英美概况题库(美国部分)
The United States
I. Choose the correct answer.
1. In area, the United States is the c largest country in the world.
a. 2nd
b. 3rd
c. 4th
d. 5th
2. The Midwest in the US refers to the region d .
a. west of the Mississippi Valley
b. west of the Appalachian Mountains
c. east of the Rocky Mountains
d. around the Great Lakes and the upper Mississippi Valley.
3. The Backbone of North America refers to the b .
a. Appalachian Mountains
b. Rocky Mountains
c. the Rocky Mountains
d. Sierra Nevada Mountains
4. Death Valley is on the western edge of a .
a. the Great Basin
b. California
c. the Rocky Mountains
d. the Sierra Nevada Mountains
5. Which region might have a dust storm in summer? c
a. The Deep South.
b. The Middle West.
c. The Great Plains
d. The Central Valley of California.
6. Which area has the highest rainfall in the US? b
a. The region around the Great Lakes.
b. The western part of Washington State.
c. The Middle Atlantic states.
d. The Central Valley of California.
7. The US primary suppliers of foreign oil are the following countries except
b .
a. Canada
b. Japan
c. Venezuela
d. Saudi Arabia
8. The US largest open-pit copper-mining center is in b .
a. California
b. Utah
c. Montana
d. South Dakota
9. The over 3 million of early Americans in 1790 were mostly of ancestry. c
a. Spanish
b. French
c. British
d. Dutch
10. How many immigrants were legally received by the US each year during the 1980s? b
a. About 270,000.
b. About 700,000.
c. About 675,000.
d. About 800,000
11. The official racial segregation continued to be the law of the US until
d .
a. 1860
b. 1863
c. 1918
d. 1954
12. American Indians now mainly live in the a .
a. South
b. West
c. Midwest
d. Northeast
13. The majority of American Hispanics are from the following countries except c .
a. Mexico
b. Cuba
c. Spain
d. Puerto Rico
14. According to the text, which region now leads in percentage increase in population? c
a. The Northeast.
b. The Great Plains.
c. The South.
d. The West.
15. According to the 1994 US census, the second most populous state in the
US is c .
a. California
b. New York
c. T exas
d. Washington
16. The trend in migration from cities to suburbs now prevailed in all region
b .
a. the Northeast
b. the South
c. the Midwest
d. the West
17. According to the text, the ancestors of the present American Indians came from c .
a. Europe
b. Africa
c. Asia
d. Mongolia
18. Which is not correct to explain the reasons for the sudden daring exploration of the unknown in the mid-15th century? a
a. The ambition for the cast lands.
b. The strong desire for Eastern goods.
c. The improvements in navigation and naval architecture.
d. The great spirit of adventure started by the Renaissanc
e.
19. On his voyage of 1492, Columbus expected to reach c .
a. the New world
b. the West Indies
c. India
d. America
20 Among the following navigators who discovered the route to India? b
a. Christopher Columbus.
b. Vasco da Gama.
c. Bartholoneu Diaz.
d. Ferdinand Magellan.
21. Who was sent by the English King to explore the new way to the East? b
a. Jacques Cartier.
b. John Cabot.
c. Bartholeneu Diaz.
d. Ferdinand Magellan.
22. Which colony in the following was not founded first by the English? c
a. Virginia.
b. Massachusetts.
c. New York
d. Georgia.
23. The breadbasket colonies include the following ones except
d .
a. New York
b. Pennsylvania
c. Maryland
d. Virginia
24. The last one fo the 13 colonies was c , which was
established in 1733.
a. North Carolina
b. South Carolina
c. Georgia
d. Maryland
25. There was a great change in British policy towards the 13 colonies after .
a. 1760
b. 1763
c. 1764
d. 1767
26. Which Act first set a large scale of opposition in the colonies? b
a. The Sugar Act of 1764.
b. The Stamp Act of 1765.
c. The Quartering Act of 1765.
d. The T ea Act
27. The T ea Act of 1773 was passed by the British Parliament in order to
c .
a. get more money from the colonies
b. provide cheap tea for the American consumers
c. help the British East India Company
d. monopolize the American tea business
28. The First Continental Congress was attended by the representatives from all the colonies except d .
a. Delaware
b. Pennsylvania
c. Massachusetts
d, Georgia
29. The first shot of the American War of Independence was fired in
b .
a. Concord
b. Lexington
c. Philadelphia
d. Boston
30. Thomas Paine’s Common Sense urged the American colonists to
d .
a. abolish slavery in the colonies
b. continue a shipping trade with England
c. win independence through peaceful means
d. declare their independence
31. The principal author of the Declaration of Independence was
b .
a. Benjamin Franklin
b. Thomas Jefferson
c. George Washington
d. John Adams
32. Which victory was considered as the turning point of the War of
Independence? c
a. The victory at Trenton.
b. The victory at Boston.
c. The victory at Saratoga.
d. The victory at Yorktown.
33. The Confederation created in 1781 was a a .
a. very loose union of states
b. very powerful central government
c. very firm league of states
d. weak government without the legislative power
34. Who was called the Father of the US Constitution? d
a. George Washington.
b. Benjamin Franklin.
c. Alexander Hamilton.
d. James Madison.
