中科院2005年10月考博试题 B

中国科学院博士研究生入学考试

英语试卷

2005年10月(B卷)

考生须知：

一、本试卷由试卷一(PAPER ONE)和试卷二(PAPER TWO)两部分组成。试卷一为客观题，答卷使用标准化机读答题纸；试卷二为主观题，答卷使用非机读答题纸。

二、请考生一律用HB或2B铅笔填涂标准化机读答题纸，画线不得过细或过短。修改时请用橡皮擦拭干净。若因填涂不符合要求而导致计算机无法识别，责任由考生自负。请保持机读答题纸清洁、无折皱。答题纸切忌折叠。

三、全部考试时间总计180分钟，满分为100分。时间及分值分布如下：

试卷一：

Ⅰ词汇15分钟10分

Ⅱ完形填空15分钟15分

Ⅲ阅读80分钟40分

小计110分钟65分

试卷二：

Ⅳ英译汉30分钟15分

Ⅴ写作40分钟20分

小计70分钟35分

THE CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

ENGLISH ENTRANCE EXAMINA TION

FOR

DOCTORAL CANDIDATES

October 2005(B)

PAPER ONE

PART ⅠVOCABULARY (15 minutes, 10 points, 0.5 point each)

Directions: Choose the word or expression below each sentence that best completes the statement, and mark the corresponding letter of your choice with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.

1. Many people believe reckless drivers are treated too .

A. hardly

B. tenderly

C. leniently

D. friendly

2. After more than two hours of heated argument, the judge adjourned the until next Tuesday.

A. gathering

B. hearing

C. meeting

D. suing

3. The dog was so that his master hung a weight from his neck.

A. suspicious

B. miserable

C. mischievous

D. spoiled

4. She was repairing Billy’s trousers, where the had come undone.

A. edge

B. seam

C. line

D. rim

5. About a century ago, the Swedish physical scientist Arrhenius proposed a law of classical chemistry that chemical reaction rate temperature.

A. relates...to

B. regards... as

C. represents...by

D. contributes...to

6. She had resolved not to make any to their marriage unless he raised the question.

A. allusion

B. assumption

C. inflammation

D. inclusion

7. Our flagrant disregard for the law attacks the of this society.

A. layer

B. essence

C. foundation

D. framework

8. He who permits himself to tell a lie once, finds it much easier to do it a second and

a third time until it becomes habitual.

A. at once

B. at length

C. at end

D. at times

9. Y ou solemnly advised them so as to return them to your law, but they behaved and did not obey your commandments.

A. presumptuously

B. presumptively

C. profoundly

D. presumably

10. The government was forced to extra funds for the new airport.

A. leave off

B. sign away

C. set aside

D. hold up

11. After the vocal concert, the clean-up crew found the campus with candy wrappers,bottles and cans.

A. covered

B. scattered

C. dispersed

D. littered

12. The firemen came to their soon after they received the emergency call.

A. safeguard

B. security

C. safety

D. rescue

13. The architect must respond to the cultural concerns of society and pay attention to the functional and aesthetic aspect of the buildings.

A. at large

B.at heart

C. at most

D. at best

14. The earthquake was followed by two shakings.

A. attached

B. consistent

C. successive

D. precedent

15. The sugar plant was forced to 1,100 black workers because people in the US and Canada would not buy South African products.

A. let down

B. lay off

C. wipe out

D. take on

16. If you insist on carrying out this mad experiment, you will have to the consequences.

A. run into

B. choke back

C. bear out

D. answer for

17. The advancement of ironworking in the United States put an end to this menace, much to the of both passengers and railroad employees alike.

A. discontent

B. dismay

C. relief

D. glory

18. All of you will be wise to remember that Miss Trunchbull deals very severely with anyone who gets in this school.

A. off the track

B. out of standard

C. out of line

D. off focus

19. Dismissals are likely to be fair that the employer can show a good business reason for the move and that adequate consultation took place.

