2009年考研英语完形填空真题解析
2009年考研英语完形填空真题解析
Research on animal intelligence always makes me wonder just how smart humans are. 1 the fruit-fly experiments described in Carl Zimmer’s piece in the Science Times on Tuesday. Fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit fly 2 to live shorter lives. This suggests that 3 bulbs burn longer, that there is an 4 in not being too terrifically bright.
Intelligence, it 5 , is a high-priced option. It takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and is slow 6 the starting line because it depends on learning—a 7 process—instead of instinct. Plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things they’ve apparently learned is when to 8 .
Is there an adaptive value to 9 intelligence? That’s the question behind this new research.
I like it. Instead of casting a wistful glance 10 at all the species we’ve left in the dust I.Q.-wise, it implicitly asks what the real 11 of our own intelligence might be. This is 12 the mind of every animal I’ve ever met.
Research on animal intelligence also makes me wonder what experiments animals would 13 on humans if they had the chance. Every cat with an owner, 14 , is running a small scale study in operant conditioning. We believe that 15 animals ran the labs, they would test us to 16 the limits of our patience, our faithfulness, our memory for terrain. They would try to decide what intelligence in humans is really 17 , not merely how much of it there is. 18 , they would hope to study a 19 question: Are humans actually aware of the world they live in? 20 the results are inconclusive.
1. ［A］Suppose［B］Consider［C］Observe［D］Imagine
2. ［A］tended［B］feared［C］happened［D］threatened
3. ［A］thinner［B］stabler［C］lighter［D］dimmer
4. ［A］tendency［B］advantage［C］inclination［D］priority
5. ［A］insists on［B］sums up［C］turns out［D］puts forward
6. ［A］off ［B］behind［C］over［D］along
7. ［A］incredible［B］spontaneous［C］inevitable［D］gradual
8. ［A］fight［B］doubt［C］stop［D］think
9. ［A］invisible［B］limited［C］indefinite［D］different
10. ［A］upward［B］forward［C］afterward［D］backward
11. ［A］features［B］influences［C］results［D］costs
12. ［A］outside［B］on［C］by［D］across
13. ［A］deliver［B］carry［C］perform［D］apply
14. ［A］by chance［B］in contrast［C］as usual［D］for instance
15. ［A］if［B］unless［C］as［D］lest
16. ［A］moderate［B］overcome［C］determine［D］reach
17. ［A］at［B］for［C］after［D］with
18. ［A］Above all［B］After all［C］However［D］Otherwise
19. ［A］fundamental［B］comprehensive［C］equivalent［D］hostile
20. ［A］By accident［B］In time［C］So far［D］Better still
文章背景
本文是一篇讲述动物智能、偏重科技的文章。此文章最先刊登在2008年5月7日的《纽约时报》上，原文的标题是The Cost of Smarts，翻译过来是“聪明的代价”。文中通过对“果蝇”的试验研究得出“聪明是要付出代价”的结论，最后提出引人深思的问题——人类是否
真正意识到自己所生存的世界。
文章结构
本文采用了对比的方式展开文章，叙述了人类智慧发展的代价。第一二三段围绕人类对动物智能的研究对动物以及人类自己造成的影响。文章的最后一段作者展开丰富的联想，如果动物对人类做实验的话，它们想从人类身上获取什么信息呢？
答案详解
1.【解析】［B］语义衔接/词汇辨析题。本题目选择动词，放在祈使句句首。选项A. suppose 认为，假定；B. consider考虑；C. observe 观察；D. imagine 想象。文章开篇指出：Research on animal intelligence always makes us wonder just how smart humans are.“对动物智慧的研究总是让我对人类到底有多聪明感到好奇”，接着举了果蝇的例子，该句要选择的动词应与上句在语义上衔接。用consider意为“让读者考虑一下(果蝇实验)”，从而引出下文，其他选项均不符合题意。
2.【解析】［A］语义衔接/固定搭配题。本题目选择动词(过去式)，与介词“to”构成动词短语，在句子中充当谓语。选项A. tended to易于，往往会……；B. feared to 害怕做某事；
C. happened to 碰巧做某事；
D. threatened to 威胁要做某事。Fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit flyto live shorter lives. 原文讲述的是在实验中经常发生的一种情况，即“通过训练变得更聪明的果蝇，其寿命往往比普通果蝇短”。故选A。
