初三英语学习资料
学习目标
1．掌握简单句的五种基本句型。
2．掌握本单元的词汇、短语及重点句型，掌握有关食品的词汇。
3．熟练表达同意与不同意。
4．掌握表示邀请与应答的日常交际英语。
5．了解和掌握一些国家的饮食习惯和所喜爱的食品。
重点讲解
词汇辨析
1. a few / a little / a bit
（1）上述三者都有名词的功能，在句中作主语或宾语。如：
A little is better than nothing. 少胜于无。
I have no juice. Please give me a little. 我没桔汁，请给我一点。
（2）三者可用作形容词作定语。区别为：a few修饰可数名词的复数形式。如：Mrs. Smith gave me a few flowers.史密斯太太给了我几朵花。a little 与a bit均可修饰不可数名词，但a little能直接放在名词前，a bit则须与of构成短语后再接名词。如：There’s still a little / a bit of milk in the bottle. 瓶子里还有点牛奶。
（3）a little, a bit还可作程度副词（a few则不行），用来修饰形容词、副词，也可用来修饰动词，通常能相互换用。如：
That boy is a little / a bit hungry.那男孩有点饿。
（4）a little, a bit与not连用时，意义却不同。not a little表示肯定意义，相当于very, greatly，作―很、非常‖讲，而not a bit是加强否定的语气，相当于―not…at all‖, 作―一点儿也不‖解。如：
She is not a little good at music. 她很擅长音乐。
She is not a bit good at music. 她一点儿也不擅长音乐。
2. seem / look
（1）这两个动词都可作―看起来‖解，但look着重于视觉得出的印象，seem暗示有一定根据，这种判断往往接近事实。在搭配上两者都可接形容词或带有形容词修饰的名词、动词不定式to be、过去分词、介词短语。如：
He looks / seems fine. 他看上去很健康。
The girl looked / seemed to be very ill. 那女孩看上去病得很重。
（2）在下列几种情况下只能用seem, 不能用look。
A．后面接动词不定式to do时。如：
The man seemed to know all the students in our class. 这个人似乎认识我们班所有学生。
B．用于It seems that…结构时。如：
It seemed that he missed the train. 看来他没赶上火车。
C．用于There seems +to do结构时。如：
There seems to be something wrong with your TV set. 你的电视机好像有毛病。
3. both / all
这两个词都可用作代词，形容词和副词，意为―全部、都‖。然而，它们使用的范围不同。
（1）both用来指两个人或物，当代替名词时谓语动词要用复数形式，其位置一般在行为动词之前，be动词、情态动词、助动词之后。如：
Both of the cities are very beautiful. 这两个城市都很美丽。
Kate and Emma both went to the cinema last Sunday. 凯特和埃玛上星期天都去看电影了。
（2）all指三个或三个以上的人或物，其位置与both相同。如：
The visitors were all from the USA. 游客们都来自美国。
The students all arrived there on time. 学生们都按时到达那里了。
（3）both与and连用，构成关联词，意为―双方都，不但……而且……‖。如：
She can both sing and dance. 她不但会唱歌，而且会跳舞。
句型分析
1. They eat a lot of potatoes. So do we. 他们吃大量的土豆。我们也是。
potato的复数形式是potatoes，同tomato；它既可以用a lot of修饰，也可以用many修饰。So do we是一个倒装结构，其结构形式是―So + 助动词（系动词、情态动词）+主语‖，so的意思是―也‖。助动词（系动词、情态动词）一般与前面句子的谓语以及本句主语保持一致。如果前面没有助动词（系动词、情态动词），so后面用do, does或did。如：
I like hamburgers. So does he.我喜欢吃汉堡包，他也喜欢。
She has lunch at school. So do I. 她在学校吃午饭，我也是。
So的这种用法只能出现在肯定句中，而且so的后面一般不能使用完整的动词短语（即：助动词+主要动词）或完整的句子。
2. He made us laugh. 他使我们大笑。
make sb. do sth 意思是―使某人做某事‖。make在此作使役动词，意思是―使……（发生）‖，其后常跟不带to 的动词不定式或形容词作宾补。例如：
Every day he made one of the smaller animals bring him something to eat.每天他都叫一个小动物去给他找来一些吃的东西。
He made me do it. 他让我做这件事。
