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一、填空题(每小题3分,共15分)

1. 设),,(321αααA =,)93,42,(321321321αααααααααB ++++++=, 且|A |=1, 则 |B | = ( 2 ).

2. 向量组,

,

,

的秩为

( 2 ).

3. 设B A ,为同阶可逆矩阵,则1

2-???

?

??O O B A

4. 设矩阵?????

???

?

??--=b a

2

1616261

313131

A 为正交矩阵, 则.

5. 设????

? ??---=53342111a A ,且A 的特征值为2,6321===λλλ. 如果A 有属于特征值2

的两个线性无关的特征向量,则a = ( -2 ).

二、单项选择题(每小题3分,共15分)

1. 方程

0311112111

1111

111

=---x

x x 的所有根为( A ).

(A) 0,1,2

(B) 1,2,3 (C) 0,1,2,3

(D) 1,2,3,4

2. 设n 阶方阵A 的行列式0=A ,则A 中( C ). (A) 必有一列元素全为0

(B) 必有两列元素对应成比例

(C) 必有一列向量可有其余列向量线性表示 (D) 任一列向量是其余列向量的线性组合 3. 下列各向量组线性相关的是( C ).

(A) )1,0,0(),0,1,0(),0,0,1(321===ααα

(B) )0,1,2(),6,5,4(),3,2,1(321===ααα (C) )5,4,2(),3,2,1(21==αα

(D) )1,2,2(),2,1,2(),2,2,1(321===ααα

4. 设n 阶矩阵A 满足A A =2

, 则A 的特征值为( D ). (A) 0 (B) 1 (C) (D) 0或1.

5. 下列关于321,,x x x 的二次型正定的是( A ).

(A) 2

3

22212122x x x x x +++ (B) 22212x x + (C) 22212122x x x x ++ (D) 23

22212122x x x x x -++ 三、判断题(下列叙述正确的打“√”,错误的打“×”,每小题3分,共15分)

1. 已知A 、B 为n 阶方阵,则BA AB =. ( × )

2. 设向量组m ααα,,,21 的秩为r , 则r < m . ( × )

3. 设A 、B 为n m ?矩阵,且R (A ) = R (B ), 则存在可逆矩阵P 、Q ,使PAQ = B . ( √ )

4. 若线性方程组Ax = 0有非零解, 则Ax = b ≠ 0有无穷多个解. ( √ )

5. 设2=λ是矩阵A 的特征值,则3

4

=

λ是矩阵231A 的特征值. ( √ )

四、(10分) 计算行列式

y

y x x -+-+1111111111111

11

1.

五、 (10分) 设????

? ??---=111111111A ,X A X A 21*

+=-,其中*

A 是A 的伴随矩阵,求X .

六、 (10分)求下列线性方程组

??

?

??=+-+--=++-+=++-+4

32636242232543215432154321x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x

.

七、(10分)已知矩阵????? ??=300011011A 与???

?

? ??=x 00030000B 相似.

(1) 求x .

(2) 求可逆矩阵P ,使得B AP P =-1

.

八、证明题(共15分, 第1题7分,第2题8分)

1. 设向量组m A ααα,,,:21 线性无关, 向量1β可由向量组A 线性表示, 而向量2

β不能由向量组A 线性表示. 证明向量组2121,,,,ββααα+m 必线性无关.

2. 证明:

(1)可逆方阵无特征根0.

(2)若0λ为可逆方阵A 的一个特征根,则1

0-λ是1

-A 的一个特征根.

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