专业级英国美国文学知识考点
英国文学
一、古英语时期地英国文学＜499-1066 ）
1、贝奥武夫
2、阿尔弗雷德大帝：英国散文之父
二、中古英语时期地英国文学
1、allegory体非常盛行
2、Roma nee开始上升到一定地高度
3、高文爵士和绿衣骑士
4、Willia n Lan glaud 《农夫皮尔斯地幻象》
5、乔叟坎特伯雷故事集＜英雄双韵体）
6、托马斯.马洛礼《亚瑟王之死》
三、文艺复兴时期地英国文学＜伊丽莎白时代）＜14-16世纪）
1、托马斯?莫尔《乌托邦》
2、Thomas Wyatt 和Henry Howard 引入sonnet
3、Philips Sidney 《The defense of Poesie 》
《阿卡迪亚》描述田园生活；现代长篇小说地先驱
4、斯宾塞《仙后》诗人中地诗人；斯宾塞体诗节；
5、莎士比亚：
长篇叙事诗：《维纳斯和阿多尼斯》、《露克丝受辱记》
四大悲剧：哈姆雷特、李尔王、奥赛罗、麦克白
7、本.琼森风俗喜剧vcomedy of manners ）《人性互异》
8、约翰.多恩“玄学派”诗歌创始人
9、George Herbert玄学派诗圣
10、弗朗西斯.培根现代科学和唯物主义哲学创始人之一
《Essays》英国发展史上地里程碑
《学术地推进》和《新工具》
四、启蒙时期＜18世纪）
1、约翰、弥尔顿：《失乐园》、《为英国人民争辩》
2、约翰、班扬：《天路历程》religious allegory
3、约翰、德莱顿：英国新古典主义地杰出代表、桂冠诗人；
《论戏剧诗》
4、亚历山大.蒲柏：英国新古典主义诗歌地重要代表；英雄双韵体地使用达到
登峰造极地使用；《田园组诗》是其最早田园诗歌代表作b5E2RGbCAP
5、托马斯、格雷：感伤主义中墓园诗派地代表人物《墓园挽歌》
6、威廉、布莱克：天真之歌、经验之歌；
7、罗伯特、彭斯：苏格兰最杰出地农民诗人；
8、Richard Steel 和Joseph Addis on 合作创办《The tatler》和《the spectator》p1EanqFDPw
9、Samuel defoe 英国现实主义小说地奠基人之一；《鲁滨逊漂流记》；
《铲除非国教徒地捷径》，仪表达自己地不满；DXDiTa9E3d
10、Jonathan Swift《一个小小地建议》；《格列佛游记》；《桶地故事》；
11、Samuel Richards on 英国现代小说地创始人；帕M拉；克拉丽莎；查尔斯格蓝迪森爵士地历史；RTCrpUDGiT
12、Henry Fielding英国现实主义小说理论地奠基人；《约瑟夫.安德鲁》；《汤姆.琼斯》，英国现实主义小说地最高成就；5PCzVD7HxA
13、劳伦斯、斯特恩：感伤主义小说地杰出代表，《项狄传》，第一部开创了意识流小说地先驱之作品；《感伤地旅行》jLBHrnAlLg
14、Oliver Goldsmith :《好心人》；《屈伸求爱》；《威客菲尔德牧师传》，感伤主义文学；XHAQX74J0X
诗歌《荒村》从新古典主义向浪漫主义过渡地标志；
散文作品《世界公民》；
15、谢里丹：《造谣学校》，莎士比亚之后最杰出地英国喜剧，是整个英国史上最优秀地作品之一；达到英国“风俗喜剧”之巅；LDAYtRyKfE
五、维多利亚时期地英国文学＜19世纪）
1、威廉、华兹华斯：桂冠诗人；《独自云游》《孤独地割麦女》
《抒情歌谣集》最杰出地诗篇；
《序曲》；
2、柯勒律治：《古舟子咏》《忽必烈汗》《克里斯贝尔》
3、骚赛：桂冠诗人；《Thalaba the destroyer》是骚赛最重要地长篇史诗之一；另一各是《格拉玛地诅咒》Zzz6ZB2Ltk
4、乔治、戈登、拜伦：《唐璜》
5、雪莱：《阿多尼》，悼念济慈,英国史上最杰出地挽歌之一；
《西风颂》、《解放了地普罗M修斯》《致云雀》《诗辩》（A defence of poetry〉；
6、约翰、济慈：《圣?阿格尼斯节前夕》是使人最杰出地作品之一；
许多颂歌：《秋颂》《夜莺颂》《希腊古翁颂》
7、阿尔弗雷德、丁尼生：《Break,break,break,》；《公主》；
《悼念In memoriam》英国史上最优秀地挽歌之一。
8、罗伯特、布朗宁：首仓U dramatic monologue ；
《环与树》英国19世纪最杰出地长诗之一；
9、伊丽莎白、布朗宁：《孩子们地哭声》；
10、托马斯、昆西：《一个抽鸦片人地独白》，对詹姆斯、乔伊斯和T.S艾略特产生一定影响；
11、沃尔特、司各特：历史小说之父；
12、简、奥斯汀
13、勃朗特三姐妹
14、乔治、艾略特：原名玛丽安、伊万斯；19世界现实主义小说地杰出代表，同时是多产且学识渊博地作家；《亚当、比地》、《弗洛斯河上地磨坊》《织工马南》《M德尔马契》dvzfvkwMIl
15、盖斯凯尔夫人：《玛丽巴顿》；《夏洛蒂勃朗特传》
16、查尔斯、狄更斯：
乐观时期：《波兹特写》《匹克维克外传》《雾都孤儿》《老古玩店》；
不乐观时期：《美国札记》《董贝父子》《大卫科波菲尔》
后期：《荒凉山庄》《艰难时事》《双城记》《远大前程》
17、萨克雷：《名利场》《亨利埃斯蒙德》《纽克母一家》
18、托马斯、哈代：
《远离尘嚣》《还乡》《喀斯特桥市长》《威塞克斯故事集》
《列王》the dynasts:哈代思想艺术集大成之作
19、约瑟夫、路德亚林、吉普林（Joseph Rudyard Kipling>1907 年诺贝尔文学奖；rqyn14ZNXI
20:约瑟夫、康拉德：《黑暗地心》
21:奥斯卡、王尔德
六、20世纪地英国文学
1、愤怒地青年：金斯利、埃M斯<幸运儿吉姆）；艾伦、西里脱<星期六晚上和星期天早上）；约翰、奥斯本< 愤怒地回顾）；EmxvxOtOco
2、叶芝：爱尔兰使人《芦苇地风》《库尔地野天鹅》《驶向拜占庭》
3、John Galsworthy :《福尔赛世家》三部曲the man of property。in chancery。 to let。sixE2yxpq5
