初中英语语法知识—定语从句的经典测试题附解析

初中英语语法知识—定语从句的经典测试题附解析
初中英语语法知识—定语从句的经典测试题附解析

一、选择题

1.-Linda, can you tell me something about Mo Yan?

-Sure. He is the writer _____________won the Nobel Literature Prize.

A.which B.whose C.who D.whom

2.—Do you know the man ________ is reading the book over there?

—Sorry, I don’t know.

A.which B.what C.whom D.who 3.Chaoyang Experimental School is the best school _______ Carl has visited in Chaoshan area. A.which B.that C.when D.where 4.Stephen Curry is a great basketball player ____is popular in the United States and even in China.

A.which B.who C.what

5.Lily doesn’t know ________ she and her friends can do to help the little boy ________ parents have left their hometown for making money.

A.what; whose B.how; who C.how; whose

6.-Have you found the information about the famous people ______ you can use for the report? -Not yet. I’ll search some on the Internet.

A.who B.what C.whom D.which

7.The film _____________ I like best is Frozen.

A.who B.where C.which

8.Yuan Longping is a Chinese scientist __________ is leading a research to develop sea rice. A.whose B.which C.who

9.— Have you heard of the famous Huawei company?

—Sure. It’s one of the greatest companies ________ make us Chinese proud.

A.which B.that C.what D.who

10.Liu Xiang is the first player in Asia _________ won the gold prize in the 110-hurdle race in the 28th Olympic Games.

A.which B.who C.whom D.that

11.Yang Liwei is the first Chinese astronaut ___________went into space.

A.which B.who C.whose D.whom

12.—Do you know the old man is talking to our head teacher?

—Yes, he’s my grandfather.

A.whom B.whose C.who D.which

13.I like the cartoon______has a happy ending and makes me___

A.which; to laugh B.that;to laugh C.whose; laughing D.that; laugh 14.This is my beautiful school _______ is near the famous library.

A.where B.which C.who D.when

15.Lots of people like Tale of Yanxi Palace, the most popular TV play________is based upon an

online novel.

A.what B.who C.which D.that

16.I still remember the college and the teachers ________ I visited in London years ago. A.what B.who C.that D.which 17.(2017年河南)I hate the dogs live in the next house. They make loud noises all night A.who B.that C.what D.whom

18.—Do you like watching movies?

—Yes. I prefer movies ________give me something to think about.

A.that B.what C.when D.who

19.Think of others more than yourself. A person______cares for others is popular everywhere. A.who B.which C.whom D.whose 20.—Have you found the details of Yuan Longping ________ you can use for your report?—He is so famous that I’ve easily got plenty on the In ternet.

A.where B.which C.what D.who

21.— We should do something to help the students ________ are unable to go to school.—Let’s turn to Miss Green. She can always ________ any problem we face.

A.who; put out B./; work out C.who; work out D.that; put out 22.Rosa likes music ______ is quiet and gentle.

A.when B.that C.where D.who

23.—Have you finished the book ______________you borrowed from the library?

A.which B.where C.what D.whose

24.My grandparents like stories __________ have happy endings.

A.they B.who C.which D./

25.---Wechat (微信)is a tool _______ can help people talk to friends or share photos, ideas.

---How wonderful it is!

A.when B.who C.that D.what

【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除

一、选择题

1.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:-琳达,你能告诉我一些关于莫言的事情吗?-当然。他是获得诺贝尔文学奖的作家。

考查定语从句,先行词为the writer(人),关系代词在定语从句中作主语。who可以指代

人,可作主语;whom 只能作宾语;whose 作定语;which 只能指代物。故选:C。

2.D

解析:D

【解析】

句意:——你知道正在那边读书的那个男人是谁吗?——对不起,我不知道。在定语从句中,先行词是the man,是人,关系词用who来引导,who在这定语从句里做主语。根据题意,故选D。

3.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:朝阳实验学校是卡尔在潮汕地区参观的最好的学校。

考查定语从句。此处引导定语从句,修饰其前先行词school,此处关系词作定语从句中作宾语,应该用关系代词,所以排除CD;先行词被最高级修饰,关系代词只用that,故选B。

【点睛】

先行词为物时,关系代词既可用which也可用that,不过先行词若被最高级、序数词或any, all等不定代词修饰时,则只用that,不用which。

4.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:Stephen Curry是一位伟大的篮球运动员,他在美国甚至在中国都很受欢迎。

本题考查定语从句的关系词。A. which作为关系词无实义;B. who作为关系词代指人;C. what不能引导定语从句。根据句意和结构可知,定语从句的先行词是player运动员即Stephen Curry,所以此处应填代指人的关系词who。故选B。

5.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:Lily 不知道她和她的朋友们能做些什么,来帮助那个父母为了钱离开家乡的小男