35. According to the text, the Constitution was framed on the following ideas except that d .
a. there should be three branches of government: one to make laws, another to execute them, and a third to settle questions of law
b. the three branches should be able to check and balance the other
c. the national government is a government of the people, and not of states alone
d. the new government should impose its authority on the people through states
36. Those who supported the Constitution and preferred a strong national government were called c .
a. Democrats
b. Republicans
c. Federalists
d. Antifederalists
37. How many states were needed to ratify the Constitution? b
a. Eight
b. Nine
c. Eleven
d. Thirteen
38. Which is incorrect to comment on the Federalist Papers? d
a. They support the ratification of the Constitution
b. The defend the principles of the Constitution
c. They help dispel the fears of a national authority
d. They spell out the people’s right
39. The amendment of the Constitution requires the approval of at least
c of the states.
a. one-third
b. two-thirds
c. three-fourths
d. three-fifths
40. When the Second War of Independence broke out in 1812, the US president was b .
a. Thomas Jefferson
b. James Madison
c. John Adams
d. James Monroe
41. The Monroe Doctrine had the following features or ideas except
d .
a. non-colonization
b. America for Americans
c. non-intervention
d. Latin America for Europeans
42. The US continental expansion was almost complete by d .
a. 1840
b. 1845
c. 1846
d. 1848
43. Cotton became the most profitable crop in the South mainly because of the b .
a. use of irrigation on plantation
b. Whitney’s cotton gin
c. slave labour
d. improved agricultural techniques
44. in 1854, the Republican Party was founded by some b .
a. slaveholders
b. abolitionists
c. democrats
d. proslavery persons
45. In his inaugural address in 1861, Lincoln showed clearly that he
b .
a. would abolish slavery in the South
b. would not abolish slavery immediately but to preserve the Union
c. would wage a war against slavery
d. had no idea to abolish slavery in the South
46. Which of the following statements about the Emancipation Proclamation is not accurate? a
a. It immediately freed all slaves living in the United States.
b. It freed slaves only in the Confederacy.
c. It brought many blacks to serve in the Union Army.
d. It gave the North a high moral reason for continuing the war.
47. the most important advantage the North had over the South in the Civil War was its d .
a. manpower
b. superior military leadership
c. European allies
d. industrial superiority
48. An advantage the South had over the North was its d .
a. great mineral resources
b. great number of railroads
c. manpower
d. superior military leadership
49. The first US president who faced impeachment proceedings was
b .
a. James Buchanan
b. Andrew Johnson
c. Ulysses S. Grant
d. Rutherford B. Hays
50. The radical Reconstruction was ended under President d .
a. Abraham Lincoln
b. Andrew Johnson
c. Ulysses S. Grant
d. Rutherford B. Hays
51. Gold was discovered in California in c .
a. 1828
b. 1838
c. 1848
d. 1858
52. The first transcontinental railroad in the US was completed in c .
a. 1850
b. 1859
c. 1869
d. 1890
53. T elephone was invented in 1876 by b .
a. Thomas B. Edison
b. Alexander D. Bell
c. Guglielmo Marconi
d. George Westinghouse
54. According to the text the value of manufactured goods in the US was worth twice as that of her agricultural products by d .
a. 1860
b. 1890
c. 1894
d. 1900
55. The first imperialist, the US-Spanish War, broke out in c .
a. 1886
b. 1890
c. 1898
d. 1900
56. After US-Spanish War, the US acquired all the following areas except
d .
a. Puerto Rico
b. Guam
c. the Philippines
d. Cuba
57. By the beginning of the 20th century the country that took the first place in economy in Europe was a .
a. Germany
b. France
c. Britain
d. Russia
58. When the First World War began, President Wilson immediately called upon the American people to b .
a. be ready for the war
b. observe strict neutrality
c. give financial help to the Allies
d. end the trade relations with Germany
59. The US joined the First World War in d .
a. 1914
b. 1915
c. 1916
d. 1917
60. Wilson’s Fourteen Points did not include the point of d .
a. disarmament
b. creation of an international organization of nations
c. freedom of the seas, in peace and war
d. creation of an international peacekeeping force
61. Which statement about the US in 1920s is not true? b
a. The gross national product rose.
b. Only the rich could afford new consumer goods.
c. The youth suspected the values of the older generation.
d. There was a fast urbanization in the whole country.
62. In responding to the Depression, President Hoover thought that the basic role of the Government was to b .
a. provide government aid for the poor
b. create conditions favorable to the development of private enterprises
c. intervene in the affairs of economy
d. take the responsibility for the welfare of the people
63. The agricultural Adjustment Act was an attempt to deal with the farmers’problem of d .
a. soil erosion
b. declining labor supply
c. inflation
d. overproduction
64. Which one is not right to comment on the New Deal? d
a. It relieved unemployment through a vast scheme of public works.
b. It offered relief to farmers through providing money at low rates of interest.
c. It brought in old age and unemployment insurance through providing a system of pension.
d. It reduced the commodity prices by limiting production and devaluing the dollar.
65. Between 1935 and 1939, American foreign policy included all of the following except d .
a. the prohibition of the sale of arms or equipment to nations at war
b. the prohibition of loans to belligerent nations
c. cash-and-carry policy
d. active intervention to prevent aggression
66. The US formerly entered the Second World War in d .
a. 1937
b. 1939
c. 1940
d. 1941
67. Normandy Landing took place on a .
a. June 6, 1944
b. July 6, 1944
c. April 30, 1945
d. April 12, 1945
68. At which conference did Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin agree to call a conference of all the United Nations in San Francisco in April 1945? d
a. The Conference in T eheran, on Nov. 28, 1943.
b. The Conference in Cairo, on Nov. 23, 1943.
c. The Conference at Dumbarton Oaks, in the fall of 1944.
d. Yalta Conference, in Feb. 1945.