4、Herbert George wells :现代科幻小说：modern scienee fiction 地鼻祖；《时间机器》6ewMyirQFL
5、A rnold Bennett:贝内特是现实主义小说家,《老妇谭》是20世纪英国小说地一部经典作品；kavU42VRUs
6、毛姆：《人生地枷锁》
7、Henry James,现代主义小说地先行者，承上启下地人物；
小说评论集：《小说地艺术》；
《黛西.M勒》
8、劳伦斯
9、詹姆斯、奥古斯汀、乔伊斯：
《都柏林人》《一个青年艺术家地画像》《芬尼根守灵夜》《尤利西斯》，全世界范围内意识流创作地最高成就和传世之作；y6v3ALoS89
10、弗吉尼亚、伍尔夫：《雅各布地房间》《到灯塔去》《浪》；
11、E.M . Forster:《通往印度之路》
12、萧伯纳：《易卜生主义地精华》
《鳏夫地房产》《华伦夫人地职业》《英国佬地另一个岛》《圣女贞德》《皮
格马利翁》
13、Willian Golding : 1983诺贝尔文学奖,《蝇王》；
14、约翰、福尔斯：《法国中尉地女人》；
15、Samuel Beckett塞缪尔贝克特：1969诺贝尔文学奖获得者,《等待戈多》；《残局》；M2ub6vSTnP
16、哈罗德品特：萧伯纳之后英国最重要地剧作家，2005年诺贝尔文学奖得住；《看管人》《送菜升降机》《背叛》
17、TS艾略特
18、塞、戴、刘易斯：1968获桂冠诗人；
19、飞利浦、拉金：运动派诗人地领袖；
美国文学：
一、殖民地时期地美国文学
1、约翰史密斯：美国文学地第一个作家，《关于弗吉尼亚地真实叙述》；
英国文学史及选读 复习要点总结概要
《英国文学史及选读》第一册复习要点 1. Beowulf: national epic of the English people; Denmark story; alliteration, metaphors and understatements (此处可能会有填空,选择等小题 2. Romance (名词解释 3. “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”: a famous roman about King Arthur’ s story 4. Ballad(名词解释 5. Character of Robin Hood 6. Geoffrey Chaucer: founder of English poetry; The Canterbury Tales (main contents; 124 stories planned, only 24 finished; written in Middle English; significance; form: heroic couplet 7. Heroic couplet (名词解释 8. Renaissance(名词解释 9.Thomas More—— Utopia 10. Sonnet(名词解释 11. Blank verse(名词解释12. Edmund Spenser “The Faerie Queene” 13. Francis Bacon “essays” esp. “Of Studies” (推荐阅读,学习写正式语体的英文文章的好参照,本文用词正式优雅,多排比句和长句,语言造诣非常高,里面很多话都可以引用做格言警句,非常值得一读 14. William Shakespeare四大悲剧比较重要,此外就是罗密欧与朱立叶了,这些剧的主题,背景,情节,人物形象都要熟悉,当然他最重要的是 Hamlet 这是肯定的。他的sonnet 也很重要,最重要属 sonnet18。 (其戏剧中著名对白和几首有名的十四行诗可能会出选读 15. John Milton 三大史诗非常重要,特别是 Paradise Lost 和 Samson Agonistes。对于 Paradise Lost 需要知道它是 blank verse写成的,故事情节来自 Old Testament,另外要知道此书 theme 和 Satan 的形象。
英国文学史及选读__期末试题及答案
考试课程：英国文学史及选读考核类型：A 卷 考试方式：闭卷出卷教师: XXX 考试专业：英语考试班级：英语xx班 I.Multiple choice (30 points, 1 point for each) select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. 1._____，a typical example of old English poetry ,is regarded today as the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons. A.The Canterbury Tales B.The Ballad of Robin Hood C.The Song of Beowulf D.Sir Gawain and the Green Kinght 2._____is the most common foot in English poetry. A.The anapest B.The trochee C.The iamb D.The dactyl 3.The Renaissance is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events, which one of the following is NOT such an event? A.The rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture. B.England’s domestic rest C.New discovery in geography and astrology D.The religious reformation and the economic expansion 4._____is the most successful religious allegory in the English language. A.The Pilgrims Progress B.Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners C.The Life and Death of Mr.Badman D.The Holy War 5.Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries, its essence is _____. A.science B.philosophy C.arts D.humanism 6.“So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,/So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.”(Shakespeare, Sonnets18)What does“this”refer to ? A.Lover. B.Time. C.Summer. D.Poetry. 7.“O prince, O chief of my throned powers, /That led th’ embattled seraphim to war/Under thy conduct, and in dreadful deeds/Fearless, endangered Heaven’s perpetual king”In the third line of the above passage quoted from Milton’s Paradise Los t, the phrase“thy conduct”refers to _____conduct. A.God’s B.Satan’s C.Adam’s D.Eve’s
英美文学知识点总结(适用于英语专八)
Old English Literature 古英语文学 （450-1066年） Beowulf （贝奥武甫）---The first English national epic 中世纪英语文学（1066-1500） Geoffrey Chaucer(乔叟，c. 1343–1400) was an English poet. He is remembered for his The Canterbury Tales《坎特伯雷故事集》, called the father of English litera ture―英国文学之父‖William Langland (朗格兰，1330?-1400?),the author of the 14th-century English long narrative poem Piers Plowman《农夫皮尔斯》. 文艺复兴（16-17世纪） William Shakespeare (莎士比亚，1564-1616), English poet and playwright, his surviving works consist of 38 plays, 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems Venus and Adonis 《维拉斯和阿多尼斯》The Rape of Lucrece.《鲁克丽丝受辱记》 Shakespeare‘s greatest works: greatest tragedies are King Lear 《李尔王》,Macbeth《麦克白》,Hamlet《哈姆雷特》, Othello 《奥赛罗》,Romeo and Juliet 《罗密欧与朱丽叶》 grea t comedies: A Midsumme r Night‘s Dream《仲夏夜之梦》,As You Like It 《皆大欢喜》,The Merchant of Venice 《威尼斯商人》, Twelfth Night 《第十二夜》 great historical plays: Richard III 《理查三世》,Henry IV 《亨利四世》, Henry V 《亨利五世》, Henry VII 《亨利八世》 John Milton (弥尔顿, 1608-1674)was an English poet and civil servant for the Commonwealth of England. He is best known for his epic poem Paradise Lost《失乐园》, Paradise Regained《复乐园》Samson 《力士参孙》. 18世纪文学和新古典主义 Alexander Pope (浦柏,1688-1744 ) is generally regarded as the greatest English poet of the eighteenth century, best known for his satirical epigram 讽刺隽语and heroic couplet英雄双韵体.His major works include mock epic satirical poem An Essay on Man 《人论》and An Essay on Criticism 《论批评》 Daniel Defoe ( 笛福，1660—1731)was an English writer who gained enduring fame for his novel Robinson Crusoe《鲁滨逊漂流记》, spokesman for middle-class people Henry Fielding (菲尔丁, 1707 ---1754) ，an English novelist known