考研英语核心词汇速成胜经27

考研英语核心词汇速成胜经Unit 27

一、真题文章（1994年text 2）

One hundred and thirteen million Americans have at least one bank-issued credit card. They give their owners automatic credit in stores, restaurants, and hotels, at home, across the country, and even abroad, and they make many banking services available as well. More and more of these credit cards can be read automatically, making it possible to withdraw or deposit money in scattered locations, whether or not the local branch bank is open. For many of us the "cashless society" is not on the horizon—it's already here.

While computers offer these conveniences to consumers, they have many advantages for sellers too. Electronic cash registers can do much more than simply ring up sales. They can keep a wide range of records, including who sold what, when, and to whom. This information allows businessmen to keep track of their list of goods by showing which items are being sold and how fast they are moving. Decisions to reorder or return goods to suppliers can then be made. At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employees are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly. And they also identify preferred customers for promotional campaigns. Computers are relied on by manufacturers for similar reasons. Computer-analyzed marketing reports can help to decide which products to emphasize now, which to develop for the future, and which to drop. Computers keep track of goods in stock, of raw materials on hand, and even of the production process itself.

Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine

publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers.

二、译文

一亿一千三百万美国人至少每人拥有一张银行发行的信用卡。信用卡使其持有者在商场、饭店、宾馆、家中、国内、甚至国外都拥有信用，同时也能提供许多银行业务。随着越来越多的信用卡可以自动被读取，无论地方的银行分支机构是否在营业，人们在分散的各地去存钱和取钱都变得可能。对我们中的许多人来说，一个“没有现金的社会”已经不在那么遥远了——它已经到来了。

正当计算机给消费者提供这些便利的同时，它们也给商家提供了很多方便。电子收款机比简单的收款机能做的事情多的多。电子收款机能保留一个大范围的记录，包括谁卖了什么、什么时间卖的、以及卖给了谁。这些信息使得商家能够跟踪货物信息，通过了解什么商品正在被销售以及其销售的速度，商人们从而做出再次订货或将货物退还给供货商的决定。同时，计算机也能记录下营业的高峰时间，以及哪些雇员的工作效率最高，从而帮助雇主有针对性的做出人事的安排。这些记录还能显示促销活动针对的顾客群。也正是因为相似的原因，产品制造商也要依赖电脑。电脑分析的市场报告能帮助决定哪些商品是现在的重点，哪些将来要研发和哪些应该淘汰。电脑能够记录库存情况、手头原材料的多少，甚至生产过程本身。

从剧院到杂志发行商，从气电站到牛奶加工厂，数不清的其他商业企业通过电脑向消费者提供更好更高效率的服务。

三、考研核心词汇

issue / 5isju: / n.事件，问题vi.1发行；流出2造成……结果

[例]“Many people fail to grasp what is really at issue here”(Gail Sheehy)“很多人都没有领会到这里到底在争论什么”(盖尔·希伊)

[固定搭配]at issue待解决的；争议中的；take issue对…持异议；

credit /5kredit / n.1信任2信用,声望3学分,荣誉vt.相信,信任

[例]Y ou should have no trouble getting the loan if your credit is good.如果你信誉良好，要取得这笔贷款就没有什么问题了。

[同义]belief, faith, trust

[派生]credible / 5kredEbl / adj. 可信的,可靠的

[固定搭配]be bare of credit名誉不好,无信誉；be to sb.'s credit为某人增光；crack credit失信用；

automatic / 7C:tE5mAtik / n. 自动机械 adj. 自动的,无意识的

[例]The heating system in the hotel has an automatic temperature control.旅馆里的取暖系统是自动调温的。

[同义]spontaneous

available /E5veilEbl / adj.可用到的,可利用的,有用的

[例]Attention, please. These tickets are available on (the) day of issue only.请注意,这种车票仅在发售当天有效。

[反义]hinder

[派生]availability / E7veilE5biliti / n. 可用性,有效性,实用性

avail / E5veil / vi. 有益于,有帮助,有用 vt.有利于 n. 效用,利益[固定搭配]make sth. available to使……可以享受某物;使……买得起某物；make sth. available for使……可以享受某物;

withdraw / wiT5drC: / vt. 收回,撤消 vi.缩回,退出 v. 撤退

[例]He withdrew from the race.他退出比赛。

[同义]abandon，deduct，extract，quit，recede，remove，retreat

deposit /di5pCzit/ n.1堆积物,沉淀物2存款3押金vt.存放；堆vi.沉淀[例]She deposited her money in the bank.她把钱存在银行里。

[派生]deposition / 7depE5ziFEn / n. 沉积作用,沉积物,革职,废王位,免职

[固定搭配]b ank deposit银行存款；demand deposit活期存款；

petty current deposit小额(零存)活期存款；on deposit储存;

time deposit定期存款；deposit sth. With把某物存放在...

scatter /5skAtEd/ n. 离散，分散

[例]The farmer scattered the corn in the yard for the hens. 农民把谷子撒在院子里喂鸡。

[同义]spread, disperse

location / lEu5keiFEn / n. 位置,场所,特定区域

[例]Have they decided on the location of the new building yet?这座新建筑的位置你们定下来了吗？

horizon / hE5raizn / n. 地平线

[例]I could see a ship on the horizon.我可以看见地平线上有一艘轮船。

[派生]horizontal / 7hCri5zCntl / adj. 地平线的,水平的

[固定搭配]on the horizon在地平线上;在遥远的将来

convenience /kEn5vi:njEns / n. 便利,方便,有益

[例]Gas is one of the modern conveniences the newly-built apartment building provides.这座新造的公寓大楼装有煤气等现代化设备。

