备战高考英语-高三第一轮基础练习:介词和介词短语(含答案)

备战高考英语-高三第一轮基础练习:介词和介词短语(含答案)
备战高考英语-高三第一轮基础练习:介词和介词短语(含答案)

备战2020高考英语-高三第一轮基础练习:介词和介词短语

一、单选题

1.It seems there are________people out of work.Something must be done to create more employment.

A. a great many

B. a great many of

C. a great deal

D. a great deal of

2.The scientists showed great ______ the warming of the earth.

A. interest in

B. love for

C. concern about

D. attention for

3.He reads the texts every morning. ________ he is able to recite them.

A. By this way

B. In this way

C. With this means

D. In this method

4.A good many things in the world cannot be considered and valued ________ money.

A. in terms of

B. in short of

C. in charge of

D. in case of

5.It's important for a girl to know what colors look good her skin.

A. at

B. on

C. above

D. against

6._______ our food running out, we had to walk to a village for help.

A. Since

B. Because

C. With

D. For

7._______ intelligence, the research found that wealth was also linked to higher iPhone use---a factor that is related to education.

A. In terms of

B. As much as

C. In view of

D. As well as

8.We really emphasize the importance of putting ______safeguards to prevent children's identities from falling in wrong people's hands.

A. in place

B. in vain

C. in question

D. in earnest

9.What is your main reason for choosing one restaurant another?

A. over

B. of

C. from

D. for

10.I don't think it was an accident at all. Your brother did it .

A. for purpose

B. in order

C. on purpose

D. out of order

11.BRICS(金砖国家) Leaders Meeting was held in Sanya, April 14, 2011.

A. to

B. in

C. at

D. on

12.It's certain that we are to having a clean and beautiful home in the future because some special projects are to protect the environment.

A. under way; on the way

B. in the way; on the way

C. on the way; by the way

D. on the way; under way

13.—Why are you standing the street in such hot weather?

—I just can't help it. I am appointed to interview people ________ to learn about the customers' feedback on our products.

A. at random

B. at hand

C. at best

D. at intervals

14.What are you doing out of bed, Tom? You're________to be asleep.

A. supposed

B. known

C. thought

D. considered

15.Over the past few years, Clinton has spoken often of her approach ________ foreign policy.

A. of

B. for

C. about

D. to

16.________ being fun, watching English videos is a good form of listening exercise.

A. Besides that

B. In addition

C. Apart from

D. Except for

17.Don't give up halfway, Andy. You'll succeed ________ if you keep on working like this.

A. in return

B. on time

C. in time

D. by accident

18.Your performance in study largely depends on the attitude you hold study.

A. at

B. by

C. with

D. to

19.Having lived in the town for quite a few years, Mr. Johnson no longer felt _______ among the local people.

A. out of order

B. out of place

C. out of control

D. out of the question

20.You will be amazed to discover that what confused you at first makes sense _____further readings.

A. to

B. of

C. upon

D. before

21.Star skater Wu Dajing won China's first gold medal at the 2018 PyeongChang Olympic Winter Games breaking world record in short track men's 500m.

A. to

B. by

C. with

D. in

22.Sara, my colleague, has been ______ the run all week preparing for her son's wedding.

A. in

B. to

C. on

D. at

23.My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was _____ it.

A. in honor of

B. in memory of

C. in favour of

D. in search of

24.You can change your job, you can move house, but friendship is meant to be life.

A. of

B. on

C. to

D. for

25.When we met again 20 years later, we chatted a lot _______ tea.

A. for

B. in

C. over

D. during

26. piracy,it is necessary that effective measures should be taken right away to stop it.

A. Due to

B. As to

C. Thanks to

D. Next to

27.—What was the result of the local election last week?

—Luckily, the majority in the election came down Mr. Parker.

A. in favor of

B. in memory of

C. in honor of

D. in charge of

28.All the students felt discouraged because the exercise was ________ the abilities of most of the class.

A. under

B. beyond

C. against

D. over

29.The doctor advised her to eat more bean products________meat which might be harmful to her heart.

A. for lack of

B. by means of

C. in place of

D. in favour of

30.Little Tom cured himself ______ the habit of lying.

A. to

B. from

C. for

D. of

31.The book is a complete introduction ________ all the best Indian films.

A. in

B. on

C. to

D. about

32.You said you took away the dictionary without his permission. , you stole it.

A. In one word

B. In words

C. In other words

D. In a word

二、语法填空

33.Air is really important ________ which man can't live.

