李海平老师笔译全书

英汉翻译

教案

Unit 1 翻译概述

1.1 翻译的定义与分类

翻译是把一种语言文字所表达的思维内容用另一种语言表达出来的双语转换过程或结果。翻译是一种语言活动过程，又是该活动的结果。

翻译是创造性实践活动，它形成于社会、文化和语言现实之中，同时又为促进社会、文化和语言发展服务。

语言是文化的载体，翻译过程涉及两种语言、两种社会文化；是通过语言机制的转换连接或沟通自身文化和异国文化的桥梁；是具有不同语言文化背景的人互相交际、交流思想，达到相互了解的媒介。

翻译属于交叉学科，它与语言学、符号学、修辞学、心理学、人类学等有着密切联系。它正在发展成为一个自成体系的独立学科——翻译学。

翻译又是一门艺术。翻译美学是翻译学的不可分割的组成部分。

翻译是一种融理论、技能、艺术于一体的语言实践活动。

翻译一般分为三类：

（1）按翻译手段可分为：口译（interpretation）、笔译（translation）和机器翻译（machine translation）。

（2）按源出语（sourced language）和目的语（target language）的关系，可分为：a）语际翻译（interlingual translation：指发生在不同语言之间的翻译活动，诸如英汉互译、法英互译等。）

b）语内翻译（intralingual translation：指同一语言内部进行的翻译，如方言与民族共同语，古语与现代语等。）

c）符际翻译（intersemiotic translation：指不同符号之间进行的翻译，此类翻译往往只限于通讯及保密等工作。）

（3）按翻译题材，可分为政论翻译、应用文翻译、科技翻译、文学翻译等。

不同类型的翻译有着不同的要求，学习时应注意它们的共性和个性。

1.2 翻译的过程

1.3 翻译的标准

Unit 2 翻译标准练习

练习1： It may be safely assumed that, two thousand years ago, before Caesar set foot in southern Britain, the whole countryside visible from the windows of the room, in which I write, was in what is called ‘the state of nature’.

(1)赫胥黎独处一室之中，在英伦之南，背山而面野，槛外诸境，历历如在

目下。乃悬想二千年前，当罗马大将恺彻未到时，此间有何景物。

(2)可以有把握地设想，在两千年前，凯撒大将尚未率军进入不列南部时，

从我写作的这间屋子窗口看到的整个原野，当时是处于所谓的‘自然状

态’之中。

练习 2：

The Second Daughter

Yang Xiaoyan

I had no friends in Peking, save for Cook. Our life on Yenching campus was so circumscribed by the scope of Mother's tastes and beliefs that I was exposed to very few outside influences in those years. There were playmates I would see during school hours, and neighbors whose sons and daughters Alice and I were occasionally permitted to entertain in our home. Yet we were never given enough freedom from our amahs' supervision to relax with the children we knew and develop anything approaching genuine friendship. Our health, cleanliness, and safety fell within the province of the nursemaids' responsibilities, and so those women hovered over us like ewes over newborn lambs. My amah, LiMa, spoke with me often, but never as a friend or confidante, something that she would have regarded as unpardonable presumption on her part. That is just the sort of class discrepancy Lao Chang refused to recognize，at least while he was alone with us children.

… I loved him too, for the respect he showed Alice and me. In our Confucian culture, in which deference to one's parents, one's elders, one's governmental authorities, and one's ancestors formed the cornerstone of a well-ordered state, it was rare indeed when an adult spoke and listened to children the way Lao Chang spoke and listened to us. He geared his humor and advice to a level I could appreciate, and he did so without patronizing me. Unlike many of my teachers, he taught me lessons that sparkled with point of view, and he never failed to keep an ear attuned to my feelings and moods. From those earlist years, it was always Cook who made it possible for me to vent my frustration, satisfy my curiosity, express sorrow or joy. Not Mother, who gave the impression she did not care. Not Alice, who felt such different things from what I felt. Not even Father, who was at work or meetings so much of the time. Lao Chang was my only true friend.

"They're going to receive your mother as a bride!" Those were the first words I heard Lao Chang speak after a separation of four months. It was just the sort of morsel he loved to share with me. Our party had come through the outer gate only moments before ；we had just descended from the carriages and were stretching our legs in the courtyard. I was too tired to focus on the particulars of the surroundings, but from the start I was aware of an understated beauty. Everything seemed perfectly proportioned: the lofty evergreens and neat rows of one-story buildings; the terra-cotta walls and the careful configurations of earth, stone, and water they encom-passed.

"The food here is vile," Lao Chang continued, before I could say a word. One of his favorite gambits was to dangle some tantalizing revelation before his listener, then pretend to withdraw it, covering it over with a thick mat of banalities. He chattered away in a low, excited voice. "Their customs and manners aren't offensive so much as, well, ‘primitive’ is, I suppose, the word. (Let's not even mention their ludicrous way of speaking.) But the food … no, the food I can only call vile."

I remarked that to look at him ， one would never guess that the Humnae cuisine was anything but the most delectable in all of China. He had, in fact, grown positively plump. What I said displeased him not only because I seemed to disbelieve his tale of a season of deprivation ， but also because I had refused to lunge at his bait.

除了厨子老张之外，我在北平没有什么朋友。那些年，我们在燕京大学校园里的生活完全为母亲的兴趣和信仰所左右，很少接触外面的世界。不错，我在学校里有一些小伙伴。我和艾丽丝偶尔也会得到允许，请邻居们的孩子到家里来玩。可是在保姆的管束下，我们从来不敢随心所欲地同相识的小朋友玩个痛快，也不能自由自在地同他们建立起纯真的友谊·看护我们不生病，保持整洁和太太平平是每个保姆的职贵，因此她们整天价围着我们转，就象母羊守护着刚出生不久的小羊羔一样。我的保姆叫李妈，她倒是经常和我讲讲话，但从来不是以朋友成者知心人的身份。她如果其的这样做了，她会觉得这是不可饶恕的犯上行为。这种区分尊卑上下的等级差异，老张却一直是不承认的，至少在单独和我们小孩子在一起的时候是这样。... 我还喜欢他对艾丽丝和我表现出的尊重。按照儒教文化的信条，小辈人孝敬父母，尊重长者、服从政府和崇敬祖先；这几点点构成了良好社会秩序的核心。因此，象老张那样愿意听小孩子的话，同小孩子打成一片的成年人的确少见。他总是把他的幽默感和忠告表现得循循善诱，使我乐于接受，同时又绝不摆出高高在上的架势。和我的许多老师都不一样，老张教给我的东西都带有鲜明的观点，而且从不忽略适应我的感觉和情绪。在我的童年，