69. The post-World War II program of economic assistance to Western Europe was known as c .
a. containment policy
b. Truman Plan
c. Marshall Plan
d. Communist prevention
70. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., advocated the philosophy of b .
a. economic equality
b. nonviolence
c. military protest
d. black power
71. Thousands of American soldiers were sent to Vietnam under President
c .
a. Dwight D. Eisenhower
b. John F. Kennedy
c. Lyndon B. Johnson
d. Richard M. Nixon
72. The formal diplomatic relation at the ambassadorial rank between China and the US was established under President b .
a. Nixon
b. Carter
c. Reagan
d. Bush
73. The power of the state in the US is actually from d .
a. the central government
b. the state constitution
c. the US Constitution
d. both b and c
74. The supreme law of the United States includes d .
a. the US Constitution
b. treaties under the authority of the United States
c. laws to ensure the constitutional power being practiced
d. all the above three
75. The terms of the senator and representative are d and years respectively.
a. two…four
b. two…three
c. two…six
d. six…two
76. Which Amendment provided for the direct election of senators? b
a. The 16th Amendment (1913)
b. The 17th Amendment (1913)
c. The 18th Amendment (1919)
d. The 19th Amendment (1920)
77. Certain presidential appointments must be approved by a majority vote in
d .
a. Congress
b. the House
c. the Supreme Court
d. the Senate
78. All revenue or tax bills must be originated in b .
a. the Cabinet
b. the House
c. the Senate
d. the Executive Office
79. Who is second in line in presidential succession? a
a. The Speaker of the House.
b. The Vice President.
c. The president pro tempore.
d. The leader of the majority party in the Senat
e.
80. In the House, the power to decide when the full House will hear the bill is vested in a .
a. the Rules Committee
b. the standing committee
c. Subcommittee
d. the select committee
81. Which one in the following limits the President to two successive terms only? c
a. The 20th Amendment (1933)
b. The 21st Amendment (1933)
c. The 22nd Amendment (1951)
d. The 23rd Amendment (1961)
82. The American President has all the following powers except c .
a. deploying armed forces
b. making treaties
c. declaring war on another country
d. granting pardons
83. The president’s major appointments should be approved by c .
a. Congress
b. the House
c. the Senate
d. the Supreme Court
84. Which is not correct to explain the executive agreement? c
a. An agreement between the president and another country.
b. It has the force of a treaty.
c. It requires the approval of Congress.
d. It does not require the Senate’s advice and consent.
85. the President’s veto can be overridden by two-thirds votes in c .
a. the House
b. the Senate
c. both houses
d. the Supreme Court
86. The federal courts that regularly employ grand and petit juries are
c .
a. the Supreme Court
b. the courts of appeal
c, the district courts
d. specialized courts
87. The highest authority of the Supreme Court is d .
a. to review decisions of the courts of appeal
b. to review decisions of the federal district courts
c. to try the impeachment case
d. to interpret the US Constitution
88. The cases involving copyright, trademark, counterfeiting, and bank robbery are usually first tried in c .
a. the courts of appeal
b. the appellate court
c. the federal district courts
d. the state supreme court
89. The emblem of the Democratic Party is b .
a. elephant
b. donkey
c. bear
d. bull
90. The first Democratic President was c .
a. George Washington
b. Abraham Lincoln
c. Thomas Jefferson
d. Andrew Jackson
91. The first Republican President was b .
a. George Washington
b. Abraham Lincoln
c. Thomas Jefferson
d. Andrew Jackson
92. The only Democratic President who served two separate terms between the end of Civil War and 1912 was a .
a. Grover Cleveland
b. William McKinley
c. Theodore Roosevelt
d. Woodrow Wilson
93. The presidential candidate of the major party is nominated b .
a. at the state convention
b. at the national convention
c. by the leaders from state party organizations
d. by the party’s national committee
94. In the presidential election year the American voters vote on the
a .
a. T uesday after the first Monday
b. first T uesday
c. T uesday after the second Monday
d. Monday after the first T uesday
95. The number of the presidential electors in each state is equal to the number of c .
a. its senators
b. its representatives
c. its senators and Representatives
d. its counties
96. The American President is actually elected by c .
a. the House
b. the Senate
c. presidential electors
d. American citizens
97. Who is chiefly responsible for education in the US?
a. The federal government.
b. The state government.
c. the county government.
d. The local government.
98. In the US school system, there are twelve levels called c .
a. classes
b. divisions
c. grades
d. degrees
99. The elementary and secondary education in the US lasts c .
a. 8 years
b. 10 years
c. 12 years
d. 14 years
100. The average teacher salary in private secondary schools is b that in public schools.
a. higher than
b. lower than
c. almost same as
d. half of
101. A great majority of doctor-level universities in the US are c .
a. private
b. supported by religious groups
c. public
d. supported by private funds
102. After completing four-year study in a college, the student usually can earn c .
a. a university degree
b. graduate degree
c. a bachelor’s degree
d. a master’s degree
103. In order to remain in college the student must maintain at least a average. b
a. B
b. C
c. D
d. F
104. The first daily newspaper in America was published in c .
a. 1690
b. 1775
c. 1783
d. 1800
105. Which newspaper first uncovered the Watergate scandal in 1972? b
a. New York Times.
b. Washington Post.
c. New York Daily News.
d. Los Angeles Times.