3.【解析】［D］语义衔接/词汇辨析题。本题目选择形容词比较级，在句中作定语修饰bulbs。This suggests thatbulbs burn longer, …“这让人想起……的灯泡照明时间比较长……。”上句讲到“聪明的果蝇寿命往往较短”，这句接着用灯泡作类比，承接上句语义，应该是越不亮的灯泡用的时间越长，所以选D. dimmer 较暗的；选项C. lighter更亮的，与前文意思相悖；
A. thinner 更薄的，更瘦的；
B. stable 更稳定的；该两项均不符合题意。
4.【解析】［B］词汇辨析/固定搭配题。本题目选择名词，并与in搭配。选项A. tendency 趋势，倾向，后面常接介词for或动词不定式，如：a tendency for sth.或a tendency to do sth.(做)某事的倾向；B. advantage 优势，后常接介词in，即an advantage in sth. 在某方面具有优势；
C. inclination倾向，意愿，倾斜度，后常接介词for或动词不定式，即an inclination for sth.或an inclination to do sth.想做某事；
D. priority 优先权，后常接over，如：take priority over sth./sb. (比某事/某人)具有优先权。且从上下文语义来看，前面说聪明的果蝇寿命短，越不亮的灯泡用的时间越长，所以这里语义应为“不太聪明(灯泡不太亮)是有优势的”，故B为正确选项。注意，bright在此处是一语双关，既可表示“灯泡不那么亮”，也可表示“人不那么聪明”。
5.【解析】［C］语义衔接/词汇辨析题。本题目要选择动词短语，使插入语完整。从上文可知，“聪明的果蝇寿命往往较短”，以及“不太聪明是有优势的”，由此推出的结果是：聪明也是要付出代价的。C. turn out意为“结果是……”，把it turns out用作插入语，使该句与上段内容紧紧联系起来，因此选C。A. insist on坚持；B. sum up总计，总结；D. put forward 提出。这三项均不符合题意。
6.【解析】［A］语义衔接题。本题目选择介词，体现与the starting line(起跑线)的逻辑关系。选项B. behind和C. over可以首先排除，因为这里没有涉及空间位置关系；若选D. along则是“沿着起跑线徘徊”之意，这与后面的process意思不符；选项A. off 有“离开”之意，slow off the starting line表示“离开起跑线慢了”，即“起步慢了”，但仍在进步，与后文逻辑一致，故选A。
7.【解析】［D］语义衔接/词汇辨析题。本题目选择形容词，做process的定语。破折号表示对前面内容即learning的解释。这里把learning(学习)与instinct(本能)作对比，结合前文的slow，以及学习自身的特点可知，只有gradual“渐进的”符合题意。其他三项A. incredible
难以置信的；B. spontaneous 自发的；C. inevitable 不可避免的;均不符合题意，故本题答案为D。
8. 【解析】［C］语义衔接/词汇辨析题。Plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things they’ve apparently learned is when to.“许多其他物种都能够学习，它们显然已经学会的一件事就是什么时候……学习。”由上文可知，聪明需要学习，很多物种都能够学习，但都没有变聪明，这是因为它们还学会了适时停止学习。因此选C。其他三项在语义上均不通。
9. 【解析】［B］语义衔接/词汇辨析题。本题目选择形容词，作定语修饰intelligence。由上文可知，智慧越多，付出的代价越多，因此智慧肯定是有限的，而且根据value也可以推断这里是关于intelligence多少的问题。选项A.invisible 看不见的；C. indefinite 不确定的；
D. different 不同的;均与数量多少无关，只有limited“有限的，不多的”符合题意，故选B。
10. 【解析】［D］语义衔接/词汇辨析题。本题目选择副词以表明逻辑关系。“we’ve left in the dust I.Q.wise”是定语从句，修饰the species。cast a glance at…意为“对……投以目光”；“leave sb. in the dust”是固定搭配，“将某人远远抛在后面”的意思；I.Q.wise是派生词，后缀wise表示方式，意为“在I.Q.方面”。这句话是说“该研究不是要我们对那些在智力方面已被人类远远抛在后面的物种投以悲怜的眼光。”人类看这些被抛在后面的物种，自然是往后看了，所以D. backward为正确选项，A. upward向上；B. forward向前；C. afterward 之后，后来(表时间)；该三项均不符合题意。
11.【解析】［D］语义衔接/词义辨析题。本题目选择名词，做宾语从句的主语。…it implicitly asks what the realof our own intelligence might be. “这项实验含蓄地提出一个问题：人类智慧的真正……可能是什么。”前文已经提到Intelligence…is a high priced option，因此应选
D.costs。选项A.features 特征；B.influences 影响；C.results 结果，均不符合题意。
12.【解析】［B］固定搭配题。本题目选择介词，与mind搭配。on one’s mind或on the mind of sb. 是固定短语，意为“有心事，总是想着”，其他三项均不能与mind构成固定搭配。13.【解析】［C］固定搭配题。本题目选择动词，作为wonder引导的宾语从句的谓语。选择的动词应与experiments搭配。选项 A. deliver 递送;D. apply 应用；两者均不能与experiments搭配。若用carry，则为carry out experiments，故只能选C. perform 执行，perform experiments意为“做实验”。
14. 【解析】［D］词汇辨析题。本题目选择介词短语在句中做插入语，表明逻辑关系。前文已经讲到作者很好奇，如果动物有机会的话，会对人类进行何种实验。本句接着说Every cat with an owner,, is running a small scale study in operant conditioning.“每一只有主人的猫都在进行一项有关操作性条件反射的小规模研究。”这是以cat为例进一步论述动物对人进行实验，因此应选择表示举例的介词短语，故选D. for instance 例如。选项A. by chance 偶然；B. in contrast与……相比；C. as usual像往常一样；均不符合题意。
15.【解析】［A］逻辑衔接题。本题目选择连词，体现句子之间的逻辑关系。由ran，would 可知，本句使用了虚拟语气，是对动物可能对人类进行实验进行了假设，故选A。选项B. unless 除非；C. as因为；D lest 唯恐，均不符合题意。
16.【解析】［C］语义衔接/词汇辨析题。本题目选择动词，与limits搭配，作为test的目的。选项A. moderate 缓和；B. overcome克服；D. reach 达到。既然作为测试的目的，应为确定某些内容，故选C. determine,这里是“查明，测定”的意思。
