氟化物对成纤维细胞和成骨细胞骨形态发生蛋白-2表达的影响

氟化物对成纤维细胞和成骨细胞骨形态

发生蛋白-2表达的影响

井玲张秀云齐玲李广生

【摘要】目的观察氟化物对成纤维细胞和成骨细胞骨形态发生蛋白-2(BMP-2)表达的影响。方法采用体外细胞培养的方法,将细胞分为对照组和6个染氟(F-,0.1、1.0、100.0、1000.0、10000.0、20000.0μg/L)组,分别在5个染氟时间段(2、4、24、48、72h)收集培养上清液和细胞,应用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)和免疫组化方法检测BMP-2蛋白,RT-PCR方法检测染氟48h BMP-2mRNA的表达。结果与对照组比较,成纤维细胞染氟48h BMP-2mRNA表达呈普遍增强趋势,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);免疫组化检查,可见染氟0.1、1.0、1000.0μg/L组成纤维细胞BMP-2阳性着色较对照组增强;染氟72h,培养上清中BMP-2蛋白在1.0、100.0、20000.0μg/L组分别为(0.11±0.01)、(0.11±0.01)、(0.11±0.01),与对照组(0.07±0.01)比较有明显增高(P<0.05)。与染氟成纤维细胞比较,染氟成骨细胞BMP-2mRNA和蛋白表达升高出现早,持续时间较长,增强程度更为明显。结论成纤维细胞和成骨细胞在氟化物的刺激下,BMP-2mRNA和蛋白表达有所升高,推测BMP-2可能是氟化物诱导成纤维细胞中成骨细胞核心结合因子α1(cbfa1)和骨钙素(OCN)表达的重要中介环节。

【关键词】氟化物;成纤维细胞;成骨细胞;骨形态发生蛋白2;细胞培养

Effect of fluoride on the expression of Bone morphogenetic protein2in fibroblasts and osteoblasts JING Ling，ZHANG Xiu?yun，QI Ling，LI Ghuang?sheng.Department of Pathology，Institute of Endemic Diseases，Jilin University，Changchun130021，China

Corresponding author：LI Ghuang?sheng，Email：ligs@https://www.360docs.net/doc/0618476578.html,

【Abstract】Objective To study the effects of fluoride on the expression of Bone morphogenetic protein2 (BMP?2)in fibroblast and osteoblast.Methods Fibroblasts and osteoblasts were exposed to a series of concentrations of fluoride0,0.1,1.0,100.0,1000.0,10000.0,20000.0μg/L,respectively.At the time of 2,4,24,48and72h,the levels of BMP?2mRNA and protein at certain time were measured using RT?PCR,ELISA and immunohistochemistry(IHC)method.Results In fibroblasts,the content of BMP?2protein increased obviously in fluoride of1.0,100.0and20000.0μg/L at72h compared with control group(P<0.05).A strong expression of BMP?2was observed in fibroblasts treated with fluoride of0.1,1.0and1000.0μg/L for48h,but without statistical difference.The expression of BMP?2mRNA were higher in fluoride groups than it was in control group.While in osteoblast,the expression of BMP?2induced by fluoride were much earlier,longer and stronger. Conclusions The higher expression of both mRNA and protein of BMP?2induced by fluoride may play an important role in enhancing the levels of Core?binding factorα1(cbfa1)and oeteocalcin and further in promoting osteogenetic function in fibroblast.

【Key words】Fluorides;Fibroblasts;Osteoblasts;Bone morphogenetic protein2;Cell culture

氟对成骨细胞中微小染色体维系蛋白3表达的影响

钟近洁许永华姚华刘开泰李良忠许琴

【摘要】目的探讨氟对体外培养成骨细胞中微小染色体维系蛋白3(minichromosome maintenance deficient3, MCM3)表达的影响。方法采用免疫组织化学技术、原位杂交技术以及SYBR GreenⅠ嵌合荧光实时定量PCR(real time RT-PCR)方法,检测不同剂量氟(0、5、10、20、40mg/L,处理10d)对体外培养成骨细胞中MCM3表达的影响。结果0、5、10、20、40mg/L各组细胞中均有MCM3蛋白及其mRNA表达,主要在细胞核中表达,与对照组比较,染氟实验组阳性表达强度高于对照组,阳性细胞数多于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中10mg/L组阳性表达高于其他实验组(P<0.05),呈现双向作用。real time RT-PCR检测显示,各组均可检测到MCM3mRNA,相对定量比由对照组到高剂量组约为102∶259∶145∶135∶100;染氟实验组中5、10、20mg/L组表达量高于对照组和40mg/L组,以5mg/L组表达量最高,随着染氟剂量增加,基因表达量降低。结论不同剂量氟对成骨细胞中MCM3表达的影响不同,低剂量氟可以促进MCM3的表达,随剂量增加氟的促进作用减弱。

【关键词】氟;成骨细胞;微小染色体维系蛋白3

Influence of fluoride on the gene expression of minichromosome maintenance deficient3in osteoblasts ZHONG Jin?jie*，XU Yong?hua，YAO Hua，LIU Kai?tai，LI Liang?zhong，XU Qin.*Department of Histology and Embryology，Xinjiang Medical University，Urumuqi830054，China

Corresponding author：LIU Kai?tai，Division of Education and Training，Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention，Beijing100050，Email：kaitailiu@https://www.360docs.net/doc/0618476578.html,

【Abstract】Objective To detect the influence of fluoride on the gene expression of minichromosome maintenance deficient3(MCM3)in osteoblasts in vitro.Methods MCM3gene expression was detected using immunohistochemical technique,in situ hybridization(ISH)and real?time fluorescence quantitative RT?PCR in vitro mouse osteoblasts exposed to fluoride of0,5,10,20,40mg/L for10days,respectively.Results We found that there were MCM3proteins and mRNA expression in0,5,10,20,40mg/L groups,mainly in their https://www.360docs.net/doc/0618476578.html,pared to the control group,the positive intensity of groups exposed to fluoride was stronger,the positive numbers of osteoblasts were also higher,with a statistical significance(P<0.05),especially in10mg/L group(P<0.05)a double?effect was observed.Real time RT?PCR detected MCM3mRNA in all groups,the ratio of MCM3mRNA quantity of control group to each experiment group0,5,10,20,40mg/L was102∶259∶145∶135∶100,respectively,among which the value in5mg/L group is the highest.The higher the dose of fluoride,the less quantity of MCM3mRNA.Conclusions Different doses of fluoride impose different effect on MCM3gene expression of osteoblasts,the promoting effect attenuates along with the increase of the dose.