孩。

考查宾语从句和定语从句。A. what什么;whose谁的;B. how如何;who谁;C. how如何; whose谁的。根据she and her friends can do可知,此处do后面缺宾语,即“做的事情”,所以第一空用what;根据parents have left their hometown for making money是boy的后置定语,是对boy的进一步解释说明,且parents和boy之间是“所属”关系,所以第二空用whose。故选A。

6.D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——你有没有找到一些能够用于报告的名人的信息?——还没有。我将在网上搜索一些。

考查定语从句。本句先行词information是物,在定语从句中作宾语,故用关系代词which 或that引导定语从句,所以选D。

7.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:我最喜欢的电影是《冰雪奇缘》。

考查定语从句。who谁;where哪里;which哪个。此句是定语从句,先行词为film,是物,关系词用that或者which。故选C。

【点睛】

定语从句中,引导定语从句的词叫关系词。which一般指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语,作宾语的关系代词which可以省略。

例如:The river which runs through the centre of the city brings us lots of pleasure.

This is the book (which) you are looking for.

8.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:袁隆平是一位中国科学家,他正在领导一项开发海水稻的研究。

本题考查定语从句。whose引导定语从句,作定语;which引导定语从句,修饰事物,作主语,宾语或表语;who引导定语从句,修饰人,作主语,宾语或表语;此处先行词scientist是人,后面定语从句缺少主语,因此用who引导定语从句。故选C。

9.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——你听说过著名的华为公司吗?——当然,这是让我们中国人感到骄傲的最伟大的公司之一。

考查定语从句关系词。which定语从句关系词,先行词是物;that定语从句关系词,先行词是人或物;what不能引导定语从句;who定语从句关系词,先行词是人。先行词companies是物,且被形容词最高级the greatest修饰,故只能用that引导。根据题意,故选B。

10.D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:刘翔是亚洲第一位在第28届奥运会110栏比赛中获得金奖的运动员。

考查定语从句关系词。Which定语从句关系词,先行词指物;who定语从句关系词,先行词是人;whom定语从句关系词,先行词是人,在定语从句中做宾语;D. that定语从句关系词,先行词指人或物;先行词是the first player是人,先行词前有序数词,关系词指用that。根据题意,故选D。

【点睛】

在定语从句中,先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时一定要用that。如:Tom is the tallest boy that I have seen before.

11.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:杨利伟是进入太空的第一个中国宇航员。

考查定语从句。which定语从句中指物;who定语从句中指人;whose在从句中作定语,后常接名词;whom定语从句中指人,who的宾格,从句中作宾语。此句为定语从句,astronaut为先行词,关系词在从句中作主语,并且指人,因此关系代词用that或who。故选B。

12.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——你认识那个在和我们校长谈话的老人吗?——是的,他是我的祖父。

whom谁,who的宾格形式;whose谁的;who谁;which哪个。 is talking to our head teacher作man的定语,先行词是man,关系词作主语,所以关系词用who或者that,结合选项,故选C。

【点睛】

定语从句用来充当句中定语的成分,被修饰的名词叫先行词,连接主从句的是关系词。关系词分:1关系代词:who , whom , whose , which , that 。2 关系副词:where,when,why 等。一般的who 用于指代人的先行词,which 用来指代物的先行词,that既可指人又可指物。该题中被修饰的先行词是人,所以关系词用who或者that,结合选项,故选who。13.D

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:我喜欢这部结局美满、让我发笑的动画片。

考查定语从句关系词及非谓语动词。which定语从句关系词,先行词是物;that 定语从句

关系词,先行词指人或指物;whose定语从句关系词,在定语从句中做定语。先行词是the cartoon是物,关系词用that或which,排除C;短语make sb. do sth.使某人做某事;排除AB.,根据题意,故选D。

14.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:这是我美丽的学校。它在著名的图书馆附近。

本题考查关系词。where哪里,关系副词,指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语;which哪一个,关系代词,指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;who谁,关系代词,指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;when何时,关系副词,指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语;根

据 my beautiful school _______ is near…,此处先行词为school,是物,在定语从句中作主语,所以用关系代词which代替,故答案选B。

15.D

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:很多人喜欢《延禧攻略》,这部最受欢迎的电视剧是根据一部网络小说改编的。

考查定语从句的关系代词。What什么,引导宾语从句;who先行词是人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;which先行词是物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;that先行词是人或物,在

定语从句中作主语或宾语,由所给空前面的the most popular TV play和后面的句子is based upon an online novel可知,是定语从句,排除A,由先行词是物,排除B,当先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时,只能用that不能用which,排除C,故选D。