34.The teacher came in________ a book in his hand.

35.In his factory, the workers are now paid ________ the season.

36.These ar e what scientists call S waves, S standing ________ “second”.

37.As I lay ________ the stars I thought about how far we had already travelled.

38.The dream of studying abroad comes________ a price tag.

39.We are confident ________ winning the game against Japan.

40.________ our teachers, we have made great progress in English. (aid)

41.Peter was________ a hurry to go________ a doctor, because the patient was in bad condition.

42.________ time I have been changed quite a lot.

答案

一、单选题

1.【答案】A

【解析】【分析】a great many后跟可数名词的复数形式;a great deal of后跟不可数名词;a great deal可作主语、宾语或状语,但不作定语。a great many与of连用时,其后的名词前应有限定词;故选A项。

2.【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意:科学家们对地球变暖表现出极大的关注。interest in“对......感兴趣”;love for“热爱......”;concern about“关注”;attention fo r“注意......”。选C。

【点评】考查介词短语,区分interest in;love for;concern about;attention for的含义。3.【答案】B

【解析】【分析】考查介词短语辨析。句意:他每天早晨读课文。用这种方法他能背诵他们。

A. By this way ”顺便说说“;

B. In this way”用这种方法“;

C. With this means ”这意味着“;

D. In this method”在该方法中“。根据句意可知答案为B。

【点评】本题要求考生在理解句义的基础上,进一步牢固掌握选项中四个介词短语的含义和用法。

4.【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意为:世界上有很多东西不是用金钱来衡量的。in terms of就……而论;in short of缺少;不足;in charge of负责;主管;in case of如果;假如。故A项符合句意。

5.【答案】D

【解析】【分析】句意:对一个女孩来说,知道什么颜色适合她的皮肤是很重要的。表示“衬托,以…为背景”是against,故答案选D.

【点评】考查介词辨析,区分at;on;above;against的含义和应用。

6.【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意:我们的食物吃完了,我们必须去村里寻求帮助。分析句子可知,our food running out没有谓语动词,不是句子,是短语,ABD都是连词,连词连接句子。故选C。【点评】考查词义辨析,区分Since,Because,With,For的应用。

7.【答案】D

【解析】【分析】考查介词短语。句意:不仅仅是智商,研究发现财富也与更高级的苹果手机使用者有关——一个与教育相关的因素。A. In terms of“就……而言”;B. As much as“多达”;

C. In view of“考虑到”;

D. As well as“不仅……而且……,也”。根据主句中的also推知选D。【点评】本题要求考生在理解句义的基础上,进一步牢固掌握选项中四个介词短语的含义和用法。

8.【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意:我们确实强调了在适当的位置建立保障措施的重要性,以防止儿童的身份落入坏人之手。A. in place“适当的,在适当的地方“;B. in vain“徒然,无效“;C. in question“讨论中“;D. in earnest“认真的,诚挚的“。故答案选A。

【点评】考查介词短语,区分in place;in vain;in question;in earnest的含义。

9.【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意:杰克,你选择这家饭店,而不是另一家的主要原因是什么?over强调比较的概念,意为“胜过”,你选择一家餐馆而不是另一家。故A正确。of表示所属关系;from表示“来自,从”;for表示“为了”。故选A。

【点评】考查介词,区分over;of;from;for的含义和应用。

10.【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意:我根本不觉得这是一场意外,你的兄弟故意做的。on purpose故意;for the purpose of为了……的目的;in order整齐;out of order混乱。根据句意,故答案为C。【点评】考查介词短语辨析。

11.【答案】D

【解析】【分析】考查介词。句意:金砖国家领导人会议在2011年4月14日在三亚举办。这里日期April 14, 2011是具体到某一天的日期,用介词on。故选D。

【点评】本题要求考生在理解句义的基础上,进一步牢固掌握选项中四个介词的含义和用法。

12.【答案】D

【解析】【分析】句意:一些特殊的项目正在实施中来保护我们的环境,所以我们在不久的将来将会有一个干净美丽的家园。under way“在进行中”;on the way“在路上”;in the way“妨碍”。故选D。

【点评】考查介词短语,区分under way,on the way和in the way的含义。

13.【答案】A

【解析】【分析】考查介词短语。句意:—为什么这么热的天你还站在街上?—我也是不得已。我被安排随机采访路人以了解客户对我们产品的反馈。A项表示“随意地”;B项是“在手头,即将到来”;C项表示“充其量,最多”;D项是“不时地”,依照语境A项适合。

