仁爱版八年级英语下册知识点归纳

仁爱版八年级英语下册知识点归纳

Unit5 feeling happy

Topic 1 why all the smiling faces?

一、重点词汇

1、cruel 残忍的

2、silly 傻的

3、smile 微笑

4、rich 富裕的

5、proud 骄傲的

6、taste 品尝

7、smell 问起来8、set 设置9、able 能够

10、since 自从。。。11、lively 活泼的12、play 玩

13、mad 发疯的14、please 请；令人高兴的15、marry 结婚

16、main 主要的17、role 角色18、express 表达

19、culture 文化20、peace 和平

二、重点短语

1 Why all the smiling faces? 为什么你们都笑容满面。

2 You look so excited. 你看起来很兴奋。

3 invite/ ask sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事

4 one of 其中之一one of +限定词+名词的复数表示“其中的一个。。。”

例如：比较对错one of the boys one of the boy

5 prepare sth for sb= get sth ready for sb 为某人准备好某事

6 say thanks / hello / sorry / goodbye to sb 向某人说声谢谢/ 你好/抱歉/再见

7 None of 没有一个

8 What a shame / pity. 真遗憾。

9 get the ticket to = buy the ticket for 买到。。。的票

10 not at all 一点也不

11 What do you like best? = What’s your favorite?你最喜欢什么？

12 be proud of = take pride in 为。。。感到骄傲

13 be worried about = worry about 为。。。而担心，担心。。。

14 wait in line 排队等候

15 be pleased with sb = be satisfied with sb 对某人感到满意

be pleased at sth 为某事而感到高兴

16 taste delicious 尝起来美味smell terrible 闻起来恶心17 set the table 摆放餐具

18 have a temperature = have a fever 发烧

19 I hope everything goes well. 我希望一切进展顺利。

20 ring up sb ring sb up 打电话给某人

21 be able to 能够

22 of all time = all the time 一直，总是

23 care for = take care of = look after 照顾

24 because of 因为，由于

25 cheer up cheer sb up 使。。。兴奋起来

26 at last = in the end = finally 最后，最终at the end of 在。。。。的末尾

27 be on 上演 tell a story = tell stories 讲故事

28 on the / one’s way to在去往。。。的路上

29 be with a history of 200 years = have a history of 200 years

=have 200 years of history 有着两百年的历史

30 come into being 形成

31 be full of 充满，装满

32 ( have a ) fight against sb 与某人打架/吵架

make peace with sb 与某人和解

33 end with 以。。。结束start / begin with 以。。。开始

34 连系动词+形容词表系表结构be /look /smell /taste /sound /feel /become /get /turn

35. funny plays 滑稽剧36.agreen with sb.同意某人37. facial paintings 脸谱

三、重点语法

1. Linking verb + adjective 系动词+形容词,构成系表结构.

系动词：be (是)feel look sound taste turn get become smell seem 等等．For example :The food tastes delious.

注意：

（1）. 有些连系动词通常不用于被动语态和进行时态中。如:feel, taste等词。例如: -Do you like the material?

-Yes, it feels very soft.

（2）. 一般情况下,连系动词主要跟形容词或分词作表语。例如:

Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may get run over by a car.

（3）. 能跟名词作表语的连系动词常见的有:be, become, appear, seem, prove, remain和turn等.注意:turn后跟(表示主语身份的)名词作表语时,不加冠词。例如:

Twenty years later, he turned teacher.

The population growth in China remains a problem.

（4）. 连系动词也可跟不定式(to do / to be),常见的有:appear, seem, remain, prove, look 等。例如:

Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains to be seen whether they will enjoy it.

On the long journey, Peter proved to be a most interesting guide. We all had a wonderful time.

2. hope 与wish 的比较．都与that引导的从句连用．Hope常用于将来时表可能实现的愿望．Wish常用于过去式表示不可能实现的愿望．

For example : I hope that you will be happy.

I wish that you could be happy.

3. 动词-ing 和-ed形式作主语补语的区别．动词-ing表示主语的特征，常用于事物．动词-ed 表示主语的状态，常用于人．这类词有：interest move active disappoint excite surprise frighten bore等等．

For example：The game is interesting.

I am interested in the game.

4．表示能力的词．

Could 表示过去的能力．

Can表示现在的能力

be able to 表示过去，现在，将来任何时候的能力．将来时态（shall \will be able to----）

Unit 5 Topic 2

一、重点词汇：

1．Exam测试shy，strict，especially，stranger，accept，advice，deal，

example，fail，normal，kill，refuse，hit，though，understand，asleep，suggestion，

experience，soft，

二、重点短语

1 seem to +V 似乎

2 do badly in = be bad at 不擅长于某一方面

3 be strict with 对。。。严格要求

4 need to do sth 需要做某事

5 take it easy 放轻松，别紧张

6 try to do sth 尽力做某事try doing sth 尝试做某事

try on 试穿try one’s best to do sth尽某人最大努力做某事

7 at one’s age在某人这一年龄的时候

8 tell a joke = tell jokes 讲笑话

9 make / let / have sb do 让某人做某事get / ask / tell sb to do

10 be sure (that ) 确信。。。be sure to 一定会

11 as … as和。。。一样not as / so … as不如。。。

12 How time flies! = How quickly the time flies! 光阴似箭。

13 be used to 习惯于做某事used to do sth 过去常常做某事

14 deal with = do with 处理，对付

15 for example 例如

16 learn from 向。。。学习learn to do sth 学习做某事

17 refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事

18 be angry with sb = be mad at sb 生某人的气

19 even though / if 尽管

20 not …any longer = no longer不再

not …any more / anymore = no more

21 by oneself 靠自己

22 fall asleep 入睡

23 give sb a hand = do sb a favor = help sb 帮助某人

24 in one’s teens在某人十几岁的时候

25 take part in = join in 参加，加入

26 clam down clam sb down 使某人平静下来

三、重点语法：

5. 原因状语从句．引导词：because since so 等，但是因为，所以不能同时出现．

For example：He is ill, so he isn’t able to come.