A. so

B. for

C. viewing

D. provided

20. This has been forwarded to us “in ”by the FBI and you are asked to treat the information accordingly.

A. confidence

B. mystery

C. dark

D. express

PART ⅡCLOZE TEST (15 minutes, 15 points)

Directions: For each blank in the following passage, choose the best answer from the four choices given below. Mark the corresponding letter of your choice with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.

To its fans, it is addictive. To the media, it is a promising money-maker. Sudoku, an old puzzle long popular in Japan is fast 21 popularity the world over. In Britain, a sudoku book is a bestseller and national newspapers are competing 22 to publish the most, and the most fiendish,puzzles. 23 , the puzzle is being published in newspapers from Australia to Croatia to America.Even the New Y ork Times is considering introducing sudoku in its Sunday magazine, 24 its venerated crossword.

The game’s 25 is that its roles are as simple as its solution is complex. On a board of nine-by-nine 26 most of them empty, players must fill in each one with a number 27 each row (left to fight), column (top to bottom) and block (in bold lines) 28 1 to 9. Advanced 29 use bigger boards or add letters from the alphabet.

Sudoku—the Japanese word combines “number”and “single”—seems perfectly 30 to modern times, a puzzle for an era when people are more 31 than literate. And like globalism itself, sudoku transcends borders by 32 no translation.

The overall 33 of puzzles is hard to measure but revenues in America from magazines,syndicated newspaper sales, books, and online and phone services are almost $ 200m annually.The New Y ork Times earns millions of dollars a year from its crosswords and hundreds of thousands 34 a special phone service that provides 35 . Over 30,000 people pay $35 a year for the newspaper’s e-mail version.

21. A. missing B. starting C. losing D. gaining

22. A. casually B. randomly C. pretentiously D. feverishly

23. A. Consequently B. Meanwhile C. Eventually D. Nevertheless

24. A. except B. alongside C. aside D. besides

25. A. drawback B. imagination C. appeal D. contradiction

26. A. points B. cubes C. boxes D. squares

27. A. so that B. in that C. by that D. for that

28. A. completes B. contains C. counts D. concludes

29. A. books B. copies C. rules D. versions

30. A. suited B. convertible C. switched D. feasible

31. A. literary B. numerous C. numerate D. confused

32. A. acquiring B. requiring C. requesting D. enquiring

33. A. drawback B. business C. design D. difficulty

34. A. from B. of C. with D. by

35. A. pins B. codes C. hints D. bookings

PART ⅢREADING COMPREHENSION

Section A(60 minutes, 30 points)

Directions: Below each of the following passages you will find some questions or incomplete statements. Each question or statement is followed by four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Read each passage carefully, and then select the choice that best answers the question or completes the statement. Mark the letter of your choice with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet. Passage One

It is hard to imagine a large city without policemen, but such was the situation in London in the early part of the eighteenth century. There was no organized police force to apprehend criminals.There were public watchmen, but they were generally feeble old men, unfit for more strenuous assignment.

There were also constables appointed to keep the peace. The position of constable was an honor, given only to trustworthy men. The constable was unpaid, however. It was part of the constable’s duty to raise the “hue and cry”after an escaping eriminal. On hearing the hue and cry all passers-by were supposed to join in the pursuit, but in practice, not many passers-by could be persuaded to help. It was too dangerous a task, and the constable was unarmed.

Working behind most of the thieves were the receivers of stolen property, who had organized the thieves and rogues into gangs. One gang robbed on the main roads into London, one covered the churches, and one covered entertainments and public functions. One of the most notorious receivers, Jonathan Wild, set up a special brigade that would find employment as servants and then pilfer from the household or open the doors at night for other robbers to enter. He had a staff of mechanics for altering watches and jewelry, warehouses to store the loot, and a sloop to convey certain stolen goods to the Continent, where they could be sold in safety.