【Key words】Fluorine;Osteoblasts;Minichromosome maintenance deficient3

氟对小鼠成骨细胞RANKL mRNA表达的影响

王春红齐玲井玲李广生顾莲芝王秀丽

【摘要】目的探讨氟对成骨细胞细胞核因子κB受体活化因子配体(RANKL)m RNA表达的影响。方法分离小鼠乳鼠成骨细胞,取第3代成骨细胞,分别培养于含有矿化液(维生素C50mg/L、β-甘油磷酸钠10mmol/L、地塞米松10-7mol/L)和不含矿化液的L-DMEM培养基中,按染氟剂量[F-终剂量为0(对照组)、1、10、100、1000、10000、20000μg/L]分组,染氟72h后,提取细胞总RNA,通过反转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法,

观察含矿化液和不含矿化液情况下培养的成骨细胞在不同染氟剂量下RANKL m RNA表达的变化。结果与对照组比较,非矿化染氟(不含矿化液)1000μg/L组RANKL m RNA表达升高(P<0.01),10000μg/L组RANKL m RNA表达降低(P<0.01);与对照组比较,矿化染氟100、1000μg/L组RANKL m RNA表达升高(P< 0.01);相同染氟剂量,矿化染氟0、1、10、100、1000、10000μg/L组与非矿化染氟组比较,RANKL m RNA表达降低(P<0.01)。结论染氟可以影响成骨细胞表达RANKL m RNA;同等染氟剂量下,矿化处理可降低成骨细胞RANKL m RNA表达。

【关键词】氟化物;成骨细胞;细胞核因子κB受体活化因子配体

Influence of fluoride on expression of RANKL皂RNA of osteoblasts WANG Chun?hong*，QI Ling，JING Ling，LI Guang?sheng，GU Lian?zhi，WANG Xiu?li.*Department of Hematology，The Second Hospital，Jilin University，Changchun130041，China

Corresponding author：JING Ling，Email：jingling@https://www.360docs.net/doc/0618476578.html,

【Abstract】Objective To study the influence of fluoride on expression of receptor activator of NF?κB ligand(RANKL)mRNA of osteoblasts.Methods Osteoblasts were isolated from calvaria of neonatal mouse and then either cultured in osteogenic medium(L?DMEM medium containing of dexamethasone10-7mol/L,vitamin C 50mg/L and sodium glycerophosphate10mmol/L)or not,and fluoride was added in a series of concentrations(0, 1,10,100,1000,10000and20000μg/L).The expressions of osteoblastic RANKL m RNA were detected by RT?PCR.Results When osteoblasts were treated by fluoride alone,the expressions of RANKL m RNA increased at fluoride concentration of1000μg/L and lowered at10000μg/L,respectively.When osteoblasts were treated by fluoride in osteogenic medium,the expressions of RANKL m RNA increased at fluoride concentrations of100 and1000μg/L.At same fluoride concentration,the level of RANKL m RNA of osteoblasts cultured in osteogenic medium was lower than that without osteogenic medium.Conclusions Fluoride affects RANKL m RNA expressions of osteoblasts,which can be lowered by osteogenic medium at same concentrations of fluoride.

【Key words】Fluoride;Osteoblasts;Receptor activator of NF?κB ligand

氟铝联合对大鼠胚胎发育毒性的体外实验研究

陈丽张本忠

【摘要】目的探讨氟铝联合对大鼠胚胎的发育毒性及其作用机制。方法将9.5d大鼠胚胎于体外培养系统中培养,按给予不同剂量的氟化钠和硫酸铝(氟+铝)分成9组,氟+铝的剂量分别为(0+0)、(5.0+0)、(5.0+1.2)、(5.0+2.4)、(10.0+0)、(10.0+1.2)、(10.0+2.4)、(0+1.2)、(0+2.4)mg/L。48h后测定卵黄囊(VYS)直径、胚胎体长、头长、胚胎干重,观察胚胎生长发育和器官形态分化状况;用改良的Brown形态学评分系统对其胚胎组织器官的形态分化终点进行形态评分,评价胚胎各器官形态分化发育情况。应用3×3析因方差分析判断联合作用类型。结果氟铝共存时,反映胚胎生长发育的指标VYS直径,体长及胚胎干重均存在交互作用(F=29.75,P<0.01),其生长发育情况随铝增加而好转,且组织形态分化指标VYS血管形成、体屈、心脏、鳃弓、上下颌、前后肢、神经管、体节数亦存在交互作用(P<0.05);(10.0+2.4)mg/L与(10.0+0)mg/L组比较,表现出拮抗作用(P<0.05)。结论氟铝对大鼠胚胎发育均有潜在的致畸性和胚胎毒性,氟铝联合在全胚胎培养中对大鼠胚胎发育具有拮抗作用。

【关键词】氟;铝;胚胎培养;发育

The toxicity of combination of fluoride and aluminum on rat embryos in vitro CHEN Li，ZHANG Ben?zhong.Department of Toxicology，College of Public Health，Lanzhou University，Lanzhou730000，China Corresponding author：ZHANG Ben?zhong，Email：benzhongzhang@https://www.360docs.net/doc/0618476578.html,

【Abstract】Objective To explore developmental toxicity and mechanism of combination of fluoride and aluminum to embryos of SD rat.Methods Embryos of SD rat on day9.5of gestation were explanted and cultured in a whole?embryo culture system exposured to a series of doses of fluoride and aluminum(F+Al),which were (0+0),(5.0+0),(5.0+1.2),(5.0+2.4),(10.0+0),(10.0+1.2),(10.0+2.4),(0+1.2)and(0+2.4) mg/L.After48h of culture,yolk sac diameter,crown?rump length,head length and dry weight of each viable embryo were evaluated by Browns morphological scoring system.Factorial experimental analysis of3×3was used to analyze the types of combined action.Results When exposed to both F and Al,yolk sac diameter,crown?rump length and dry weight affected each other(F=29.75,P<0.01),especially with the consistent increase of Al. Every morphogenetic differentiation index has alternate action(P<0.05).Comparison of the data in groups of F+Al of(10.0+2.4)mg/L to(10.0+0)mg/L showed that Al had antagonism to teratogenic toxicity induced by fluoride. Conclusions Both of fluoride and aluminum are developmental toxicant and dysmorphogent to rats.Aluminum partially antagonizes developmental toxicity induced by fluoride on whole embryo culture.

【Key words】Fluoride;Aluminum;Embryo culture;Development

硒锗联合对氟致大鼠血清和肝肾抗氧化酶

及钙镁元素变化的影响

袁秀娟刘宁英马福海索芳陈京闽杨绯

【摘要】目的研究硒锗联合作用对染氟大鼠血清、肝、肾中脂质过氧化物(MDA)水平和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性及钙、镁的影响。方法给SD大鼠饮用含NaF(100mg/L)的蒸馏水90d,同时每天灌胃给予Na2SeO30.1mg/kg和(或)锗-13210mg/kg。对大鼠血清、肝、肾组织中的GSH-Px活性、MDA、钙、镁水平进行测定。结果硒锗联合增加了GSH-Px活性,降低MDA水平;硒和(或)锗对氟诱导的大鼠血清、肝脏、肾脏中的钙水平降低具有明显抑制作用,硒锗联合对氟诱导的大鼠肝脏、肾脏中钙抑制作用强于单纯给予硒或锗;硒和(或)锗对氟诱导的大鼠血清、肾脏中的镁水平降低具有明显抑制作用,硒锗联合对氟诱导的大鼠肝脏的镁水平降低具有明显抑制作用。结论硒锗联合对氟毒性具有明显的拮抗作用,其机制与抗脂质过氧化作用有关;硒锗联合对氟诱导的大鼠钙镁变化的影响具有协同作用。

【关键词】氟;硒;锗;抗氧化酶

Effect of selenium鄄germeniun agent on antioxidase and major elements in fluorosis rats YUAN Xiu?juan，LIU Ning?ying，MA Fu?hai，SUO Fang，CHEN Jing?min，YANG Fei.Ningxia Center for Disease Control and Prevention，Yinchuan750004，China

【Abstract】Objective To study the effect of Se?Ge agent on lipid peroxide(MDA),the activity of glutathione peroxidase(GSH?Px)and major elements such as calcium and magnesium level in fluorosis rats. Methods Sprague?Dawley rats were given distilled water containing NaF(100mg/L),followed by administration of Na2SeO3(0.1mg/kg)and/or Ge?132(10mg/kg)via gastric gavage.The activity of GSH?Px and the content of MDA,Ca,Mg in rats’serum,liver,kidneys were detected.Results Se?Ge agent enhanced GSH?Px activity,while lowering MDA level.Na2SeO3and Ge?132had powerful antagonistic effects on fluoride?induced decrease of Ca,Mg content in serum,liver,kidney of rats,and the effect was more potent when the two agents were used together. Conclusions The combination of Se?Ge agents markedly antagonizes fluoride?induced toxicity,via a mechanism of antagonizing lipid peroxidation.Se and Ge have synergistic effect on changes of major elements.