She is lonely because she has no friends to talk with.

Since she is very strict with herself ,she is unhappy.

6. always常用于一般现在时．表示频繁发生的动作．但与现在进行时态连用表是厌恶，责备，赞扬的语气．

For example: She is always talking about money.

7. can’t表示一种否定的推测．You can’t have SARS.

must 表示一种肯定的推测．It must be sunny day tomorrow

9. 英语语法as...as、so…as、so…that和too…to的用法区别

①so…as只用于否定句，as…as不但可用于肯定句，还可用于否定句

②as…as中的第一个as是副词,后接形容词或副词的原形;第二个as是连词,引导比较状语从句.

例如:Jack is as tall as you. 杰克和你一样高.

Jim is not so/as brave as you. 吉姆不如你聪明.

③so…that如此…以至于(只能引导结果状语从句,的后面多接形容词、副词或分词,后接句子. 例如:

The house was so crowded that I could hardly turned around. 屋里很挤,我几乎都无法转身了.

④too…to 太…以至于不能…(too为副词,后接形容词或者副词,to为不定式的标志,这个不定式短语本身带有否定含义.) 例如:

The box is too heavy for her to carry it. 对于她来说,这个箱子太重了,以至于她搬不动.

Unit 5 Topic 3

一、重点词汇：

1、nervous 紧张的，

2、bitter

3、test 测试，

4、monitor班长，

5、speech ，

6、passport，

7、moon 月亮，8、thought 虽然，9、spirit 精神的

10、decision 决定，11、sense 感觉，12、boss 老板，13、decide 决定

二、重点短语

1 make me feel nervous 使我感到紧张的

make me want to sleep 使我想去睡觉

2 follow t he doctor’s advice依据医生的建议

3 I hope so. 我希望如此。

4 at the end of 在、、、的末端in the end = at last 最后

5 Take it easy. 别紧张

6 help sb to do 帮助某人做某事help sb with sth 帮助某人某事

7 learn by oneself = teach oneself 自学

8 That’s very nice of you.你是多么的好啊！

9 in a good / bad mood 愉悦的心情in good spirits 良好的精神

10 smile at life 笑对人生

11 give a surprise to sb = give sb a surprise 给某人惊喜

12 in hospital 住院in the hospital 在医院

13 get together with sb 与某人相聚在一起

14 try out 尝试

15 so、、、that 如此、、、以致

16 get help from sb 得到某人的帮助

17 make important decisions 做一个重要的决定

18 think …over考虑

19 a sense of happiness 高兴的感觉

20 get along / on with sb 与某人相处的融洽

三、重点语法

8. 使役动词（让―――＼使――）make let have 的用法．

make +宾语＋(省约to 的不定式)动词．

make+宾语＋名词．We make him team leader.

make +宾语＋形容词．It make me happy.

Let+宾语＋(省约to 的不定式)动词.

Have+宾语+(省约to 的不定式)动词

老师叫John到办公室拿他的书。

The teather made(had ) John get his book in the office.

爸爸让我明天下午看电视。

Father let me watch TV tomorrow afternoon.

10. few ; a few ; little; a little的用法和区别.

⑴(a) few与(a) little的区别

① 从所修饰的名词来看：(a) few后接可数名词，且要用复数形式；(a) little后接不可数名词。如：

We had little time to do it. 我们没什么时间做此事。

There’s only a little soup left. 只剩下一点儿汤了。

He has few friends. 他朋友很少。

I’ll only be away a few minutes. 我只离开几分钟。

②从所表示的意思来看：上面提到，两者均可表示数量，其主要区别是，(a) few后接可数名词，(a) little后接不可数名词。但是，(a) little还可表示大小。如：

Please accept this little gift．请接受这件小小的礼物。

There are several little towns along the river. 沿河有几个小镇。

注意体会下面两句，前面的little表示形状或个子“小”，后面的little表示数量“少”：

The little boy is very busy. He has little time to play. 这个小男孩很忙，他很少有时间玩。

It’s a little animal. It eats only a little food. 那是一个小动物，它只吃一点点食物。

③ 从各自的词性来看：在词性方面，两者的共同点是，均可用作形容词或代词；其不同点是，(a) little 还可用作副词，用以修饰形容词、副词、动词以及介词短语。如：

He is a little tired. 他有点累了。

They are a little bit better now. 现在他们稍好一点了。

You should walk a little faster. 你应该走快一点。

She was only a little over fifty years old．她才五十多一点。

⑵有 a 与没有a 的区别

不带a 的little和few 含有否定意义，表示数量很少或几乎没有，强调“少”；带有a 的little 和few含有肯定意义，表示数量虽然少但毕竟还有，强调“有”。比较：

Few people like such things. 没什么人喜欢那样的东西。

A few people like such things. 有少数人喜欢那样的东西。

He knows little English. 他几乎不懂英语。

He knows a little English. 他懂一点点英语。

注意，当few前不带a，但带有the, some these, those等修饰语时，也表示肯定意义。如：Some few have already left. 有几个已经离开了。