106. The world most-read magazine is c .
a. TV Guide
b. Time
c. Reader’s Digest
d. People Weekly
107. The TV networks in the US are owned b .
a. by the federal government
b. by private companies
c. by state government
d. by local governments
108. Democratic and Republican National Conventions were televised for the first time in c .
a. 1945
b. 1950
c. 1952
d. 1960
109. Which one in the following is not proper to describe the American family values? d
a. Individual freedom.
b. Belief in equality.
c. Personal independence.
d. Formal and strict relations between parents and children.
110. If a junior staff member challenges and argues points with an older executive, the junior is considered being d .
a. impolite
b. rude
c. immoral
d. harmless
111. T o make distinctions between persons, the Americans may use b .
a. the family title
b. the occupational title
c. Mr. or Ms.
d. Sir or Ma’am
112. T o Americans, if weaknesses were pointed out by others, it would be c .
a. disgraceful
b. all right
c. resentful
d. indifferent
113. By American standards, which one in the following is not a taboo? d
a. Financial affairs.
b. Person’s age.
c. Religion.
d. Person’s work.
114. According to the text, which word in the following is not proper to describe an American? c
a. Optimistic.
b. Acquisitive.
c. Formal.
d. Frank.
II. Fill in the blanks:
1.“The backbone of the continent” refers to . (the
Rocky Mountains)
2.During Ratification, those who supported the Constitution and preferred
a strong national government were called , their opponents
were called . (Federalists, Antifederalists)
3.The war of 1812 was also known as for America got
economically independent after it. (Second War of Independence)
4.Washington D. C. is situated on River which is the traditional
dividing line between the South and the North. (the Potomac)
5.The United States is the most populous country. (third)
6.In his Abraham Lincoln expressed his ideas of a
democratic government “of the people, by the people and for the people.”(Gettysburg Address)
7.In the year , President Nixon visited China, and later during
‘s presidency, formal diplomatic relations between China and the United States were established. (1972, Jimmy Carter)
8.The division of powers by a constitution between the central government
and state government is called . (Federalism)
9.By law any American citizen of and over years of
age and of being a resident within the United States for years can run for the President. The duly elected and duly qualified president-elect takes office on the of January following his election. (natural-born, 35, 14, 20th)
10.When a Bill is vetoed by the President, it can still become a law if the
Congress . the veto by a vote of both houses.
(override, two-thirds)
11.The United States is bordered on the north by , on the south by
and , on the east by , and on the west by . (Canada, Mexico, The Gulf of Mexico, The Atlantic, the Pacific)
12.Because the New England colonies were difficult of farming, they became
a center for . and . The middle colonies were known as
the , which produced wheat and potatoes as the major staple.
The southern colonies developed a . system. The main crop in the South was , much later, .(fishing, shipbuilding, breadbasket, plantation, tobacco, cotton)
13.The First World War was waged between tow groups of imperialist
powers: . and .( the Allies/the Entente, the Central European Powers)
14.The major triumph for Wilson at the Paris Peace Conference was the
formation of the . (League of Nations)
15.The Nineteenth Amendment to the US Constitution was adopted
in , which granted women the right to . (1920, vote)
16.The Great Depression started with the sudden collapse of the
in New York in October, . This economic distress extended to Europe, Asia, Australia and South America. (stock market, 1929)
17.The candidate with the most voters in a state wins all of that state’s
votes. This is known as the “” principle. The candidates who wins the of the 538 Electoral College votes will be US President in the next four years. (electoral, winner-take-all, 270)
18.American universities offer three main categories of graduate degrees:
1) , 2) , 3) . (bachelor’s, master’s, Ph. D)
19.Each of the fifty states in the US provides a free schooling of
years to its residents. (12)
20.Among the five Great Lakes, only Lake belongs entirely to the
US. (Michigan)
21.The emblem of the Democratic Party is , and that of the
Republican Party is . is considered the first Democratic President, and first Republican President is .
(donkey, elephant, Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln)
III. True or False Statements:
1.People usually regard Christopher Columbus as the discoverer of the New
World, though before him, Norsemen from Scandinavia had already found this continent.
2.During the Ratification of the Constitution, Thomas Jefferson and other
federalists worked hard to support a strong central government.
3.The Missouri Compromise brought a solution to the immediate problem of
the extension of slavery.
4.Germany’s unrestricted submarine campaign against merchant ships was
one of the reasons that pushed America into World War I.
5.Standing committees are permanent ones to determine whether proposed
legislation should be presented to the entire House or Senate for consideration.
6.Louisiana Purchase was the largest real estate deal in US history, which
got for America the present Louisiana State.
7.Franklin Roosevelt was one of the greatest American Presidents whose
New Deal effectively put an end to the Great Depression.
8.The Vice President is officially the presiding officer of the House of
Representatives, and in his absence, the president pro tempore takes his place to deal with day-to-day business.
9.Immediately after Abraham Lincoln took office, the southern states
began to secede from the Federal Union and organized the Confederate States of America.
10.The people of the US are predominantly white, among whom the most
powerful and influential group is the White Anglo-Saxon Protestants who are the descendents of the early English settlers.
11.Voting requirements are different in one state from another, and voting
qualifications are not determined by federal government.
12.When the state governments act out the powers given to it in the
constitution, the Federal Government has no right to interfere.
13.In the U.S.A., every state constitution divided political power among
three elements.
14.The power of the state in the US is actually from the state constitution
and the US Constitution.
15.The supreme law of the United States includes the US Constitution,
treaties under the authority of the United States and laws to ensure the constitutional power being practiced.
16.It was the New York Times that first uncovered the Watergate scandal in
1972.
17.Generally speaking, older people with more education and high income
tend to vote while the youth, especially aged 18 to 21, has the lowest voting percentage in the United States.