【Key words】Fluoride;Selenium;Germanium;Antioxidase

直接酸蚀法和磨除后酸蚀法处理氟斑牙

釉质表面的电镜观察

于清华张新华苏毅

【摘要】目的观察直接酸蚀法和磨除后酸蚀法处理氟斑牙釉质表面的作用,以及延长酸蚀时间对釉质脱矿的影响。方法选择正常牙齿釉质片直接酸蚀60s作对照组,氟斑牙釉质片随机分为直接酸蚀组和磨除后酸蚀组,每组酸蚀时间分别为60、90、120、180s。处理后用电镜观察牙釉质表面的超微结构。结果与对照组不同,氟斑牙釉质表面电镜观察可见有小孔、裂纹、形状不一的蜂窝状凹陷,这种凹陷随着酸蚀时间的增加逐渐加深,但酸蚀120s与酸蚀180s结果相近似。在相同酸蚀时间作用下,磨除后酸蚀组效果较直接酸蚀组明显。结论氟斑牙的釉质矿化不良影响酸蚀效果,酸蚀120s后增加酸蚀时间并不能增加对釉质的酸蚀深度。

【关键词】氟中毒,牙;酸蚀,牙;牙釉质

Electron microscopic observation of adamantine surface in dental fluorosis after direct etching and post鄄polish etching YU Qing?hua*，ZHANG Xin?hua，SU Yi.*Department of Stomatology，The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College，Guangzhou510260，China

【Abstract】Objective To compare the effects of two etching methods on enamel of fluorotic teeth surface and to investigate the effect of prolonged etching on the micromorphology of enamel.Methods Enamel specimens obtained from4extracted first molars of dental fluorosis due to periodontal disease were randomly classified into two groups:direct etching and post?polish etching of fluorostic teeth surface.Each groups of teeth were etched for60, 90,120,180s.All the treated surfaces were observed by electronic microscope.Results Perosities,fissures, irregular craters of different sizes were seen on the surface under electron microscope.The depth of the craters became deeper along with the etching time,but the results of the group of120s was similar to that of the group of 180s.The fluorostic teeth surface was better than that directly etched.Conclusions Enamel hypocalcification in dental fluorosis affects etching effect,the etching depth does not increase after120s of etching time.

【Key words】Fluorosis,dental;Acid etching,dental;Dental,enamel

锌对缺碘受孕大鼠和仔鼠甲状腺功能

及脑发育影响的实验研究

杨晓霞边建朝王欣王海明刘永萍王淑贞牟志春李新鸾

【摘要】目的观察锌对碘缺乏妊娠大鼠及仔鼠生长发育、甲状腺和脑形态与功能及相关激素的影响。方

法用低碘饲料喂养Wistar雌性大鼠,同时设补碘、补复合锌、补葡萄糖酸锌、补碘加复合锌组。第90天时将动物模型进行交配,于第21天处死孕鼠,查活胎体质量、畸胎、死胎率和胚胎吸收率,对垂体、甲状腺称质量,测

血清甲状腺激素、促性腺激素和性激素水平。各组仔鼠于生后第45天对垂体、甲状腺称质量,测脑组织蛋白

质、DNA、RNA水平。结果缺碘组孕鼠尿碘低下,甲状腺肿大,T4、FT4降低(P<0.01),T3、FT3升高(P<0.01);促性腺激素和性激素异常;胎鼠体质量降低,死胎、吸收胎增加;仔鼠体质量增长缓慢,甲状腺肿大,脑质量减

轻,蛋白质、DNA、RNA水平减低,同时RNA/DNA和蛋白质/DNA比值降低(P<0.01)。补锌组孕鼠甲状腺质

量较缺碘组减轻(P<0.01),甲状腺激素、促性腺激素和性激素部分恢复;胎鼠体质量增加,死胎和胚胎吸收率

降低;仔鼠甲状腺肿大减轻,体质量增加,脑蛋白质、DNA、RNA水平和RNA/DNA、蛋白质/DNA比值升高(P< 0.01)。结论缺碘大鼠补锌降低甲状腺肿大程度;调节甲状腺激素、促性腺激素和性激素代谢紊乱;其生育的仔鼠甲状腺肿大减轻,大脑蛋白质、DNA、RNA水平增加。由此认为,补锌拮抗由缺碘所致的孕鼠生殖和胎鼠发育异常及仔鼠脑发育障碍。

【关键词】碘;锌;甲状腺;脑;发育障碍

Experimental study of zinc on the function of thyroid and brain development in iodine deficiency pregnant and filial rats YANG Xiao?xia*，BIAN Jian?chao，WANG Xin，WANG Hai?ming，LIU Yong?ping，WANG Shu?zhen，MU Zhi?chun，LI Xin?luan.*Shandong Institute for Prevention and Treatment of Endemic Disease，Jinan250014，China

【Abstract】Objective To observe the effects of zinc(Zn)on growth,thyroid and brain morphology and function and the related hormones in iodine deficiency(ID)pregnant rats and neonates born to ID rats.Methods Wistar female rats were randomly divided into normal control group and5ID groups fed with forage from ID areas. Except for the group of ID control,iodine(I),compound zinc(ZnC),I+ZnC,zinc gluconate(ZnG)were given to other4ID.90days after,the female rats were mated with male rats.All the pregnant rats were killed on the D21of pregnancy.The body weight,the number and rate of fetus absorption,the death and malformation in fetus were determined.The weight of thyroid and pituitary were observed and the levels of thyroid hormone,gonadotropin,and sex hormones in the serum were tested.In the experimental study of filial rats,the weight of thyroid and pituitary were observed and the contents of protein,DNA and RNA were measured when they were45days old.Results Pregnant rats in ID group developed goiter,had a decrease in urine iodine,T4and FT4,and an increase in T3and FT3(P<0.01).Their gonadotropic and sexual hormones were abnormal.The weight gain of pregnant rats was decreased.The rate of malformation,dead and absorbed fetuses were increased.While filial rats with iodine deficiency had goiter and less weight gain.They also had decreased content of the protein,DNA and RNA in the brain,the rate of RNA/DNA and Pr/DNA(P<0.01).After Zn administration,the weight of thyroid of the pregnant rats were lowered(P<0.01)and the thyroid hormone,gonadotropic and sexual hormones were restored to some degree.The weight of fetus was increased and the malformation,dead and absorbed fetus were decreased.At the same time,filial rats gained body weight,had a decrease of the weight of thyroid,an increase of the content of the protein.DNA and RNA in the brain and the rate of RNA/DNA and Pr/DNA elevated after Zn administration(P< 0.01).Conclusions Zn supplementation could decrease the degree of goiter,reduce the disorder of thyroid hormone,gonadotropic and sexual hormones and raise the content of the protein,DNA and RNA,thus antagonize genetic abnormality in pregnant rats,the anomaly of fetus growth and the obstacle of brain growth in filial rats caused by ID.