The last few winters have been very cold．过去几个冬天都很冷。

The first few chapters are about his early days．前几章谈他的少年时期。

⑶思维拓展

注意两者比较级和最高级的用法及区别：little的比较级和最高级分别为less和least，few的比较级和最高级分别为fewer和fewest。如：

Boys think less about dress than girls do. 男孩子不像女孩子那样爱打扮。

He has the least money of all of us. 他是我们大家中钱最少的。

Fewer radios were sold this year than last. 今年卖掉的收音机比去年少。

He tried to finish the work with least money and fewest people. 他设法要用最少的钱和最少的人去完成这项工作。

Unit 6 Topic 1

一、重点词汇

1、field 田地，

2、trip 旅游，

3、vehicle 车辆，

4、airline 航班，

5、raise 筹集，

6、discuss 讨论，

7、book 预定，8、railway 铁路，9、cinema 电影院，

10、condition 条件，11、comfortable 舒适的，12、standard 标准的，

13、draw 抽奖，画，14、land 着陆，土地

二、重点短语：

1 go on 继续go on a spring field trip 继续去春游

g o on a visit / trip to …=have a visit /trip to …

2 decide on 致力于decide to do sth 决定做某事

make a decision 决定

3 My pleasure. = It’s a / my pleasure.我很乐意

4 Have a good trip. 玩得愉快Have a good / wonderful time.

5 see the sunrise 看日出

6 raise money 筹集钱make / earn money 赚钱

save money节省钱

7 book / order sth for sb 为某人预定、、、

8 pay for 付、、、的钱

9 make a reservation make a hotel reservation

10 plan to do sth 计划做某事

11 work out 解决work it / them out

12 the cost of 、、、、、、的花费the price of 、、、的价格

13 come up with

14 look forward to doing sth 盼望做某事

15 hear from …= get / receive a letter from收到、、、来信…

16 in the day / daytime 在白天

at night 在晚上in the evening 在晚上

17 the sea of clouds 云海

18 place of interest 有趣的地方

三、重点语法

1、动词不定式

Help sb （to）do sth 帮助某人做某事

（1）tell / ask / order / want / teach sb to do sth;

例如：Mother told me not to play in the street. 妈妈告诉我，不要在马路上玩。

（2）see / hear / watch / notice / feel / make / let / have sb do sth;

例如：I often heard him sing in the next room. 我常听见他在隔壁唱歌。

Unit 6 Topic 2

一、重点词汇

1、receive 收到，

2、perfect 完美地，

3、camp 野营，

4、face 面对，脸；

5、north 北方，

6、space 空间，

7、push 推，8、direction 方向，9、step 步，阶段；

10、rush 冲，11、notice 注意，12、huge 巨大的，13、guard 警戒

二、重点短语

1 speak to 对某人说话

2 be busy doing sth 忙着做某事

3 ride one’s bicycle to = cycle to骑自行车去、、、

4 would like sb to do sth = want sb to do sth 想要做某事

5 come along with sb 跟着某人

6 at the foot of 、、、底部at the top of 、、、顶部

7 spread over 延伸

8 the beginning / start of 、、、的开始

9 on both sides of = on each side of = on either side of 两边

10 make sure ＝be sure 确定

11 at the back 在背后

12 two and a half hours = two hours and a half 两个半小时

13 tell good from bad

14 in the …of在、、、里on the …of 在、、边上to the …of相隔

15 be surprised at sth 对某事吃惊be surprised to do sth

to one’s surprise

16 in different directions在不同的方向in all directions 在所有方向

17 step on one’s toes

18 rush out of 冲出

19 out of sight 看不到out of one’s sight

20 each other = one another 每一个

21 ride to 骑自行车去

22 be famous for 因、、而出名be famous as 作为、、出名

23 can’t / couldn’t help doing禁不住做某事

24 here and there = every where 到处

25 thank goodness 谢天谢地

26 have fun doing sth 做某事很有趣；

Unit 6 Topic 3

1 be popular with 受……..的欢迎

2 get / be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事

3 be afraid of doing sth = be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事

4 obey / follow the traffic rules 遵守交通规则break the traffic rules 违反交通规则

5 avoid air pollution 避免空气污染avoid doing sth 避免做某事

6 It’s easy to pa rk bikes. 很容易停放自行车

7 adj 比较级+_than any other +n = the +adj 最高级+of all the +n复

8 slow down 减速

9 run into = knock into run to

10 warn sb to do sth 警告某人做某事

warn sb not to do sth =warn sb against doing sth 警告某人不要做某事

11 in danger 危险中

12 around the world = all over the world = through out the world 遍及全世界

13 …times as…as…是…的几倍

14 millions of 成百万的hundreds of millions of

15 be born 出生于

16 make a comeback

17 lead to 导致

18 win the race 赛跑获胜beat sb 击败某人

19 It seems impossible to beat him. 击败他似乎是不可能的

20 It’s certain that……..是确定无疑的

21 break the record 打破纪录hold the record 保持记录set a record 创建记录

22 instead of 代替

23 decide (not )to do sth 决定(不要)做某事

24 go through 经历

25 The roads are very difficult to ride on.

26 the World Championship the World Champion 世界冠军

27 keep one’s mind on doing sth

28 in the middle of在…中间

29 It is a mistake not to do sth 不做…..是一个错误

30 at least = at the least 至少at most = at the most 至多

SECTION A

1. How are you doing ?你过的好吗？主要用于见面打招呼。

How are you ?你好吗？

Hello/Hi !喂！/你好！

How do you do ?你好！

2. You look so excited . 你看起来很兴奋。

这个句子是连系动词（look）+ 形容词（excited）的结构。这种结构我们通常称为“系表结构”，即连系动词用于连接主语和表语的性质、状态或身份等。

（1）表示状态的连系动词有：

Be 是，look 看起来，sound 听起来，taste 尝，品尝，smell 闻起来，feel 感觉，摸起来，seem 似乎，lie 处于…状态, keep 保持, stay 仍然等.如:

----- How are you ? 你好吗？

----- I’m fine . 我很好。

She felt a bit tired . 她感到有点累。

You are not looking very well . 你气色不到好。

He seemed quite normal . 他看上去很正常。

Jennie, alone, kept silent. 只有珍妮保持沉默。

（2）表示状态变化的连系动词有：

Get 变得，turn 转变，go 变，fall 变成，become 变成，grow 渐渐变得。如：When she saw this ,she turned red . 看到这她脸红了。

The weather is getting quite warm . 天气变得非常暖和。

After a game they often become very friendly to each other . 比赛结束后，他们之间往往变得很友好。

The sea is growing calm . 大海变得平静起来。

3. Oh ,it is one of my favorite movies . 它是我最喜欢的电影之一。

（1）one of …意为“…中的一些”。后面常跟名词的复数形式或是表示复数的名词。其谓语动词用单数。如：

Jim is one of the lively boys in our class . 吉姆是我们班上活跃的男生之一。

One of them is from England . 他们中有一个人来自英格兰。

Some of … 意为“… 中的一些”。其谓语动词单复数由of 后面的宾语确定。

Some of us are Young Pioneers . 我们中有些是少先队员。

Some of food goes bad . 一些食物变质了。

（2）favorite adj. 意为“最喜欢的”。如：

Who is your favorite writer ?谁是你最喜欢的作家？

favorite 相当于like …best .

上句可以改成：Which writer do you like best ?

Favorite 可以作名词，表示“最喜欢的人（或事物）”。如：These cakes are great favorites with the children . 孩子们最喜欢这种蛋糕。

4. And we can spend the evening at my house . 我们可以在我家度过那个夜晚。

（1）spend 在这里表示“度过”。如：

We spend the weekend in Paris. 我们在巴黎度过周末。

（2）spend 可以表示“花费（时间、金钱）”，其用法有两个：

spend …on sth. 在…上花费（时间、金钱）

spend …（in）doing sth. 花费（时间、金钱）做…。如：

Unit7 Topic 1

1．重点词汇及短语：successful，imagine，soup，biscuit，pancake，cheese，pie，western，Indian，Russian，supply，know about，make money，make a poster，chat with，

on the Internet，try one’s best，prepare for，think about，have a sweet tooth，later on，

in order to，get all wet，be pleased with，make an invitation

2．语法：(1)学习宾语从句(that的用法)。(2)掌握征求对方意见或提建议的句型。

3．重点句型及交际用语：(1)I will turn to our teachers for help．

(2)I’ll chat with Daniel on the Internet to get more information about him．

(3)Let’s try our best to make it successful．

(4)Can you imagine what the food festival will be like?

(5)I'm thinking about that．

(6) I have a sweet tooth and I thank a lot of students would buy western food, such as …

（7）What’ s more , I’m sure that selling friend rice and dumplings will make a lot of money.

(8) That’ s good enough .

(9) I believe we’ ll make a lot of money for Daniel Igali

(10) –Thank you very much . –It’ s a pleasure.

(11) May I invite you to our food festival?

(12)It’s a great pity，but never mind．

(13)Will you please tell me something about yourself，…?

(14)I'll send you an e-mail later on．(15)We hope they will be successful．

(16)Extension six zero zero six，please．(17)Hold the line，please．

(18)I'm pleased to hear that you are trying to help others．

(19)Keep up the good work．

(20)Our students will sell many delicious international foods in order to raise

money for a village school in Nigeria．

(21)I'm very pleased with what you are going to do for us．

二、重点短语：

1、know about 了解、知道、、、的情况；

know much/ a lot about sb / sth;