We'll make our country stronger and stronger. 我们要使我们的国家越来越强大。
laugh意思是―（大）笑；发笑‖，laugh at意思是―嘲笑，取笑；因……而发笑‖。如：
It’s not good to laugh at others. 取笑别人不好。
3. Chocolate is good for your health. 吃巧克力对你的身体有益。
短语be good for的意思是―对…有益‖，其反义短语是be bad for。另外，请注意be good at 的用法。试比较：
Swimming is good for health. 游泳对身体健康有益。
He is good at swimming. 他擅长游泳。（be good at是―擅长……，在……方面学得好‖。）
4. Do you think it is good to do some housework? 你认为做家务好吗？
这是一个―主+谓+宾‖的句子，宾语是一个从句（it is good to do some housework），该句型：it is +形容词+to do sth.中真正的主语是to do sth., it 只是一个形式主语。如果要说明是谁来执行后面to do的动作，就要改成：it is+形容词+for sb. to do sth. 的形式。如：
It’s nice to see you again. 很高兴再次见到你。
It’s hard for him to finish the work in a short time. 他很难在短时间内完成这项工作。
5. . . .because my parents both work, ……因为我父母两个人都工作。
both表示―两个都‖，只用于两个人或两件事物。用在复数名词前面，动词用复数形式。其反义词为neither；表示三个或三个以上（人或物）用all。
Both these books are useful. 这两本书都有用。
I want both of them. 两个我都要。
6. It seems that American fast food is the most popular in the world.
似乎美国的快餐是世界上最流行的。
这句话相当于：American fast food seems the most popular in the world.
seem作联系动词时，意思是―似乎，好像‖，不可用于进行时，其后常跟形容词、动词不定式或从句。如：
This book seems quite interesting. 这本书好像很有趣。
He seemed to be right. 似乎他是对的。
It seems that he is worried about his son. 似乎他在为他儿子担心。
7. Either my father or my mother cooks dinner on weekdays. 平时不是我爸爸就是我妈妈做饭。
either作形容词或代词时意思是―（两者之中）任一的‖，谓语动词用单数形式，either…or…意思是―或者……或者……；不是……就是……‖，连接主语时，谓语动词根据or后的主语而定。如：
There are many flowers on either side of the street. 街道两旁有许多花。
I don't like either of the films. 这两个电影我都不喜欢。
Either you or I am wrong. 不是你错，就是我错。
either作副词，用于否定句，意思是―也（不）‖。例如：If you will not speak at the meeting this afternoon, I won't either. 今天下午开会你要是不发言，我也不发言。
8. Neither dad nor my brother helps. 我爸爸和哥哥都不帮忙。
neither意思是―（两者）都不‖，nor意思是―也不‖，neither. . . nor. . .意为―既不……也不……‖ 连接主语时，谓语动词根据nor后的主语而定。如：
Neither boy is late for class. 两个男孩都没上学迟到。
—Which of the two do you like? 这两上你喜欢哪一个？
—Neither. 哪一个都不喜欢。
Neither the father nor the son is healthy. 父子二人身体都不好。
9. Would you like anything else? 你还想要点甜的东西吗？
A. Would you like…?是一种比较婉转的征求对方意见或询问对主是否喜欢的日常用语，后面常用some来表达肯定的愿望，希望自己所说的内容对方能给予肯定的答复。如：
–Would you like some tea with sugar?你愿意喝茶时放点糖吗？
–Sure, thanks.当然愿意啦，谢谢。
B. anything pron. 任何事物，常用于否定句／疑问句，如：
I don't want anything to write. 我不想写什么东西。
Do you have anything to cook?你有什么要煮的东西吗？
与anything相对应的是something，某物，某事，常用于肯定句，如：
I had something to call you. 我有些事要打电话给你。 .