17.【解析】［B］语义衔接/词义辨析题。本题目选择介词，体现逻辑关系。该句承接上一句，继续论述假设动物对人类进行实验的内容。选项A. at表示方位; C. after表示时间；D. with 表示伴随，均不符合语义，只有B. for表示目的，构成what…for符合语境，表明动物们想了解人类智慧是用来干什么的。
18.【解析】［A］逻辑衔接题。本题目选择逻辑关系词，体现前后句子之间的逻辑关系。前
面两句解释了假设动物对人类进行实验会进行的的内容：它们想了解人类的某些极限，想知道人类智慧的用途。本句与前两句构成并列排比，they would hope to study aquestion“它们希望研究一个问题”，与前两句应为顺承关系，表示强调或递进，所以B. After all毕竟；C. However但是；D. Otherwise 否则；三者均不符合题意，只有Above all“首先，尤其是”符合题意。
19.【解析】［A］语义衔接/词汇辨析题。本题目选择形容词，作定语修饰question。选项
A. fundamental基本的；
B. comprehensive 综合的；
C. equivalent 相等的；
D. hostile 敌对的。由下文可知，这个question是Are humans actually aware of the world they live in? “人类是否真正了解他们生活的这个世界？”这应该是个最基本的问题，故选A。
20. 【解析】［C］逻辑衔接/词汇辨析题。本题目选择短语体现与前面句子的逻辑关系。前面句子提出一个问题，本句讲the results are inconclusive(……结果是不确定的)。因此，选项C. so far“迄今为止”最符合题意，A. By accident偶然；B In time 及时；D. Better still 更好；三者都不符合语义。
参考译文
对动物智力的研究总是让我们思考人类到底有多聪明。让我们看一下卡尔·齐默周二发表在科学时代刊物上的文章所描述的果蝇试验。有些果蝇经过训练变得比普通果蝇聪明，但是寿命却缩短了。这表明暗淡的灯泡使用时间更长，暗淡是灯泡的一个优势。
事实证明，智力是要付出昂贵的代价。它需要更多的保养、消耗更多的燃料，因为智力依靠的是学习，这是一个循序渐进的过程，而不是一种本能，所以离开起点时进展缓慢。许多其他的物种也有学习能力，很显然他们学到的东西之一就是知道何时停止。
有限的智力是否有适应值呢？这也是此项研究的课题。我对此很感兴趣。这个试验不是去回顾那些被我们划为低智商的物种，而是含蓄在问我们自己，智力的真正代价是什么。我们所遇到的每种动物也都在思考着个问题。
对动物智力的研究也让我想，如果动物有机会的话，他们会对人类作什么样的实验。比如说，每只有主人的猫都在进行一个小型的操作性条件反射研究。我们认为如果动物也能进行试验的话，他们会测定我们的忍耐度，忠诚度，以及对地形的记忆力。他们会试图判定人类智力的实际用处，而不仅仅是判定人类智力的高低。最重要的是他们希望研究一个最基本的问题：人类是否真正意识到了自己所生存的世界？对此，目前仍无定论。
2005-2015年历年考研英语一完形填空真题
The human nose is an underrated tool.Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals,1 this is largely because,2 animals,we stand upright.This means that our noses are 3 to perceiving those smells which float through the air,4 the majority of smells which stick to surfaces.In fact5,we are extremely sensitive to smells,6 we do not generally realize it.Our noses are capable of 7 human smells even when these are 8 to far below one part in one million. Strangely,some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another,9 others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers.This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 10 smell receptors in the nose.These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send 11 to the brain.However,it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell 12 can suddenly become sensitive to it when 13 to it often enough. The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it 14 to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 15 new receptors if necessary.This may 16 explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells we simply do not need to be.We are not 17 of the usual smell of our own house but we 18 new smells when we visit someone else's.The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 19 for unfamiliar and emergency signals 20 the smell of smoke,which might indicate the danger of fire. 1.[A]although [B]as [C]but [D]while 2.[A]above [B]unlike [C]excluding [D]besides 3.[A]limited [B]committed [C]dedicated [D]confined 4.[A]catching [B]ignoring [C]missing [D]tracking 5.[A]anyway [B]though [C]instead [D]therefore 6.[A]even if [B]if only [C]only if [D]as if 7.[A]distinguishing [B]discovering [C]determining [D]detecting 8.[A]diluted [B]dissolved [C]determining [D]diffused 9.[A]when [B]since [C]for [D]whereas 10.[A]unusual [B]particular [C]unique [D]typical 11.