know of 听说过；知道

2、have a food festival = hold a food festival 举办美食节。

3、make money 赚钱

4、shall I / we ……我、、、、、、，好吗？

May I 。。。。。。我可以、、、、、、吗？

Will you 。。。。。。请你、、、、、、好吗？

注意：will you not、、、而不是will you don’t 、、、、、、

Would like to do sth 想要做某事

5、turn to sb for help = ask sb for help 向某人求助

It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事

6、chat with sb 和某人聊天chat about sb/ sth 闲谈某人或某事

7、on the Internet 上网on the line 上线on the radio 在使用收音机

8、get sth about sb 获得关于某人的信息

9、try one’s best= do one’ s best尽最大努力

We must try our best to study English well. 我们必须尽最大努力学好英语。

10、successful 成功的successfully 成功地

succeed 成功success 成功

11、It is + 形容词＋for sb to do sth 做某事是很、、、、、

12、have a sweet tooth =like eating sweet food 喜欢吃甜食

13、west 西方western 西方的；西部的；

north 北方northern 北方的

south 南方southern 南方的

east 东方eastern 东方的

Fujiang is in the southeast of China . 福建在中国的东南部。

14、what’s more而且

15、serve sth 提供某食物serve sb 为某人服务不用serve for sb

16、enough + 名词形容词＋enough

enough money 足够多的钱big enough 足够大

17、invite sb to somewhere 邀请某人去某处

invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事

18、never mind = it doesn’t matter没关系

19、what a pity 太遗憾了

feel pity for sb = have pity on sb 同情某人

I pity you 。我可怜你。

20、later on 在过些时候

He will call me up later on 。过些时候他会给我打电话。

later on 后来（用于过去时中）

一段时间＋later 、、、之后 two days later 两天之后

sooner or later 迟早see you later 一会儿

half an hour later 半个小时后

21、in ＋一段时间（用在将来时句子中

22、we hope they could make it successful. 我们希望他们能够成功。

（句子中的could 不能换成can）

23、打电话中的常用句子

1）may I speak to Tom ? 叫tom 接电话，好吗？

2）I’d like speak to Tom . 我想让tom接电话。

3）I’ll call back later. 我再过些时候再回电话。

4）This is Tom speaking. 我是tom。

5）I can’t hear you . 我没听清楚。

6）Hold the line ./ Hold on , please. 请稍等。

7）The line is bad/busy. 线路坏了。

8）I couldn’t get through. 我打不通。

24、try to do sth. 试图做某事。try doing sth 试着干某事

25、be pleased to do sth 高兴做某事

be pleased with sth 对、、、满意

26、keep up 使某物保持Keep up the good work。继续好好干。

keep doing sth 一直做某事（表示动作的持续）

keep on doing sth （表示动作的反复）

keep sb / sth doing sth 让某人/持续做某事让某事持续进行

keep out 不让人入内

keep up with 跟上

27、in order (not) to do sth in order that + 句子＝so that + 句子

28、supply sb with sth = supply sth to sb 给某人提供某物

29、一些little / a little +不可数名词few / a few +可数名词

little、few 用于否定句 a little、a few 用于肯定句

30、喜爱enjoy （具有满足感）、be fond of (对、、、感兴趣)

go in for (习惯于)

31、What he needs is a good meal. 他所需要的是一顿美餐。

32、win 赢得beat 打败

Topic 2

1．重点词汇和短语：cut，oil，add，pork，ham，deep，cooker，immediately，advantage，butter，pear，patient，heat，spoon，somebody，course，southern，be

proud of，well done，cut up，be tired of，pour．．．over，help oneself to，table ，manners，at the table，on sb．’s lap，start with，in one’s right hand，around the world，pick up：,at

the same time

2．语法：(1)宾语从句（whether与if的用法）。(2)不定式作主语。

3.重点句型：(1)I'm glad that you are trying to help others. (2)It's very kind of you.

(3)Well done! (4)Cooking is fun! (5)Could you tell me how to make it?

(6)Would you mind if I learn to make it from you? (7)There’s no need．

(8)When you sit down at the table，take your napkin and put it on your lap．

(9)The dinner always starts with a small dish．

(10)Maybe you don’t know whether it's polite or not to speak loudly at the table．

(11)Remember not to drink too much．

(12)If you can’t remember these rules，just do as other people do．

(13)People around the world have different eating habits．

(14)Do you know if people in the south of China eat noodles?

二、重点短语和语法

1、help others 帮助别人

2、be proud of = take pride in 因、、、而自豪

3、kind adj。善良的be kind to sb 对某人友好n. 意为“种类”。

A kind of 一种many kinds of 许多种all kinds of 各种各样的

Different kinds of 不同种类的of a kind 同一种类的

4、

Topic 3

1．重点词汇和短语：sale，satisfy，menu，wine，bill，salad，coke，lemonade，worth．effort。realize，on sale，kind—hearted，take order，soft drink，main course，

be healthy，healthy eating，balanced diet

2．语法：(1)副词的比较级和最高级。(2)继续学习宾语从句。

3．重点句型及交际用语：

(1)I hope everyone has a wonderful time!

(2)Many different delicious foods are on sale，such as fried rice，meat pie，and Indian curries．

(3)We’ll try to satisfy all the guests．(4)The students are so kind—hearted．

(5)Enjoy yourselves! (6)Here is a table for two．(7)May I take your order?

(8)May I have the bill? (9)Here’s your change．( 10)Could I order the meal by phone?

(11)I'll e—mail you one．(12)we’ll send the food to you in twenty minutes·

(13)And I think you will be happier than all the students．

(14)I don't think I can eat it very neatly! (15)Michael cuts more finely than she／her。

(16)Also，We should never eat too much or too little．

(17)Second，it's very important for us to keep a balanced diet。

(18)It's said that half of all students don't have a regular breakfast or don't eat anything at all in the morning．。

(19)Finally，we must realize that we should eat not only our favorite food but also healthy food．

(20)Not all students have a regular breakfast．

(21)The more regularly we eat，the healthier we are．

Unit 7 topic3

1. have a wonderful / good/ nice / time = enjoy oneself 意为“过得愉快，玩得开心”。

Have a good journey 旅途愉快

Have an accident 出事故

Have a drink of orange 喝杯橘子汁

Have a fight with 和（某人）打架（战斗）

Have a fire 生火

Have nothing to do with 和…无关

Have a look at 看一看

Have no idea 不知道

Have a word with sb. 和某人说句话

2. hope 和wish 的连系与区别

hope 一般侧重于表达有可能实现的愿望，故常译为“希望”。

Wish 一般侧重于表达不大可能实现或根本不考虑是否可能实现的愿望，故常译为“但愿”。相同点：

1）表示“想”、“希望”时，均接不定式做宾语。如：

I hope （wish）to come tomorrow。我希望（但愿）明天能来。

2）均可与for 连用。如：

Let’s hope for the best。让我们尽量往好处想。

He wishes for a dictionary。他想得到一本词典。

不同点：

1) hope 和wish均可接宾语从句。Wish常用虚拟语气，表示一种无法实现的或不真实的愿望；而hope 用陈述语气，表示很有把握实现或得到。如：

I wish I were bird 。但愿我是一只鸟。

I hope she won’t come together 。我不希望她今晚来。

2）wish 后通常接“宾语+不定式（宾补）”，而hope 不行，如：

My parents wish （不用hope）me to grew up quickly 。我父母希望我快快长大。

3）wish 可接双宾语，表示“祝愿”，而hope 不能。如：

I wish （不用hope）you well and happy。我祝你健康幸福。

4）作简略回答时，hope 后可用替代词so 或not ，而wish 不能。如：

——will it be fine tomorrow？明天会是晴天吗？——I hope so。我希望是（晴天）。

——can we be late for class ？我们上课会迟到吗？——I hope not 。我想不会。

3. （1）on sale 意为“出售，上市”