【Key words】Iodine;Zinc;Thyroid gland;Brain;Developmental disabilities

小干扰RNA对淋巴细胞CD40表达的抑制作用

张震宇张志春刘伟毕郑钢

【摘要】目的探讨体内转录法合成的小干扰RNA(siRNA)对淋巴细胞共刺激分子CD40基因表达的影响。方法设计并合成4条siRNA(si40-1、si40-2、si40-3、si40-4),在阳离子脂质体的介导下转染SD大鼠淋巴细胞。于转染48h收集细胞,半定量RT-PCR方法检测CD40mRNA,流式细胞仪检测CD40表达。结果流式细胞仪检测显示,si40-1、si40-2、si40-3、si40-4组的CD40表达抑制率分别为(21.10±1.54)%、(74.40±1.03)%、

(41.80±0.86)%、(36.02±0.76)%,均明显高于空白对照组[(3.01±0.82)%](P<0.01),其中以si40-2的CD40抑制作用最强。半定量RT-PCR检测显示,与空白对照组比较,4组siRNA转染后淋巴细胞CD40mRNA均受到明显抑制(P<0.01),其中si40-2组的抑制作用最明显。结论siRNA可特异性抑制淋巴细胞共刺激分子CD40基因的转录和表达,从而为进一步研究siRNA在移植免疫耐受及防治移植物抗宿主疾病(GVHD)方面的应用提供了理论和实验基础。

【关键词】RNA干扰;淋巴细胞;CD40共刺激分子

Study on the expression of CD40costimulatory molecule on lymphocytes inhibited by special siRNA ZHANG Zhen?yu*，ZHANG Zhi?chun，LIU Wei，BI Zheng?gang.*Department of Orthopaedics，The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University，Harbin150001，China

Corresponding author：BI Zheng?gang，Email：bizhenggang@https://www.360docs.net/doc/0618476578.html,

【Abstract】Objective To investigate the expression of CD40costimulatory molecule on rat lymphocytes inhibited by siRNA.Methods Four different siRNAs(si40?1,si40?2,si40?3,si40?4)were designed and synthysized followed by transfection into freshly isolated rat lymphocytes with cationic liposome.48h after transfection,the changes of CD40expression were detected by flow cytometry,and the changes of CD40mRNA levels were determined by semi?quantitative RT?PCR.Results si40?1,si40?2,si40?3and si40?4reduced CD40expression by(21.10±1.54)%,(74.40±1.03)%,(41.80±0.86)%and(36.02±0.76)%respectively,as identified by flow cytometry, compared with the control[(3.01±0.82)%](P<0.01).si40?2was the most potent inhibitor.Semi?quantitative RT?PCR assay indicated CD40mRNA levels were inhibited after transfection,at least4folds in si40?2group at48h post transfection compared with the control(P<0.01).Conclusion Four different siRNAs reduce the expression of CD40and the CD40mRNA level via costimulatory molecule blockade,which may provide theoretical and reaching for further study on graft versus host disease(GVHD)after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.

【Key words】RNA interference;Lymphocyte;CD40costimulate molecule

神经生长因子对大鼠心肌损伤后交感神经

去支配及巢蛋白表达的影响

李颖王铜周令望邹宁刘阳姜明春于维汉

【摘要】目的研究神经生长因子(NGF)预处理对异丙肾上腺素(Iso)致大鼠心肌急性损伤后交感神经去支配及巢蛋白(Nestin)表达的影响。方法雄性Wistar大鼠60只,随机分成3组:对照组、Iso损伤组和NGF预处理组,每组20只。观察心肌损伤的病理变化和血清肌酸激酶(CK)改变;免疫组化和RT-PCR方法检测心肌酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)和Nestin的表达。结果NGF预处理组较Iso损伤组心肌坏死面积明显减小(P<0.05)。CK值在Iso 损伤组最高,NGF预处理组次之,均高于对照组(P<0.01)。TH染色阳性的交感神经纤维密度在Iso损伤组[(20.63±6.04)个/mm2]明显下降,与对照组[(31.40±8.96)个/mm2]比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而NGF 预处理组[(29.22±9.11)个/mm2]TH阳性表达与对照组水平接近,并未发生显著减少。各组TH mRNA表达水平与免疫组化结果平行。对照组Nestin mRNA表达水平最低,Iso损伤组和NGF预处理组较高,以NGF预处理组为著。结论NGF预处理可拮抗Iso致大鼠心肌损伤的心脏交感神经去支配,减轻Iso的心肌损伤作用,提示NGF 可通过神经营养作用在心肌损伤修复过程中起重要作用。

【关键词】神经生长因子;巢蛋白;心肌疾病;异丙肾上腺素

Effect of nerve growth factor on sympathetic denervation and Nestin expression after myocardial damage in rats LI Ying，WANG Tong，ZHOU Ling?wang，ZOU Ning，LIU Yang，JIANG Ming?chun，YU Wei?han. Institute of Kashan Disease，Harbin Medical University，Harbin150081，China

Corresponding author：WANG Tong，Email：wangtong@https://www.360docs.net/doc/0618476578.html,

【Abstract】Objective To study the effect of nerve growth factor(NGF)on sympathetic denervation and Nestin expression after myocardial damage induced by Isoprenaline(Iso)in rats.Methods60Wistar male rats were classified into control,Iso and NGF groups to observe the pathological changes of myocardial damage and levels of serum creatine kinase(CK).By immunohistochemistry(IHC)method and RT?PCR,the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)and Nestin were detected.Results The areas of the myocardial necrosis were significantly smaller in the NGF group than in the Iso group(P<0.05).The levels of CK in the NGF group were lower than that in the Iso group but higher than that in the control group(P<0.01).The density of sympathetic fibers that stained positive for TH was significantly lower in group Iso[total nerve number(20.63±6.04)/mm2]than that in control group[total nerve number(31.40±8.96)/mm2,P<0.05].The level of positive expression TH was not obviously decreased in group NGF [total nerve number(29.22±9.11)/mm2],which was close to that in the control group.The levels of TH mRNA expression in three groups were parallel with immunohistochemistry result.The level of Nestin mRNA expression was higher in the groups of NGF and Iso than that in control group,with that of control being the lowest that of group NGF the highest.Conclusions The NGF can inhibit sympathetic denervation after myocardial damage induced by Iso in rats and alleviate the damage of myocardium induced by Iso,indicating that NGF might play a significant role in the process of myocardial damage and reparation through the mechanisms of neurotrophy.

【Key words】Nerve growth factor;Nestin;Myocardial diseases;Isoproterenol

多房棘球绦虫重组BCG-EmⅡ/3疫苗诱导的保护力观察李文桂王鸿朱佑明

【摘要】目的探讨多房棘球绦虫(Em)重组卡介苗(BCG-EmⅡ/3)疫苗免疫对Em原头节攻击感染的保护性作用。方法Balb/c小鼠随机分为疫苗皮下注射组、鼻腔接种组、空载体对照组、卡介苗(BCG)对照组和磷酸缓冲液(PBS)对照组。接种免疫8周,用Em原头节进行攻击感染,感染后18周剖杀小鼠,称取检获泡球蚴质量,计算减蚴率,并用ELISA法测定血清中IgG及其亚类和IgE水平。结果与PBS对照组比较,疫苗皮下注射组和鼻腔内接种组小鼠检获泡球蚴质量均降低(q=2.65、3.68,P<0.05或<0.01),疫苗鼻腔内接种组与皮下注射组比较,检获泡球蚴质量降低(q=2.78,P<0.05),疫苗接种组的减蚴率为63.23%~74.70%;与疫苗鼻腔内接种前比较,接种后和Em原头节攻击后小鼠血清IgG、IgG2a、IgG2b和IgE水平均明显升高(P<0.05或