[A]signs [B]stimuli [C]messages [D]impulses 12.[A]at first [B]at all [C]at large [D]at times 13.[A]subjected [B]left [C]drawn [D]exposed 14.[A]ineffective [B]incompetent [C]inefficient [D]insufficient 15.[A]introduce [B]summon [C]trigger [D]create 16.[A]still [B]also [C]otherwise [D]nevertheless 17.[A]sure [B]sick [C]aware [D]tired 18.[A]tolerate [B]repel [C]neglect [D]notice 19.[A]available [B]reliable [C]identifiable [D]suitable 20.[A]similar to [B]such as [C]along with [D]aside from
2015年考研英语(一)深度解析：完型
2015年考研英语（一）深度解析：完型 1. [A] what 【解析】此题考查疑问代词辨析：题干中过去分词短语published from the University of California and Yale University…作后置定语，修饰study，而真正的句子主干是That is 1 a study has 2 .简化后的句子可以让我们清晰地看出第一题要说的是研究study的具体内容是what，不是方式how，也不是原因why，更不是时间when。 2. [B] concluded 【解析】此题考查动词辨析：同第一题一样，根据简化的句子That is what a study has 2 来解题。题目选择的动词是说明study怎样才有了上面what表示的内容。所以此题选择concluded“推断;得出结论”。其他的动词据不符合要求。 3. [D] on 【解析】此题考查介词辨析：根据题干The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted 3 1932 unique subjects的要求，所选择的介词能用在conduct“实施;进行”之后，又得和subject 搭配，所以这个题目应该选择on，构成on some subjects“关于某类主题”。 4. [C] compared 【解析】此题考查动词辨析：通过观察题干，我们发现第4题位于which引导的定语从句之内，作从句的谓语动词。Which修饰主句的主语study“研究”，如此补全定语从句就是： The study 4 pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers…所以正确答案选择C。该项研究是对比所选择的两个样本。其他选项都不符合题意。 5. [C] samples 【解析】此题考查名词辨析：The same people were used in both 5 .通过观察题干，我们发现第5题空前的单词是both，表示“两者都…”。而上文中提到两者的只有“unrelated friends”和“unrelated strangers”，即这项研究的两个样本，所以答案选择C. samples“样本”。 6.[A] insignificant 【解析】此题考查形容词辨析和让步关系：题干While 1% may seem 6 , it is not so to a geneticist句首的While引导让步状语从句，同时提示我们逗号后和逗号前的内容形成一定程度上的对立关系，而且作者的表达重点位于逗号之后，1%的数量对于基因研究者来说影响程度很大。那么对于普通人而言这个数据就显得微不足道了。正确答案只能选择A。 7. [C] know 【解析】此题考查动词辨析和转折关系：题干Most people do not even 7 their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who 8 our kin中说“大多数人甚至不他们的第四代表亲，但是尽量选择和亲属人作为朋友”。even“甚至”这一个词就提示我们应该本题只能选择know“了解，认识”，其他选项都不符合题目要求。 8. [D] resemble
考研英语完型填空之答案详解
考研英语完型填空之答 案详解 LG GROUP system office room 【LGA16H-LGYY-LGUA8Q8-LGA162】
摘选自星火图书《考研英语各个击破系列——完形填空三步突破法》 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) In 1924 American’ National Research Council sent to engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a large telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lignting__1__workers productivity. Instead, the studies ended __2___giving their name to the “Hawthorne effect”, the extremely influential idea that the very___3____to being experimented upon changed subject s’ behavior. The idea arose because of the __4____behavior of the women in the Hawthorne plant. According to __5____of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not __6____what was done in the experiment; ___7_someting was changed ,productivity rose. A(n)___8___that they were being experimented upon seemed to be ____9___to alter workers’ behavior ____10____itself. After several decades, the same data were _11__ to econometric the analysis. Hawthorne experiments has another surprise store _12 __the descriptions on record, no systematic _13__ was found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting. It turns out that peculiar way of conducting the experiments may be have let to__ 14__ interpretation of what 15___ , lighting was always changed on a Sunday .When