desk that the light went on. She started to make a grab for her notebook, but she quickly took out her mirror first. Then she grabbed up her notebook and an envelope that was on the desk. 等到哈格雷夫终于按了那两个按钮中的一个时，亮起来的是波拉桌上的灯。她起身去抓笔记本，可很快先掏出了镜子。随后她一把抓起笔记本，还有桌上的一个信封。 (3)As for Nancy, what else could she do but sit there with her pretty blonde head bent over her typewriter? Nancy was a natural blonde, and that seemed the best way to describe her, she just didn't seem to know any tricks such as Paula did for making herself more popular with the boss. 至于南希，她除了低垂着她那满头漂亮金发的脑袋坐在那儿打字以外，还能干别的什么呢? 南希是个不会做作的金发碧眼女郎，这样描绘她似乎是最恰当不过了。波拉为取悦头儿耍的种种花招，她却好像一窍不通。 The moment Paula got inside Hargrave's office he asked about that stateroom. 波拉一进办公室，哈格雷夫就问高级客舱的事。 She handed him the envelope. It contained the two tickets. "That's your stateroom number on the outside," she said in a businesslike way. 她把那个信封递给他。里面有两张票。?信封上是高级客舱的编号，?她用事务式的口气说 She had on a blue flannel suit, something like Bill's, and it was clear he thought she looked pretty smart in it. 她身穿一套法兰绒蓝套装，跟比尔穿的有点相仿，他显然觉得她穿这套衣服很漂亮。 He looked again at the number of his stateroom and he put the envelope carefully in his inside pocket. 他又看了看高级客舱的编号，把信封小心翼翼地装进里面的口袋。 Then he told her she was going to have a new job. He mentioned the salary, too. 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