<0.01),IgG1降低(P<0.01),IgG3未见明显改变(P>0.05)。结论重组BCG-EmⅡ/3疫苗鼻腔内接种是一种较好的途径,IgG、IgG2a、IgG2b和IgE在疫苗诱导的保护力中起重要作用。

【关键词】棘球蚴病,肝;重组BCG-EmⅡ/3疫苗;保护力

Observation on protection by immunization with recombinant BCG-EmⅡ辕3vaccine of Echinococcus multilocularis LI Wen?gui，WANG Hong，ZHU You?ming.Institute of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases，The First Affiliated Hospital，Chongqing Medical University，Chongqing400016，China

【Abstract】Objective To investigate protection of immunization with recombinant BCG?EmⅡ/3vaccine of Echinococcus multilocularis(Em)and against challenge with Em protoscolexes.Methods Balb/c mice were subcutaneously and intranasally vaccinated by the vaccine respectively,followed by the challenge with Em protoscolexes on the8th week of vaccination and the sacrifice on the18th week of infection to count the rate of reduced alveolar echinococcus weight and to examine the level of IgE,IgG and its subclasses.Blank vector,BCG and PBS served as controls.Results In the groups of immunization,the rate of reduced alveolar echinococcus weight was63.23%~74.70%,the level of IgG,IgG2a,IgG2b and IgE increased obviously,that of IgG1decreased remarkably,but that of IgG3had no obvious change.Conclusions Intranasal vaccination with rBCG?EmⅡ/3 vaccine may be a good route.IgG,IgG2a,IgG2b and IgE may play important roles in the protection induced by this vaccine.

【Key words】Echinococcosis,hepatic;Recombinant BCG?EmⅡ/3vaccine;Protection

西藏地区鼠疫耶尔森菌基因分型研究

戴瑞霞戴二黑周冬生赵海红李存香金丽霞杨晓艳

祁美英崔百忠李敏杨瑞馥西绕若登次仁顿珠

【摘要】目的研究西藏地区鼠疫菌的基因组成和基因分型。方法对西藏地区分离到的75株鼠疫菌,按照周东生等已经证实的22个差异区段(DFRs)设计引物,对每株鼠疫菌的每个基因差异区段都采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)进行验证。结果西藏地区75株鼠疫菌共包括3个基因型,即5、6、10型。藏北地区分离的鼠疫菌为5型和6型,分别占24.0%、13.3%;藏南地区分离的鼠疫菌为10型,占62.7%。结论在西藏地区鼠疫菌中,青藏高原型鼠疫菌为5和6型,岗底斯山型鼠疫菌为10型。

【关键词】耶尔森菌,鼠疫;聚合酶链反应;基因型;差异区段

Genomic typing of strains of Yerinia pestis in Tibet Region DAI Rui?xia*，DAI Er?hei，ZHOU Dong?sheng，ZHAO Hai?hong，LI Cun?xiang，JIN Li?xia，YANG Xiao?yan，QI Mei?ying，CUI Bai?zhong，LI Min，YANG Rui?fu，XI?RAO Ruo?deng，CI?REN Dun?zhu.*Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control of Qinghai Province，Xining811602，China

【Abstract】Objective To study the distribution of genomovars and microevolution of Yersinia pestis(Y. pestis)in Tibet Region.Methods Primer pairs targeting the twenty?two different regions(DFRs)designed by ZHOU Dong?sheng were used to detect the presence or deletion of each DFR in75strains of Y.pestis isolated from Tibet Region.Results75strains of Y.pestis in Tibet Region were classified as genomovar5,6and10.Genomovar5and 6strains of Y.pestis distributed in the north of Tibet,accounting for24.0%and13.3%,respectively.Genomovar10 strains of Y.pestis distributed in the south of Tibet,accounting for62.7%.Conclusion Strains of Y.pestis of Qing?Tibet Plateau are classified into genomovar5and6,Gangdis Monutain strain is of genomovar10.

【Key words】Yerinia pestis;Polymerase chain reaction;Genotype;Different region

2003年和2004年全国饮水型氟中毒重点监测报告全国地方性氟中毒监测组

【摘要】目的掌握全国饮水型地方性氟中毒(简称地氟病)防治措施落实进度、防治效果及病情变化动态,为制定饮水型地氟病防治策略提供科学依据。方法按全国地氟病监测方案规定的方法和要求进行。结果

①饮水型地氟病病区防治措施落实进度仍然呈现增长,改水率增长2.52%;②改水降氟工程合格率明显下降,2003年为69.33%,2004年为67.09%,下降了2.24个百分点;③居民饮水氟(均值)已有61.29%达到国家标准,>2.0mg/L的只有4个村屯,另一部分虽然超过国家标准,但并不很高,属轻病区水平;④监测点儿童氟斑牙检出率仍普遍超过30%控制线,但主要集中在30%~70%,而超过70%检出率的仅占19.35%。结论①饮水型地氟病病区的防治措施落实进度虽然仍呈现增长趋势,但是地区差别很大,高者甚高,低者甚低;②改水降氟工程呈现增长,改水降氟工程合格率表现为下降,不具同步性,与降氟工程的年久失修、报废或改水工程未达到降氟要求有关;③饮水型病区病情仍然存在,且有些病区病情相当严重。

【关键词】饮水;氟化物中毒;监测

Surveillance on endemic fluorosis of drinking water type in China：a two鄄year report of2003and2004 Collaboration Group of National Endemic Fluorosis Surveillance

Corresponding author：SUN Dian鄄jun，Institute of Endemic Fluorosis，Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control，Harbin Medical University，Harbin150081，Email：zdyz@https://www.360docs.net/doc/0618476578.html,

【Abstract】Objectives To investigate the outcome and effect of countermeasures for endemic fluorosis of drinking water type and to find out the trends of prevalence of this disease in China to provide scientific basis for the set up of control strategies.Method The surveillance was carried out according to the methods and requirement of The National Survey Scheme of Endemic Fluorosis.Results①The implement of control measures was improved in drinking water type endemic areas,the improved drinking water was increased by2.52%.②The qualified water?improving and defluoride projects was decreased obviously,being67.09%and69.33%in2004and2003 respectively,decreased by2.24percent.③61.29%of drinking water met the national standard of averaged fluoride levels.Fluoride content was higher than2.0mg/L in4villages and exceeded national standard a little bit in the rest of the villages which were rated as mild endemic area.④Detectable rates of dental fluorosis in children in survey spots were generally30%above the control line,mainly in the range of30%~70%.Areas with a detectable rate higher than70%only accounted for19.35%.Conclusions①The implement of countermeasures in drinking water type areas keeps increasing,but it varies dramatically among areas.②The decreased qualified water?improving and defluoride projects are contradictory to the increased amount of projects,which is probably related to the disrepair and discard of the projects or failure to reach the requirement of decreasing fluoride.③The drinking water type fluorosis still exists and quite serious in some areas.