work started again on Monday, output __16___ rose compared with the previous Saturday and__ 17 __to rise for the next couple of 18__ , a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Monday, workers__ 19__ to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case , before __20 __a plateau and then slackening off. This suggests that the alleged” Hawthorne effect “ is hard to pin down. 1. [A] affected [B] achieved [C] extracted [D] restored 2. [A] at [B]up [C] with [D] off 3. [A]truth [B]sight [C] act [D] proof 4. [A] controversial [B] perplexing [C]mischievous [D] ambiguous 5. [A]requirements [B]explanations [C] accounts [D] assessments 6. [A] conclude [B] matter [C] indicate [D] work 7. [A] as far as [B] for fear that [C] in case that [D] so long as 8. [A] awareness [B] expectation [C] sentiment [D] illusion 9. [A] suitable [B] excessive [C] enough [D] abundant 10. [A] about [B] for [C] on [D] by 11. [A] compared [B]shown [C] subjected [D] conveyed
考研英语完形填空
1986年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 On Wednesday afternoons Annie took the bus into town to shop in the market. For an hour or __16__ she would walk up and down between the stalls looking at everything, buying here and there, and __17__ a sharp lookout for the bargains that were sometimes to be had. And then, with all the things she needed __18__ she would leave the market for the streets of the town to spend another hour __19__ she liked best: looking in furniture shop windows. One Wednesday she found a new shop full of the most delightful things, with a notice inviting anyone to walk in and look __20__ without feeling they had to buy something. Annie hesitated for a moment before stepping through the doorway where, almost at once, she stopped __21__ before a green armchair. There was a card on the chair which said: “This fine chair is yours __22__ less than a pound a week,” and very small at the bottom, “Cash price eighty-nine pounds fifty.” A pound a week... __23__, she could almost pay that out of her housekeeping money and never miss it! A voice at her shoulder made her __24__. “Can I help you, Madam?”She looked round at the assistant who had come softly to her __25__. “Oh, well, no,” she said. “I was just looking.”“We’ve chairs of all kinds in the showroom. If you’ll just come up, you will find something to suit you.” Annie, worried at the thought of being persuaded to buy something she didn’t need, left the shop hurriedly. 16. [A] so [B] more [C] else [D] another 17. [A] taking [B] making [C] fixing [D] keeping 18. [A] buy [B] bought [C] buying [D] to have bought 19. [A] in a way [B] by the way [C] in the way [D] on the way 20. [A] behind [B] round [C] back [D] on 21. [A] doubted [B] wondered [C] puzzled [D] delighted 22. [A] at [B] for [C] with [D] in 23. [A] Why [B] When [C] How [D] What 24. [A] jump [B] leap [C] laugh [D] wonder 25. [A] place [B] back [ C] side [D] front
历年考研英语完形填空真题