C. else adv. 另外，其他。置于与-thing, -one, -body等结合而成的不定代词之后。如：
Do you want anything else? 你还想要点别的吗？
We must find somebody else to do it. 我们必须找到一些其他人来做这事。
10. Mmm, it must be more delicious. 嗯，这东西一定好吃。
must在句中表示推测，意思是―一定；想必‖。用于肯定句，当它表示推测时，其否定结构是can’t, 意思是―不可能‖。如：
She must be at home now. 她现在一定在家里。
That can't be Mr. Lin. He went to Beijing yesterday. 那个不可能是蔺老师，他昨天去北京了。
must除表示推测外，还表示必要、义务或命令，译为―必须；应当‖，其否定结构为mustn’t，意思是―不许可，禁止‖等。如：
We must study hard. 我们应当努力学习。
You mustn’t play football on the road. 你不可以在马路上踢足球。
语法分析
简单句的五种基本句型
一、S+V
这种句型有两种句式：
1．主语+谓语（不及物动词）
例如：The baby can speak．这个婴儿会说话了。
2．主语+谓语（不及物动词）+状语例如：
The children are playing happily．孩子们正在高兴地玩。
二、S + V + O
这种句型中的动词（V）为及物动词，宾语（O）常为名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式等。例如：
I want a ruler. 我想要一把尺子。
They enjoy living in China．他们喜欢住在中国。
I hope to go there soon．我希望不久去那儿。
三、S + V + P
这种句型中的动词为连系动词，表语（P）常为形容词、名词、代词、介词短语等。初中阶段常见的连系动词有be，get（变），become（变得），turn（变），look（看起来），feel，smell，taste，seem等。例如：
Ann felt happy．安感到很快乐。
He is a student．他是一名学生。
The cat is in that tree．猫在那棵树上。
四、S + V + Ino + DO
这种句型中的及物动词后跟双宾语，指人的宾语称为间接宾语（InO），指物的宾语称为直接宾语（DO），通常间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后。也可把间接宾语置于直接宾语后，但间接宾语前需用介词for或to。
l．与for连用的动词有buy，get，find，cook，make，sing，choose等。例如：
My father bought me a story-book．
=My father bought a story-book for me．我父亲给我买了一本故事书。
2．与to连用的动词有give，bring，send，tell，teach，pass，return，take，lend等。例如：
Please give me your pen．
＝Please give your pen to me．请把你的钢笔给我。
3．既可与for也可与to连用的动词有bring，do，leave，play，write等。例如：
Please bring me the exercise-book tomorrow．
＝Please bring the exercise-book for／to me tomorrow. 明天请把练习本给我带来。
注意：若直接宾语是人称代词时，则必须将其置于间接宾语之前。例如：
误：Give me it，please.
正：Give it to me，please．
五、S + V + O + OC
这种句型的及物动词后的宾语还需跟上宾语补足语（OC）意思才完整，宾语和宾语补足
语合称为复合宾语。可用作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、动词不定式、现在分词、介词短语等。
1．后跟名词作宾语补足语的动词常用call，name，make，choose，think等。例如：
We can call him Jim for short．我们可以简称他为吉姆。
2．后跟形容词作宾语补足语的动词常用keep，make，find，get，think等。例如：
We must keep our classroom clean．我们必须保持我们的教室清洁。
3．动词不定式作宾语补足语有以下三种情况：
①后跟带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词常用的有ask, tell, want, teach, wish, get等。例如：
Mr. Hu asked us to talk about English name．胡老师请我们谈谈英国人的名字。
②后跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词可归纳为―一感（feel）‖、―二听（listen to，hear）‖、―三让（let，make，hay）‖、―四看（see，look at，watch，notice）‖。例如：Let me help you．让我帮助你。
I often see him play basketball on the playground. 我经常看到他在操场上打篮球。
③help后跟不定式作宾语补足语时，不定式既可带to也可不带to。例如：
Children should often help their parents（to）do some housework．孩子们应经常帮父母干些家务活儿。
4．后跟现在分词作宾语补足语的动词常用feel，listen to，hear，see，look at，watch，notice，find，keep等。例如：
We heard someone singing in the next room. 我们听到有人在隔壁唱歌。
5．后跟介词短语作宾语补足语的动词常用keep，find，take等。例如：
We found him at school．我们发现他在学校。
例1 I ______ went to shopping last week.
A. too
B. also
C. either
D. always
分析与解答：too, also, either都可作―也‖讲。too用于肯定句，一般放在句末；either用于
疑问句或否定句，放在句末；also用于肯定句，常位于be动词、助动词或情态动词之后，行为动词之前。D项在此说不通。因此，该题的正确答案为B。
例2 He can swim, and ________.
A. so do I
B. so am I
C. so can I
D. I can so
分析与解答：―so + be 动词（助动词、情态动词）+ 主语‖结构用以承接前一句的内容，表示―（甲如此），乙也如此‖。be动词、助动词、情态动词要和前一句的谓语动词保持一致。该题前句用了情态动词can, 因此，正确答案为C。
例3 —You’re a wonderful cook, Mrs. Li. Everything is so good.
