Fortran程序设计课后习题答案方便

第四章

main implicit none write(*,*) "Have a good time." write(*,*) "That's not bad." write(*,*) '"Mary" isn''t my name.' end program

main real, parameter :: PI=3 implicit real radius write(*,*) "

请输入半径长" read(*,*) radius write(*,"(' 面积='f8. 3)") radius*radius*PI end program main implicit none real grades write(*,*) "请输入成绩" read(*,*) grades write(*,"(' 调整后成绩为 '") SQRT(grades)* end program

a,b real ra,rb a=2 b=3 ra= rb= write(*,*) b/a ! 输出1, 因为使用整

数计算, 小数部分会无条件舍去 write(*,*) rb/ra ! 输出

main implicit none type distance real meter, inch, cm end type type(distance) :: d write(*,*) "请输入长度:" read(*,*) d%meter d%cm = d%meter*100 d%inch = d%cm/ write(*,"'米 =''厘米 =''英寸')") d%meter, d%cm, d%inch end program

第五章

main implicit none integer money real tax write(*,*) "请输入

月收入" read(*,*) money if ( money<1000 ) then tax = else if ( money<5000) then tax = else tax = end if write(*,"(' 税

金为 'I8)") nint(money*tax) end program

main implicit none integer day character(len=20) :: tv write(*,*)

"请输入星期几" read(*,*) day select case(day) case(1,4) tv = "

新闻" case(2,5) tv = "电视剧" case(3,6) tv = "卡通" case(7) tv = "电影" case default write(*,*) "错误的输入" stop end select write(*,*) tv end program

main implicit none integer age, money real tax write(*,*) "请输

入年龄" read(*,*) age write(*,*) "请输入月收入" read(*,*) money if ( age<50 ) then if ( money<1000 ) then tax = else if ( money<5000 )then tax = else tax = end if else if ( money<1000 ) then tax = else if ( money<5000 )then tax = else tax = end if end if write(*,"(' 税金为 'I8)") nint(money*tax) end program

main implicit none integer year, days logical mod_4, mod_100, mod_400 write(*,*) "请输入年份" read(*,*) year mod_4 = ( MOD(year,4) == 0 ) mod_100 = ( MOD(year,100) == 0 ) mod_400 = ( MOD(year,400) == 0 ) if ( (mod_4 .NEQV. mod_100) .or. mod_400 ) then days = 366 else days = 365 end if write(*,"('这一年有'I3'天')") days stop end program

第六章

main implicit none integer i do i=1,5 write(*,*) "Fortran" end do stop end program

main implicit none integer i,sum sum = 0 do i=1,99,2 sum =

sum+i end do write(*,*) sum stop end program

main implicit none integer, parameter :: answer = 45 integer, parameter :: max = 5 integer weight, i do i=1,max write(*,*) "

请输入体重" read(*,*) weight if ( weight==answer ) exit end do if

( i<=max ) then write(*,*) "猜对了" else write(*,*) "猜错了" end if stop end program

main implicit none integer, parameter :: max=10 integer i real

item real ans ans = item = do i=2,max item = item/real(i) ans = ans+item end do write(*,*) ans stop end program

main implicit none integer, parameter :: length = 79 character(len=length) :: input, output integer i,j write(*,*) "请

输入一个字串" read(*,"(A79)") input j=1 do i=1, len_trim(input) if ( input(i:i) /= ' ' ) then output(j:j)=input(i:i) j=j+1 end if end do write(*,"(A79)") output stop end program

第七章

main implicit none integer, parameter :: max = 10 integer i integer :: a(max) = (/ (2*i, i=1,10) /) integer :: t ! sum()是fortran

库函数 write(*,*) real(sum(a))/real(max) stop end program

a(5,5) ! 5*5=25 integer b(2,3,4) ! 2*3*4=24 integer c(3,4,5,6) !