for his novel:The History of Tom Jones. Jonathan Swift (斯威夫特,1667-1745), was an Anglo-Irish novelist, satirist. He is remembered for novel such as Gulliver‘s Travels《格列佛游记》. Richard Sheridan ( 谢立丹，1751—1816), Irish playwright ,known for his satirical play School of Scandal(造谣学校). He was a represntative writer of Comedies of Manners. Laurence Sterne (斯特恩,1713—1768 ), an English novelist. He is best known for his novel Tristram Shandy （《商第传》）. Oliver Goldsmith （哥尔德斯密斯，1728-1774）English novelist, known for his novel Vicar of Wakefield (《威克菲尔德牧师传记》) Thomas Gray (托马斯?格雷1716—1771 )，an English poet, author of Elegy Written in a
招教 笔试 英语 必背考点
一、英语语言学重要概念 1. Language c an be generally defined as a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication. 2. The design/defining features of human language: ⑴Arbitrariness ⑵Productivity/Creativity ⑶Duality ⑷Displacement ⑸Cultural transmission 3. Minimal pair(最小对立体)----when two different forms are identical (the same) in every way except for one sound segment which occurs in the same place in the strings, the two sound combinations are said to form a minimal pair, e.g. beat, bit, bet, bat, boot, but, bait, bite, boat. 4. A phone(音素)is a phonetic unit or segment. The speech sounds we hear and produce during linguistic communication are all phones. Phones do not necessarily distinguish meaning, some do, some don’t, e.g. [ bI:t ] & [ bIt ], [spIt] & [spIt]. A phoneme(音位)is a phonological unit; it is a unit of distinctive value; an abstract unit, not a particular sound, but it is represented by a certain phone in certain phonetic context, e.g. the phoneme /p/ can be represented differently in [pIt], [tIp] and [spIt]. Allophones(音位变体)----the phones that can represent a phoneme in different phonetic environments 5. Morpheme(词素)--the minimal unit of meaning 6. Free morpheme(自由词素)& bound morpheme(粘着词素) ①Free morpheme----is one that may constitute a word (free form) by itself, such as bed, tree, sing, dance, etc. ②Bound morpheme----is one that may appear with at least one other morpheme. They can not stand by themselves, such as “-s”in “dogs”, “al”in “national”, “dis-”in “disclose”, “ed”in “recorded”, etc. 7. Derivational morpheme(派生词素)& inflectional morpheme (屈折词素) ①Derivational morphemes---- the morphemes which change the category, or grammatical class of words, e.g. modern---modernize, length---lengthen, fool---foolish, etc. ②Inflectional morphemes---- the morphemes which are for the most part purely grammatical markers, signifying such concepts as tense, number, case and