历年考研英语完形填空真题（2005） The human nose is an underrated tool. Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals, 1 this is largely because, 2 animals ,we stand upright. This means that our noses are 3 to perceiving those smells which float through the air, 4 the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. In fact 5 , we are extremely sensitive to smells, 6 we do not generally realize it. Our noses are capable of 7 human smells even when these are 8 to far below one part in one million. Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, 9 others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 10 smell receptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send 11 to the brain. However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell 12 can suddenly become sensitive to it when 13 to it often enough. The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it 14 to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 15 new receptors if necessary. This may 16 explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells we simply do not need to be. We are not 17 of the usual smell of our own house but we 18 new smells when we visit someone else's. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 19 for unfamiliar and emergency signals 20 the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire. 1. [A]although [B]as [C]but [D]while 2. [A]above [B]unlike [C]excluding [D]besides 3. [A]limited [B]committed [C]dedicated [D]confined ￥ 4. [A]catching [B]ignoring [C]missing [D]tracking 5. [A]anyway [B]though [C]instead [D]therefore 6. [A]even if [B]if only [C]only if [D]as if 7. [A]distinguishing[B]discovering [C]determining[D]detecting 8. [A]diluted [B]dissolved [C]determining[D]diffused 9. [A]when [B]since [C]for [D]whereas 10. [A]unusual [B]particular [C]unique [D]typical 11. [A]signs [B]stimuli [C]messages [D]impulses （ 12. [A]at first [B]at all [C]at large [D]at times 13. [A]subjected [B]left [C]drawn [D]exposed 14. [A]ineffective [B]incompetent [C]inefficient[D]insufficient 15. [A]introduce [B]summon [C]trigger [D]create 16. [A]still [B]also [C]otherwise [D]nevertheless 17. [A]sure [B]sick [C]aware [D]tired 18. [A]tolerate [B]repel [C]neglect [D]notice 19. [A]availabe [B]reliable[C]identifiable[D]suitable 。 20. [A]similar to[B]such as [C]along with [D]aside from
考研英语完形填空历年常考固定搭配汇总
考研英语完形填空历年常考固定搭配汇总 be absorbed in 专心于 by accident 偶然 account for 说明 on account of 因为，由于take…into account 考虑 be accustomed to 习惯于 add up to 合计，总计 in addition 另外 in addition to 除。。。之外 in advance 提前，预先 take advantage of 利用 ahead of 在。。。前面，先于 in the air 在流行中，在传播中 all but 几乎，差一点，除。。。之外其余都 all over 遍及，到处 all right 行，可以 in all 总共，共计 make allowances for 考虑，顾及，体谅 in alliance with 与。。。联盟leave…alone 听其自然，不要去管 let alone 更不用说 along with 与。。。一起 one after another 一个接一个 one another 互相 apart from 除去 as for 至于，就。。。方面说 as if 好像，仿佛 as though 好像，仿佛 as to 至于，关于 aside from 除。。。之外 ask for 请求，要求 on the average 平均，一般来说 right away 立即，马上 back and forth 来回，往返，来来往往地 back off 放，让步，退却 back up 支持，援助 on the basis of 根据 on behalf of 代表，为了 at the best 充其量，至多 get the best of胜过 make the best of 充分利用 for the better 好转，改善 get the better of 打败，智胜had better 最好还是，应该 on board 在船/车飞机上 be bound to 必定，一定 break away 脱离，逃跑 break down 损坏，分解，瓦解 break in 强行进入，闯入，打断break into 闯入 break out 突发，爆发 break through 突破 break up 终止，结束，打碎catch one’s breath 屏息 out of breath 喘不过气来 in brief 简而言之 bring about 带来，造成 bring down 打倒，挫伤 bring forth 产生，提出 bring forward 提出 bring out 使出现，公布 bring to 使恢复知觉 bring up 教育，培养，使成长build up 积累，树立，逐步建立 in bulk 散装，大批 burn out烧掉 burn up烧完，烧尽 call for 邀请，要求，需要 call forth 唤起，引起
历年考研英语完形填空真题