The new model will be on sale next month 。新款下月上市。

（2）such as …表示例举；for example …表示举例说明，常用逗号隔开。如：

I like drinks such as tea and soda。我喜欢诸如茶和汽水之类的饮料。

For example ，john has the same opinion 。比如约翰就有相同的看法。

4. （1）satisfy 是及物动词，表示“使….满意”。如：

The answer won’t satisfy her。那个答案不会使她满意的。

（2）be satisfied with 对…感到满意。如：

She is satisfied with her son’s progress 。她对儿子的进步感到满意。

5. （1）a table for tow 意为“一张两人桌”。

（2）这句是倒装句，其结构为“副词here /there / now / then等+come / go / be等动词的一般现在时+名词”。

6. order的用法

1) 作不可数名词时，常与in 连用，意为“整齐；顺序；有条理”。

In the right （wrong）order 整齐有序（零乱无章）

In good （bad）order 整齐（不整齐）

2）作可数名词时，常与for 连用，意为“定购；订货；定货单”。

He placed an order for ten boxes of apples。他定购了10箱苹果。

3）作动词时，意为“定购；点（菜等）”。

Could I order the meal by phone？我可以通过电话订餐吗？

4）词组或短语：

Keep order 维持秩序in order 整齐，有条理in order to …为了…，以便…

Out of order 不整齐，无秩序

7. smell 动词，意为“闻起来”，用作系动词，后面跟形容词。

类似的单词有：look （用眼睛）看上去….；feel （用心或手脚）感到….，觉得；taste （用嘴巴）尝起来…；sound （用耳朵）听起来…。还有get ，turn，become 等。这类词大部分兼有动词与系动词的作用。如：

You look very nice 。你看上去很漂亮。

8. have the bill 意为“付账”。类似的词组有: get/ play the bill

9. change 不可数名词，意为“（找回的）零钱，找头”。

He gave me two dollars change。他找给我2美元。

Change 的用法：

1）作可数名词时，意为“改变；变化；更换；调换”。

I’m going to make some changes in this room 。我打算在这个房间里做些变动。

2）作动词时，意为“改变；改造；交换；调换”。

She has changed the mind。她已经改变主意了。

10.常见的合成词：short-sighted 近视的，眼光短浅的；short-handed 人手短缺的；

Light-hearted 心情轻松的；narrow-minded 心胸狭窄的；cold-blooded 冷血的；

Deep-seated 牢固的；good-tempered 脾气好的；old-fashioned 老式的。

11.hold the festival 举行美食节；hold a meeting 举行会议；hold on 继续；抓住不放；（打电话）不挂断；hold one’s breath屏息，不出声；hol d one’s head high 趾高气扬；hold out 伸出；提供；hold with 赞同；赞成；

12. send to …把…送到…；send for 派人去请；send sb. In 派某人去（应付困难局面）；Send up 发射；发出；把…送上去。

2）in + 一段时间，意为多久之后，用于将来时。

词组：in a minute 一会儿，立刻；in a short while 不久；in a hurry 匆匆忙忙；in danger 在危急中；in front 在前面；in front of 在…..的前面；in full 全部的；in line 排成一行；

In public 当众；公开地；in surprise 惊奇地；in time 及时；in the end 最后；in the open air 在户外；in trouble 处在困难中

13. the results were worth the effort 付出总有回报；

14.go well 进展顺利；go ahead 开始，继续；go back 返回，追溯到；go by 经过（时间，地点）；go down 下降，降低；go on 发生，继续；go out 出去，离家；go over 查看，仔细检查；go through 经受，经历；

15.1）be worth sth. 值…钱，相当于….的价值；

2）be worth doing sth. 值得做某事；

16.副词的比较级

1.规则变化：1).单音节词和少数双音节词①. 一般情况在词尾加-er ，-est 如：

Hard harder hardest fast faster fastest

②. 以字母e 结尾的，只加-r ，-st 如：late later latest

③. 以辅音字母加y 结尾的，先改y 为I ，再加– er ，-est 如：early earlier earliest

2)多音节和部分双音节词，在词前加more most 如：quickly more quickly most quickly slowly more slowly most slowly

注意：由形容词通过加后缀-ly 派生出来的副词的比较级和最高级加more most 。

2.不规则变化：如：well better best far further furthest

17. （1）副词原级的用法：甲+谓语（行为动词）+as+副词的原级+as +乙

Tom studies as hard as jim 汤姆和吉姆学习一样努力。

（2）副词比较级的用法：甲+谓语（行为动词）+副词的比较级+than +乙

Lily wrote more carefully than lucy 莉莉写得比露西更认真

A．副词的比较级前也可以用：even，still ，a lot，far ，much ，a little，等副词修饰。Liping ran much faster than liming 。李平比李明跑的快得多。

B．表示“越…越….”时用“the +副词比较级，the +形（副）词比较级”