so on; they never change their syntactic category, never add any lexical meaning, e.g. a) number: tables apples cars b) person, finiteness and aspect: talk/talks/talking/talked c) case: John/John’s 8. Synonymy（同义关系） 1) Dialectal synonyms e.g. autumn - fall, biscuit - cracker, petrol –gasoline… 2) Stylistic synonymse.g. kid, child, offspring; start, begin, commence… 3) Emotive synonym, e.g. collaborator- accomplice… 4) Collocational synonyms, e.g. accuse…of, charge…with, rebuke…for; … 9. Antonymy （反义关系） 1) Gradable antonyms e.g. old-young, hot-cold, tall-short … 2) Complementary antonymse.g. alive-dead, male-female …
英国文学史期末复习重点
英国文学史 Part one: Early and Medieval English Literature Chapter 1 The Making of England 1. The early inhabitants in the island now we call England were Britons, a tribe of Gelts. 2. In 55 B.C., Britain was invaded by Julius Caesar. The Roman occupation lasted for about 400 years. It was also during the Roman role that Christianity was introduced to Britain. And in 410 A.D., all the Roman troops went back to the continent and never returned. 3. The English Conquest At the same time Britain was invaded by swarms of pirates（海盗）. They were three tribes from Northern Europe: the Angles, Saxons and Jutes. And by the 7th century these small kingdoms were combined into a United Kingdom called England, or, the land of Angles. And the three dialects spoken by them naturally grew into a single language called Anglo -Saxon, or Old English. 4. The Social Condition of the Anglo -Saxon Therefore, the Anglo -Saxon period witnessed a transition from tribal society to feudalism. 5. Anglo -Saxon Religious Belief and Its Influence The Anglo -Saxons were Christianized in the seventh century. Chapter 2 Beowulf 1. Anglo -Saxon Poetry But there is one long poem of over 3,000 lines. It is Beowulf, the national epic of the English people. Grendel is a monster described in Beowulf. 3. Analysis of Its Content Beowulf is a folk lengend brought to England by Anglo -Saxons from their continental homes. It had been passed from mouth to mouth for hundreds of years before it was written down in the tenth century. 4. Features of Beowulf The most striking feature in its poetical form is the use of alliteration, metaphors and understatements. Chapter 3 Feudal England 1）T he Norman Conquest 2. The Norman Conquest The French -speaking Normans under Duke William came in 1066. After defeating the English at Hastings, William was crowned as King of England. The Norman Conquest marks the establishment of feudalism in England.