18.As the opposite of Federalists, the Anti-Federalists insisted on the
expansion of slavery in the country.
IV. Explain the following terms:
Federalism
Melting pot
Mosaic
Separation of powers
Judicial review
Winner-take-all
Filibuster
Pocket veto
Cold war
New Deal
Missouri Compromise
V. Questions for discussion
1.How many states are there in the United States? And which two states are
geographically separated from the others?
2.What are the general characters of the Rocky Mountains and the
Appalachian Mountains?
3.Do you think that geography has played an important role in the economic
development of the United States? Explain.
4.Why is the United States known as a “melting pot”?
5.What factors cause the Americans to move frequently within the United
States?
6.Why do many Americans now migrate from cities to suburbs?
7.Discuss the pre-Columbian cultures in the Americas.
8.Why did the discoveries of the New World before Columbus not exert great
influence in the world at that time?
9.Why did so many English people move to the New World in the 17th
century?
10.W hat was the social structure of the 13 colonies?
11.W hy did not the American Indians become slaves during the colonial days?
12.H ow do you understand checks and balances in American political system?
13.W hat do you know about the American Civil War, its causes, process,
results, etc?
14.H ow do you comment on the constitutional division of powers in American
political system?
15.W hich president in American history do you think is the greatest? Why?
16.N ame two universally celebrated holidays in America and describe how
people usually celebrate them.
VI. Questions based on further reading
1. Where can you see the Old Faithful Geyser?
a. Yellowstone National Park
b. Death Valley
c. Great Lakes
d. Lake District
2. In 1884 when fund-raising in America for the base of Statue of Liberty was in difficulty, . came to the rescue.
a. Daniel Joncaire
b. Frederic-Auguste Bartholdi
c. Jeanne Emilie
d. Joseph Pulitzer
3. “We hold these Truths to be self-evident, that all Men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness.” The sentence is taken from .
a. Declaration of Independence
b. the Thirteenth Amendment
c. Bill of Rights
d. Emancipation Proclamation
4. is a legislative device to thwart majority action on a measure by prolonging or delaying a veto.
a. Filibuster
b. Tie vote
c. Pocket veto
d. Override
5. American Civil War broke out in .
a. Fort Sumter
b. Fort Jefferson
c. Fort Pickens
d. Fort T aylor
6. The time period traditionally assigned to Reconstruction is to .
a. 1861, 1865
b. 1862, 1868
c. 1863, 1878
d. 1865, 1877
7. In the presidential election of 2000, the disputed state was .
a. Florida
b. Ohio
c. California
d. Pennsylvania
8. An important aspect of the separation of powers is that the power of one branch should not be exercised by anyone who holds a position in another branch. (T)
9. In the early days of the United States, loyalty to one’s state often took precedence over loyalty to one’s country. (T)
英国部分英美概况汇总题库
The United Kingdom I. Multiple Choice 1. The was “the greatest progressive revolution that mankind had so far experienced, a time which called for giants and produced giants—giants in power of thought, passion, and character, in universality and learning”(Engels). a. Renaissance b. Industrial Revolution c. Reformation d. Bourgeois Revolution 2. is regarded as the first English Prime Minster. a.D uke of Willington b.William Gladstone c.Benjamin Disraeli d.Sir Robert Walpole 3. The official head of Parliament is . a. the Prime Minister b. the Monarch c. the Speaker d. the Chancellor 4. The present sovereign of Britain is . a. Elizabeth I b. Elizabeth II
c. Elizabeth III d. Edward II 5. is a day to commemorate the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. a. Christmas b. Good Friday c. Easter Monday d. Boxing Day 6. published his book On the Origin of Species which caused a stir in Victorian times. a. Adam Smith b. Charles Darwin c. Thomas More d. Francis Bacon 7. The largest section of Great Britain is . a. Scotland b. Wales c. England d. Northern Ireland 8. The Lake District is well known for . a. its wild and beautiful scenery b. its varied lakes c. the Lake Poets
英美国家概况期末试题A卷
2013-2014学年度第一学期 英国国家概况期末试题 （考试时间120分钟，总分100分） 班级姓名成绩 得分评卷人复查人 I. Multiple Choice Questions. (50 points, 2 point for each) Directions: In this part of the test, there are 50 unfinished statements or questions. For each of the unfinished statements or questions, four suggested answers, marked A. B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on your Answer Sheet. I. Different Names for Britain and its Parts： 1.The British Isles are made up of________ A.two large islands and hundreds of small ones B. two large islands and Northern Ireland C. three large islands and hundreds of small ones D. three large islands and Northern Ireland 2. There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain. They are_______ A.Britain，Scotland and Wales B. England，Scotland and Wales C. Britain，Scotland and Ireland D. England，Scotland and Ireland 3.The Commonwealth of Nations is an association of independent countries______ A. that have a large number of British immigrants B. that fought on the side of Britain in the two world wars C. that speak English as their native language D. that were once colonies of Britain 4. About a hundred years ago，as a result of imperialist expansion，Britain ruled an empire that had one fourth of the world's people and ______of the world's land area. A.one third B. one fifth C. one fourth D. two fifths 5.The earliest invasion of England is that by _____. A. the Iberian B. the Danes C. the Celts D. the Anglo-Saxons 6.the Celts religion was _____. A.Christianity B. Druidism C. Norman belief D. Roman Catholic 7.the Anglo-Saxons brought _____ religion to Britain.