能叫我消愁解闷、满足我的好奇心、表达我的喜怒哀乐的总是老张而不是母亲，她给人的印象是她从不关心别人的情绪，也不是艾丽丝，她的性情和我有很大的不同，甚至也不是父亲，他整夭泡在工作和会议里，只有老张才是我真正的朋友。

“他们打算让你妈再做一欢新娘！”那是分别四个月后老张对我说的第－句话。他最喜欢和我分享这一类小消息。我们一行人几分钟前穿过外面的大门，刚下轿在院子里活动活动腿脚。我太累了，没有注意观察周围的特色，但是我一开开始就感到一种含蓄的笑。枝干高耸的常青树和排列整齐的平房、赤揭色的围墙和围墙里面经过精心安排的一土、一石、一水----- 一切都显得非常协调。我还没顾上开口说话，老张又接着往下说：“这儿吃的东西可糟透了。”他最喜欢玩的一手就是先吊一吊听众的胃口，透露一点儿消息，然后再故意转过话头，扯上一通不相千的事。他压低声音兴奋地往下唠叨着。“他们的风俗习惯嘛，倒还没有讨厌到—怎么说呢—象‘野蜜人’那样的地步（也不用提他们讲话时的滑稽模样），可是那吃的东西 ......那吃的东西只能说是糟糕透了。”我插嘴说，瞧他现在这个模样，人们决不会想到湖南的饭菜是全国最糟糕的。事实上，他这一阵子已经长胖了许多。我这句话叫他很不高兴，这不仅因为我的神情表现出并不相信他讲的在离开我们这段时间内他真吃了苦头，而且因为我并没有上他的钩。（《桥牌皇后杨小燕》杨忱旦译人民休育出版社 1987 年）

Unit 3 翻译过程练习

The Special Joys of Super-show Reading

I took home a briefcace full of troubles. As I sat down on that hot and humid evening, there seemed to be no solutions to the problems thrashing around in my brain. So I picked up a book, settled into a comfortable chair and applied my own special therapy——supper-slow reading.

I spent three or four hours on two short chapters of Fersonal History by Vincent Sheean——savoring each paragraph, lingering over a sentence, a phrase, or even a single word, building a detailed mental picture of the scene. No longer was I in Sydney, Australia, on a sticky heat heat wave night. Relishing every word.I joined foreign correspondent Sheean on a mission to China and another to Russia. I lost myself in the author's world. And when finally I put it down, my mind was totally refreshed. Next morning, four words from the book ——"take the long view" ——were still in my mind. At my desk, I had a long-view look at my pmblmts. Once more, super-s1ow reading had given me not only pleasure but perspective, and helped me in everyday affairs.

I discovered its worth years ago … Previously, if I had been really interested in a book I would race from page to page, eager to know what came next. Now, I decided, I had to become a miser with words and stretch every sentence like a poor man spending his last dollar.

I had started with the practical object of making my book last. But by the end of the second week, I began to realize how much I was getting from super-slow reading itself. Sometimes just a particular phrase caught my attention，sometimes a sentence, I world read it slowly, analyze it, read it again 一 perhaps changing down into an even lower gear——and then sit for 20 minutes thinking about it before moving on. I was 1ike a pianist studying a piece of music, phrase by phrase, rehearsing it, trying to discover and recreate exactly what the composer was trying to convey.（Extracts from Sydney Piddington, "The Special Joys of $uper-slow Reading", Reader's Digest, June,1973, pp. 157-60.）

蜗速阅读的殊乐

我带着装满麻烦的公事包回到家。夜晚闷热潮湿，坐在那，脑中盘桓的问题似乎无法解决。于是拿

本书，坐在舒适的椅子上，实行我独特的调治——蜗速阅读。

花三四个小时，就读两小章文森特·谢安的《个人小史》——品味每个段落，咀嚼每个句子、词语，甚至

一个单词，以构筑一幅详实的精神图景。置身于这烦躁的夜，仿佛已不在澳大利亚的悉尼了。回味着每个

词句，俨然自己也参加了外国记者谢安去中国和俄罗斯的采访。我沉醉于作者的世界了。放下书，思想顿

然清新空明。

翌日清晨，书中的四个字——“向长远看”——萦绕于脑海。我又向长远看地审视了我的问题。又一次，

蜗速阅读不仅使我愉悦，还给了我开阔的视角。它简直在每天的琐事中尽显其功。

几年前，我察觉了它的妙用。以前的我，对于真感兴趣的书，一页一页飞速地翻过去，急于知道接下来讲

什么。如今，我已决心作个言辞的悭吝人了。我要像穷人用最后一块钱一样节用我的句子。

我准备将着务实的读书计划继续下去。两周将近，我又开始觉到了蜗速阅读的诸多教益。有时，仅仅是一词，甚或一句，就吸引了我。我会慢慢地品读，揣摩着，回读——甚至换种更细微的方式——静坐20分钟，深思着，动也不动。我如学音乐的钢琴家般，逐字地演练，像确切领会和如实再现作曲家所要传达的内涵。

Unit 4 翻译中常见的问题

1.It seems to me what is sauce for the goose is sauce for the gander.我认为适用于甲的也一定适用于乙。

2.He was in the seventh heaven last night.昨晚他过得很快乐。

3.Trojan horse 特洛伊木马（古希腊人围攻特洛伊时所用的一种空心大木马）；（意在推翻敌人的）颠覆

分子，颠覆阴谋；木马病毒

/ ivory tower 象牙塔（指脱离现实生活的小天地），世外桃源

/Achilles' heels（阿俄琉斯的脚蹱）唯一致命的弱点

4.They took a final look at Iron Mike, still intact in the darkness.他们最后看了一眼迈克的铁像，仍然完好无损地屹立在黑暗中。

5.He is physically weak but mentally sound.他身体虚弱，但精神尚佳。

6.That is the official kind of strike.这是一次正式的罢工。

7.The body lay white and still beneath the pines, all bathed in sunshine and in blood.苍白的尸体静静地躺在松树下，浴在阳光下，浴在血液中。

8.回头人出嫁，哭喊的也有，说要寻死觅活的也有，抬到男家闹得不拜天地的也有，连花

烛都咋了的也有。

（Some widows sob and shout when they are forced to get remarried; some threaten to kill themselves; some refuse to go through the ceremony of bowing to heaven and earth after they’ve been carried to the men’s house; some even smash the wedding candle-sticks.）

9.They had barely enough time to catch the train.他们差一点没有赶上火车。

10.Our son must go to school. He must break out of the pot that holds us in.（樊篱）我们的儿子必须上学，他必须打破束缚我们的桎梏。（走出我们所困于的小世界。）

篇章翻译练习：

What I have lived for.

Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.

I have sught love, first, because it brings exstasy---ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy.

I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness---that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it, finally because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what---at last--- I have found.

With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know why the stars shine. And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flux. A little of this, but not much I have achieved.

Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in fimine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a hate burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and paon make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate the evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer.

This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me.

我为何而生

——伯兰特·罗素

对爱情的渴望，对知识的追求，对人类苦难不可遏制的同情，这三种纯然而又强烈的情感支配着我的一生。这些情感像阵阵狂风肆意地把我吹来吹去，掠过深沉痛苦的海洋，直到濒临绝望的边缘。

我寻求爱，首先因为它使我心为之着迷，这种难以名状的美妙迷醉使我愿意用所有的余生去换取哪怕几个小时这样的幸福。我寻求爱，还因为它能缓解我心理上的孤独，在这种可怕的孤独中，我感觉心灵在战栗，仿如站在世界的边缘而面前是冰冷、无底的死亡深渊。我寻求爱，因为在我所目睹的爱的结合中，我仿佛看到了圣贤和诗人们所向往的天堂之景。这

就是我所寻找的，虽然对人的一生而言似乎有些遥不可及，但至少是我用尽一生所领悟到的。

我用同样的激情去寻求知识。我希望能够理解人类的心灵，希望能够知道群星闪烁的缘由。我试图领悟毕达哥拉斯所景仰的“数即万物”思想。我已经悟出了其中一点点道理，尽管并不是很多。

爱和知识，用它们的力量把人引向天堂。但是同情却总把人又拽回到尘世中来。痛苦的呼喊声回荡在我的内心。饥饿中的孩子、受压迫的难民、被儿女们当作负担的无助的老人，还有整个充满了孤独、贫穷和痛苦的世界，都是对人类所憧憬的美好生活无情的嘲弄。我渴望能够减少邪恶，但是我无能为力，我也难逃其折磨。

这就是我的一生。我已经找到了它的价值。而且如果有机会，我很愿意能再活它一次。Unit 5 词义选择：

1. Like charges repel; unlike charges attract.同性相斥，异性相吸。

Like knows like. 英雄识英雄。

Like father like son; like mother like daughter.有其父必有其子，有其母必有其女。

2. officers and men军官和士兵∕a man and his wife夫妻∕his man Friday他的仆从星期五∕Be a man!做个男子汉！

3. 青天blue sky∕青山 green hill∕青布black cloth （古代所穿青衣即为黑衣）

浓茶black/strong tea∕浓墨thick/dark ink∕浓烟dense smog/ fume

这孩子头真大。This child has a rather big head.

她正在梳头。She is doing up/combing her hair.

一辆小汽车停在桥西头。A car was parked at the west end/head of the bridge.

他们是一头的。They belong to a gang/ they are on the same side.

事情不能只顾一头。Things should not be considered in an respect./we mustn’t pay attention to only one aspect of the matter.

他头天上午就来了。He came here the morning before/the previous morning.

4. Every life has its roses and thorns.每个人的生活都有甜有苦。

The Story of the Red Ligh t红灯记∕the red-light areas

5. There is a mixture of the tiger and the ape in the character of the imperialists.如虎似猿是帝国主义者的本性。（猿在英文中类似于中国的狐狸。狡诈，老虎凶残）

6. He is the last man to come.他是最后来的。

He is the last man to do it. 他绝不会干那件事。

He should be the last to blame. 最不该怪他。（怪谁也不该怪他。）

This is the last place where I expected to meet you.我怎么也想不到能在这碰到你。

7. 农业是国民经济的基础。Agriculture is the foundation of the national economy.

贯彻农林牧副渔互相结合的方针Carry out the policy of combining farming, forestry, animal husbandry, side-occupations and fishery

8. 多少事，从来急；天地转，光阴迫。一万年太久，只争朝夕。So many deeds cry out to be done, and always

urgently, the world rolls on, time presses. The thousand years are too long, seize the day, seize the hour.

9. It sometimes happens that a person who departs his life is really deserving of the praises the stone-cutter carves over his bones: a good Christian, a good parent, a good child, a good wife or a good husband.有时会发生这样一种情况：一个死去的人确实当得起石匠刻在墓碑上的那些赞赏：一个虔诚的基督徒，一个慈爱的父亲，一个孝顺的孩子，一个贤惠的妻子，一个有责任心的丈夫。（或者全部翻译成好。）

10. In every Chinese city, we got into the streets, shops, parks, theatres and restaurants. 在中国每个城市里，我们都去逛街，购物，逛公园，去餐厅。

篇章翻译练习：

Abraham Lincoln’s Getysburg Address

Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent,a new nation,conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.

Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met a great battle-field of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of the field, as a final testing place for those who here gave their lives that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.

But, in a larger sense, we can not deditate---we can not consecrate--- we can not hallow---this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here.It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced.It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us--- that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion---that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain---that this nation, under God , shall bave a new birth of freedom ---and that government of the people, by the people, for the people,shall not perish from the earth．

林肯最出名的演讲是

《林肯在葛底斯堡的演讲》

林肯在葛底斯堡的演讲:(是美国文学中最漂亮、最富有诗意的文章之一，用时不到2分钟）

八十七年以前，我们的祖先在这块大陆上创立了一个孕育于自由的新国家。他们主张人人生而平等，并为此献身。

现在我们正进行一场伟大的内战，这是一场检验这一国家或者任何一个像我们这样孕育于自由并信守其主张的国家是否能长久存在的战争。我们聚集在这场战争中的一个伟大战场上，将这个战场上的一块土地奉献给那些在此地为了这个国家的生存而牺牲了自己生命的人，作为他们的最终安息之所。我们这样做是完全适当和正确的。可是，从更广的意义上说，我们并不能奉献这块土地——我们不能使之神圣

——我们也不能使之光荣。因为那些在此地奋战过的勇士们，不论是还活着的或是已死去的，已经使这块土地神圣了，远非我们微薄的力量所能予以增减的。世人将不大会注意，更不会长久记住我们在这里所说的话，然而，他们将永远不会忘记这些勇士在这里所做的事。相反地，我们活着的人，应该献身于勇士们未竞的工作，那些曾在此地战斗过的人们已经把这项工作英勇地向前推进了。我们应该献身于留在我们面前的伟大任务——由于他们的光荣牺牲，我们会更加献身于他们为之奉献了最后一切的事业