—_________.
A. It’s nothing.
B. That’s all right.
C. Glad you like it.
D. No, no.
思路分析
C项的意思是―你吃得可口我很高兴‖。这与前句―你的烹调技术真好啊。菜都那么好吃。‖相吻合。
答案：C
例4 Is there ______ to eat?
A. delicious anything
B. good something
C. something nice
正确答案是C。
当形容词用来修饰anything, something, everything, nothing等词时，应放在这些词（也称不定代词）的后面。故选C。
例5 Jinhua is famous ______ its hams.
A. of
B. for
C. in
D. at
思路分析
―be famous for‖（因……而有名的），这是固定词组，如：Hangzhou is famous for the West Lake.（杭州因西湖而闻名。）
答案：B
例6 Either you or Xiao Gao _______ to do the work.
A. are
B. has
C. have
D. were
思路分析
―either…or…‖（或者……或者……；不是……就是……）是常用的固定结构，当用于连接主语时，其谓语要与邻近的那个主语一致，如：Either you or he has to do it. (不是你得做这件事，就是他得做这件事。)
答案：B
正误例析
1．秋天是我最喜欢的季节。
误：Autumn is my most favourite season.
正：Autumn is my favourite season.
解析favourite―最喜欢的‖，本身已具有最高级含义，不可再有等级的变化。
2．他为他的朋友担心。
误：He is worry about his friend.
正：He is worried about his friend.
解析worry为动词或名词时，其前不用系动词be , ―为……担心‖可用be worried about, 短语中worried为adj.作表语。
练习
词汇
A）根据首字母及后面的释义，写出完整的单词。
1. f___ known widely
2. b____ the two together; the one and also the other.
3. l____make sounds and movements of the face and the body, showing amusement, etc.
4. n____ not one and not the other of two people, things, etc; not either
5. w____ not having; not carrying
B）用所给单词的适当形式填空
6. Would you like some more ________ (tomato)?
7. ________ (Italy) like to eat pizza.
8. In big cities you can find people _______ (eat) hamburgers and chips.
9. How about ________ (help) me do the cooking?
10. Boys, help ________ (you) to some bread, please.
C）根据句意和首字母，写出单词，使句子意思完整。
11. Jim isn’t a student, Mike isn’t a student, e______
12. It s______ that he knows the way.
13. There are a few spoons in the c________.
14. They have lunch in the k________.
15. A lot of English men can't use c________ to eat Chinese food.
答案：
1.famous
2.both
https://www.360docs.net/doc/fb16885364.html,ugh
4.neither
5.without
6.tomatoes
7.Italians
8. eating
9.helping 10.yourselves 11.either 12.seems 13.cupboard 14.kitc hen 15.chopsticks
单项选择
1. When you drink hot soup, you use ________.
A. fork
B. knife
C. chopsticks
D. spoon
2. I want ________ to eat.
A. different something
B. something different
C. anything different
D. different anything
3. —Would you like some more tea?
—________
A. Yes, please
B.I would
C. No, please
D. No, I wouldn't
4. Could I have ________ cheese?
A. little
B. a little
C. a bit
D. bit of
5. She cooked the fish and chips at home. It's not______.
A. home cooking
B. take-away food
C. English food
D. Chinese food
6. _______ Mary ________ Bob is a student. They are too young and can't go to school.
A. Neither, nor
B. Both, and
C. Either, or
D. Not, and
7. You can ________ stay at home ________ go out to play.
A. either, or
B. both, and
C. so, that
D. not, as
8. Here is a bag ________ anything in it.
A. for
B. with
C. without
D. of
9. When they fried chicken, they used___________.
A. wine
B. oil
C. beer
D. tea
10. Both of the books are good. If you let me have one, ______ it OK.
A. neither
B. either
C. both
D. all
11. Pizza is a kind of ________ food.
A. Indian
B. Italian
C. Italy
D. English
12. Among the vegetables he likes ________.
A. pork
B. grapes
C. cabbages
D. butter
13. You can find people _____chips now.
A. eating
B. to eat
C. ate
D. eat
14. The cakes ________ good.
A. taste
B. make
C. cook
D. eat
15. He made us ________.
A. laugh
B. to laugh
C. laughed
D. laughing
答案：
1.D
2.B
3.A
4.B
5.B
6.A 7A 8.C 9.B 10.B 11.B 12.C 13.A 14.A 15.A 句型转换
1. Both you and I are happy. (变成否定句)
_____ you ________ I ________ happy.
2. Swimming is my favourite. （同义句转换）
My ________sport is________.