The more regularly we eat ，the healthier we are。我们吃的越有规律，我们就越健康。(3) 副词最高级的用法：主语+谓语（行为动词）+副词的最高级+in/of范围。

Kangkang cuts the most finely （of all）.康康切的最精细。

（4）副词最高级转换成比较级时，被比较的对象应用“any other +单数名词”或“the other +复数名词”，排除主语本身。如：mark works hardest in his class。马克在班上学习最刻苦。Mark works harder than any other student in his class。马克在班上学习最刻苦。

Mark works harder than the other students in his class。马克比他班上其他学生学习刻苦。18. better late than never 迟到总比不来的好

It is never too late to mend 改过不嫌晚

19. too much 太多，修饰不可数名词，反义词组为too little 太少。

He ate too much food 。他吃得太多。

Too many 太多，修饰可数名词。

20. it is said that … 意为据说或听说….

It 代替that 从句，it 在这里是形式主语，无词义。

It is known that … 众所周知…；it is reported that 据报道；it is believed that 人人都相信；it is though that 人们认为

21. not 与all ，everything ，everyone ，everybody ，both 引导词连用时，表示部分否定，

而非全否定。

若表示全否定，则可用none ，nothing ，no one ，nobody ，neither 等。

Unit 8 topic 1

1. 1）so …that …如此…以至于….，that 引导的是结果状语从句，其结构是so +形容词或副词+that 从句。

2）so…that …可以换成such +（a/an）+形容词+名词。

2. would like 作为一个固定结构后接名词，代词，不定式作宾语，也可以用不定式作宾补，表示想要的意思。

1）would like sth. 想要某物；I would like some rice and pork 。我想要一些米饭和猪肉。2）would like to do sth. 想要做某事。

3）would like sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事。

Would like = want 想要

4. be 为助动词，made 是及物动词make 的过去分词，of 后接宾语，be made of 的主语通常为成品。Be made from 后的原材料则看不出，be made in 主语是成品，介词in 后为产地，be made into 主语为原材料，介词into 后接成品。

The table is made of wood 。这桌子是由木头制成的。（可以看出原材料）

Paper is made from wood 。纸是由木材制成的。（看不出原材料）

The comb is made in hong kong 。这把梳子是香港制造的。

Iron is made into knives 。铁可以制成小刀。

5. afford 常接在can ，could ，be able to 之后，意为担负的起（…的费用，损失，后果等）；抽的出（时间）。Afford 还有提供，给予，出产的意思。

6. on sale 上市；折价出售，减价出售。

For sale 待售，供出售。

7. （1）though 是从属连词，引导让步状语从句，和连词but 不能连用，但翻译时需译为但是。如：though Australia is very larger ，the population is quite small。虽然澳大利亚面积很大，但是人口却很少。

（2）such as 像，诸如，例如（用于举例）。

Opportunities such as this did not come every day 。这样的机会不是天天都有的。

8. （1）.like 是名词，意为喜好，爱好，反义词为dislike

We all have different like and dislike ，我们各有不同的好恶。

（2）depend on 意为依靠，依赖，随…而定，取决于。

The country depend on its tourist trade 。这个国家主要依靠旅游业。

It/that depends （口语）那得看情况。

Depend on sb./sth. 。依靠某人，信赖某人某事

Depend on sb.to do sth./doing sth.。指望某人做某事。

Depend on = depend upon

9. generally 通常，一般的，一般放在句首。

While 用于对比两件事物，意为然而…

The same …as … 与…一样

10. catch one’s eye 引起某人的注意。

11. It is said that… 据说

12. start doing sth. 开始做某事start to do sth. 开始去做（另外）某事

begin doing sth. 开始做某事begin to do sth. 开始去做某事

remember doing sth. 记得做过某事remember to do sth. 记得要做某事

forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事

try doing sth. 试着做某事try to do sth. 努力去做某事

stop doing sth. 停止做某事stop to do sth. 停下来去做（另外的）某事

13. protect sb. /sth. From sth. 保护…使免于…

14. （1）keep sb. /sth. +adj. 保持某人或某事怎么样

Please keep the windows open 。请让窗户开着

keep sb. /sth. Doing sth. 让某人持续做某事；让某事持续进行。

I’ll try not to keep you waiting 。我会尽量不让你就等。

（2）keep （on）doing sth. 继续或重复做某事。

I keep forgetting to mail this letter 。我老是忘记寄出这封信。

Keep at 继续做；keep away from 不接近；。

15.more than +adj. ，不只是；比….更多。

Topic 2

1. make sth.制作某物。

Did you make that dress yourself ？那件衣服是你自己做的吗？

Make 与do 的区别：两者都有“做”的意思。Make 表示做出以前并不存在的事物如：paper is made from wood 。纸是由木材做成的。而do 是强调动作。如:

What are you doing ?你在做什么？

2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事。

allow doing sth. 允许做某事。

3. it is +adj. +that 从句。

4. show sth. 展示某物。

Show sb. sth.= show sth. to sb. 把…指给….看，出示。

5. agree with …同意…；agree to do sth. 同意去做某事；agree that …同意…

6. stop …from doing sth. 阻止…做某事，相当于keep/prevent…from doing sth.