3*4*5*6=360 integer d(-5:5) ! 11 integer e(-3:3, -3:3) ! 7*7=49

main implicit none integer, parameter :: max=10 integer f(max) integer i f(1)=0 f(2)=1 do i=3,max f(i)=f(i-1)+f(i-2) end

do write(*,"(10I4)") f stop end program

main implicit none integer, parameter :: size=10 integer :: a(size)

= (/ 5,3,6,4,8,7,1,9,2,10 /) integer :: i,j integer :: t do i=1, size-1 do j=i+1, size if ( a(i) < a(j) ) then ! a(i)跟a(j)交换

t=a(i) a(i)=a(j) a(j)=t end if end do end do write(*,"(10I4)") a stop end (2,2) ! 1+(2-1)+(2-1)*(5) = 7 a(3,3) !

1+(3-1)+(3-1)*(5) = 13

第八章

main implicit none real radius, area write(*,*) "请输入半径长" read(*,*) radius call CircleArea(radius, area) write(*,"(' 面积 = '") area stop end program subroutine CircleArea(radius, area) implicit none real, parameter :: PI= real radius, area area = radius*radius*PI return end subroutine

main implicit none real radius real, external :: CircleArea write(*,*) "请输入半径长" read(*,*) radius write(*,"(' 面积 = '") CircleArea(radius) stop end program real function CircleArea(radius) implicit none real, parameter :: PI= real radius CircleArea =

radius*radius*PI return end function

main implicit none call bar(3) call bar(10) stop end program subroutine bar(length) implicit none integer, intent(in) :: length integer i character(len=79) :: string string=" " do i=1,length string(i:i)='*' end do write(*,"(A79)") string return end subroutine

main implicit none integer, external :: add write(*,*) add(100) end program recursive integer function add(n) result(sum) implicit none integer, intent(in) :: n if ( n<0 ) then sum=0 return else if ( n<=1 ) then sum=n return end if sum = n + add(n-1) return end function

main implicit none integer, external :: gcd write(*,*) gcd(18,12)

end program integer function gcd(A,B) implicit none integer

A,B,BIG,SMALL,TEMP BIG=max(A,B) SMALL=min(A,B) do while( SMALL /=

1 ) TEMP=mod(BIG,SMALL) if ( TEMP==0 ) exit BIG=SMALL SMALL=TEMP end do gcd=SMALL return end function main use TextGraphLib implicit none integer, parameter :: maxx=60, maxy=20 real, parameter :: StartX=, EndX=* real, parameter :: xinc = (EndX-StartX)/(maxx-1) real x integer i,px,py call SetScreen(60,20) call SetCurrentChar('*') x=StartX do px=1,maxx py = (maxy/2)*sin(x)+maxy/2+1 call PutChar(px,py) x=x+xinc end docall

UpdateScreen() stop end program

第九章

main implicit none character(len=79) :: filename character(len=79) :: buffer integer, parameter :: fileid = 10 integer

count integer :: status = 0 logical alive write(*,*) "Filename:" read (*,"(A79)") filename inquire( file=filename, exist=alive) if

( alive ) then open(unit=fileid, file=filename, & access="sequential", status="old") count = 0 do while(.true.) read(unit=fileid, fmt="(A79)", iostat=status ) buffer if ( status/=0 )

exit ! 没有资料就跳出循环 write(*,"(A79)") buffer count =

count+1 if ( count==24 ) then pause count = 0 end if end

do else write(*,*) TRIM(filename)," doesn't exist." end if stop

end

main implicit none character(len=79) :: filename character(len=79) :: buffer integer, parameter :: fileid = 10 integer

i integer :: status = 0 logical alive write(*,*) "Filename:" read (*,"(A79)") filename inquire( file=filename, exist=alive) if

( alive ) then open(unit=fileid, file=filename, & access="sequential", status="old") do while(.true.) read(unit=fileid, fmt="(A79)", iostat=status ) buffer if ( status/=0 )

exit ! 没有资料就跳出循环 do i=1, len_trim(buffer) buffer(i:i) =

char( ichar(buffer(i:i))-3 ) end do write(*,"(A70)") buffer

end do else write(*,*) TRIM(filename)," doesn't exist." end if

stop end

main implicit none type student integer chinese, english, math, science, social, total end type type(student) :: s, total integer, parameter :: students=20, subjects=5 integer i open(10,file="",access="direct",recl=1) write(*,"(7A10)") "座号","中文