张奎武《英美概况》笔记及习题(工业革命、美国独立战争和法国革命)【圣才出品】
第7章工业革命、美国独立战争和法国革命 7.1 复习笔记 I. The American Revolution II. The French Revolution III. Prerequisites for the Industrial Revolution IV. The Industrial Revolution and Its Consequences 1. The Industrial Revolution 2. Its Consequences I. The American Revolution (美国独立战争) 1. The Navigation Acts (passed in 1651) were intended to increase the prosperity of English merchants and ship builders. 1651年通过了《航海条例》，有利于英国商人和轮船制造者的发展。 2. The process (过程) ①The war broke out in April 1775. ②In October, 1777, the American army won a great battle at Saratoga, which was a turning point. ③By the Treaty of Paris in 1783, Britain recognized the independence of the United States.
①战争开始于1775年4月。 ②1777年10月，美国军队取得萨拉托加大捷，这是美国独立战争的转折点。 ③1783年《巴黎和约》，英国承认了美国的独立。 II. The French Revolution (法国革命) 1. The French Revolution broke out in 1789 and Thomas Paine published “The Rights of Man”. 2. In 1793 Britain became the chief leader of a military alliance with Austria and Prussia against revolutionary France. 3. The allies met at the Congress of Vienna and fought for the spoils of victory. England obtained Ceylon, the-Cape of Good Hope, and a number of Spanish, Dutch and French colonies. 1. 1789年，法国革命爆发，潘恩发表《人权宣言》。 2. 1793年，英国联合澳大利亚和普鲁士，反对法国革命。 3. 盟国在维也纳分赃会议上瓜分胜利品。英国得到锡兰，好望角，以及西班牙，荷兰和法国的殖民地。 III. Prerequisites for the Industrial Revolution (工业革命的必要条件) 1. The conditions for the Industrial Revolution : ①the accumulation of capital; ②the development of capitalist farming and the appearance of a labor reserve; ③the expansion of markets, domestic and foreign. 2. Britain’s population grew fast in this period and the people were skilled in
英美概况期末试题
I.Explain the following terms: 1.the British Isles 2.Poets’ Corner 3.EU 4.the Conservative Party 5.the Seven Year’s War 6.WASPs 7.“roaring 20s” 8.melting pot 9.British Empire 10.system of US politic I.Translate the following into Chinese: 1.Westminster Abby 2.the Church of England https://www.360docs.net/doc/fb4138663.html,monwealth 4.Mr. Speaker 5.Judicial System 6.the Great Charter 7.the House of Plantagenet 8.Puritans 9.monopoly capitalism 10.the first Pan-American Conferencce II.Multi-choices: 1.The longest river in Britain is the _____ River. (Severn, Thames, Mersey, Humber) 2.The leading anthracite coalfields in Britain are in__ (Scotland, England, Wales, ) 3.The English people are descendants of____ (Celts, Roman, Anglo-Saxons) 4.The established church of Britain is___ (the Church of England, Free churches, ) 5.Easter is kept, commemorating the __ (coming, birth, death, resurrection) of Jesus Christ. 6.In Britain, government cannot spend any money without the permission of___. (the Queen, the Prime Minister, the House of Commons, the House of Lords) 7.All the government ministers of Britain must be members of_____. (the House of Lords, the House of Common, the Privy Council, Parliament) 8.___ is the largest state of the US in area.(Hawii, Texas, Alaska, Pennsylvania) 9.The dominant ethnic group in the US today is_____. (the black people, WASPs, Asian Americans, Hispanics) 10.People in the US have kept moving westward for reasons except___. (religious freedom, fertile soil in the West, good climate in the west, discovery gold) 11.The Constitution of the United State was framed in ___in 1787. (Washington, Boston, New York, Philadelphia) 12.The President of the US exercises the ____ power. (legislative, executive, judicial, veto) 13.Congress can veto the President’s veto by a ___ vote of the full membership of Both houses.(two-fifths, two-thirds, three-fourths, three-fifths) 14.The Constitution of US says that only___ can declare war upon other nation.