3. Let's cook something English. (变成反意疑问句)
Let's cook something English,________ ________?
4. I like chicken than any of others. （同义句转换）
I like chicken _____ ______ ______.
5. He likes cabbages. (用tomatoes改成选择疑问句)
________ he ________ cabbages ________ ________?
6. I’ll tell my father about it tomorrow. (用yesterday 改写句子)
I ________ my father about it ________.
7. This kind of food is delicious. (变成感叹句)
________ ________ this kind of food is!
8. There is something interesting in today's newspaper. （变成一般疑问句）
________ ________ _______ interesting in today's newspaper?
答案：1.Neither, nor, am 2.favourite, swimming 3.shall we 4.best of
all 5.Does, like, or, tomatoes 6.told, yesterday 7.How delicious 8.Is there anything
根据所给汉语意思完成英语句子。
1. 人们喜欢中国食品，因为它有不同的味道而且通常是非常可口的。
People enjoy _____ ______because it has ______ ______and is usually very delicious.
2. 我认为家常便饭比在野外吃纸袋食品好多了。
I think _______ ______is much nicer than the food in a paper bag in the _____ ______.
3. 在英国，最受欢迎的食品之一是鱼和炸土豆条。
In England, one of the________ ________kinds of food is _______ and
_______.
4. 在英国人们吃很多牛肉。我们也是。
In England, people eat a lot of beef. _____ ______ _____
5. 我喜欢什么也不加的中国茶。
I'd like Chinese tea________ _______ ______it, please.
6. 在工作日，或者我爸爸做饭，或者我妈妈做饭。
______my father _______my mother _______dinner _______weekdays.
答案：1.Chinese food, different tastes 2.home cooking, open air. 3. most popular, fish, chips 4.So do we 5.with nothing in 6.Either, or, cooks, on
辨别句型，在所给句子前写上句子类型的代号。
A: S + V B: S + V + O C: S+V+P D: S+V+ InO+ DO E: S+V+O+OC （）1. My parents both work.
（）2. Han Mei is a city girl.
（）3. She feeds the animals.
（）4. Either my mum or I cook supper.
（）5. Everyone should do some housework.
（）6. I bought her some books.
（）7. Pizza tastes good.
（）8. Everyone calls him Jackie.
（）9. He gave me some beef.
（）10. Neither dad nor my brother helps.
答案：1.A 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.B 6.D 7.C 8.E 9.D 10.A 补全对话，每空一词。
A: Good evening, madam.
B: 1 2 .
A: A table for two?
B: Yes. Can we 3 at the table 4 the window? A: OK. This way, please.
(At the table) Here’s the menu.
C: Thank you.
A: May I 5 your order now?
C: Yes. We’ll have chicken 6 potatoes, beef with onions, some rice and vegetable soup.
(After the meal)
B: Excuse me, could we have some coffee, please?
A: 7 , madam. Would you like anything 8 ?
C: .No, that’s 9 . Could we have the bill?
A: Of 10 .sir.
答案：1.Good 2.evening 3.sit 4.by/
near 5.take 6.with 47.Certainly 8.else 9.all 10.course
完形填空。
Different countries have different food. If you go to 1 , you may
find 2 fish and chip shops along the 3 . Fish and chips is the 4 popular take-away food in England. People often 5 this kind of food at
shops, 6 sometimes they put the food 7 paper bags and take it 8 or to their work place.
Chinese take-away food is also 9 in England .Australia and the USA, but
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2).clean the blackboard ________________ 4.she,the window,open,now.(用现在进行时连词成句.) _____________________ 5.The birds are singing in the tree.(就划线部分提问) ________________________ 6.is,who,the window,cleaning?(连词成句) ______________________ 7.The children are playing games near the house.(就划线部分提问) ________________________ 8.She is closing the door now.(改成否定句) ______________________ 9.You are doing your homework.(用"I"作主语改写句子) ______________________ 10.they,the tree,sing,now,under.(用现在进行时连词成句.) _____________________ 11.The Young Pioneers are helping the old woman.(改成一般疑问句) ______________________ II.单项选择 （）1.我在照看孩子. (A)I am looking after the baby. (B)I'm look aftering the baby.