——我们要下定决心使那些死去的人不致自白牺牲——我们要使这个国家在上帝的庇佑下，获得自由的新生——我们要使这个民主、民治、民享的政府不致从地球上消失。

1) Cettysburg: 葛提斯堡。美国宾夕法尼亚州南部边境的小镇。美国内战史上南、北军之间规模最大的关键一仗在此发生，双方死伤各约二万五千人。林肯总统于1863年11月19日在葛提斯堡国家烈士公墓落成典礼上作了这一篇著名的演讲。

(2) "All men are created equal": “一切人生来平等”，是美国第三、四届总统杰佛逊在美国“独立宣言”中写下的名言。

(3) so conceived and so dedicated: 指第一句中的 conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposititon that all men are created equal. so 是副词，意为：这样地；如上所述那样地。

(4) are met: 集会。

(5) who here gave their lives that that mation might live: 为了这个国家的生存而献身的......。定语从句，其中第一个that 是连词，引导目的状语，第二个 that 是指示代词，修饰 nation。

(6) we cannot...: 我们无法......。这里 we cannot 重复了三次，以加深印象并抒发强烈的情感。这种修饰法称为句首重复（Anaphora），常用于演说和诗歌。

(7) -- that from these honoured dead wew take inccreased devotion ... shall not perish from the earth: 破折号后面以分号隔开的四个以 that 引导的从句是 the great task 的同位语并列结构。

Unit 5 词类转换法

1.I am no drinker, nor smoker.我不喝酒也不吸烟。

2.Vietnamese War was a drain on American resources.越战消耗了美国资源。

3.He roared, which threatened his enemies away.他的吼声吓退了敌人。

4.他酷爱古典音乐。He is an ardent lover of classical music.

5.The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing.看见我们的喷气式飞机，

听到飞机的轰鸣声，使我特别神往。

6. A great cloud rose from the ground and followed the trail of the great sun. At first it was a

giant colume, which soon took the shape of a superabundant mushroom. For a fleeting instant it took the form of the Statue of Liberty magnified many times.一朵巨大的云团从地面升起，追逐着太阳的轨迹，起初它是一个巨大的圆柱体，很快变成了一个巨大的蘑菇，眨眼间，又变成了放大了许多倍的自由女神像。

7.―Coming!‖ Away she s kimmed over the lawn, up the path, up the steps, across the veranda,

and into the porch.“我来了！”她蹦着跳着跑了过去，越过草坪，踏上小路，跨上台阶，穿过阳台，进了门廊。

8.Carlisle Street runs westward, across a great black bridge, down a hill and up again, by little

shops and meat-markets, past single-storied homes, until suddenly it stops against a wide green lawn.卡利斯尔大街向西延伸，穿过一座黑色的大桥，沿着山坡而下又爬上山岗，经过一些小铺和肉市，又经过一些平房，在一片宽宽的绿草坪前戛然而止。

9. Mos t U. S. spy satellites are designed to burn up in the earth’s atmosphere after completing their

mission. 美国绝大多数间谍卫星，按其设计，是在完成使命后，在大气层中焚毁。

10.Stevenson was eloquent and elegant, but soft.斯蒂文森言谈有礼，举止优雅，但是身体虚弱。

11.The security and warmth of the cottage were wonderful.村落的安全和供暖十分完善。

12.They have not done so well ideologically, however, as organizationally.他们虽然没有做的如理想中的那么好，但还是十分有条理的。

13.他在讲话中特别强调提高产品质量。In his speech, he put special stress on improving the quality of products.

14.他认为，要成功地禁止毒品买卖，就得首先把它销毁了。

15.他们不顾一切困难，挫折，坚持学习。

16.该厂产品的主要特点是工艺精湛，经久耐用。

Unit 6: 重复译法及原文中重复现象的处理

1.I had experienced oxygen and/ or engine trouble(s).

2.The story of Uncle Tom is a story of groans and tears, of poor human beings destroyed by the

slavery system.

3.They have staged demonstrations and sit-ins and distributed petitions which inevitably find

their way to foreign correspondents.

4.He no longer dreamed of storms, not of great occurrences, nor of great fish, nor fights, not

contests of strength.

5.He hated failure; he had conquered it all his life, risen above it, despised it in others.

6.Some have entered college and others have gone to the countryside.

7.He wanted to send them more aid, more weapons and a few more men.

8.To him, the birds sing, the squirrel chattered and the flowers bloOmed.

9.He was proficient both as a flyer and asHe wandered in the chill rain, thinking ald thinking,

brooding and brooding

10.Prominent―Skinner’s Wmrks‖.

11.Every change of saason, every change of weather, everx `our ofThere have been too much

publicity about my case.

12.His children, too, were as ragged and wild as if they belonged to nobody.

13.Only very slight and very scattering ripples of half-hearted hand-clapping greeted him.

14.He sat there and watched, feeling that the present scene was so changelessly changing, so

bright and dark, so grave and gay.

Unit 7: C—E翻译中重复现象的处理

1.这儿是宝地，要不是宝地，怎么人越来越多？

2.非洲人民正在为争取非洲的彻底解放进行着艰巨的斗争。

3.一定的文化，是一定社会的政治和经济的反映，对一定社会的政治和经济予

以伟大的影响和作用。

4.你答应了帮助他就应当帮助他。

5.自周秦以来，中国是一个封建社会，其政治是封建的政治，其经济是封建的

经济。

6.那时将不要军队，也不要兵船，不要军用飞机，也不要毒气。

7.中国人民历来是勇于探索，勇于创造，勇于改革的。

8.在今后五年内，要实现财政经济状况的根本好转，实现社会风气的根本好转，

实现党风的根本好转。

9.新的政治力量，新的经济力量，新的文化力量都是进步的?量。

10.拉丁美洲各国人民在支持你们，亚洲各国人民在支持你们，非洲各国人民在

攏持你们，世界各国人民在支持你们。

11.这是革命的春天，这是?民的春天，这是科学的春天。

12.婵娟：哼,我才不喜欢他?。

子兰：你不喜欢他?喜欢谁？

創娟：我喜欢我喜欢的人。

?兠：?欢我吧，是不是？

婵娟：?喜欢你，喜欢你受罪。（郭?若《屈原》?