英美文学考试复习点重点整理
1.现实主义、批判现实主义（代表人物、作品，以及每部作品讲了什么故事）P276—比如《匹克威克外传》主要讲什么？P281 《双城记》主要讲什么？P298 《大卫科波菲尔》主要讲什么？P292 2.其中自传体形式的作品有哪些？ 3.傲慢与偏见的第一个名字：first impression(Pride and prejudice现) 4.三姐妹指的是？ 5.19世纪有名小说名利场副标题：“A Novel Without a Hero”作者：William Makepeace Thackeray P303 6.18th浪漫主义作家、代表作P211 反对什么,反抗什么思想？ 7.Pop代表作有哪些？P134 剪发记？ 8.玄学诗派有哪些人物组成？Leading Feature? P116 9.乌托邦is written in form of ?P33 10.Universal Wicks大学才子是谁？P50 11.中世纪文学流行的是? 主题特征骑马精神P8？ 12.最著名作家：乔叟P19 13.对于三次征服的概念（1）罗马征服P1 （2）英国人征服P2（3）诺曼征服P5 14.人民大宪章什么时候出现？时间：1837年
1.John Milton He was born in London in 1608. He is a master of the blank verse, and a great stylist. And he is famous for his grand style.But his style is never exactly natural. He devoted almost twenty years of his best life to the fight for political, religious and personal liberty as a writer. His famous works are Paradise lost, Paradise Regained, and Samson Agonistes. 2.Romance Romance was the most prevailing kind of literature of the upper class in feudal England in the Medieval Ages. It is a long composition in verse or in prose which describes the life and chivalric adventures of a noble hero. The central character of romances is the knight, a man of noble birth skilled in the use of weapon. The theme of loyalty to king and lord was repeatedly emphasized in romances. 3.the Enlightenment It is the philosophical and artistic movement growing out of the Renaissance and continuing until the nineteenth century. It was an optimistic belief that humanity could improve itself by applying logic and reasons to all things. Typically, these enlightenment writers would use satire to ridicule what they felt illogical errors in government, social
(完整)最全面英国文学史知识点总结,推荐文档
英国文学史 I. Old English Literature & The Late Medieval Ages
(完整word版)吴伟仁--英国文学史及选读--名词解释
①Beowulf: The national heroic epic of the English people. It has over 3,000 lines. It describes the battles between the two monsters and Beowulf, who won the battle finally and dead for the fatal wound. The poem ends with the funeral of the hero. The most striking feature in its poetical form is the use if alliteration. Other features of it are the use of metaphors(暗喻) and of understatements(含蓄). ②Alliteration: In alliterative verse, certain accented(重音) words in a line begin with the same consonant sound(辅音). There are generally 4accents in a line, 3 of which show alliteration, as can be seen from the above quotation. ③Romance: The most prevailing(流行的) kind of literature in feudal England was the Romance. It was a long composition, sometimes in verse(诗篇), sometimes in prose(散文), describing the life and adventures of a noble hero, usually a knight, as riding forth to seek adventures, taking part in tournament(竞赛), or fighting for his lord in battle and the swearing of oaths. ④Epic: An epic is a lengthy narrative poem, ordinarily concerning a serious subject containing details of heroic deeds and events significantly to a culture or nation. The first epics are known as primacy, or original epics. ⑤Ballad: The most important department of English folk literature is the ballad which is a story told in song, usually in 4-line stanzas(诗节), with the second and fourth lines rhymed. The subjects of ballads are various in kind, as the struggle of young lovers against their feudal-minded families, the conflict between love and wealth, the cruelty of jealousy, the criticism of the civil war, and the matters and class struggle. The paramount(卓越的) important ballad is Robin Hood(《绿林好汉》). ⑥Geoffrey Chaucer杰弗里.乔叟: He was an English author, poet, philosopher and diplomat. He is the founder of English poetry. He obtained a good knowledge of Latin, French and Italian. His best remembered narrative is the Canterbury Tales(《坎特伯雷故事集》), which the Prologue(序言) supplies a miniature(缩影) of the English society of Chaucer’s time. That is why Chaucer has been called “the founder of English realism”. Chaucer affirms men and women’s right to pursue their happiness on earth and opposes(反对) the dogma of asceticism(禁欲主义) preached(鼓吹) by the church. As a forerunner of humanism, he praises man’s energy, intellect, quick wit and love of life. Chaucer’s contribution to English poetry lies chiefly in the fact that he introduced from France the rhymed stanza of various types, especially the rhymed couplet of 5 accents in iambic(抑扬格) meter(the “heroic couplet”) to English poetry, instead of the old Anglo-Saxon alliterative verse. ⑦【William Langland威廉.朗兰: Piers the Plowman《农夫皮尔斯》】
英美文学欣赏知识点
英美文学欣赏知识点100句 1.The work that presented,for the first time in English literature,a comprehensive realistic picture of the medieval English society and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life is Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales. 首次在英国文学，中世纪英国社会的全面逼真的画面，创造了从各行各业生动的人物整体画廊是杰弗里·乔叟的坎特伯雷故事集。 2. Geoffrey Chaucer is regarded as the father of English poetry. 乔叟被看作是英国诗歌之父。 3. The verse form of heroic couplet was introduced into English poetry and employed in the poem with true ease and charm for the first time in the history of English literature by Geoffrey Chaucer. 3.英雄对联的诗体被引入英国诗歌和诗与真正的轻松和魅力，第一次在英国文学的杰弗里·乔叟的历史就业。 4. The Canterbury Tales presents a whole gallery of vivid characters,the team of pilgrims,people from all walks of life,including 31 members altogether. 4.坎特伯雷故事呈现生动的人物整体画廊，朝圣者的队伍，来自各行各业，其中包括31名成员共有人。 5. Generally,Renaissance refers to the intellectual movement during the period between 14th and mid-17th centuries,its essence was humanism. 5.一般来说，文艺复兴是指智力运动在14和中17世纪之间的时期，它的本质是人文精神。 6. English Renaissance Period was an age of poetry and drama.