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4 agree with sb 赞成某人 5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界 7 along with同……一道，伴随……eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树 8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的 10 ask for ……求助向…要…（直接接想要的东西） 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of 在……岁时 14 at the beginning of …………的起初；……的开始 15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾 16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候 17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信 18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时2 将来时 19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原）能够…… 21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕……
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初三上英语期末作文 Company Document number：WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998
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初三英语语法知识点归纳
初中英语语法速记口诀大全 很多同学认为语法枯燥难学，其实只要用心并采用适当的学习方法，我们就可以愉快地学会英语，掌握语法规则。笔者根据有关书目和多年教学经验，搜集、组编了以下语法口诀，希望对即将参加中考的同学们有所帮助。 一、冠词基本用法 【速记口诀】 名词是秃子，常要戴帽子， 可数名词单，须用a或an， 辅音前用a，an在元音前， 若为特指时，则须用定冠， 复数不可数，泛指the不见， 碰到代词时，冠词均不现。 【妙语诠释】冠词是中考必考的语法知识之一，也是中考考查的主要对象。以上口诀包括的意思有：①名词在一般情况下不单用，常常要和冠词连用；②表示不确指的可数名词单数前要用不定冠词a或an，确指时要用定冠词the；③如复数名词表示泛指，名词前有this，these，my，some等时就不用冠词。 二、名词单数变复数规则 【速记口诀】 单数变复数，规则要记住， 一般加s，特殊有几处： 末尾字母o，大多加s， 两人有两菜，es不离口， 词尾f、fe，s前有v和e； 没有规则词，必须单独记。 【妙语诠释】①大部分单数可数名词变为复数要加s，但如果单词以/t?蘩/、/?蘩/、/s/发音结尾(也就是单词如果以ch，sh，s，x等结尾)，则一般加es；②以o结尾的单词除了两人(negro，hero)两菜(tomato，potato) 加es外，其余一般加s；③以f或fe结尾的单词一般是把f，fe变为ve再加s；④英语中还有些单词没有规则，需要特殊记忆，如child—children，mouse—mice，deer—deer，sheep—sheep，Chinese—Chinese，ox—oxen，man—men，woman—women，foot—feet，tooth —teeth。 三、名词所有格用法 【速记口诀】 名词所有格，表物是“谁的”， 若为生命词，加“’s”即可行， 词尾有s，仅把逗号择； 并列名词后，各自和共有， 前者分别加，后者最后加； 若为无生命词，of所有格， 前后须倒置，此是硬规则。 【妙语诠释】①有生命的名词所有格一般加s，但如果名词以s结尾，则只加“’”；②并列名词所有格表示各自所有时，分别加“’s”，如果是共有，则只在最后名词加“’s”；③
初三英语上册期末考试知识点汇总
初三英语上册期末考试知识点汇总 动词不定式 一。定义： 动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能独立作谓语，但它仍保持动词的特点，既可以有自己的宾语和状语。同时动词不定式又具有名词、形容词、副词的特征，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。 二。动词不定式的构成：to+动词原形 三。动词不定式作宾语 后面能接不定式作宾语的动词有：agree，ask，choose，decide，forget， hope， learn， want， wish， would like等。 We hope to get there before dark. 我们希望天黑以前到那儿。 The girl decided to do it herself. 那个姑娘决定自己做那件事。 动词不定式作宾语的注意事项（2点） 1. 有些动词既可跟不定式作宾语，也可跟动名词作宾语，但含义不同：remember to do 记住要做某事 remember doing 记得曾经做过某事 forget to do忘记要做某事 forget doing 忘记曾经做过某事 stop to do 停下来去做某事 stop doing 停止做某事
go on to do 继续做另一件事 go on doing 继续做原来在做的事 I remember seeing you somewhere before. 我记得以前在哪儿见过你。 Please remember to turn off the light when you leave. 离开时请记得关好灯。 2. 不定式作宾语时，如带有宾语补足语，则要把不定式放到后面，用it 作形式宾语，构成“主语+动词+it+宾补（形容词、名词）+不定式”结构。 如：He found it very difficult to get to sleep. 他发现很难入睡。 四。动词不定式作宾语补足语 1. 后面能接to不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask，order，teach，tell， want， wish， help等。 The teacher told us to do Exercise 1. 老师要我们做练习一。 I want both of you to go. 我要你们俩去。 We helped her （to） repair her bike. 我们帮助她修理自行车。 2. 使役动词let， have， make及感官动词see， watch， notice， hear，feel等要以不带to的不定式作宾补。 Let‘s have a rest. 我们休息一会吧。