历年考研英语完形填空 真题 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
历年考研英语完形填空真题（2005） The human nose is an underrated tool. Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals, 1 this is largely because, 2 animals ,we stand upright. This means that our noses are 3 to perceiving those smells which float through the air, 4 the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. In fact 5 , we are extremely sensitive to smells, 6 we do not generally realize it. Our noses are capable of 7 human smells even when these are 8 to far below one part in one million. Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, 9 others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 10 smell receptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send 11 to the brain. However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell 12 can suddenly become sensitive to it when 13 to it often enough. The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it 14 to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 15 new receptors if necessary. This may 16 explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells we simply do not need to be. We are not 17 of the usual smell of our own house but we 18 new smells when we visit someone else's. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 19 for unfamiliar and emergency signals 20 the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire. 1. [A]although [B]as [C]but [D]while 2. [A]above [B]unlike [C]excluding [D]besides 3. [A]limited [B]committed [C]dedicated [D]confined 4. [A]catching [B]ignoring [C]missing [D]tracking 5. [A]anyway [B]though [C]instead [D]therefore 6. [A]even if [B]if only [C]only if [D]as if 7. [A]distinguishing[B]discovering [C]determining[D]detecting 8. [A]diluted [B]dissolved [C]determining[D]diffused 9. [A]when [B]since [C]for [D]whereas 10. [A]unusual [B]particular [C]unique [D]typical 11. [A]signs [B]stimuli [C]messages [D]impulses 12. [A]at first [B]at all [C]at large [D]at times 13. [A]subjected [B]left [C]drawn [D]exposed 14. [A]ineffective [B]incompetent [C]inefficient[D]insufficient 15. [A]introduce [B]summon [C]trigger [D]create 16. [A]still [B]also [C]otherwise [D]nevertheless 17. [A]sure [B]sick [C]aware [D]tired 18. [A]tolerate [B]repel [C]neglect [D]notice 19. [A]availabe [B]reliable[C]identifiable[D]suitable 20. [A]similar to[B]such as [C]along with [D]aside from
2017考研英语一八套卷完形填空公开课讲义
一. 完形填空整体介绍： 1.完形填空历年考察的效率（表格）。 2.完形填空解题核心和复习思路。 ---- 以主旨为导向，以逻辑为准绳，段落为战场，以选项分析为武器。 ---- 阅读是做题的基础，逻辑是判断的依据，切勿看一空做一空，需瞻前顾后。3.完形填空的发展方向。 以考察文章发展脉络和理解为主，同时考察核心词的运用，同义词辨析越来越少。 二. 八套卷完型样题讲解及思路展示 以第四套及第七套文章为纲展示核心考点： 1. 第四套文章行文模式：英语一重点形式 完型填空常见行文模式： 1). 现象描述+现象说明（正反）（09，16） 2). 实验研究的设想/结果+实验过程及分析+总结/意义(08, 09,10,11,13,15) 3).提出问题+分析问题+解决方案及建议（06,12,14） 2. 涉及解题技巧及考点： 逻辑一致 核心成分分析+选项分析 同义选项 同形选项