【Key words】Drinking water;Fluoride poisoning;Control;Surveillance

1991-2005年广东省丰顺县饮水型氟中毒

病区监测结果分析

吴锦权尹冬梅戴昌芳吴和岩冯光辉杜国歆

【摘要】目的了解1991-2005年广东省丰顺县饮水型氟中毒病区实施改水降氟防治措施后的病情动态。方法在饮水型氟中毒病区大寨村、湖陂村和安全村,进行连续15年的监测,采用氟离子电极法检测饮水氟和儿童尿氟,Dean法检查儿童氟斑牙,X线检查成人氟骨症。结果大寨村、湖陂村和安全村儿童氟斑牙检出率总体呈逐年下降趋势,但中间有波动,氟斑牙指数分别从1991年的1.5、3.0、1.3下降到2005年的0.8、0.9、0.2,流行强度达到轻微或阴性流行标准。2002年以来3个村儿童尿氟<1.50mg/L。成人氟中毒患病率和氟骨症Χ线检查阳性率逐年下降。结论饮水型氟中毒病区通过改水降氟后,人群总摄氟量减少,氟中毒有一定程度减轻,说明改换水源是预防饮水型氟中毒最有效的方法,但要规范管理改水降氟设施的使用。

【关键词】氟化物中毒;监测;结果评价

Surveillance on water鄄related endemic fluorosis in Fengshun County Guangdong Province from1991to 2005:an outcome analysis WU Jin?quan，YIN Dong?mei，DAI Chang?fang，WU He?yan，FENG Guang?hui，DU Guo?xin.Centre for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province，Guangzhou510300，China 【Abstract】Objective To investigate the fluorosis situation after measures having been taken to improve water and decrease fluorine in water?related endemic fluorosis area in Guangdong Province.Methods Dazhai Village,Hupo Village and Anquan Village in Fengshun County,an intense water?related endemic fluorosis area, were randomly chosen as surveillance spot and had been observed for15years.Fluoride content in drinking water and fluoride in child urine were assessed.And dental fluorosis of children was examined with Dean index,skeletal fluorosis in adults was examined with X?ray.Results The prevalence rate of dental fluorosis of students fluctuated,but decreased gradually.The dental fluorosis index in Dazhai Village,Hupo Village and Anquan Village decreased from1.5,3.0,1.3to0.8,0.9,0.2,respectively,meeting the criteria of mild and non?endemic areas. Urine fluoride concentration of children in the three villages all had been within the limit of1.50mg/L since2002. The prevalence rate of adult fluorosis and positive detection rate of skeletal fluorosis examined by X?ray decreased gradually.Conclusions After measures having been taken to improve water and decrease fluorine in water?related endemic fluorosis area,the total fluorine intake by population and the level of fluorosis decreased,indicating that the most efficient method for preventing drinking water fluorosis was altering water source.However,the management of improving water facilities should been strengthened.

【Key words】Fluoride poisoning;Surveillance;Outcome assessment

2004年和2005年河北省三河市地方性氟中毒

监测结果报告

马景吕胜敏章和平杜永贵姚光俊张克杰李阳赵国俊

【摘要】目的了解河北省三河市地方性氟中毒(简称地氟病)防治效果及降氟设施使用情况。方法按《全国地方性氟中毒重点监测方案》对三河市100个改水工程的使用情况进行调查;对三河市燕郊镇赵辛庄村和皇庄镇皇庄村进行地氟病病情监测,儿童氟斑牙检查用Dean法,水氟、尿氟测定采用氟离子选择电极法。结果三河市100个集中式改水设施,饮水含氟量在1.0mg/L以下的仅有54个,占54%。2004、2005年燕郊镇赵辛庄村水氟均值分别为0.53、0.45mg/L,8~12岁儿童氟斑牙检出率分别为19.5%、21.7%,儿童尿氟分别为1.51、1.15mg/L;皇庄镇皇庄村水氟均值分别为0.57、0.68mg/L,8~12岁儿童氟斑牙检出率分别为26.7%、24.5%,儿童尿氟分别为1.41、1.38mg/L。结论三河市2个地氟病病区村的饮水含氟量均符合国家标准,8~ 12岁儿童氟斑牙检出率等主要监测指标已降至非病区水平,监测点氟中毒病情得到有效控制。

【关键词】饮水;氟化物中毒;流行病学;结果评价

Endemic fluorosis in Sanhe City of Hebei Province in2004and2005：an analysis of the outcome MA Jing*，LüSheng?min，ZHANG He?ping，DU Yong?gui，YAO Guang?jun，ZHANG Ke?jie，LI Yang，ZHAO Guo?jun.*Hebei Province Center for Disease Control Prevention，Shijiazhuang050021，China 【Abstract】Objective To investigate and the outcome of national endemic fluorosis surveillance in Sanhe County in order to guide the prevention of endemic fluorosis in Hebei Province.Methods The surveillance was carried out by using the ruling method and criterion of The National Surveillance Scheme of Endemic Fluorosis.The running status of100water defluoriding projects was investigated.The dental fluorosis of8~12years old children was examined with Deans index,the fluoride contents in urine and drinking water were determined with fluoride selective ion electrode method.Results Out of100projects examined,only54had fluoride content lower than1.0 mg/L,accounting for54%.In2004and2005,the average fluoride content in drinking water was0.53,0.45mg/L of Zhaoxinzhuang,a village of Yanjiao Town,and0.57,0.68mg/L in Huangzhuang,a village of Huangzhuang Town,respectively;the detectable rate of children’s dental fluorosis in Zhaoxinzhuang in2004and2005was 19.5%,21.7%,6.7%and24.5%in Huangzhuang respectively;In2004and2005,the urinary fluoride content of 8~12years old children was1.51,1.15mg/L in Zhaoxinzhuang and was1.41,1.38mg/L in Huangzhuang respectively.Conclusions The fluoride contents in the two villages of Sanhe City have met the national standard, with water fluoride content and the rate of dental fluorosis of children being similar to that of non?disease in Sanhe. The prevalence of endemic fluorosis has been controlled in Zhaoxinzhuang and Huangzhuang.

【Key words】Drinking;Fluoride poisoning;Epidemiology;Outcome assessment

山东省平度市地方性氟中毒防制工作

现状调查分析

王洪俊崔金兰单吉玲

【摘要】目的了解山东省平度市地方性氟中毒防制工作现状。方法按照《平度市地方性氟中毒防制工作现状调查方案》的要求,对原地方性氟中毒病区村和疑似病村进行流行病学调查,水、尿氟用氟离子电极法测定,儿童氟斑牙调查采用Dean法进行诊断,X线摄片检查氟骨症。结果全市共建改水降氟工程344处,均运转基本正常。已改水病村482个,占69.96%;未改水病村207个,占30.04%。共检测了672个病村的1140份水样,水氟≤1.0mg/L的村占33.33%,水氟>1.0mg/L的村占66.67%;在482个改水村中,水氟≤1.0mg/L的村占42.53%,水氟>1.0mg/L的村占57.47%;水氟最高为19.0mg/L。调查了937名8~12岁儿童,氟斑牙检出率为61.69%,氟斑牙指数为1.34。对617名30岁以上成人进行了临床和X线摄片检查,氟骨症检出率为

27.88%。8~12岁儿童的尿氟均值为1.53mg/L(0.43~5.84mg/L);30岁以上成人的尿氟几何均值为2.25mg/L (0.06~16.40mg/L)。结论平度市现在仍有448个村的23万余人遭受高氟的危害,地方性氟中毒防制形势十分严峻,须进一步加大防治工作力度。

【关键词】地方病;氟中毒,牙;流行病学

Prevention and control for endemic fluorosis in Pingdu County；current status analysis WANG Hong?jun，CUI Jin?lan，SHAN Ji?ling.Pingdu Center for Disease Prevention and Control，Pingdu266700，China Corresponding author：CUI Jin?lan，Email：cjinlan@https://www.360docs.net/doc/0618476578.html,