","英文","数学","自然","社会","总分" total = student(0,0,0,0,0,0) do

i=1, students read(10,rec=(i-1)*subjects+1) s%chinese read(10,rec=(i-1)*subjects+2) s%english read(10,rec=(i-1)*subjects+3)

s%math read(10,rec=(i-1)*subjects+4) s%science read(10,rec=(i-1)*subjects+5) s%social s%total =

s%chinese+s%english+s%math+s%science+s%social total%chinese =

total%chinese+s%chinese total%english = total%english+s%english

total%math = total%math+s%math total%science = total%science+s%science

total%social = total%social+s%social total%total = total%total+s%total write(*,"(7I10)") i, s end do write(*,"(A10,") "平均", & real(total%chinese)/real(students),&

real(total%english)/real(students),&

real(total%math)/real(students),&

real(total%science)/real(students),&

real(total%social)/real(students),&

real(total%total)/real(students) stop end main implicit none character(len=79) :: filename character(len=79) :: buffer integer, parameter :: fileid = 10 integer i integer :: status = 0 logical alive

write(*,*) "Filename:" read (*,"(A79)") filename

inquire( file=filename, exist=alive) if ( alive ) then open(unit=fileid, file=filename, & access="sequential",

status="old") do while(.true.) read(unit=fileid, fmt="(A79)",

iostat=status ) buffer if ( status/=0 ) exit ! 没有数据就跳出循环

do i=1, len_trim(buffer) buffer(i:i) =

char( ichar(buffer(i:i))-(mod(i-1,3)+1) ) end do write(*,"(A70)")

buffer end do else write(*,*) TRIM(filename)," doesn't exist."

end if stop end

typedef type student integer :: num integer :: Chinese, English,

Math, Natural, Social integer :: total integer :: rank end type end

module program main use typedef implicit none integer, parameter ::

fileid=10 integer, parameter :: students=20 character(len=80) ::

tempstr type(student) :: s(students) ! 储存学生成绩 type(student) ::

total ! 计算平均分数用 integer i, num, error open(fileid,

file="",status="old", iostat=error) if ( error/=0 ) then write(*,*)

"Open fail." stop end if read(fileid, "(A80)") tempstr ! 读入第一

行文字 total=student(0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0) ! 用循环读入每位学生的成绩

do i=1,students read(fileid,*) s(i)%num, s(i)%Chinese, s(i)%English, &

s(i)%Math, s(i)%Natural, s(i)%Social ! 计算总分s(i)%Total =

s(i)%Chinese + s(i)%English + & s(i)%Math + s(i)%Natural +

s(i)%Social ! 累加上各科的分数, 计算各科平均时使用total%Chinese = total%Chinese + s(i)%Chinese total%English = total%English

+ s(i)%English total%Math = total%Math + s(i)%Math total%Natural = total%Natural + s(i)%Natural total%Social = total%Social + s(i)%Social total%Total = total%Total + s(i)%Total end do call

sort(s,students) ! 重新输出每位学生成绩 write(*,"(8A7)") "座号","中文","英文","数学","自然","社会","总分","名次" do i=1,students write(*,"(8I7)") s(i) end do ! 计算并输出平圴分数 write(*,"(A7,") "

平均", & real(total%Chinese)/real(students),& real(total%English)/real(students),& real(total%Math) /real(students),& real(total%Natural)/real(students),& real(total%Social) /real(students),& real(total%Total) /real(students) stop end program subroutine sort(s,n) use typedef implicit none integer n type(student) :: s(n), t integer i,j do i=1,n-1 do

j=i+1,n if ( s(i)%total < s(j)%total ) then t = s(i) s(i)=s(j)

s(j) = t end if end do end do forall(i=1:n) s(i)%rank = i end forall end subroutine

第十章

(kind=4) :: a ! 4 bytes real(kind=4) :: b ! 4 bytes real(kind=8) :: c !