13.中国人也好，外国人也好，死人也好，??也好，对的就是对的，不对嚄就

是不对的。

14.°争是民族和民族，国家和国家，阶级和阶级，政治集团和政治集团之间相互

斗争的最高形式。

15. 讑文赏析

声声慢①

李清照

寻寻觅觅，冷冷清清，凄凄惨惨戚戚。乍暖还寒时候，最难将息②。三杯两盏淡酒，怎敌他、晚来颎急。雁过也、最伤心，却是旧时相识。

满地黄花堆积。憔悴损、如今有谁忺?③？守着窗儿，独自怎生得黑④？梧桐曔兼细雨，?黄昏、傹点滴滴这次第⑤，怎?个、愁字了得。

［注释＼①声声慢：厞调名《胜胜慢》。慢?即?词、慢曲，为诅的长调。

②将息：调养休息，保养安宁。

③忺（qiān）摘：乐意摘取。忪：所欲，惣要。

④怎生：怎么。

⑤次第：情境，况味。

［赏析］

这首词是李清慧晚婴流落江南为抒发家国身世之愁而作。这首词最大的特点戯成功地运用了叠字。开篇三句十四个叠字，表达出三种境界。“姻寻觅觅”，儙人的动作、神态；“冧冷清氅”，写环境的悲凉；“凄凄惨惨戚戚”，写内心世界的巨大伤痛。同时，这几对叠字还造成音律的回环往复，加强了词作的音乐性。第二个特点是借物抒情。上阕攨“淡酒”、“晚风”?“过雁”，下阕用“黄花、“梧桐”、“糆雨”，郝准确而坢象地表达出内心的愁情，最后逼出“怎一个愁字了得”的强烈感情，突然作结?沉痛无限。兠词语言朴实，感受细腻，巧用叠字，满纸呜咽，动人心弦。

李清照：（1084----约1151），号易安居士，济南章丘县人。父李格非，北宋知名文士、散文家。丈夫赵明诚，宰相赵挺之子、金石家。她是中国古代杰出女词人。著有《李易安集》十七卷，《漱玉词》一卷（别本五卷），不传。今人有《李清照集注》、《重辑李清照集》等。

Unit 8: Amplication(1)

1.This great scientist was born in New England.这位伟大的科学家出生于美国东北部

的新英格兰。

2.三个臭皮匠赛过诸葛亮。Two heads are better than one.

The wit of three cobblers surpasses that of Zhuge Liang, the master mind.

(civic pride)

班门弄斧。to show off one’s proficiency with the axe before Lu Ban, the master carpenter

3.这个男孩饭前总洗手，然后用餐巾纸擦手。

4.Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; writing an exact man.

阅读使人充实，谈论使人机智，写作使人精确。

5.Everything was on a larger scale for him, the highs were higher, the lows lower.他

总是喜欢夸大事实，高的说得更高，低的说得更低。

6.Better be wise by the defeat of others than by your own.从别人的失败中吸取教

训比从自己的失败中吸取教训更好。

7.At the time of Kennedy’s assassination, Kissinger felt that a second term would

have led either to greatness or to disaster.肯尼迪遇刺时，基辛格认为，如果肯尼迪再任一届总统的话，大概不是立大功，就是闯大祸。

8.要有把握就要有准备，而且要有充分的准备。To bet your boots, you need

preparation, and you need sufficient preparation.

9.他收起图表说：“大家出车吧，中午休息的时候再看，就贴在这里。”

10.虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后。

11.天已经相当的晚了，我们决定那座庙里过夜。

Unit 9: Amplication(2)

1.要提倡顾全大局。

2.结婚大办酒席，实在可以免去了。

3.黄金白银，坚甲利兵，并非构成大国的要素。

4.The crowds melted away.

5.In the evening, after the banquets, the concerts and the table tennis exhibitions, the president

would continue to work.

6.There were no speeches, no foreign diplomats, no ―ordinary Chinese‖ with paper flags and

bunches of flowers.

7.The plane twisted under me, trailing flame and smoke.

8.In the films of those days, all too often it was the same one: boy tractor drivers meet girl

tractor drivers; they fall in love and drive tractors together.

9. A new kind of aircraft—small, cheap, pilotless—is attracting increasing attention.

10.He allowed the father to be overruled by the judge, and declared his own son guilty.

11.Flowers bloom all over the yard.

12.The old man said, ―They say his father was a fisherman. Maybe he was as poor as we are.‖

13.Don’t take it seriously. I’m just making fun of you.

14.The thesis summed up the new achievements made in electronic computers, artificial satellites

and rockets.

15.In April, there was the ―ping‖ heard around the world. In July, the ―ping‖ ponged.

16.They (the eye) were the same color as the sea, cheerful and undefeated.

篇章翻译练习：

Bill Clintons Inaugural Address

Thursday, January 20, 1993

My fellow citizens: Today we celebrate the mystery of American renewal. This ceremony is held in the depth of winter, but by the words we speak and the faces we show the world, we force the spring. A spring reborn in the wor ld’s oldest democracy that brings forth the vision and courage to reinvent America. When our founders boldly declared America’s independence to the world, and our purposes to the Almighty, they knew that America, to endure, would have to change. Not change for change sake, but change to preserve America’s ideals: life, liberty, the pursuit of happiness. Though we march to the music of our time, our mission is timeless. Each generation of Americans must define what it means to be an American.

On behalf of our nation, I salute my predecesso2, President Bush, for his half-century of service to America, and I thank the millions of men and women whose s4ea`fastness

Toda9, a generation raised in the shadows of the Cold ar assumes new responsibilities in A world warmed By dhe sunshine of freedom, but tjreatened st)ll by ancient hatbe$s afd new plagues. R`ised in unrivalled"prosperity, we inherit al economy that is still the worlds strongest, but is weakened by business failures,

stagnant wages, increasing inequality, and deep divisions among our own people.

When George Washington first took the oath I have just sworn to uphold, news travelled slowly across the land by horseback and across the ocean by boat. Now the sights and sounds of this ceremony are broadcast instantaneously to billions around the world. Communications and commerce are global. Investment is mobile. Technology is almost magical, and ambition for a better life is now universal. We earn our livelihood in America today in peaceful competition with people all across the Earth. Profound and powerful forces are shaking and remaking our world, and the urgent question of our time is whether we can make change our friend and not our enemy.

This new world has already enriched the lives of millions of Americans who are able to compete and win in it. But when most people are working harder for less, when others cannot work at all, when the cost of health care devastates families and threatens to bankrupt our enterprises, great and small; when the fear of crime robs law abiding citizens of their freedom; and when millions of poor children cannot even imagine the lives we are calling them to lead, we have not made change our friend. We know we have to face hard truths and take strong steps, but we have not done so. Instead we have drifted, and that drifting has eroded our resources, fractured our economy, and shaken our confidence.