【Abstract】Objective To investigate the current status of prevention and control for endemic fluorosis. Methods According to The Pindu City Investigation Scheme on Current Status of Prevention and Control for Endemic Fluorosis,the content of fluoride in drinking water and urine was respectively assessed by F?ion selective electrode,and dental and skeletal fluorosis of children was diagnosed by Dean method by X?Rays respectively. Results The city had built344water?improving defluoridation projects,which basically were running normally. 482fluorosis villages have improved water and lowered fluoride,accounting for69.96%.The remaining207 fluorosis villages,accounting for30.04%,did not improve water and lowered fluoride,accounting for30.04%. Fluoride content was determined in1140water samples from672fluorosis villages wer,resulting in33.33%≤1.00 mg/L and66.67%>1.0mg/L,also42.53%≤1.0mg/L and57.47%>1.0mg/L with the highest being19.0 mg/L.Among937children aged8~12years,the rate of dental fluorosis of children aged8~12years was 61.69%,the index of dental fluorosis was1.34.In617adults older than30years examined by clinic and X?Ray, the rate of skeletal fluorosis was27.88%.The averaging fluoride level in child and adult urine was1.53mg/L (0.43~5.84mg/L)and2.25mg/L(0.06~16.40mg/L),respectively.Conclusions Over448villages and230 thousands people are endangered by endemic fluorosis.Preventive situation for endemic fluorosis control is still not optimistic in Pingdu,and the prevention and control needs to be reinforced.

【Key words】Endemic;Fluorosis,dental;Epidemiology

地方性砷中毒病区饮用水中形态砷化物水平调查

李冰徐苑苑贺淼富景奇薛鹏徐磊孙鲜策孙贵范

【摘要】目的调查地方性砷中毒(简称地砷病)病区饮用水中形态砷化物水平,为地砷病防治和科研工作提供科学依据。方法在山西、安徽省和内蒙古自治区地砷病病区采集高砷井水水样,高压液相色谱-氢化物发生-原子荧光分光光度法测定各种形态砷化物。结果地砷病病区饮用水的形态砷化物主要是3价的无机砷(iAsⅢ)和5价的无机砷(iAsⅤ),含有机砷量很低。安徽省和内蒙古自治区水样中iAsⅢ明显高于iAsⅤ,分别占总砷的85.2%(297.07μg/L)和73.4%(103.45μg/L),97%(27份)和80%(48份)的受检水样中iAsⅢ占含总砷量的60%以上;山西省水样iAsⅢ和iAsⅤ水平差别不明显。结论不同地砷病病区水体形态砷化物水平和分布存在

差异,在对饮用水中总砷测定的同时,有必要测定和分析形态砷化物iAsⅢ和iAsⅤ的水平。

【关键词】砷中毒;水污染,化学性;地方病

Investigating arsenide speciation of drinking water in three endemic arsenism areas of China LI Bing*，XU Yuan?yuan，HE Miao，FU Jing?qi，XUE Peng，XU Lei，SUN Xian?ce，SUN Gui?fan.*School of Public Health，China Medical University，Shenyang110001，China

Corresponding author：SUN Gui?fan,Email：sungf@https://www.360docs.net/doc/0618476578.html,

【Abstract】Objective To investigate the arsenic speciation in drinking water in endemic arsenism areas of China.Methods High arsenic well water were collected and determined by HPLC?HG?AFS.Results Arsenide in drinking water in the endemic arsenism areas of China mainly presented as iAsⅢand iAsⅤ,while the levels of organic arsenic were very low.In Anhui Province and Inner Mongolia,iAsⅢlevels,respectively accounting for 85.2%(297.07μg/L)and73.4%(103.45μg/L)of total arsenium,were significantly higher than iAsⅤ;97%(n= 27)and80%(n=48)of the collected water samples had iAsⅢmore than60%of the total arsenium;However,no significance were found between iAsⅢand iAsⅤin Shanxi Province.Conclusion Arsenide in drinking water exists and distributes in different forms among the endemic arsenism areas of China,thus it is necessary to determine arsenic valence,either iAsⅢor iAsⅤ,while assessing the total arsenic concentrations.

【Key words】Arsenic,poisoning;Water pollution,chemical;Endemic disease

2005年山西省碘缺乏病监测结果分析

张向东贾清珍王正辉李军乔小艳韩凌凌王友李胜婷赵俊兰

【摘要】目的了解山西省碘缺乏病病情和人群碘营养状况,评价干预措施落实情况及效果,为决策和下一步的防治工作提供依据。方法采用人口比例概率抽样法(PPS)在全省抽取30个县,每县随机抽取1所小学,每所小学抽取40名8~10岁儿童,采集其家中盐样检测盐碘,调查甲状腺肿大情况(触诊法和B超法),测试智商;在上述40名儿童中随机抽取12名,采集尿样检测尿碘;另外抽取5年级学生20名,学校所在村18~

35岁妇女5名,调查健康教育状况。结果居民碘盐覆盖率为98.19%,合格碘盐食用率为93.17%;儿童尿碘中位数为245.4μg/L;儿童甲状腺肿大率触诊法为4.8%,B超法为3.6%;儿童智商为108.0±14.0;5年级学生健康教育得分43.9分,家庭主妇健康教育得分83.5分。结论山西省仍属实现碘缺乏病消除目标省份。

【关键词】碘;缺乏症;监测

Surveillance on iodine deficiency disorders in2005：an analysis in Shanxi ZHANG Xiang?dong*，JIA Qing?zhen，WANG Zheng?hui，LI Jun，QIAO Xiao?yan，HAN Ling?ling，WANG You，LI Sheng?ting，ZHAO Jun?lan. *Shanxi Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Treatment，Linfen041000，China

【Abstract】Objective To explore into the status of iodine deficiency disorders(IDD)prevalence and iodine nutrition in inhabitants,as well as to evaluate the effect of intervening countermeasure for future reference. Methods30counties in Shanxi Province were selected by adopting proportional probability sampling method.40 children aged8to10years old were randomly selected in each primary school randomly chosen in each county, whose household salt was sampled and tested;goiter rate was detected by palpation B?ultrasound,and intelligence quotient(IQ)were investigated.In12children randomly sampled among the40,their urinary samples were gathered and iodine content was tested.In addition,20students in the fifth grade in each school and5housewives aged18 to35years old in village where the school located were selected.The student and housewife were quizzed for the knowledge of health education.Results The coverage rate of iodinated salt was98.19%.The intake rate of qualified salt was93.17%.The median urinary was245.4μg/L.The goiter rate was4.8%by palpation and3.6%by B?ultrasound.The average IQ was108.0±14.0.The average score of health education was43.9in the fifth grade students and was83.5in housewives.Conclusion Shanxi Province is in the process of eliminating iodine deficiency disorders.

