人大附中高中英语新高考语法一轮复习讲义(18)半情态动词ought to,need,dare,used to知识点总结整理

人大附中高中英语新高考语法一轮复习讲义(18)半情态动词ought to,need,dare,used to知识点总结整理
人大附中高中英语新高考语法一轮复习讲义(18)半情态动词ought to,need,dare,used to知识点总结整理

2021届人大附中高中英语新高考语法一轮复习讲义(18)半情态动词(ought to,need,dare,used to)知识点总结整理

这一期学习几个半情态动词(ought to,need,dare,used to)的用法

——Ought to

Ought to 之后接原形动词

在谈论愿景或理想的事时可以用ought to

例:

They ought to build more parks in the city centre.(他们应该在城市中心建更多的公园)

We ought to eat lots of fruit and vegetables every day.(我们每天应该吃大量的水果和蔬菜)

ought to也可表推论,译为“应当会”

例:There ought to be some good films at the cinema this weekend.(这周末电影院应当会有一些不错的电影)

Since he works hard,he ought to (should)succeed(由于他很努力,应该会成功)

Ought to have + 过去分词本应当……

Ought to have + 过去分词用来传达过去的理想或理想状况,但并没有发生,传达出某种遗憾,等于should have + 过去分词例:

We ought to have locked the gate. Then the dog wouldn’t have got out.(我们本应该锁门的,那样狗就不会出去了)

——Need

need同样为半情态动词,作情态助动词时,主要用在否定句中,与not连用,后接动词原形。

We needn’t spend much time on this topic.(我们不需要花太多时间在这个话题上)

在疑问句中,need可做助动词或一般动词

例1:Does he need to go?(一般动词)

例2:Need he go?(助动词)

他需要去吗?

needn’t have + 过去分词本不需要……

用来表示已经发生了但说话者觉得没有必要的事

You needn’t have waite d for me.(你本不需要等我的)You needn’t have bought so much food. (你本不要买这么多实物的)

need也可做一般动词,具有人称及时态的变化,之后接不定式短语或名词作宾语。

例1:I need to have my hair cut.(我需要去理发)

例2:He needs an umbrella.(他需要一把伞)

——dare

dare做助动词用在否定句或疑问句中,

否定句型:dare not + 动词原形

例:He dare not hit me.(他不敢打我)

疑问句型:dare sb. + 动词原形

例1:Dare he go there?(他敢去那儿吗?)

例2:Daren’t he go there?(他不敢去哪儿吗?)

dare作一般动词可用在陈述句,否定句,疑问句中,但后面通常接to,to可以省略

陈述句:If Sally dares (to) go there again, she’ll be in big trouble!(如果萨利敢再去那里,她会有大麻烦)

否定句:He doesn’t dare (to) go there. (他不敢去那儿)疑问句:Doesn’t he dare (to) go there? (他不敢去哪儿吗?)

dare也可作及物动词,表“向某人挑战之意”

dare sb. to + 动词原形

= challenge sb to + 动词原形

例:He dare me to jump the stream.(他挑战我越过这条小溪)

——used to

used to 为助动词,之后接原形动词,译为“过去曾经”

例:He used to live there(他过去曾住在那里)

He used to play football for the local team(他曾效力于当地足球队)

疑问句中,最常用的形式为“did + use to ……”

例:Did you use to work with Kevin Harris?

注意

下列结构中used不是助动词,而是use的过去分词,

人+ be used to +名词/动名词某人习惯....

例: He is used to working alone (他习惯单独工作)

=He is accustomed to working alone

物+be used to+原形动词某物被用来....

例: The book can be used to teach us English writing (这本书可用来教我们英语写作)

物+be used as+原形动词某物被用.....

例: The knife was used as a weapon (这把刀背用来当武器) 以上是常见的半情态动词的用法,希望大家有所收获,到这里助动词的用法给大家都分享了,总共这么多

基本助动词

do、have、be

情态助动词

Can(could)、will(would)、shall(should)、must、may、

might

半情态助动词

Need、ought to、used to、dare

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