（第一段）Ellie is a psychologist, and a damned good one at that. Smile in a certain way, and she knows 1what your smile means. 2 a nervous tic or tension in an eye, and she instantly 3 on it. She listens to what you say, 4 every word, works out the meaning of your 5 , your tone, your posture, everything. She is at the 6 of her game but, according to a new study, her greatest 7 is that she is not human. 1. A. precisely B. delicately C. accurately D. particularly 2. A. Reveal B. Develop C. Burst D. Deliver 3. A. stays up B. picks up C. checks up D. holds up 4. A. disposes B. resolves C. processes D. executes 6. A. cross B. termination C. topD. milestone 7. A. asset B. capital C. resource D. property 5. A. vibration B. pause C. omission D. pitch 同义词原则： 第五套：In 2014，eight 2 ten women prisoners were 3 for non-violent 4 , compared with seven in ten male prisoners. 3. A. jailedB. captivated C. charged D. accused 4. A. offences B. attacks C. behaviours D. responses 四个同义词： 第五套：Another 13 is that female prisoners are trickier to manage because they are more likely to
考研英语完形填空刷题方法
考研英语完形填空刷题 方法 集团文件版本号：（M928-T898-M248-WU2669-I2896-DQ586-M1988）
完形填空刷题方法时间转瞬即逝，我们的暑期备考已近进行了一半，你的复习怎么样了，今天为大家分享2018考研英语完型突破实用方法，一起来看看。 完形填空是英语题型中得分率不高的一个题型，但总体分值也不多，该怎么安排这部分的复习呢?下面来谈谈这个问题： 一、如何复习完形填空?什么时候开始准备? 完形填空是考研比较难的一部分，从历年的平均分可看出，每年平均分都在5分左右，低于及格分。又由于完形填空所占分值不高，许多同学都选择避开，复习阅读时顺带复习完形，或者干脆不管，考试时“蒙一水”。这种做法有一定道理，毕竟完型较难，分值不多，就算投入大量时间和精力也不一定能保证多几分。但是，就算如此，完型也不能甩手不管，需要投入一定时间去准备，另外就是了解一些完形填空出题规律以及做题的技巧和方法，争取达到及格分以上。 复习完形建议以真题为参考，立足真题。把完形出现的固定搭配、固定词组整理出来，在你开始接触真题时就该复习完型。一般在9月后开始系统准备、做题为宜。 二、完形填空有没有做题技巧? 完形填空做题技巧历来都是备受同学青睐。对于这种提分不容易，分值比例又较低的部分同学们都倾向于用“技巧”解题。在此要提醒同学们，任何技巧都是建立在基础上的，技巧不能决定成败，但可起到锦上添花作用。同时，下面给大家分享一些技巧： A、完形填空的第一句话作为文章的开篇，告诉我们文章的主题，下面的内容都是围绕它展开，因此第一句都是完整的，我们也要紧抓第一句话，自己所做的选择都应与第一句的意思相一致。另外注意完形填空选的是最佳答案，而不是正确答案 B、学会利用红花绿叶原则做题。完形词汇分为红花词和绿叶词。红花词就是每次出现在真题里都会选;绿叶词就是屡次出现屡次不选。比如说however、although、yet、because等属于红花词。Since、nowthat、what、if only、in case等都属于绿叶词。根据往年经验，利用红花绿叶原则做题能做对2-5题，但同时也有失手可能，失手也是有原因的，因为和后面提到的原则矛盾了。 C、同义原则：在四个选项中，当两个或三个实词互为同义词时，答案往往在其中。当两个或三个虚词互为同义词时，往往都不选。当四个
考研英语完形填空真题答案解析
2006年考研英语完形填空真题答案解析 1.A逻辑关系题(总分关系) 根据要填的空所在语句的前一句“无家可归者在美国人口中所占比例越来越大”与后一句“无家可归者所占的比例已经达到如此地步以至于…”，并不难发现后一句是对前一句的一个例证和强调。ABCD四个选项中，A.Indeed的确，一般表示强调;B.Likewise类似地，表示前后两句的相似性;C.Therefore因此，是一个因果连词，强调结果;而D.Furthermore进一步说，表示递进关系。因此，只有A选项符合前后两句间的例证强调关系，故为正确答案。 2.B词义辨析题(动词辨析) 考察动词的辨析，首先要找到空所在那句话的主干，即“homelessnesshasreachedsuchproportionsthatlocalgovernmentcan’tpossibly__”，该句给出了动作的发出者(主语)，即localgovernment，那么只要判断出该主语可以发出选项中的哪个动作，问题就迎刃而解了;此外，空后没有其他成分，即宾语，因此，填入的动词应为不及物动词。ABCD四个选项中，A.stand，忍受，及物动词，不符合句子结构;B.cope，处理，忍受，不及物动词，放在原句中表达完整意思，“…已达到政府无法忍受的地步”，为正确选项;C.approve，批准，通常“批准”的是文件，与原句语言环境不符;而D.retain，保留，与无家可归人的数量搭配在一起不合适。因此，正确答案为B.cope。 3.D固定搭配题(介词辨析) 选项中的四个介词都可以与help搭配，分别构成：A.helpsb.indoingsth.帮助某人做某事;B.helpsb.for为…而帮助某人;C.helpsb.withsth.帮助某人处理某事;D.helpsb.toward…帮助某人向(某个方向发展)。结合语境具体信息，“Tohelphomelesspeople__independence,thefederalgovernmentmust…”，“为帮助无家可归人__独立，联邦政府必须支持就业培训计划…”，D选项toward最符合题意，故为正确答案。 4.A词义辨析+逻辑关系题(动词辨析+并列关系) 通过并列连词and及三个结构相似的短语：“supportjobtrainingprograms”，“__theminimumwage”和“fundmorelow-costhousing”可以判断出这道题考查的是短语之间的并列关系，通过并列关系一致性的原则从所给短语中寻找线索就可以解答这道题。第三个短语中出现了more，说明要填的动词一定表示数量上的增加或提高，C(take，拿走)和D(keep，保持)排除;而B选项add通常用在addsth.tosth.(将某物加到另一物上面)中，并非数量的增加。因此，正确答案为A选项，“提高最低收入”。 5.D词义辨析题(副词辨析) 选项中出现表示否定意味的词语，且该空位于段首，无法通过上文获取提示信息，因此应先解答6、7等题，才能获取有效信息。第6题所在语句意为：估计数字在60万到300万这个范围内变化;第7题所在语句意为：尽管数字可能不同，分析师们在另一问题上达成了一致意见。由此可见，对于无家可归者数量的问题众说纷纭，因此，并非每个人都同意美国无家可归者的数量。正确答案为D.not。 6.C词义辨析题(动词辨析) “Estimates__anywherefrom60,000to3million.”，该句中的anywherefrom…to…决定所填动词表示一个范围的变化，并可与from…to…搭配。A.cover，覆盖，不能与from…to搭配;B.change，变化，改变，changefrom…to…，表示没有规律的变化;C.range，在某个范围内变化，符合原句;D.differ，不同于…，常与from连用，构成differfrom…，不同于…，不符合题意。因此，正确答案为C.range。