【Key words】Iodine;Deficiency diseases;Surveillance

2005年安徽省碘缺乏病监测结果分析

张建勤李卫东赵立胜孙瑞发王玲俐秦克彬李春

【摘要】目的了解安徽省实现消除碘缺乏病阶段目标后碘缺乏病防治工作现状,掌握碘缺乏病病情的消长趋势。方法按人口比例概率抽样方法确定监测对象,触诊法和B超法检查8~10岁儿童甲状腺大小;用直接滴定法(GB/T13025.7-1999)检测食盐含碘量,用酸消化砷铈接触分光光度法测定尿碘。结果8~10岁儿童尿碘中位数为311.7μg/L,其中<50μg/L的2份,占0.55%;<100μg/L的29份,占8.03%。8~10岁儿童甲状腺肿大率触诊法为3.33%,B超法为3.73%。合格碘盐食用率95.5%,碘盐覆盖率97.6%。儿童智商均值98.22。碘缺乏病防治知识知晓率学生组为86.3%,家庭主妇组为100%。结论安徽省儿童碘营养水平充足;安徽省已达到消除碘缺乏病各项指标。

【关键词】碘;缺乏症;盐;尿;监测

Iodine deficiency disorders:an analysis of the outcome of the surveillance in Anhui Province in2005 ZHANG Jian?qin*，LI Wei?dong，ZHAO Li?sheng，SUN Rui?fa，WANG Ling?li，QIN Ke?bin，Li Chun.*Center for Disease Control Prevention of Anhui，Hefei230061，China

【Abstract】Objective To explore the present situation the tend of prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD)in our province after gradually achieving the aims of IDD elimination.Methods According to the standard set up by The Fifth National IDD Surveillance Scheme issued by The Ministry of Health of PRC,the surveillance was carried out by stratified sampling with probability proportional to size(PPS).The size of thyroid gland was measured by palpation and B?ultrasound.The acid digest arsenic?cerium contacting method was used to determine urinary iodine level,and iodine level in salt was detected using direct titration method(GB/T13025.7-1999).Results The median of urinary iodine in children aged8~10was311.7μg/L,it was lower than50μg/L in0.55%of the children(2 urinary samples),and was lower than100μg/L in8.03%of the children(29urinary samples).The prevalence rate of goiter in children aged8~10was3.33%detected by palpation and3.73%by B?ultrasound.The qualified iodized?salt rate was95.5%,iodized?salt covered97.6%of the population;The mean of intelligence quotient was98.22;The awareness rate of IDD relative knowledge in primary school pupils of the fifth grade and rural housewives was86.3% and100%,respectively.Conclusions Children in Anhui Province are sufficiently nourished with iodine;Each indicator meets the national standardization of IDD elimination in Anhui Province.

【Key words】Iodine;Deficiency disease;Salt;Urinary;Surveillance

青海省第5次碘缺乏病监测结果分析

李增月李勇唐艳萍张秀丽文海安永清胡兰省杨佩珍马晓翠

【摘要】目的了解和掌握青海省碘缺乏病防治工作现状,发现存在的问题,为今后制定防治措施提供科学依据。方法采用人口比例概率抽样法(PPS)抽取30个调查点,尿碘采用酸消化砷铈接触法测定、盐碘采用GB/T13025.7-1999直接滴定法,判定标准依据GB5461-2000(食用盐)执行。结果8~10岁儿童甲状腺肿大率触诊法为5.8%,B超法为2.0%;儿童尿碘中位数为160.2μg/L;碘盐覆盖率为85.5%,碘盐合格率为89.8%,合格碘盐食用率为76.8%;5年级学生健康教育问卷调查,平均为29.6分,及格(≥60分)率为10.8%。结论青海省人群总体碘营养状况不断得到改善;由于局部地区非碘盐冲击仍然比较严重,局部地区的人群尿碘水平还很低;健康教育宣传环节非常薄弱,应加强宣传力度。

【关键词】碘;缺乏症;监测

The5th iodine deficiency disease surveillance in Qinghai Province:an outcome analysis LI Zeng?yue，LI Yong，TANG Yan?ping，ZHANG Xiu?li，WEN Hai，AN Yong?qing，HU Lan?sheng，YANG Pei?zhen，MA Xiao?cui.Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control，Xining811602，China 【Abstract】Objective To explore into the current situation of the iodine deficiency disorders in Qinghai Province to find the existing problems,and to provide the scientific knowledge for the further prevention and cure strategy for iodine deficiency disorders.Methods Sampl methods were randomly collected with probability proportional to size(PPS)method in30survey spots.The acid digest arsenic?cerium contact method was used to determine the iodine level in urine;Iodine level in salt was detected using GB/T13025.7?1999direct titration method based on GB5461-2000(edible salt)judging criteria.Results The incidence of goiter was5.8%when diagnosed by palpation and was2.0%by B ultrasound.The median of urine iodine level was160.2μg/L;iodine salt covered85.5%of the population.The rate of qualified iodinated salt was89.8%,and the rate of taking qualified salt was76.8%.The questionnaires on health and education among the fifth grade students had shown that the average score was29.6points,with10.8%no less than60.Conclusions The iodine nutritional status of population keeps improving recently,however,non?iodine salt impacts upon some areas seriously,leading to low urine iodine level.Health education should be strengthened for its weak status.

【Key words】Iodine;Deficiency disorders;Surveillance

2005年河南省碘缺乏病监测结果分析

郑合明罗君李小烽王传钢杨金孙宁柯庚寅

【摘要】目的调查河南省碘缺乏病防治现状,完善可持续防治策略。方法采用人口比例概率抽样法(PPS)分阶段抽样,全省抽取30个县的8~10岁学生1200名,检查甲状腺肿大情况、测验智商、检测尿碘及家中盐样含碘量,并在学生和家庭主妇中进行健康教育问卷调查。结果①全省盐碘均值为29.18mg/kg,碘盐覆盖率为97.67%。②8~10岁学生甲状腺肿大率触诊法为4.56%,B超法为2.75%;智商均值为95.5,标准差为16.3。③检测8~10岁儿童尿样358份,尿碘中位数为315.30μg/L。④问卷调查602名学生碘缺乏病防治知识,平均分为57.9分,及格率为35.5%。⑤在普及碘盐供应10年后,原划定病区与非病区间儿童甲状腺肿大率(B超法)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);智商、盐碘、尿碘间差异亦无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论①河南省目前各项防治指标达到了碘缺乏病消除标准,但学龄儿童尿碘中位数较高,可以考虑适当下调碘盐含碘量;②儿童智商低下者(智商≤69)仍然高达7.3%,需要加强对孕妇的重点监测,早期发现缺碘,早期补碘;③防治知识知晓率偏低,应加强健康教育工作,增强群众防病意识。

【关键词】碘;缺乏症;监测

Iodine deficiency disorders surveillance:an analysis in2005in Henan Province ZHENG He?ming，LUO Jun，LI Xiao?feng，WANG Chuan?gang，YANG Jin，SUN Ning，KE Geng?yin.Endemic Disease Institute of Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Henan Province，Zhengzhou450016，China

【Abstract】Objective To investigate current situation of the iodine deficiency disorders(IDD)prevention and control in Henan Province in the aim at perfecting the countermeasures.Methods Proportional probability sampling method was used to randomly sample1200pupils from30counties in Henan Province.Goiter,intelligence quotient (IQ),urinary iodine level(UI),iodinated salt(SI)and health education questionnaire was respectively inspected. Results①In Henan,iodinated salt covered97.67%,the average iodine content was29.18mg/kg.②In students aged8~10year,goiter rate was4.56%by palpation,was2.75%by B?ultrasound;The average IQ value was95.5 with a standard deviation of16.3.③UI was315.30μg/L in students aged8~10year.④Health education questionnaires of602resulted in an averaged mark of57.9,35.5%passed the exam.⑤After supply of iodinated salt for10years,the goiter rate detected by B?ultrasound showed no significant differences of IQ,SI,UI between the epidemic areas originally defined and the areas of non?disease(P>0.05).Conclusions①Although IDD has been eliminated in Henan Province,the school children have a high median of UI.The concentration of SI needs to be lowered down considerably.②As for the fact that7.3%of children are mentally retarded,whose IQ≤69,we need to pay great attention to the pregnant women if they lack of iodine.Once iodine deficiency is found out,iodinated salt is supplied as early as possible.③For the awareness of IDD prevention and control is not popular,the health education must be promoted.

【Key words】Iodine;Deficiency diseases;Surveillance