[派生]convenient / kEn5vi:njEnt / adj. 便利的,方便的

register /5redVistE /n.记录,登记簿vt.记录,登记,注册vi.1登记,注册2挂号

[例]The machine registered how fast we were going.这台机器指示出我们进行得有多快。

track /trAk / n.1轨迹,车辙2跟踪vt.循路而行,追踪vi.追踪

[例]The hunter followed the animal's tracks.猎人追踪动物的足迹。

efficient /i5fiFEnt / adj. 有效率的,能干的

[例]This new copy machine is more efficient than the old one.这台新复印机比那台旧的效率高。

[同义] effective, competent, capable

[派生]efficiency / i5fiFEnsi / n. 效率,功效

personnel / 7pE:sE5nel / n. 人员,职员

[例]All personnel were asked to participate.全体员工都被要求参加。

[同义] staff

staff /stB:f / n. 全体职员 vt. 供给人员,充当职员

[例]The company has got a staff of about 40.这家公司大约有40名雇员。

assignment / E5sainmEnt /n.1分配,委派2任务,课外；作业

[例]What are today's assignment?今天的作业是什么?

[派生]assign / E5sain / vt. 分配,指派 v. 赋值

accordingly / E5kC:diNli / adv. 因此,从而

[例]He was asked to leave the city and accordingly he went.有人叫他离开该城市,所以他就走了。

[派生]accord / E5kC:d / n.一致,符合vt. 一致

accordance / E5kC:dEns / n. 一致,和谐

identify / ai5dentifai / vt. 识别,鉴别, v. 确定

[例]That politician is too closely identified with the former government to become a minister in ours.那位政客被认为与上届政府关系过于密切,不能成为本届政府里的部长。

[同义]recognize, distinguish

[派生]identification / ai7dentifi5keiFEn / n. 辨认,鉴定,证明

identify / ai5dentifai / vt.识别,鉴别,把...和...看成一样 v. 确定

promotional /prEJ`mEJFEnEl / adj. 增进的,奖励的

[派生]promotion / prE5mEuFEn / n. 促进,发扬,提升,提拔,晋升

promote /prE5mEut / vt. 促进,发扬,提升,提拔,晋升为

campaign /kAm5pein / n. 竞选运动 vi. 参加活动,从事活动；作战

[例]Grant's Vicksburg campaign secured the entire Mississippi for the Union.格兰特的维克伯格战役为联邦挽救了整个密西西比.

manufacturer / 7mAnju5fAktFErE / n. 制造业者,厂商

[例]The washing machine doesn’t work, so we sent it back to the manufacturers.这台洗衣机坏了，所以我们把它送回制造厂家。

[派生]manufacture / 7mAnju5fAktFE / vt. 制造,加工 n. 制造,制造业；产品

analyze / 5AnElaiz / vt. 分析,分解

[例]The scientist analyzed the milk and found it contained too much water. 科学家分析了一下牛奶，发现里面含水分过多。

[反义]synthesize

[派生]analysis / E5nAlisis / n. 分析,分解

analyst / 5AnElist / n. 分析家,分解者

emphasize / 5emfEsaIz / vt. 强调,着重 v. 强调

[例] I must emphasize the fact that they are only children.我必须强调这一事实,即他们只不过是孩子。

[反义]ignore, neglect

[派生]emphasis / 5emfEsis / n. 强调,重点

raw / rC: / adj.未加工的,生疏的,处于自然状态的 vt.擦伤

[例]All these are raw materials.这些都是原材料。

numerous / 5nju:mErEs / adj. 众多的,许多的,无数的

[例]Those birds have become more numerous lately. 近来那种鸟变得越来越多了。

[同义] many,a lot of

commercial / kE5mE:FEl / adj. 商业的,贸易的

[例]A commercial college teaches things that would be useful in business.商学院教授那些在商业中可能会有用的东西。

[派生]commerce / 5kCmE(:)s / n. 商业

utility /ju:5tiliti / n. 效用,有用

[例]A commodity or service, such as electricity, water, or public transportation, that is provided by a public utility.公用事业：由公用事业公司提供的商品或服务，如电力，水和公共交通

[派生]utilize /ju:5tIlaIz / vt.利用

processor /5prEusesE / n. 处理机处理器

[例]a wood pulp processor纸浆加工机

[派生]process / prE5ses / n. 过程,作用,方法,程序 vt. 加工

processive /prEJ`sesIv / adj. 前进的,进行的,向前的

四、强化练习

1、He received full＿＿for his studies at a previous school.

A. commerce

B. process

C. production

D. credit

2、The young army officer was＿＿(to the rank of) captain.

A. scattered

B. promoted

C. utilized

D. located

3、I'm sorry, those overcoats are not＿＿in your color and size.

A. numerous

B. commercial

C. horizontal

D. available

4、A transmission or a motor vehicle with an＿＿gear-shifting mechanism.

A. personnel

B. staff

C. analyzed

D. automatic

5、I＿＿the jacket at once; it was my brother's.

A. identified

B. assigned

C. registered

D. deposited

6、The firm is now in the＿＿of moving the main equipment to a new place.

A. emphasis

B. raw

C. utility

D. process

7、The teacher＿＿paper and pencils to all the children.

A. infer

B. initiated

C. issued

D. manifested

8、The two governments＿＿a day for the next negotiation.

A. humble

B. elite

C. emitted

D. assigned

9、The new secretary is a quick,＿＿worker, and the boss is quite satisfied with her.

A. efficiency

B. effective

C. efficient

D. dim

10、Our country has been trying to broaden its＿＿with other nations.

A. hatch

B. resume

C. volunteer

D. commerce

答案：DBDDA DCDCD