8 bytes character(len=10) :: str ! 10 bytes integer(kind=4), pointer ::

pa ! 4 bytes real(kind=4), pointer :: pb ! 4 bytes real(kind=8), pointer ::

pc ! 4 bytes character(len=10), pointer :: pstr ! 4 bytes type student integer Chinese, English, Math end type type(student) :: s ! 12 bytes type(student), pointer :: ps ! 4 bytes

, target :: a = 1 integer, target :: b = 2 integer, target :: c = 3 integer, pointer :: p p=>a write(*,*) p ! 1 p=>b write(*,*) p ! 2 p=>c p=5 write(*,*)

c ! 5

linklist type student integer :: num integer :: Chinese, English, Math, Science, Social end type type datalink type(student) ::

item type(datalink), pointer :: next end type contains function SearchList(num, head) implicit none integer :: num type(datalink), pointer :: head, p type(datalink), pointer :: SearchList p=>head nullify(SearchList) do while( associated(p) ) if ( p%item%num==num ) then SearchList => p return end if p=>p%next end do return end function end module linklist program ex1016 use linklist implicit none character(len=20) :: filename character(len=80) :: tempstr type(datalink), pointer :: head type(datalink), pointer :: p type(student), allocatable :: s(:) integer i,error,size write(*,*) "filename:" read(*,*) filename open(10, file=filename, status="old", iostat=error) if ( error/=0 ) then write(*,*) "Open file fail!" stop

end if allocate(head) nullify(head%next) p=>head size=0

read(10, "(A80)") tempstr ! 读入第一行字符串, 不需要处理它 ! 读入每一位

学生的成绩 do while(.true.) read(10,fmt=*, iostat=error) p%item if

( error/=0 ) exit size=size+1 allocate(p%next, stat=error) ! 新增下一个

数据 if ( error/=0 ) then write(*,*) "Out of memory!" stop end if

p=>p%next ! 移动到链表的下一个数据nullify(p%next) end do write(*,"('总共有',I3,'位学生')") size allocate( s(size) ) p=>head

do i=1,size s(i)=p%item p=>p%next end do do while(.true.)

write(*,*) "要查询几号同学的成绩" read (*,*) i if ( i<1 .or. i>size ) exit !

输入不合理的座号write(*,"(5(A6,I3))") "中文",s(i)%Chinese,& "英文",s(i)%English,& "数学",s(i)%Math,& "自

然",s(i)%Science,& "社会",s(i)%Social end do

write(*,"('座号',I3,'不存在, 程序结束.')") i stop end program

typedef implicit none type :: datalink integer :: i

type(datalink), pointer :: next end type datalink end module typedef program ex1012 use typedef implicit none type(datalink) , pointer ::

p, head, next integer :: i,n,err write(*,*) 'Input N:' read(*,*) n

allocate( head ) head%i=1 nullify(head%next) p=>head do i=2,n allocate( p%next, stat=err ) if ( err /= 0 ) then write(*,*) 'Out

of memory!' stop end if p=>p%next p%i=i end do

nullify(p%next) p=>head do while(associated(p)) write(*, "(i5)" )

p%i p=>p%next end do ! 释放链表的存储空间 p=>head do

while(associated(p)) next => p%next deallocate(p) p=>next end do stop end program

第十一章

utility implicit none interface area module procedure CircleArea module procedure RectArea end interface contains real function CircleArea(r) real, parameter :: PI= real r CircleArea = r*r*PI return end function real function RectArea(a,b) real a,b RectArea = a*b return end function end module program main use UTILITY implicit none write(*,*) area write(*,*) area, stop end program

time_utility implicit none type :: time integer :: hour,minute,second end type time interface operator(+) module procedure add_time_time end interface contains function

add_time_time( a, b ) implicit none type(time) :: add_time_time type(time), intent(in) :: a,b integer :: seconds,minutes,carry seconds=a%second+b%second carry=seconds/60 minutes=a%minute+b%minute+carry carry=minutes/60 add_time_time%second=mod(seconds,60)