The authorities might have taken stronger steps against Wild had he not been so useful as a thief taker. He knew every criminal, as he employed most of them himself. Whenever it suited his purpose, he would hand a man over to the authorities for hanging. This also provided Wild with a very effective means of controlling his men. Everyman knew that if he disobeyed the boss he would be betrayed and would quickly find himself on the gallows. It was novelist Henry Fielding, who was also a London magistrate, who finally thought of equipping regular patrols with arms and uniforms and sending them out to police the streets ofLondon. His half brother, Sir John Fielding, organized these first “patrols.”At first these groups were financed by rich citizens, who were willing to pay for their security, but later they were taken over by the government. The Fielding’s “patrols”became a real police force.

36. The first constables in London in the early part of the 18th century were .

A. respected citizens

B. paid officials

C. old people

D. professional policemen

37. Most passers-by did not join in the hue and cry because they were .

A. on the criminal’s side

B. afraid of dangers

C. not so quick in reaction

D. used to the situation

38. Wild made money by .

A. solving cases of theft

B. searching for lost property

C. commanding robbers and thieves

D. stealing people’s property himself

39. Wild organized a special group to .

A. help him take care of housework

B. dispose watches and jewelry

C. dispose unwanted items

D. commit burglary

40. The authorities let Wild alone because .

A. he sometimes turned wanted criminals over to them

B. his turn of being dealt with had not yet come

C. no one was brave enough to go after him

D. he bribed the officials all the time

41. Henry Fielding got the idea for a police force when he .

A. wrote a detective novel

B. served as an official

C. once helped a victim

D. received private funding

Passage Two

Once it was possible to sum up trends in American art with a few proper phrases—“abstract,gestural painting”could have served at one point, or “return to figuration”at another. Today it is much more difficult to identify the dominant approach with anywhere near this kind of precision. In part, this is because art has changed, in part because the world has changed. Nevertheless, I believe that there are sets of tendencies that art today is following.

But first of all, it might be helpful to look more closely at the idea of “American art.”This apparently simple category is actually much more complex than it appears. The conviction that there is such a thing as “American style”painting or sculpture that reflects some typically “American”quality was once an absolute belief of modernist art criticism. Today, however,“American art”is no longer a simple matter of geography, national origin, or point of view. Instead, the globalization of markets, the ease of international communication, and the movement of artists from one country to another have all contributed to an art world without firm concepts of national identity. It is common for artists to list multiple countries as their home.

This fluidity is an important element in any discussion of American art today. The evaporation of the borders between nations, at least in the field of art, mirrors the disappearance of all kinds of other boundaries as well. Hardly anyone worries about the unique characteristics of painting and sculpture any more. Just as artists move around the globe, they jump effortlessly across media, producing work that simultaneously incorporates not only traditional materials but also digital technology, photography, performance, music, film, and video.

Similarly, “public art”once meant a massive sculpture set on a public square. Now public art is just as likely to appear on the Internet or to involve small groups of community members working together on a project of local interest. Equally changed is the old idea that art should confine itself to its own sphere. Artists today incorporate science, politics, religion, architecture, and ecology into their work and hope to have

impact that stretches far beyond the gallery walls.