Though our challenges are fearsome, so are our strengths. Americans have ever been a restless, questing, hopeful people, and we must bring to our task today the vision and will of those who came before us. From our Revolution to the Civil War, to the Great Depression, to the Civil Rights movement, our people have always mustered the determination to construct from these crises the pillars of our history. Thomas Jefferson believed that to preserve the very foundations of our nation we would need dramatic change from time to time. Well, my fellow Americans, this is our time. Let us embrace it.

Our democracy must be not only the envy of the world but the engine of our own renewal. There is nothing wrong with America that cannot be cured by what is right with America. And so today we pledge an end to the era of deadlock and drift, and a new season of American renewal has begun.

To renew America we must be bold. We must do what no generation has had to do before. We must invest more in our own people, in their jobs, and in their future, and at the same time cut our massive debt. . .and we must do so in a world in which we must compete for every opportunity. It will not be easy. It will require sacrifice, but it can be done, and done fairly. Not choosing sacrifice for its own sake, but for our own sake. We must provide for our nation the way a family provides for its children.

Our founders saw themselves in the light of posterity. We can do no less. Anyone who has ever watched a childs eyes wander into sleep knows what posterity is. Posterity is the world to come, the world for whom we hold our ideals, from whom we have borrowed our planet, and to whom we bear sacred responsibilities. We must do what America does best, offer more opportunity to all and demand more responsibility from all.

It is time to break the bad habit of expecting something for nothing: from our government, or from each other. Let us all take more responsibility, not only for ourselves and our families, but for our communities and our country. To renew America we must revitalize our democracy. This beautiful capitol, like every capitol since the dawn of civilization, is often a place of intrigue and calculation. Powerful people maneuver for position and worry endlessly about who is in and who is out, who is up and who is down, forgetting those people whose toil and sweat sends ushere and paves our way. Americans deserve better, and in this city today there are people who want to do better, and so I say to all of you here, let us resolve to reform our politics, so that power and privilege no longer shout down the voice of the people. Let us put aside personal advantage, so that we can feel the pain and see the promise of America. Let us resolve to make our government a place for what Franklin Roosevelt called bold, persistent experimentation, a government for our tomorrows, not our yesterdays. Let us give this capitol back to the people to whom it belongs.

To renew America we must meet challenges abroad, as well as at home. There is no longer a clear division between what is foreign and what is domestic. The world economy, the world environment, the world AIDS crisis, the world arms race: they affect us all. Today as an old order passes, the new world is more free, but less stable. Communisms collapse has called forth old animosities, and new dangers. Clearly, America must continue to lead the world we did so much to make. While America rebuilds at home, we will not shrink from the challenges nor fail to seize the opportunities of this new world. Together with our friends and allies, we will work together to shape change, lest it engulf us. When our vital interests are challenged, or the will and conscience of the international community is defied, we will act; with peaceful diplomacy whenever possible, with force when necessary.

The brave Americans serving our nation today in the Persian Gulf, in Somalia, and wherever else they stand, are testament to our resolve, but our greatest strength is the power of our ideas, which are still new in many lands. Across the world, we see them embraced and we rejoice. Our hopes, our hearts, our hands, are with those on every continent, who are building democracy and freedom. Their cause is Americas cause. The American people have summoned the change we celebrate today. You have raised your voices in an unmistakable chorus, you have cast your votes in historic numbers, you have changed the face of congress, the presidency, and the political process itself. Yes, you, my fellow Americans, have forced the spring. Now we must do the work the season demands.

To that work I now turn with all the authority of my office. I ask the congress to join with me; but no president, no congress, no government can undertake this mission alone. My fellow Americans, you, too, must play your part in our renewal. I challenge a new generation of young Americans to a season of service, to act on your idealism, by helping troubled children, keeping company with those in need, reconnecting our torn communities. There is so much to be done. Enough, indeed, for millions of others who are still young in spirit, to give of themselves in service, too.

In serving we recognize a simple, but powerful, truth: we need each other, and we must care for one another. Today we do more than celebrate America, we rededicate ourselves to the very idea of America, an idea born in revolution, and renewed through two centuries of challenge, an idea tempered by the knowledge that but for fate, we, the fortunate and the unfortunate, might have been each other; an idea ennobled by the faith that our nation can summon from its myriad diversity, the deepest measure of unity; an idea infused with the conviction that Americas journey long, heroic journey must go forever upward.

And so, my fellow Americans, as we stand at the edge of the 21st Century, let us begin anew, with energy and hope, with faith and discipline, and let us work until our work is done. The Scripture says: And let us not be weary in well-doing, for in due season we shall reap, if we faint not.

From this joyful mountaintop of celebration we hear a call to service in the valley. We have heard the trumpets, we have changed the guard, and now each in our own way, and with Gods help, we must answer the call.

Thank you, and God bless you all!

同胞们：

今天，我们庆祝美国复兴的奇迹。这个仪式虽在隆冬举行，然而，我们通过自己的言语和向世界展示的面容、却促使春回大地--回到了世界上这个最古老的民主国家，并带来了重新创造美国的远见和勇气。

当我国的缔造者勇敢地向世界宣布美国独立，并向上帝表明自己的目的时，他们知道，美国若要永存，就必须变革。不是为变革而变革，而是为了维护美国的理想--为了生命、自由和追求幸福而变革。尽管我们随着当今时代的节拍前进，但我们的使命永恒不变。每一代美国人，部必须为作为一个美国人意味着什么下定义。今天，在冷战阴影下成长起来的一代

人，在世界上负起了新的责任。这个世界虽然沐浴着自由的阳光，但仍受到旧仇宿怨和新的祸患的威胁。

我们在无与伦比的繁荣中长大，继承了仍然是世界上最强大的经济。但由于企业倒闭，工资增长停滞、不平等状况加剧，人民的分歧加深，我们的经济已经削弱。

当乔治·华盛顿第一次宣读我刚才宜读的誓言时，人们骑马把那个信息缓慢地传遍大地，继而又来船把它传过海洋。而现在，这个仪式的情景和声音即刻向全球几十亿人播放。通信和商务具有全球性，投资具有流动性；技术几乎具有魔力；改善生活的理想现在具有普遍性。今天，我们美国人通过同世界各地人民进行和平竞争来谋求生存。各种深远而强大的力量正在震撼和改造我们的世界，当今时代的当务之急是我们能否使变革成为我们的朋友，而不是成为我们的敌人。