add_time_time%minute=mod(minutes,60)

add_time_time%hour=a%hour+b%hour+carry return end function

add_time_time subroutine input( a ) implicit none type(time),

intent(out) :: a write(*,*) " Input hours:" read (*,*) a%hour

write(*,*) " Input minutes:" read (*,*) a%minute write(*,*) " Input seconds:" read (*,*) a%second return end subroutine input subroutine output( a ) implicit none type(time), intent(in) :: a

write(*, "(I3,' hours',I3,' minutes',I3,' seconds')" )

a%hour,a%minute,a%second return end subroutine output end module

time_utility program main use time_utility implicit none

type(time) :: a,b,c call input(a) call input(b) c=a+b call

output(c) stop end program main

rational_utility implicit none private public :: rational, & operator(+), operator(-), operator(*),& operator(/), assignment(=),operator(>),& operator(<), operator(==),

operator(/=),& output, input type :: rational integer ::

num, denom end type rational interface operator(+) module procedure rat__rat_plus_rat end interface interface operator(-) module procedure rat__rat_minus_rat end interface interface

operator(*) module procedure rat__rat_times_rat end interface interface operator(/) module procedure rat__rat_div_rat end

interface interface assignment(=) module procedure rat_eq_rat module procedure int_eq_rat module procedure real_eq_rat end

interface interface operator(>) module procedure rat_gt_rat end

interface interface operator(<) module procedure rat_lt_rat end

interface interface operator(==) module procedure rat_compare_rat

end interface interface operator(/=) module procedure rat_ne_rat

end interface contains function rat_gt_rat(a,b) implicit none logical :: rat_gt_rat type(rational), intent(in) :: a,b real ::

fa,fb fa=real(a%num)/real(a%denom) fb=real(b%num)/real(b%denom)

if ( fa > fb ) then rat_gt_rat=.true. else rat_gt_rat=.false. end if return end function rat_gt_rat function rat_lt_rat(a,b) implicit none logical :: rat_lt_rat type(rational), intent(in) :: a,b real :: fa,fb fa=real(a%num)/real(a%denom) fb=real(b%num)/real(b%denom) if

( fb > fa ) then rat_lt_rat=.true. else rat_lt_rat=.false. end if return end function rat_lt_rat function

rat_compare_rat(a,b) implicit none logical :: rat_compare_rat type(rational), intent(in) :: a,b type(rational) :: c c=a-b if ( c%num == 0 ) then rat_compare_rat=.true. else rat_compare_rat=.false. end if return end function

rat_compare_rat function rat_ne_rat(a,b) implicit none logical :: rat_ne_rat type(rational), intent(in) :: a,b type(rational) :: c c=a-b if ( c%num==0 ) then rat_ne_rat=.false. else rat_ne_rat=.true. end if return end function rat_ne_rat subroutine rat_eq_rat( rat1, rat2 ) implicit none type(rational), intent(out):: rat1 type(rational),

intent(in) :: rat2 rat1%num = rat2%num rat1%denom = rat2%denom return end subroutine rat_eq_rat subroutine int_eq_rat( int, rat ) implicit none integer, intent(out):: int type(rational), intent(in) ::

rat int = rat%num / rat%denom return end subroutine int_eq_rat subroutine real_eq_rat( float, rat ) implicit none real,

intent(out) :: float type(rational), intent(in) :: rat float =

real(rat%num) / real(rat%denom) return end subroutine real_eq_rat function reduse( a ) implicit none type(rational), intent(in) :: a integer :: b type(rational) :: reduse b=gcv_interface(a%num,a%denom) reduse%num = a%num/b reduse%denom