42. By mentioning “return to figuration”, the author shows that .

A. we were able to identify the tendencies of American art in the past

B. figuration is the solution to the problem with American art

C. American art is repeating its history

D. figuration will become the characteristics of American art

43. Compared with the past, it is now more difficult to .

A. produce characteristic art works

B. discover devoted artists

C. present art works to the public

D. characterize American art

44. In the past, “American art”.

A. was a variable concept

B. was an explicit concept

C. was not widely acknowledged abroad

D. was not properly practiced by artists

45. The second paragraph implies that today’s artists often .

A. take pride in holding exhibitions in America

B. stress the commercial value of their art work

C. prefer to live in foreign countries

D. have variable national conceptions

46. By mentioning painting and sculpture together, the author implies that people believe .

A. they are causing controversy

B. they are becoming popular

C. there is no need to tell them apart

D. it may be necessary to preserve their traditions

47. The passage tells us that today’s artists produce works by means of .

A. becoming good photographers

B. changing the definition of fluidity

C. creating boundaries

D. applying various media

48. What can be learned about artists in modern societies?

A. They hope to expand the world of art.

B. They are eager to promote art in streets.

C. They regard technology as their most important tool.

D. They believe that art should confine itself to its own sphere.

Passage Three

Charles Paul and his wife, Hazel, stopped using the motor home they bought several years ago;it sits idle behind their house in Richardson, Texas. Travel is just one sacrifice they made to pay for the cost of their prescriptions, more than a dozen medications for the two of them. They found relief by switching drugstores, to one in nearby McKinney. A prescription for Paul’s diabetes had cost $89.88 when he got it from a national chain but dropped down to $58 from McKinney’s Smith Drug. Smith, which claims to be the oldest drugstore in Texas, has been getting a lot of attention since a Dallas newspaper touted its astoundingly low prices. The overwhelming response from the public has been “a little scary,”says co-owner Kaylei Mosier. She says the store simply marks each prescription up enough to cover

its costs, but for many prescriptions that’s a lot lower than at other stores.

The Smith Drug story has highlighted a little-known fact: prescription prices vary from city to city and block to block, and a little research can save consumers hundreds or thousands of dollars.Insurance copays can make these differences invisible, but they’re a huge deal to the 45 million uninsured Americans.

Why the price swings? Howard Schiff, executive director of the Maryland Pharmacists Association, explains that pharmacies generally buy their drugs from a wholesaler, who doesn’t sell to every drugstore at the same price. Once the drug is in the pharmacy, each owner chooses how much to mark it up. Because fewer than 10 percent of consumers comparison-shop for prescriptions the way they might for a quart of milk—and drug prices generally are not advertised—pharmacies don’t worry that higher prices will drive people away，says Stanford economist Alan Scorensen. There is a downside to hopping from drugstore to drugstore. If people price-shop, they’re going to lose some protection that comes from having one pharmacy track all your medications. Going to many pharmacies keeps one pharmacist from noticing potentially harmful interactions between prescriptions. Comparison-shopping is further complicated because pharmacies that have the best price on one drug don’t usually have the lowest prices across the board, so finding a good price on one drug at

a pharmacy does not guarantee a cheaper total bill.

49. Charles and his wife haven’t traveled for long because .

A. their motor home was not in good condition

B. they wanted to save for medicines

C. they have been too weak to do so

D. they didn’t get their doctor’s permission

50. We learn that the oldest drugstore in Texas, Smith, .

A. surprises people when its low prices are reported

B. sells prescriptions at a prices below their costs

C. is an unprofitable business

D. had many scared customers after a news report

51. Who may care LEAST about the varied prices?

A. Those who are uninsured.

B. Those who are insured.

C. Those who comparison-shop for drugs.

D. Those doing research in drugstores.

52. Some drugstores can sell drugs at a higher price than others because .

A. people may have more choices over the same product

B. not many people know the price differences

C. some drugstores spend more on ads than others

D. drugs were bought from different wholesalers

53. The word “downside”used in the last paragraph refers to .

A. the poor service in tracking medications

B. the trend of reducing drug prices

C. the popularity of comparison-shopping

D. the drawback of switching drugstores

Passage Four

Just when I thought I’d escaped my likely fate, I went to prison.

I had been visiting a friend in Crystal City, Virginia. I left her hotel around 9:30 in the evening and called a cab back to D.C. As we drove down Jefferson Davis Highway, a cop stopped us. He pulled his gun, told me to get out and put my hands up. Four more cars arrived. The cop who arrested me had overheard the private security guards on their walkie-talkies saying that they were looking for a black guy who had stolen $50 and that they had seen me getting into a cab. I had $223.94, a Rolex and a rack of credit cards. I saw the man I had supposedly robbed for the first time at my trial.