九年级英语 动词的时态专项讲解及练习
九年级英语动词的时态专项讲解及练习 一、初中英语动词的时态 1．This medicine _______ millions of people’s lives since it was put into use. A．is saving B．will save C．has saved D．had saved 【答案】C 【解析】 句意：这种药物自从投入使用以来已经挽救了数百万人的生命。since后跟从句，表示“自……以来”，说明的是现在的状况,判断用现在完成时态，故答案为C。 2．The girl is amazed at the beauty of Wuxi. She said she ____________ here for another two weeks. A．stayed B．has stayed C．would stay D．had stayed 【答案】C 【解析】句意：女孩对无锡的美景感到惊讶。她说她将在这里再呆两个星期。此句考查宾语从句的时态，当主句是一般过去时的时候（客观真理除外），从句要用过去时态的某种形式，排除B；根据“for another two weeks.”再呆两个星期的时间，属于将来的时间，因为主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去将来时来表达，答案为C。 点睛：含有宾语从句的复合句，主、从句谓语动词的时态呼应包括以下三点内容： 1）如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据需要，选用相应的任何时态。 2）如果主句的谓语动词是过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词只可根据需要，选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式。 3）如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句用什么时态，从句时态都用一般现在时。 3．I don’t know if it _________ tomorrow. If it _____________, we will do some cleaning at home. A．snows; will snow B．will snow; snows C．will snow; will snow D．snows; snows 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：我不知道明天是否会下雪。如果下雪,我们就在家做清洁工作。考查动词时态辨析。前句if意思是“是否”，引导宾语从句，tomorrow（明天）用于一般将来时，从句动词需用“will +原形动词”结构，可排除AD两项；后句if意思是“如果”，引导条件状语从句，时态遵循主将从现原则，可排除C项。根据句意结构和语境，可知选B。 4．I _______ a picnic with my brother last Sunday. It was great. A．have B．had
初中英语八大时态总结
初中英语八大时态总结 一、一般现在时 具体情况（主要用于下面几情况） 1) 描述当前时间内经常出现、反复发生的动作或存在的状态。 在这种情景中，句子常带有表示频率的时间状语：always , everyday , often , once a week (month , year , etc.) , sometimes , seldom , usually等等，以表示句中的动作或状态是习惯性的、经常性的。例如： They raise ducks as a sideline .他们以养鸭为副业。 It seldom rains here .这儿很少下雨。 2）仅为了描述状态、性质、特征、能力等等。 这里的目的是为了"描述现阶段的动作或状态"，其重点"不是强调动作发生的时间、或进行的状态"。例如： He can speak five foreign languages .他能说五种外语。 That is a beautiful city .那是座美丽的城市。 3) 陈述客观事实、客观真理。 顾名思义，客观的情况是"没有时间概念"的；也"不会在意动作进行的状态"。例如： The sun rises in the east .日出东方。 4) 根据英文语法规定，当主句的谓语动词是一般将来时，那么时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。例如： I'll tell him the news when he comes back. 他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。 *【用于一般现在时的副词，除了上面提到的一些表示频率的以外，常见的还有：now, today , nowadays等等】 二、一般过去时 具体情况（主要用于下面几情况） 1.主要是用来描述在过去某个时候发生的动作或存在的状态。它也可以用来表示在过去某段时间里经常发生的习惯性动作。 例：I was very thin in my childhood. 2.一般过去时由谓语动词的过去式表示，也就是说动词词末要加-ed（除不规则动词外）。常和一般过去时连用的过去时间状语有：last night (week ,month , year , century , etc.) , yesterday , the day before yesterday , yesterday morning ( afternoon , evening ) , in 1999 , two hours ago ( one week ago , tree years ago , …)等等。 例：Did you meet yesterday? He left just now. 3.使用一般过去时，在某种意义上说就是要强调动作或状态发生或存在于过去的某个时候。"过去"的时间概念有两层意思：一是指"现在某个时间"以前的时间；二是指"说话、写文章的那个时间点"以前的时间 He got his driving license last month. 他上个月拿到了驾照。