= a%denom/b return end function reduse function

gcv_interface(a,b) implicit none integer, intent(in) :: a,b integer :: gcv_interface if ( min(a,b) .eq. 0 ) then gcv_interface=1 return end if if (a==b) then gcv_interface=a return else if ( a>b ) then gcv_interface=gcv(a,b) else if ( a

end function gcv_interface recursive function gcv(a,b) result(ans) implicit none integer, intent(in) :: a,b integer :: m integer ::

ans m=mod(a,b) select case(m) case(0) ans=b return case(1) ans=1 return case default ans=gcv(b,m) end select return end function gcv function

rat__rat_plus_rat( rat1, rat2 ) implicit none type(rational) ::

rat__rat_plus_rat type(rational), intent(in) :: rat1,rat2 type(rational) :: act act%denom= rat1%denom * rat2%denom act%num

= rat1%num*rat2%denom + rat2%num*rat1%denom rat__rat_plus_rat = reduse(act) return end function rat__rat_plus_rat function

rat__rat_minus_rat( rat1, rat2 ) implicit none type(rational) ::

rat__rat_minus_rat type(rational), intent(in) :: rat1, rat2 type(rational) :: temp temp%denom = rat1%denom*rat2%denom temp%num = rat1%num*rat2%denom - rat2%num*rat1%denom rat__rat_minus_rat = reduse( temp ) return end function

rat__rat_minus_rat function rat__rat_times_rat( rat1, rat2 ) implicit none type(rational) :: rat__rat_times_rat type(rational), intent(in) :: rat1, rat2 type(rational) :: temp temp%denom =

rat1%denom* rat2%denom temp%num = rat1%num * rat2%num rat__rat_times_rat = reduse(temp) return end function

rat__rat_times_rat function rat__rat_div_rat( rat1, rat2 ) implicit none type(rational) :: rat__rat_div_rat type(rational), intent(in) :: rat1, rat2 type(rational) :: temp temp%denom =

rat1%denom* rat2%num temp%num = rat1%num * rat2%denom rat__rat_div_rat = reduse(temp) return end function

rat__rat_div_rat subroutine input(a) implicit none type(rational), intent(out) :: a write(*,*) "分子:" read(*,*) a%num write(*,*) "分母:" read(*,*) a%denom return end

subroutine input subroutine output(a) implicit none type(rational), intent(in) :: a if ( a%denom/=1 ) then write(*, "(' (',I3,'/',I3,')' )" ) a%num,a%denom else write(*, "(I3)" )

a%num end if return end subroutine output end module rational_utility program main use rational_utility implicit none type(rational) :: a,b,c call input(a) call input(b) c=a+b write(*,*) "a+b=" call output(c) c=a-b write(*,*) "a-b=" call output(c) c=a*b write(*,*) "a*b=" call output(c) c=a/b write(*,*) "a/b=" call output(c) if (a>b) write(*,*) "a>b" if (a

"a/=b" stop end program main

vector_utility implicit none type vector real x,y end type interface operator(+) module procedure vector_add_vector end interface interface operator(-) module procedure vector_sub_vector end interface interface operator(*) module procedure

real_mul_vector module procedure vector_mul_real module procedure vector_dot_vector end interface interface operator(.dot.) module procedure vector_dot_vector end interface contains type(vector) function vector_add_vector(a,b) type(vector), intent(in) :: a,b vector_add_vector = vector(a%x+b%x, a%y+b%y) end function type(vector) function vector_sub_vector(a,b) type(vector), intent(in) :: a,b vector_sub_vector = vector(a%x-b%x, a%y-b%y) end function type(vector)

function real_mul_vector(a,b) real, intent(in) :: a type(vector), intent(in) :: b real_mul_vector = vector( a*b%x, a*b%y ) end functiontype(vector) function vector_mul_real(a,b) type(vector), intent(in) :: a real, intent(in) :: b vector_mul_real = real_mul_vector(b,a) end function real function vector_dot_vector(a,b) type(vector), intent(in) :: a,b vector_dot_vector = a%x*b%x + a%y*b%y end function subroutine output(vec) type(vector) :: vec write(*,"('('','')')") vec end subroutine end module program main use vector_utility implicit none type(vector) a,b,c a=vector, b=vector, c=a+b call output(c) c=a-b call output(c) write(*,*) a*b end program main