I brought my own lawyer to court, but the judge said he had known my court-appointed public defender for ten years, that he was good for the job and that I could not use my own lawyer. When I protested, the judge said, “We can either do this with you here or with you in the bullpen.”Half of my jury was selected while I was in the bullpen. I was sentenced to seven years.

It was all unjust. But none of it, not one fact of my case, is unique. It happens to one in three black men, every day.

I had found the paths to success in college and then in training with well-known brokerage houses. I had built a profitable financial consulting firm working 70 hours a week, always trying to make more, prove more, be more. I thought that if I could close one more deal, break one more record, trespass one more line, maybe I wouldn’t walk around feeling like my colors were spilling out with no border to define them.

I can still taste the metallic rage I felt that first day in prison. I was shackled hand and foot,being led by two black captors who were “just doing their jobs.”They pushed me into my cell.Snow blew through the broken Window and piled up on the thin plastic mattress.

Alone, without money, without position, without even a name, only a number, I realized that everything I’d believed in was a lie. If my choices were dictated by someone else’s sensibilities about what was valuable, how could I have been free? I had known superficial luxuries, but real freedom is an inside job. I had ne ver known that feeling. And for that I sat on the cold cement floor and cried.

54. The author had been trying .

A. not to be treated like many other blacks

B. not to be caught while stealing at the hotel

C. to avoid the punishment for his speed driving

D. to keep calm when confronted with the police

55. The author got arrested because .

A. he was suspected of robbery

B. he had stolen over 200 dollars

C. he had robbed a taxi driver

D. he was guilty of defiance against law

56. The author’s defending lawyer in court .

A. was hired by the defendant

B. was paid by the government

C. shared the jury’s opinions

D. did a good job for the author

57. According to the author, on average every day .

A. more than 1/3 of blacks are given a court trial

B. over 30% of blacks are wronged

C. over 30% of blacks tried are wrongly convicted

D. more than 1/3 of blacks are convicted of serious crimes .

58. The clause “my colors...to define them”(in boldface in Para. 5) implies that the author

A. was seen as nothing but a black

B. was treated like a white man

C. regretted being born black

D. believed he was the best in blacks

59. For the author, the two black captors who pushed him into his cell were .

A. unfairly treated like himsel

B. helping do him injustice

C. among those dishonest blacks

D. just earning their living

60. In prison the author realized that .

A. he could never overtake whites in career

B. he had never been able to enjoy true freedom

C. he had taken a wrong path to success

D. he could enjoy freedom without luxuries

Passage Five

Hell is for those who are offered the light but spurn it. The heathens are blameless if they ignore a gospel that they have never heard, but damnation awaits our neighbors who have been shown the way and refuse to take it. Speakers of a foreign language are like the heathens; they are forgivable because their only fault has been the lack of opportunity to learn to talk as we do. We resent the speakers of some unfamiliar dialect of our own language because they have had the opportunity—they prove this by the fact that we can usually understand them—but have obviously misapplied it. So we do what we can to bring them into line, as we may once have been brought into line ourselves. The method is not necessarily crude or heartless and its human targets are not necessarily victims: there are always learners—outsiders moving in, younger generations moving up—and they may be as eager to take as we are to give. Especially when the gift is advertised as part of the “cultural heritage”with prestige at stake. The art object in question is an establishment dialect, the “standard,”which nearly every society sees fit to impose in the schools and to promote through the great army of language wholesalers: the reporters of news, writers of stories, preachers of sermons,and pleaders of cases and causes. In most modern societies the teaching of the standard language—including writing—probably absorbs more educational resources than any other single effort.

To the extent that it is codified, the substance of what is taught is known as normative or prescriptive grammar. Textbooks embodying it—which are a mixture of description along traditional lines and comparisons of good and bad usage—make up the great bulk of writing on language, and go back to its very beginnings. In the ancient world they were mostly individual products, but with the Renaissance there came a change. An epidemic of learned societies swept Italy and spread across Europe—“academies,”they were called, each with special interests ranging from meteorology to the study of Petrarch. Two of the later Italian academies, which were devoted largely to matters of language and are still in existence, were quite influential in establishing bodies in other countries.

61. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that .

A. a Frenchman who can’t learn English well should be damned

B. a Cantonese who doesn’t speak standard Chinese are unpopular

C. an Italian who can only speak an Italian dialect is a heathen

D. a German who often incorrectly pronounces Swedish should be resented

62. The author’s primary purpose is most probably to .

A. refute an argument

B. correct a misconception

C. justify an occurrence

D. reveal a mystery

63. The passage says that a standard language can be promoted by all the following people EXCEPT .

A. journalists

B. writers

C. clergymen

D. officials

64. We can infer from the second paragraph that .

A. everyone has some flaws in their accent

B. standard language may suggest high social status

C. people with non-standard language are eager to learn

D. it is wrong to impose language standards in schools

65. According to the passage, the Renaissance witnessed a change .

A. from prescriptive to descriptive grammar in language teaching

B. from respect to disrespect to the “culture heritage”

C. from individual to academic efforts to advocate standard language

D. from language oriented to various subjects oriented teaching

Section B (20 minutes, 10 points)

Directions: In each of the following passages, five sentences have been removed from the original text. They are listed from A to F and put below the passage. Choose the most suitable sentence from the list to fill in each of the blanks (numbered 66 to 75). For each passage, there is one sentence that does not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on your Machine -scoring Answer Sheet.

Passage One

The term “Further Education”is the name given, in Britain, to a very broad and diverse range of post-school education. 66 There is also a vast and varied provision of evening classes. For many older people, evening study was the only way they could pursue their education and they still think of the institution that provided it as “Night School”.

Nowadays, however, the opportunities for Further Education at all levels and for all ages are manifold. 67 They are provided in a widely differing set of institutions. The majority of the lower level courses, relating mainly to apprenticeship schemes and qualifications, are provided in Colleges of Further Education or Technical Colleges. Middle level courses are also offered in Technical Colleges with those having a good share of more advanced work being called “Colleges of Technology”. The great bulk of advanced studies and degree level work is undertaken in the Polytechnics. 68 V ery few of the broad divisions here are clear cut; there is much overlapping.

One of the major areas of “overlap”that has occurred during the past ten years or so has been between the school system and Further Education. There has been a growing

provision of “Six Form”Level studies in colleges of Further Education and Technical Colleges during this period and almost all of the “non-advanced”technical colleges now offer a broad spread of subjects for the GCE advanced Level (‘A’level) examinations. 69 A few Local Education Authorities have decided, partly because of this existing trend and partly for reasons of economy, that all the postsixteen education in certain areas—both technical and academic—should be amalgamated in oneestablishment; such amalgamated institutions are called “Tertiary Colleges”.

70 The Tech has played an important part in British educational history and its role will be no less important in the future.

A. Whatever the type of establishment and its range of educational provision, most of the local inhabitants will probably refer to it as “the Tech”.

B. We must make the leap forward and embrace the development of the knowledge-based economy.

C. Many sixth form students seem to prefer the more adult atmosphere of the Technical College to that of the school.

D. The courses provided range from the most elementary, directly vocationally-orientated kind, to those at degree level or beyond.

E. Some is full-time, some is part-time and some is half-and-half with periods at college alternating with periods at work.

F. But there are a number of specialized colleges such as the London College of Printing and the National College of Agricultural Engineering.

Passage Two

For years, youth sports pushers tried to get us hooked: Organized sports, they said, offered a natural high and would build character in our children. 71 But there are high-functioning cokeheads too. Like every American, I have close friends whose families struggle with a youth sports addiction. So let’s talk about the dark side of the youth sports epidemic.

First off, when they’re spending every spare second at soccer practice, children lose that crucial downtime they need for exercising their imaginations, as well as their limbs. And Dr.Lenny Wiersma, co-director of the Center for the Advancement of Responsible Y outh Sport, warns that when kids miss out on “the old sandbox and informal games,”they also lose opportunities to develop peer interactions that are “organized and regulated by themselves.”