14.【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意为:你不睡觉在干什么,汤姆?你应该睡觉。be supposed to do sth意为:(按规则、惯例等)应该做某事,如:Am I supposed clean all the rooms or just this one?我是应该打扫所有的房间,还是只这间?be known to be被知道是;be thought tobe被认为是;be considered to be被认为是。

15.【答案】D

【解析】【分析】句意:在过去几年中,克林顿经常谈到她的外交政策方针。approach to固定短语“……的方法、途径”,故选D。

【点评】考查介词辨析,以及固定短语approach to。

16.【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意:除了娱乐,观看英语视频是一种很好的听力练习形式。Apart from 除了=besides=in addition to;except for除了(用于修正前面的说法),故选C

【点评】考查介词短语辨析。

17.【答案】C

【解析】【分析】考查介词短语。句意:安迪,不要半途而废。如果你继续这样干下去,你迟早会成功的。in return 作为报答;on time 按时,准时;in time 及时;适时;by accident 偶然;意外地。根据句意,故答案选C。

【点评】根据句意对不同的介词短语加以辨析。

18.【答案】D

【解析】【分析】句意:你学习成绩在很大程度上取决于你对学习的态度。the attitude to/towads …,为固定搭配,“对待….的态度”,因此选D。

【点评】考查介词辨析,以及固定短语the attitude to/towads …。

19.【答案】B

【解析】【分析】考查短语的用法。out of place不合适的;不相称的;不在适当的位置。out of order发生故障;失调。out of control失去控制。out of the question不可能;不知底细;根本谈不上。句意:住在这个镇已经好多年了,约翰逊先生在当地人中间不再感到不相称了。【点评】“out of +名词”类介词习语归纳out of action 损坏,发生故障;out of breath 气喘吁

吁,喘不过气来;out of character 不相称;不恰当;out of condition 身体不好,情况欠佳;out of control 失去控制;out of danger 脱离险境;out of date 过时,已经不能用;out of debt 还清负债,没欠债;out of doors 在户外;out of fashion 不合时尚,不时兴的;out of favour 失宠,不受欢迎;out of focus 不在焦点上,模糊,不清楚;out of hand 失去控制,脱手;out of hearing 在听不见的地方,离得远而听不见;out of humo(u)r 情绪不好,不高兴;out of line 不成一直线;不一致,出格;out of luck 运气不好;不凑巧;out of order 次序紊乱;损坏了;(因粗鲁而)不能接受;out of patience 不耐烦的;out of place 不在适当的位置;不适宜;out of practice 荒疏的;out of reach 无法拿到;out of season 过时的,过了旺季的;out of sight 看不见的;out of step 步调不一致;不协调;不符合;out of style 过时的,不再流行的;out of touch 脱离,失去联系;out of town 不在城里;out of trouble 摆脱困境;out of use 不再被使用;out of work 失业

20.【答案】C

【解析】【分析】考查介词。句意:你会惊奇地发现,起初让你困惑的会促使你更进一步的阅读。根据句意可知选C。

21.【答案】B

【解析】【分析】考查介词辨析。句意:明星选手武大婧在2018平昌冬季奥运会赢得中国第一枚金牌,打破了男子500米短道速滑的世界纪录。by doing sth,为固定搭配,意为“凭借/通过做某事”,故答案选B。

【点评】考查by常见的用法。注意:by后接的名词不同所表的的含义也不同。

22.【答案】C

【解析】【分析】考查介词。on the run逃跑,忙碌,奔波。句意:我的同事萨拉,整个一周都在忙碌着为儿子的婚礼做准备。故选C。

23.【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意:我的姐姐反对我的建议,而我的兄弟支持它。A.in honor of “纪念......,祝贺......,向.....致敬”;B.in memory of“以纪念......,为了纪念......”;C .in favour of“支持,赞成”;D.in search of“寻找“。结合句意可知选C。

【点评】考查介词短语。区分in honor of;in memory of;in favour of;in search of的含义。

24.【答案】D

【解析】【分析】句意:你可以换工作,可以搬家,但友谊是一辈子不变的。只有“for”表示动作的持续。“for life ”所以选 D

【点评】考查介词辨析,区分of、on、to和for的含义和用法。

25.【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意:20年后我们再次见面时,我们喝茶聊了许多。over tea固定短语,“喝茶”,故选C。

【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语over tea。

26.【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意:关于海盗行为,必须立即采取有效措施制止它。A Due to“由于”;B As to“关于”;C Thanks to“由于”;D Next to“几乎”。故选B。