7. take off 脱下，脱掉，起飞

your socks are very dirty ，please take them off 。你的袜子很脏，请脱下来。

The plane will take off in an hour。飞机将在一个小时后起飞。

8. it is +adj. +that 从句，it 是形式主语，真正的主语是由that 引导的从句。

9. on every occasion 在每一个场合，occasion 为可数名词。

10. dress 给…穿上衣服。Put on 表示穿（戴）上的动作，wear 后接衣、袜、鞋、帽或手表、眼镜、饰物等；have …on…不能用进行时；be in …接服装、材料、颜色等；in …还可作定语；dress sb /oneself 给别人/自己穿衣服；dressed sb in …给某人穿上…衣服；dress up （sb.）（in…）着装，打扮，可分开用。

11. but 除…之外，常用于all ，no，nobody，nothing ，anywhere ，what ，who，where 之后，意为除…外什么也没有。

12. but 和except 的区别：两者用法大体相同，可互换使用，但当介词短语放在句首或句尾时，通常用except 。在anybody ，anything ，anywhere 之后，but 的语气比except 强。

13. protect 是及物动词，后可直接跟名词或代词，意为保护，防护。

I will protect your child when he is in danger 。当你的孩子遇到危险时，我会保护他。

14. 比较see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事.

See sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事了.

如: I saw the boy climbing the wall. 我看见小孩在爬墙.(强调爬墙的情景)

I saw the boy climb the wall. 我看见小孩爬墙了.(强调爬墙这件事)

15. write (a litter)to sb. 给某人写信;

hear from sb.=get /receive a letter from

16. give sb. some advice 给某人一些建议.

17. follow / take sb. ’s advice 听从/采纳某人的意见.

18.tell sb. about /of sth. 告诉某人关于某事.

19.had better do sth. 最好做某事,后面接动词原形.

had better 后跟省to 的不定式,否定形式had better not do…

20.advice sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事. advice 做名词使用时是不可数名词

Could you please give me some advice?

21.in 穿着,戴着. In a dark color 穿着暗色;in warm color 穿着暖色.

22.go well 正常运转,顺利. I hope you will go well. 我希望你一切顺利.

23.it is +adj.+ for sb. +to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是…

It is important for us to learn English well = It is important that we must learn English well . 对我们来说学好英语是重要的.

24. well – known 众所周知,著名的,出名的.相当于famous

For 某人以某种知识,技能或特征出名

25. 人+be famous

As 某人以某种身份出名

For 以某种特产而出名

26. 地方+famous

As 以什么样的产地或地方而出名

Be famous for 后的介词宾语是主语的所属内容; be famous as 后的介词宾语与主语是同位成分.

Topic 3

1. fashion show 时装表演; on show 展出,陈列; for show 供展览的,装门面的,中看不中用的; good show 好,真棒; a show of hands 举手表决.

2. there is / are going to be +… 是一个固定句型,其中be 不能用其他动词代替.

3. here ,there 引导的倒装句只是主谓语序倒装,而there be 表示存在有

There goes the man .那人走了.

There is a man standing over there .有一个人站在那儿.

4. 形容词作定语与介词短语作定语的区别:

An interesting book 一本有趣的书(形容词修饰名词)

A book on the desk 桌子上的一本书(介词短语修饰名词)

5. a traditional dress 传统服装; traditional Chinese medicine 中医; traditional music 传统音乐.

6. another 作形容词时,意为又一个,再一个,其结构为:

Another +单数名词

Another +数词+复数名词= 数词+more +复数名词

7. be full of 充满….的,相当于be filled with .；fill …with 把…装满。

8. stand for 代表，象征。

9.get its name 得名。

10.not only …but also …不但… 而且…，通常连接两个对等成分，可以连接名词、动词、介

词短语等。

11.design …as… 把…设计成….

12.in the past 在过去，相当于in the old days

13.around the world 全世界，相当于all over the world 。

14.at one time 曾经，一度，相当于at a time 。

15.hardly 几乎不，表示否定概念，相当于almost not

16.except 指从整体中除去一个或一部分，除去的人或物不在整体内。

Besides 指在具体的整体外加上一个或一部分，意为：除…之外，还有….

But 和except 都可以表示除…之外，都表示从整体中除去部分，常可以换用，但except 所含除外语气较强。but 着重在整体，常用在no，all，nobody，where，who等词后。

动名词用法归纳：

finish doing sth, feel like doing sth. Practice doing sth. Enjoy doing sth. Mind doing sth. Avoid doing sth. Spend …(in) doing sth. Can’t help doing sth.（情不自禁的做某事）

动词不定式用法归纳：

want to do sth. invite sb. to do sth.

be able to do sth. would like to do sth. seem to do sth.

plan to do sth. teach sb. to do sth. have to do sth.

need to do sth. Wish to do sth. hope to do sth.

begin to do sth, start to do sth. be used to do sth.

be afraid to do sth. refuse to do sth.

ask sb. to do sth. ask sb. not to do sth.

tell sb. to do sth. tell sb. not to do sth.

advise sb. to do sth. can’t wait to do sth.

allow sb. to do sth. Allow sb. not to do sth.

省略to的动词不定式

Make sb. do sth. Have sb. do sth. Let sb. do sth.

Why not do sth. Had better (not) do sth

●Be +形容词+to do sth.

Be glad to do sth. Be sorry to do sth. Be happy to do sth. Be meaningful to do sth.

Find it +形容词+to do sth. 发现做某事是。。。。的

●连接动词-ing的固定搭配

have trouble (in ) doing sth. have fun doing sth.

spend …..(in) doing sth

Thank sb. for doing sth. what about doing sth. How about doing sth.

be busy doing sth. advise doing sth

suggest doing sth . suggest sb. doing sth

look forward to doing sth.

复合句：

1. 并列句用and 连接并列或承接关系

We will have a test tomorrow and I always get nervous before a test.

They were very cute and we couldn’t help watching them.

用but 连接表转折关系