张奎武《英美概况》笔记及习题(美国文学)【圣才出品】
第7章美国文学 7.1 复习笔记 I. A General Introduction II. Fiction III. Poetry IV. Drama I. A General Introduction (简要介绍) 1. The history of American literature is comparatively short, roughly about 200 years. 美国文学的历史很短，大约200年。 2. Many famous writers have earned great fame in the world, such as Walt Whitman, Mark Twain, Theodore Dreiser, and Ernest Hemingway. 很多著名作家已赫然立于世界文坛之上。例如惠特曼、马克·吐温、西奥多·德莱赛和欧内斯特·海明威。 II. Fiction (小说) 1. America did not have its fiction until Washington Irving. 美国的小说从华盛顿·欧文开始。
2. American contemporary literature has continued to undergo healthy development in producing new forms and new language. 美国的现代文学继续健康发展，不断涌现出新的形式和新的语言。 3. In 1990s, American literature takes much newer directions and varieties in quality. 20世纪90年代，美国文学呈现出很多新的趋势和种类。 4. There appeared some famous fiction writers in American literature. 美国文学史上出现了很多著名的小说家。 (1) Washington Irving (1783—1859) (华盛顿·欧文) ①Regarded as the “father of American literature”, Washington Irving was the first American to achieve international literary reputation. ②His most famous story “Rip Van Winkle”helps Irving earn great fame in the literary world. ①华盛顿·欧文是第一个在国际上享有盛誉的美国作家，被称为“美国文学之父”。 ②他最著名的故事是“瑞普·凡·温克尔”，使欧文在文学界获得很高的名望。 (2) Nathaniel Hawthorne(1804—1864) (纳撒尼尔·霍桑) ①Hawthorne is a famous American writer in romantic fiction and a pioneer in psychological description. ②His most famous novel is The Scarlet Letter. ①霍桑是美国浪漫主义小说的著名作家，也是心理描写方面的先驱。 ②他最著名的小说是《红字》。 (3) Mark Twain(1835—1910) (马克·吐温)
英美概况考试试题集
英语专业考研英美概况自测题（一） British Survey Test Part I Geography 1. The total area of the U.K. is _____. A. 211,440 B. 244,110 C. 241,410 D. 242,534 2. England occupies the _____ portion of the U.K. A. northern B. eastern C. southern 3. The most important part of the U.K. in wealth is _____. A. Northern Ireland B. England C. Scotland 4. _____ is on the western prominence between the Bristol Channel and the Dee estuary. A. Wales B. Scotland C. England 5. Wales was effectively united with England in the _____ century. A. 14th B. 15th C. 16th 6. By the Act of Union of _____ Scotland and the kingdom of England and Wales were constitutionally joined as the Kingdom of Britain. A. 1707 B. 1921 C. 1801 7. Physiographically Britain may be divided into _____ provinces. A. 13 B. 12 C. 14 8. Mt. Ben Nevis stands in _____. A. the Scottish Highlands B. Wales C. England 9. The main rivers parting in Britain runs from _____. A. north to south B. south to north C. east to west 10. Cheviot hills lie along the border between _____ and England. A. Scotland B. Wales C. Vale of Eden 11. The longest river in Britain is _____. A. Severn B. Clyde C. Bann 12. London is situated on the River of _____. A. Parret B. Thames C. Spey 13. Edinburgh is the capital of _____. A. England B. Scotland C. Wales 14. The rivers flowing into the _____ are mainly short. A. North Sea B. English Channel C. Dee estuary 15. Mt. Snowdon stands in _____. A. Scotland B. Wales C. England 16. The source of the important River Thames is in the _____. A. Cotswolds B. Oxford Clay C. Pennines 17. About _____ of the water requirements are obtained from underground sources. A. 50% B. 38% C. 42% 18. Gaelic is mainly spoken in _____. A. Scotland B. England C. Northern Ireland 19. The Bank of England was nationalized in _____. A. 1964 B. 1946 C. 1694
英美概况美国部分整理
America The Founding of Colonies殖民地的建立 First Inhabitants：American Indians Discovery of the New World： 1492 Christopher Columbus →the discoverer of America (Italian)Spanish Queen’ s support 1501-2 Amerigo Vespucci →the new land was name after him as America. reached the mouth of Amazon River America—the New World Europe—the Old World 13 colonies： New England Colonies: Mid Atlantic Colonies: Southern Colonies: Massachusetts →（2nd colony，1620）New York Maryland New Hampshire Pennsylvania Virginia →（1st colony，1607）Rhode Island Delaware North Carolina Connecticut South Carolina Georgia →（the last colony，1733）New England Region（6个）: Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire, Maine and Vermont 建立原因： Virginia, 1607 Virginia Company For foreign expansion as a way of easing religious dispute and economic distress in England 105 men (no women) Jamestown in honor of the king Massachusetts In 1620 102 Puritans (“Pilgrim Fathers”), in Mayflower, from Plymouth in England to America First in Plymouth (today’s Massachusetts); and then Boston Seek religious freedom Mayflower Compact <五月花号公约>：self-government Hardships when arrived the help of the Indians Thanksgiving Day to thank the Indians and the God for protection The next three colonies Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire Reasons: 1. religious disputes and struggles in Massachusetts intensified 2. more immigrants
Test for US 英美国家概况 美国部分测试题
1. The official full name of the United States is usually referred to as . It is often called , , , , or simply , or the “” in American spoken English. 2. National Holiday of US is . 3. Nicknames for the flag include ,,, and which is also the name of the country's official national anthem. 4. served as the political theory behind the American Revolution. 5. On July 4, 1776, the Congress adopted the Declaration of Independence drafted by a committee including and , with most of the work done by . 6. By the Declaration of Independence the United States held its separate and equal position among the powers of the earth, and also by it the United States had been founded, based on the right “.” 7. The American Civil War was in fact a conflict during 1861-1865 in the USA between the Southern or of America and the Northern or . 8. Four great empires—, , , and —had disappeared by the end of WWⅠ. 9. American Attitudes towards WWⅡ were excitedly divided into who opposed any involvement in the European war, and who urged immediate aid to the Allies. 10. The Cold War was an ideological, political, and economic state of tensions, conflicts and hostility from 1945 to 1990 between the USSR and on the one hand, and the US and on the other. 11. The Berlin blockade promoted the signing of and the founding of . 12. is the only “hot war” between the USA and the Soviet Union during the Cold War period.