16.C

解析:C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:我仍旧记得几年前去伦敦访问的大学和老师们。what一般不用于定语从句;who在定语从句中指人; that既可指人,也可指物;which指物。结合语境可知本句中先行词the college and the teachers中既有人,又有物,故只能用关系代词that,所以选C。

考点:考查关系代词。

17.B

解析:B

【解析】

句意:我讨厌住在隔壁的狗,他们整晚发出噪音。who "谁"指人,在定语从句中作主语;that "那个"指人或指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;what "什么"不能引导定语从句,引导名词性从句;whom "谁"指人,在定语从句中作宾语。根据先行词是the dogs,后面的定语从句缺少主语,故用代词that。故选B。

18.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——你喜欢看电影吗?——是的,我喜欢电影,它给我一些东西来思考。

此题考查定语从句,横线上是引导词代替先行词,做主语,先行词是movies电影,物,选择that,故选A。

19.A

解析:A

【解析】

句意:想想别人胜过你自己。关心别人的人在各地都很受欢迎。A. who关系代词,引导定语从句,先行词是人,在从句中作主语;B. which关系代词,引导定语从句,先行词为物,在从句中作主语或宾语;C. whom 关系代词,可以引导定语从句,先行词是人,在从句中只能作宾语;D. whose先行词是人或物,在定语从句中作定语。此句的先行词是人,引导定语从句的关联词在定语从句中作主语,故答案为A。

点睛:在定语从句中,关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

1) who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:

Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)

2) whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换),例如:

They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。

3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。

关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。

关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例如:

Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。

20.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——你有没有找到袁隆平的细节资料,你可以用来写成报告的?——它很有名。我很容易在网上找到了很多。

考查定语从句。where关系副词,表示地点;which关系代词,指代物,在从句中作主语和宾语;what不是定语从句关系词;who关系代词,指代人,在从句中作主语和宾语;根据句意理解可知,先行词是details,是物而不是人,所以排除C/ D选项;而先行词details在

从句中做use的宾语,所以应该选择关系代词,故选B。

【点睛】

定语从句重点考查关系词的应用。在定语从句中关系词用哪个,主要取决于先行词,先行词指人,关系词用who/ whom/ that,指人做主语用who,做宾语用whom,先行词指物,关系词用which/ that,如果先行词在句中做状语,就要用关系副词,指时间用when,指地点用where,指原因用why。

21.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——我们应该做一些事去帮助那些不能去上学的学生。——让我们求助于Green小姐,她总能解决我们面临的问题。

考查定语从句关系代词和动词短语。根据句意,可知此空填定语从句的关系代词,指代先行词students且作定语从句的主语,students是人,可用who或者that指代且不能省略。put out 熄灭;work out 解决。根据句意,work out符合题意。故选C。

【点睛】

关系代词 which,that,who引导定语从句在从句中作主语、宾语或者表语。作宾语的时候,关系代词可以省略。that既可以指人也可以指物;who只能指人;which只能指物。22.B

解析:B

【解析】试题分析:句意:Rosa喜欢娴雅斯文的歌曲。本题考查定语从句的引导词,先行词music是物,且引导词在定语从句中作定语。故选B。

23.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——你看完了你从图书馆借的书了么?

考查定语从句的用法。定语从句中先行词是book书,修饰物并在从句中做宾语,关系代词要用which;where是关系副词,指地方;what是关系代词,指什么;whose是关系代词,指谁的。故选A。

24.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:我爷爷奶奶喜欢有幸福结局的故事。

考查定语从句。先行词stories(故事)表示物,又关系词在从句中作主语,所以用关系代词that或which,故选C。

25.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——微信是一种帮助人们与朋友交谈或分享照片、想法的工具。——太棒了!

考查定语从句。本句是定语从句,先行词tool是物,关系词在定语从句中做主语,可知使用关系代词that或which;故选C。

【点睛】

that在定语从句中做主语、表语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。(1)必须用that的情况:先行词有人又有物;先行词有形容词最高级修饰;先行词是不定代词;先行词有不定代词修饰;以who,which开头的问句;先行词有the very, the same ,the last,the only等词修饰;先行词有序数词修饰时;关系词在定语从句中做表语时。(2)不能用that的情况:介词+关系词;非限定性定语从句。例如:(1)Is this the book that you borrowed in the library?这是你在图书馆借的那本书吗?(2) Who that break the window should be punished.谁打碎了窗户都要受到惩罚.(3) All that is needed is a supply of oil. 所需的只是供油问题。

初中英语语法知识点总结

英语语法大全 初中英语语法学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法: 1、词类:英语词类分十种: 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.):表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如:boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.):主要用来代替名词。如:who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..):表示人或事物的性质或特征。如:good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.):表示数目或事物的顺序。如:one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.):表示动作或状态。如:am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.):修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等如:now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..):用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如:a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.):表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.):用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before .

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