这个新世界已经使几百万能够参与竞争并且取胜的美国人过上了富裕的生活。但是，当多数人干得越多反而挣得越少的时候，当有些人根本不可能工作的时候，当保健费用的重负使众多家庭不堪承受、使大大小小的企业濒临破产的时候，当犯罪活动的恐惧使守法公民不能自由行动的时候，当千百万贫穷儿童甚至不能想象我们呼唤他们过的那种生活的时候，我们就没有使变革成为我们的朋友。我们知道，我们必须面对严酷的事实真相，并采取强有力的步骤。但我们没有这样做，而是听之任之，以致损耗了我们的资源，破坏了我们的经济，动摇了我们的信心。

我们面临惊人的挑战，但我们同样具有惊人的力量，美国人历来是不安现状、不断追求和充满希望的民族，今天，我们必须把前人的远见卓识和坚强意志带到我们的任务中去。从革命，内战，大萧条，直到民权运动，我国人民总是下定决心，从历次危机中构筑我国历史的支柱。

托马斯·杰斐逊认为，为了维护我国的根基，我们需要时常进行激动人心的变革。美国同胞们，我们的时代就是变革的时代，让我们拥抱这个时代吧！

我们的民主制度不仅要成为举世称羡的目标，而且要成为举国复兴的动力。美国没有任何错误的东西不能被正确的东西所纠正。因此，我们今天立下誓言，要结束这个僵持停顿、放任自流的时代，一个复兴美国的新时代已经开始。

我们要复兴美国，就必须鼓足勇气。我们必须做前人无需做的事情。我们必须更多地投资于人民，投资于他们的工作和未来，与此同时，我们必须减少巨额债务。而且，我们必须在一个需要为每个机会而竞争的世界上做到这一切。这样做并不容易：这样做要求作出牺牲。但是，这是做得到的，而且能做得公平合理。我们不是为牺牲而牺牲，我们必须像家庭供养子女那样供养自己的国家。

我国的缔造者是用子孙后代的眼光来审视自己的。我们也必须这样做。凡是注意过孩子蒙昽人睡的人，都知道后代意味着什么，后代就是将要到来的世界--我们为之坚持自己的理想，我们向之借用这个星球，我们对之负有神圣的责任。我们必须做美国最拿手的事情：为所有的人提供更多的机会，要所有的人负起更多的责任。

现在是破除只求向政府和别人免费索取的恶习的时候了。让我们大家不仅为自己和家庭，而且为社区和国家担负起更多的责任吧。

我们要复兴美国，就必须恢复我们民主制度的活力。这个美丽的首都，就像文明的曙光出现以来的每一个首都一样，常常是尔虞我诈、明争暗斗之地。大腕人物争权夺势，没完没了地为官员的更替升降而烦神，却忘记了那些用辛勤和汗水把我们送到这里来，并养活了我们的人。

美国人理应得到更好的回报。在这个城市里，今天有人想把事情办得更好一些。因此，我要时所有在场的人说：让我们下定决心改革政治，使权力和特权的喧嚣不再压倒人民的呼声。让我们撇开个人利益。这样我们就能觉察美国的病痛，并看到官的希望。让我们下定决心，使政府成为富兰克林·罗斯福所说的进行"大胆而持久试验"的地方，成为一个面向未来而不是留恋过去的政府。让我们把这个首都归还给它所属于的人民。

我们要复兴美国，就必须迎接国内外的种种挑战。国外和国内事务之间已不再有明确的界限--世界经济，世界环境，世界艾滋病危机，世界军备竞赛，这一切都在影响着我们大家。

我们在国内进行重建的同时，面对这个新世界的挑战不会退缩不前，也下会坐失良机。我们将同盟友一起努力进行变革，以免被变革所吞没。当我们的重要利益受到挑战，或者，当国际社会的意志和良知受到蔑视，我们将采取行动--可能时就采用和平外交手段，必要时就使用武力。

今天，在波斯湾、索马里和任何其他地方为国效力的勇敢的美国人，都证明了我们的决心。

但是，我们最伟大的力量是我们思想的威力。这些思想在许多国家仍然处于萌芽阶段。看到这些思想在世界各地被接受，我们感到欢欣鼓舞。我们的希望，我们的心，与每一个大陆正在建立民主和自由的人们是连在一起的。他们的事业也是美国的事业。

美国人民唤来了我们今天所庆祝的变革。你们毫不含糊地齐声疾呼。你们以前所未有的人数参加了投票。你们使国会、总统职务和政治进程本身全都面目一新。是的，是你们，我的美国同胞们，促使春回大地。

现在，我们必须做这个季节需要做的工作。现在，我就运用我的全部职权转向这项工作。我请求国会同我一道做这项工作。任何总统、任何国会、任何政府都不能单独完成这一使命。同胞们，在我国复兴的过程中，你们也必须发挥作用。

我向新一代美国年轻人挑战，要求你们投入这一奉献的季节--按照你们的理想主义行动起来，使不幸的儿童得到帮助，使贫困的人们得到关怀，使四分五裂的社区恢复联系。要做的事情很多--确实够多的，以至几百万在精神上仍然年轻的人也可作出奉献。

在奉献过程中，我们认识到相互需要这一简单而又强大的真理。我们必须相互关心．今天，我们不仅是在赞颂美国，我们再一次把自己奉献给美国的理想：这个理想在革命中诞生，在两个世纪的挑战中更新；这个理想经受了认识的考验，大家认识到，若不是命运的安排，幸运者或不幸者有可能互换位置；这个理想由于一种信念而变得崇高，即我国能够从纷繁的

多佯性中实现最深刻的统一性，这个理想洋溢着一种信：美国漫长而英勇的旅程必将永远继续。同胞们，在我恻即将跨入21世纪之际，让我们以旺盛的精力和满腔的希望，以坚定的信心和严明的纪律开始工作，直到把工作完成。《圣经》说：“我们行善，不可丧志，若不灰心，到了时候，就要收成。”

在这个欢乐的山巅，我们听见山谷里传来了要我们作出奉献的召唤。我们听到了号角声。我们已经换岗。现在，我们必须以各自的方式，在上帝的帮助下响应这一召唤。

谢谢大家。上帝保佑大家。

Unit 10: 翻译中的褒贬

1.他们讲唯心论，我们讲唯物论。

2.He was polite and always gave advice willingly.

3.His notoriety as a rake did not came until his death.

4.As luck would have it, no one was in the building when the explosion occurred.