72 The Michigan study cited above also found a sixfold increase in the time children spent on “passive, spectator leisure,”as more and more kids found themselves dragged off to watch their siblings’sports events.

Organized youth sports also cut into relaxed family time. 73 That’s not to speak of all the exhausted parents who put their own interests—and relationships—on hold for a decade, devoting every free minute to hauling their kids from game to game.

Of course, organized sports isn’t the only culprit. 74

The pressure can leave even high-achieving kids exhausted, demoralized and at risk of “selfdestructive behaviors,”Harvard’s admissions office warns. Harvard now

urges that applicants “take some sort of timeout before burnout becomes the hallmark of their generation.”Parents: Just say no. Rip up that T-ball signup sheet; throw out the expensive soccer cleats. If you want an activity that develops character and physical skills, encourage the kids to help build houses with Habitat for Humanity.

But the rest of the time, let them do what generations of American children did before them:climb trees, build backyard forts, play hopscotch and endless games of tag.

75

A. Some children possess genuine athletic talent, and in the youth sports programs they really stands out and become more confident.

B. It’s time to give childhood back to our children.

C. Like secondhand smoke, a child’s involvement in youth sports can have detrimental side effects on others.

D. And it’s true that organized youth sports work out fine for some families.

E. It’s just one reflection of the middle-class American insistence on over-scheduling our children, rushing them between soccer practices, piano lessons, French lessons and SA T prep classes.

F. The same study found that families today spend a third less time eating dinners together, and 28% less time taking family vacations.

PAPER TWO

PART ⅣTRANSLATION (30 minutes, 15 points)

Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Write your pieces of Chinese version in the proper space on your Answer Sheet Ⅱ.

Think of Apple’s recent decision to start using Intel chips in its Macs as just one move in the mating dance that continually consumes the computing industry. It’s like high school—one week you and your friends are ridiculing a girl, and the next week you’re going steady with her. 1) Intel,like a glowing but social—climbing dance queen, sees Apple as a partner that can help it stay powerful and move into even classier circles over time. And though Apple has laughed at Intel’s technology for decades, it finally had no choice but to embrace it.

For Intel, this deal means a lot more than gaining a relatively small new customer.(With Apple’s global PC market share at 1.9%, its annual business is equivalent to about five weeks of Intel’s shipments to Dell.) In important ways the move positions Intel for the future. That is why it spent eight years courting Apple. 2) Executives several times thought they had a deal with Apple’s CEO, Steve Jobs (斯蒂夫·乔布斯), only to find themselves disappointed.

But Intel persisted, in part because Apple may help it tackle a big strategic challenge.

3) Intel currently lacks a substantial position in any of three critical and fast-growing tech categories, all of them consumer-related: game boxes, cell-phones, and portable devices like Apple’s iPod. Consumer computing—not the world of business tech that Intel dominates—has become the locus of tech innovation. And Jobs has shown himself capable of figuring out how to stay at the cutting edge of consumer taste; Apple is building must-have devices. 4) With Jobs as partner, Intel should be better able to compete with Microsoft and Sony，who each want their upcoming

IBM-powered game boxes to be the main multi-media device for the home.

For its part, Apple needed Intel because IBM, which makes its current processors, couldn’t supply chips for notebook PCs, the industry’s fastest-growing category. IBM had no intention of spending vast amounts to make its chips work in the low-power versions necessary for notebooks. 5）That’s because Apple is its only PC customer and just doesn’t buy enough chips to make IBM’s investment worthwhile. Intel, by contrast, sells processors to scores of PC makers, and invested hundreds of millions of dollars in its Centrino chips for notebooks. Intel has an aggressive roadmap for its full line of chips, and Apple may now employ any of them.

PART ⅤWRITING (40 minutes, 20 points)

Directions: Write an essay of no less than 200 words on the topic given below. Use