【点评】考查介词短语辨析,区分due to;as to;thanks to;next to的含义。

27.【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意:———上周的地方选举结果如何?——幸运的是,选举中的大多数人转而支持帕克先生。A. in favor of“支持”;B. in memory of “纪念”;C. in honor of“致敬”;D. in charge of“负责”。根据句意可知此处表示“支持”,故A项正确。

【点评】考查介词短语辨析,区分in favor of;in memory of;in honor of和in charge of的

含义。

28.【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意:所有学生都灰心丧气的,因为这个练习超出了班里大多数人的能力。

A. under“在.....下”;

B. beyond“超出”;

C. against“反对”;

D. over“在.....上”。beyond one's ability,固定短语,“超出某人的能力”。故选B。

【点评】考查介词词义辨析,区分under;beyond;against和over的含义。

29.【答案】C

【解析】【分析】考查介词短语辨析。句意为:医生建议她多吃豆类食品来代替可能对她的心脏有害的肉类。in place of代替,顶替,符合句意。for lack of缺乏,短缺;by means of 借助……手段,依靠……方法;in favour of支持,赞同。

30.【答案】D

【解析】【分析】考查介词。句意:小汤姆改正了自己说谎的毛病。cure sb. of sth.固定短语“改正某人的不良行为”,故选D。

【点评】本题要求考生在理解句义的基础上,进一步准确区分选项中四个介词,牢固掌握它们的用法。

31.【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意:这本书对所有最好的印度电影做了详尽介绍。introduction to...固定短语,“对......的介绍”,故选C。

【点评】考查介词辨析,以及固定短语introduction to...。

32.【答案】C

【解析】【分析】考查介词短语。句意:你说未经他的允许你就拿走了字典,也就是说你偷走了字典。in a word和in one word同义“总之”;in words用语言;in other words换句话说。根据句意可知,前后两句表示相同的含义,属于同位语关系。故C项正确。

【点评】本题要求考生在理解句义的基础上,进一步牢固掌握选项中四个介词短语的含义和用法。

二、语法填空

33.【答案】without

【解析】【分析】句意:空气是很重要的,没有空气人就不能生存。which man can't live是一个定语从句,对air进行补充修饰,without air man can't live,定语从句中介词without提到which前面,故答案为without。

【点评】考查介词的用法,注意定语从句中介词的位置。

34.【答案】with

【解析】【分析】句意:老师手里拿着一本书,进来了。with+宾语+介词短语,在这里表示伴随状态,故填with。

【点评】考查介词,本题涉及with的复合结构。

35.【答案】by

【解析】【分析】句意:在他的工厂里,现在工人们按季节付款。by the season固定短语,“按季(计算)”。故填by。

【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语by the season。

36.【答案】for

【解析】【分析】句意:这就是科学家们所说的s“波”,s代表“第二”。stand for固定短语,“代表”,故填for。

【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语stand for。

37.【答案】beneath

【解析】【分析】句意:当我躺在星空下时,我想到我们已经走了多远。beneath介词,“在……的下面,在……的底下”。介词短语作状语,故填beneath。

【点评】考查介词,本题涉及介词短语作地点状语。

38.【答案】with

【解析】【分析】句意:出国留学的梦想是有代价的。come with固定短语,“伴随……而生”,故填with。

【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语come with。

39.【答案】of/about

【解析】【分析】句意:我们有信心赢得对日本的比赛。be confident of 对做什么事情有信心/确信干什么事,故答案为of/about。

【点评】考查单词在语境中的运用,根据句意,熟记与其搭配的介词具体词组词义。

40.【答案】With the aid of

【解析】【分析】句意:在老师的帮助下,我们的英语进步很大。with the aid of 固定短语,“在.......帮助下”,此处介词短语作状语,故填With the aid of。

【点评】考查固定短语,掌握with the aid of。

41.【答案】in;for

【解析】【分析】句意:Peter匆匆忙忙地去找医生,因为病人身体状况不好。in a hurry固定短语,“匆匆忙忙地”;go for a doctor固定短语,“去请医生”因此答案为in,for。

【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语in a hurry,go for a doctor。

42.【答案】Over

【解析】【分析】句意:随着时间的推移,我变了很多。句中谓语动词是现在完成被动时,前面时表示一段的时间状语词,over time 表示“随着时间的流逝、过去”故答案为:Over。【点评】考查介词表示时间的用法。

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