5.As luck would have it, there was rain on the day of the picnic.

6.这位小姑娘长的真好看。

7.那个小偷被送到派出所去了。

8.由于党的农村政策，我国千千万万农民走上了致富的道路。

9.由于两次世界大战的爆发，我国人民蒙受了极大的灾难。

10.When the president held a party to celebrate his country’s 13th anniversary, he invited virtually

everybody who was anybody-but mostly nobodies showed up.

11.他们组成了两个阴谋夺取最高权力的反革命集团。

12.He was a man of integrity, but unfortunately we had a certain reputation.

13.The Russians arrested him as a spy and sent him out through Poland.

14.Those who do not remember the past are condemned to relive it.

Unit 11: 正翻译法（正说反译与反说正译）

1.He went into the insecure building.

2.We may safely say no.

3.黄鼠狼给鸡拜年，不怀好心。

4.俗话说，“男儿有泪不轻弹，皆因未到伤心处。”

5.Wet paint . / Posters Forbidden.

6.在收据尚未签字以前不得付款。

7.这个惨痛的教训，我们一定要永远记取，引以为鉴。

8.我们讨论问题时，不能忘记这些基本点。

9.Like those of little experience, he was easily elated by success and deflated by failure.

10.除了呼呼的东北风外，没有一点声响。

11.His explanation was pretty thin.

12.He was an indecisive sort of person and always capricious.

13.Such flights couldn’t long escape notice.

14.还没到家，她就激动得不得了。

A Royal Scandal

Peter F. Stevens

In May 1887, Boston rolled out the red carpet for a royal visitor, one The Boston Globe called “the dusky Queen Kapiolani, mistress of the Sandwich Islets.” From the moment that the queen and her large retinue checked into the tony Parker House, Boston’s politicians and Brahmins fell all over themselves to impress her. She was given the bridal suite, filled with costly floral arangements including one with the Hawaiian words for “I love you” emblazoned in letters of red immortelles upon a band of smilax and ferns.

Throughout the queen’s stay, officials squired her everwhere the local dignitaries and celebrities gathered. The very day of her arrival she attended services at Trinity Church and King’s chapel, where, according to The New York Times, “the most fashionable set in town” strained for a glimpse of the queen of the wxotic island monarchy. The next morning, Mayor O’Brien hosted a breakfast in the queen’s honor, replete with music and the familiar excess of flowers.

One of the queen’s most memorable qppearances came at the State House the next day. The Senate doors were flung open and Sergeant-at-mace,” marched into the chamber.”Her Majesty, the Queen of the Sandwich Islands!” he proclaimed. The senators all rose from their seats. Then the queen strode up the aisle, bowing gravely to the legislators.

For the rest of the week Queen Kapiolani attended official lunches, dinners, and receptions each day as well as performances at the Boston and Globe theaters. By the time her visit was over, everyone who was anyone had met the queen.

It was not until after her departure that the bills came due to the tune of $ 18,000. among them was an invoice for $4,500 worth of flowers provided by the Galvin brothers. Another, for an undisclosed amount, came from the Victoria Hotel for a reception at which the queen and about 100 guests allegedly consumed more than 100 gallons of alcohol---all paid for by the city.

Boston’s citizens were outraged at the price tag for the weeklong junket. “Scandal Over the Bells for Queen Kapiolani’s Entertainment,” crowed one headline. Only Mayor O’Brien and his staff knew that $18,000 was just the beginning. Many of the largest bills, including the tab for the week’s lodging and food at the Parker House, had yet to be reported.

Thus began the cover-up. The Parker House bill clocked in at a suspiciously modest sum of $2,800. other bills were buried, relabeled, or paid privately in a frenzy of creative accounting. Although a full accounting never occurred, it is believed that an additional $10,000 in city funds was wventually spent for Kapiolani’s comings and goings. The scandal die d slowly, and most Bostonians agreed with one Globe repoter’s assessment that the royal visit was “the most disgraceful affair in the history of junketing in this city.”

Unit 12: 分句译法

1. I fried vainly to put the pieces together.

2. Obama might have spoken with understandable pride of the US. role as the world police.

3. That region was the most identifiable trouble spot.

4. As a place to live, it left much to be desired. As a secret training base, it was an excellent site, its remoteness effectively masking its activity.

5. In August 1946, on my fifth trip through China, bound for my Moscow home but not in haste, since my husband had died in the war, I came to Yanan.

6. He arrived in Washington at a ripe moment internationally.

7. He was greatly impressed by her firm handshake.

8. Spring has so much more than speech in its unfolding flowers and leaves, and the coursing of its streams, and in its restless seeking.

9. Three rains had passed, and it was that lean season when the village’s store of grain and other dried foods from the last harvest was almost gone.

10. 我们没有在任何国家驻一兵一卒，没有侵占任何国家一方领土，没有侵犯过任何国家的

主权，没有以任何不平等关系强加于任何国家，我们始终坚持和平共处的五项原则。Unit 13：合句译法

1. She went back home to take care of her husband. He was seriously ill.

2. The four men huddled there and said nothing. They dared not smoke. They would not move.

3.Home after seven years. Home. The word had meant so much to him.

4.As she thought, things became more involved. Harder to understand.

5.She is very busy at home. She has to take care of the children and do kitchen work.

6.众人忙问端的。他乃说道：“原来本府新升的太爷姓贾名化，本贯胡州人氏，曾与女婿

旧日相交。

7.旧历新年快来了。这是一年中的第一件大事。除了那些负债过多的人以外，大家都热烈

地欢迎这个佳节的到来。

8.大家都笑了。宝玉起身辞了出来。黛玉送到门口，紫鹃在台阶下站着，宝玉出去才回房

里来。

9.孔乙己着了慌，伸开五指将碟子罩住，弯下腰去说道：“不多了，我已经不多了。”

篇章翻译练习：

Wuthering Heights

Emily Bronte (An Excerpt from Chapter 18. Volume 2)

I would have asked why Mrs. Dean had deserted the Grange; but it was impossible to delay her at such a crisis, so I turned away and made my exit, rambling leisurely along with the glow of a sinking sun behind, and the mild glory of a rising moon in front; one fading, and the other brightening, as I quitted the park, and climbved the stony by-road branching off to Mr. Heathcliff’s dwelling.

Before I arrived in sight of it, all that remained of day was a beamless, amber light a long the west; but I could see every pebble on the path, and every blade of grass, by the splended moon.

I had neither to climb the gate, nor to knock—it yielded to my hand.

That is an improvement! I thought. And I noticed another, by the aid of my