英美概况考试重点复习材料(英国部分)
英美概况考试重点复习材料（英国部分） 英美概况考试重点复习材料（英国部分） Chapter 1第一章 Land and People 英国的国土与人民 I. Different Names for Britain and its Parts 英国的不同名称及其各组成部分 1.Geographical names: the British Isles, Great Britain and England. 地理名称：不列颠群岛，大不列颠和英格兰。 2. Official name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 官方正式名称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。 3. The British Isles are made up of two large islands-Great Britain (the larger one) and Ireland, and hundreds of small ones.不列颠群岛由两个大岛—大不列颠岛（较大的一个）和爱尔兰岛，及成千上万个小岛组成。 4. Three political divisions on the island of Great Britain: England, Scotland and Wale大不列颠岛上有三个政治区：英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士。
(1) England is in the southern part of Great Britain. It is the largest, most populous section.英格兰位于大不列颠岛南部，是最大，人口最稠密的地区。 (2) Scotland is in the north of Great Britain. It has three natural zones (the Highlands in the north; the Central lowlands; the south Uplands) Capital: Edinburgh 苏格兰位于大不列颠的北部。它有三大自然区：北部高地，中部低地及南部山陵。首府：爱丁堡。 (3) Wales is in the west of Great Britain. Capital: Cardiff 威尔士位于大不列颠的西部。首府：加的夫 (4) Northern Ireland is the fourth region of the UK. Capital: Belfast.北爱尔兰是英国第四个区域。首府：贝尔法斯特。 5. The monwealth (of nations) is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. It was founded in 1931, and has about 50 member countries until 1991. 英联邦是独立的前英国殖民地组成的自由联合体。它成立于1931 年，至1990年止已有约50个成员国。 Chapter 2 第二章 The Origins of a Nation (5000BC-1066)英国的起源（公元前5000年—1066年）
英美概况试卷
学院 专业班级 学 号 姓 名 教室 号 座位 号 . ———— 装 —————订 — ————线——————外——————不——————要——————答 — ———— 题 — ——— ( 第 1 页， 共6 页 ) 页 ) ( 第 2 页， 共 6 页 ) 湖南涉外经济学院2016-2017学年度第 一 学期期末课程 《英语国家概况》考察试卷 专业年级： 2014级商英本科 考核方式：闭卷 考试时量：90分钟 试卷类型： 题 号 一 合计 复核人 应得分 100 实得分 得分 评卷人 复核人 I.You are required to interpret the following terms.（10X5′） One Standard English Two Magna Carta Three The Reformation Four The Seperation of Three Powers Five Thatcherism Six Critical Realism Eight Thanksgiving Day Nine the Lost Generation Ten Industial Revolution II You are required to answer the following questions.(5X10) 1. How does the english language develops into a universal lingua franca? 2. What is the British Empire? 3. What do we know about the Renaissance? 4. Why is American regarded as a “nation of immigrants ”? 5. What is your understanding of “checks and balance ”?
英美国家概况课后题及答案
英美国家概况课后题及答案 Chapter 2 1.The British history before 55BC is basically undocumented.(T) 2.The Celts became the dominant group in Britain between the 8th and 5th centuries BC.(T) 3.The name of Britain came from a Celtic tribe--- the Britons.(T) 4.The Anglo--Saxons came to Britain in the mid--5th century.(T) 5.The chief or king of the Anglo--Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will.(F) 6.The Vikings began to attack the English coast in the 8th century.(T) 7.Henry II built up a large empire which included England and most of France.(T) 8.The Magna Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and the townspeople.(F) 9.The Hundred Years' War was a series of wars fought between England and Normans foe trade and territory.(F) 10.In an effort to make a promise between different religious factions,Queen Elizabeth I actually defended the fruit of the Religious Reformation.(T)
英美概况试题
I. Multiple Choice 1. The history of the U.S. is generally agreed to have begun in _____. A. 1620 B. 1607 C. 1776 2. The following states are among the first thirteen colonies except _____. A. Maryland B. South Carolina C. Delaware D. Colorado 3. _____ was the first man who sailed around the earth. A. John Cabot B. Magellan C. Balboa D. Cartier 4. The colonial life can be described as the following except _____. A. simple B. easy C. rough D. hard 5. The Stamp Act was passed in _____ and was repealed in _____. A. 1765, 1766 B. 1764, 1765 C. 1763, 1764 6. The First Continental Congress was held in _____ in September, 1774. A. Philadelphia B. Boston C. New York 7. The American War of Independence started in _____ and ended in _____. A. 1776, 1784 B. 1775, 1783 C. 1706, 1714 8. Washington won the great victory on December 26, 1776 in _____. A. Gettysburg B. Pittsburgh C. Trenton 9. The battle of _____ marked the turning point of the War of Independence. A. New York B. Saratoga C. Bunker Hill 10. On October 19th, 1781, the British General Cornwallis and his 7,000 men surrendered at _____. A. Yorktown B. Boston C. Charleston 11. The Constitutional Convention was held in 1787 to revise _____. A. The Articles of the Confederation B. Bill of Rights C. Civil Rights 12. The first ten amendments, known as _____, were added to the Constitution in 1791. A. the Bill of Rights B. the Articles C. Civil Rights 13. After the Federal Government was established, the city _____ was chosen as the capital for the time being. A. Washington B. New York C. Philadelphia 14. The pamphlet “Common Sense” was written by _____. A. Thomas Edison B. Thomas Paine C. Thomas Jefferson 15. The Second President John Adams adopted a high-handed policy which was called _____. A. the “Intolerable Acts” B. Un-American Activities C. the Sedition Act 16. The greatest contribution made by President Thomas Jefferson was his _____. A. abolishing the Sedition Act B. reducing taxes C. purchasing Louisiana from France 17. The Second Anti-English War broke out in _____ and ended in _____. The U.S. won the war. A. 1812, 1814 B. 1813, 1815 C. 1814, 1816 18. As the result of the U.S.-Mexican War, nearly _____ of the entire territory of Mexico was lost. A. 1/4 B. 1/2 C. 1/3 19. In 1844 the U.S. forced the Chinese Government to sign the first unequal treaty of _____.