(完整)英国文学史知识点,推荐文档
一、The Anglo-Saxon period (449-1066) 1、这个时期的文学作品分类：pagan(异教徒) Christian(基督徒) 2、代表作：The Song of Beowulf 《贝奥武甫》( national epic 民族史诗) 采用了隐喻手法 3、Alliteration 押头韵（写作手法） 例子：of man was the mildest and most beloved, To his kin the kindest, keenest for praise. 二、The Anglo-Norman period (1066-1350) Canto 诗章 1、romance 传奇文学 2、代表作：Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (高文爵士和绿衣骑士) 是一首押头韵的长诗 三、Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400) 杰弗里.乔叟时期 1、the father of English poetry 英国诗歌之父 2、heroic couplet 英雄双韵体：a verse unit consisting of two rhymed(押韵) lines in iambic pentameter(五步抑扬格) 3、代表作：the Canterbury Tales 坎特伯雷的故事(英国文学史的开端) 大致内容：the pilgrims are people from various parts of England, representatives of various walks of life and social groups. 朝圣者都是来自英国的各地的人,代表着社会的各个不同阶层和社会团体 小说特点：each of the narrators tells his tale in a peculiar manner, thus revealing his own views and character. 这些叙述者以自己特色的方式讲述自己的故事，无形中表明了各自的观点，展示了各自的性格。 小说观点：he believes in the right of man to earthly happiness. He is anxious to see man freed from superstitions(迷信) and a blind belief in fate(盲目地相信命运). 他希望人们能从迷信和对命运的盲从中解脱出来。 4、Popular Ballads 大众民谣：a story hold in 4-line stanzas with second and fourth line rhymed(笔记) Ballads are anonymous narrative songs that have been preserved by oral transmission(书上). 歌谣是匿名叙事歌曲,一直保存着口头传播的方式
扬州大学2016年英国文学简史考点
Three conquests（时间+意义）: 1)The Roman conquest, 55 BC, civilized, Christianized 2)The English conquest,5th century, old English, starting point of English literature 3)The Norman conquest, 1066, Mid-English, establishment of feudalism. 2.P3选择，填空，判断 Beowulf, the national epic of English people. 3.P4 诗歌翻译 “ThusmadetheirmourningthemenofGeatland,坟墓周围，勇士们骑着战马， Fortheirhero’spassing,hishearth-companions为逝去的国王唱起挽歌， Quoththatofallthekingsofearth,高赞你的懿德，分享你的恩泽，哀叹你的陨落， Ofmenhewasthemildestandmostbeloved,人们称你为最可亲最可敬的国王， Tohiskinthekindest,keenesttopraise.” 你对人们总是最仁爱最热心， 你最渴望的就是人们对你的赞扬。 4.P5 名词解释，问答 Features of Beowulf: 1)The use of alliteration. (头韵) (定义：in alliterative verse, certain accented words in a line begin with the same consonant sound.) 2)The use of metaphors and of understatements（隐喻） (Grendel represents forest, she-monster represents water, fire-dragon represents sky) 5.P8 选择填空判断 英国Romance代表作:adventures ofKing Arthur and his Knights of the Round Table （《亚瑟王和他的圆桌骑士》，同时也是骑士文学代表作）