新世纪大学英语综合教程3课后答案Unit2

Electronic Teaching Portfolio

Book Three

Unit Two: Love

Part I Get Started

Section A Discussion

▇Sit in groups of threes or fours and discuss the following questions.

1) Do you think love and marriage are important matters in our life? Why or why not?

2) Dating and courtship is a common scene at college now. What do you think of it?

3) What do you think are the most important factors that contribute to a stable love relationship? Give your reasons.

▇ Answers for reference:

1)Yes. It is human nature to feel attraction and affection between different sexes. A life without love is often

regarded as imperfect. Those who are in love would long to stay together, and families resulting from love usually lay the foundation for a stable society.

2)I t’s OK to start dating at college, because college students are already grown-ups in the legal sense. No

one has the right to interfere in such private matters. However, students’ top priority at college is to study and acquire knowledge and skills for their future careers. Dating and courtship will interfere with their studies. Therefore, some students tend to hold themselves back even if there are opportunities to start a romantic relationship.

3)Many factors may contribute to a stable love relationship. Wealth, social status, appearances, family

background, etc. may be considered as the external factors, which may help promote a love relationship.

Wisdom, knowledge, character, personalities, etc. are the internal factors. Love based on external factors alone may not last long. Love based on the internal factors will survive whatever challenges or crises it may encounter. When two persons are in love, they should respect each other and be honest and faithful to each other. In essence, trust and understanding are the key factors that contribute to a successful love relationship.

Section B Quotes

▇Study the following quotes about love. Which quote(s) do you like best? Why?

⊙The course of true love never did run smooth.

—— William Shakespeare Interpretation:

Shakespeare believes that a true relationship is not easy to establish. People have different personalities, concepts of value, preferences of life style, etc. When two persons of the opposite sex develop a love relationship, they have to try their best to understand each other and reconcile with each other.

William Shakespeare

About William Shakespeare:

William Shakespeare (1564-616): an English writer of plays and poems, who is generally regarded as the greatest of all English writers. His many famous plays include the tragedies Romeo and Juliet (《罗密欧与朱丽叶》), Hamlet (《哈姆雷特》), Julius Caesar (《裘力斯·凯撒》), Macbeth (《麦克白》), Othello (《奥

瑟罗》), and King Lear (《李尔王》); the comedies A Midsummer Night’s Dream (《仲夏夜之梦》), Twelfth Night (《第十二夜》), and As You Like It（皆大欢喜》).

⊙To fear love is to fear life, and those who fear life are already three parts dead.

—— Bertrand Russell Interpretation:

Here Russell emphasizes the importance of an active attitude towards love. We should not be afraid to fall in love just because it is not easy to find true love or just because of any possible setbacks. A life without love is as dull as a dying man because he lacks the energy and passion to enjoy life.

Bertrand Russell

About Bertrand Russell:

Bertrand Russell (1872-970): a British philosopher and mathematician who developed new ideas connecting mathematics and logic. He is also known for being a pacifist (和平主义者). He received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1950.

⊙Where does the family start? It starts with a young man falling in love with a girl — no superior alternative has yet been found.

—— Sir Winston Churchill Interpretation:

The quotation emphasizes that true love is the only basis upon which a happy family is built. Only when the man and the woman love each other dearly and devotedly can they endure trials and tribulations in their common effort to build up a happy family.

Sir Winston Churchill

About Sir Winston Churchill:

Sir Winston Churchill (1874-965): a British statesman, soldier, and author who was Prime Minister during most of World War II and again from 1951 to 1955. He is remembered and admired by most British people as a great leader who made possible Britain’s victory in the war. He is also famous for the many speeches he made during the war. In 1953 Churchill was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature for his writing and oratory (演讲术).

⊙It is not how much we do, but how much love we put in the doing. It is not how much we give, but how much love we put in the giving.

—— Mother Teresa Interpretation:

The quotation tells us the significant role that love plays in everything we do in life. Whatever we do, we should put adequate love into it so that others can feel our love and be affected by our love. What we can offer to others may be insignificant, but as long as there is love in it, the benefit will be significant. Here, love is

understood in a broad sense.

Mother Teresa

About Mother Teresa:

Mother Teresa (1910-997): an Albanian (阿尔巴尼亚) Roman Catholic nun (修女) who lived in India, where she worked to help the poor and the sick in the city of Calcutta (加尔各答). She won the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1979, and people think of her as a typical example of someone who is kind, unselfish, and morally good. Section C Watching and Discussion

▇He's Just Not That Into You is a 2009 romantic comedy film about how nine people in Baltimore deal with their romantic problems. Watch the following video clip extracted from this film and then complete the tasks that follow:

1.Pay attention to what the woman says in the video clip and fill in the missing words.

I. See, you can’t keep being nice to me and I can’t keep pretending like this is something that it’s not.

We’ve been t ogether over seven years. You know me. You know who I am. You either wanna marry me or you don’t.

II. …for every woman that has been told by some man that he doesn’t believe in marriage and then six months later, he’s married to some twenty-four-year-old that he met at the gym.

III. It’s coming from the place that I have been hiding from you for about five years. About five years because I haven’t wanted to seem demanding, and I haven’t wanted to seem clingy or psycho or

whatever. So I have never asked you.

2.What can you infer from the conversation between the man and the woman in the video clip?

▇Answers for reference:

(Open.)

Script：

BETH：Now. I want you to stop doing anything nice.

NEIL: This feels like a trick.

BETH: No. No. I just, I just need you to stop being nice to me —unless you’re gonna marry me after.

(Neil laughs.)

BETH: Is that funny? Do you think that’s funny?

NEIL: No. I guess it is not funny.

BETH:See, you can’t keep being nice to me and I can’t keep pretending like this is something that it’s not.

We’ve been together for over seven years. You know me. You know who I am. You either wanna marry me or you don’t.

NEIL: Or there is the possibility that I mean it when I say I don’t believe in marriage.

BETH: Bullshit! Bullshit! Come on! Bullshit for every woman that has been told by some man that he doesn’t believe in marriage and then six months later, he’s married to some twenty-four-year-old that he met at the gym. It’s just —it’s Bullshit.

(Beth tries to hold back her tears. Neil looks stunned and goes to her.)

NEIL: Where is this coming from?

BETH: It’s coming f rom the place that I have been hiding from you for about five years. About five years because I haven’t wanted to seem demanding, and I haven’t wanted to seem clingy or psycho or

whatever. So I have never asked you. But I — but I — I have to. I mean, are you — are you ever going to marry me?

Part II Listen and Respond

Section A Word Bank(无)

Section B Task One: Focusing on the Main Ideas

Choose the best answer to each of the following questions according to the information contained in the listening passage.

1) Where did the woman see the three old men?

A) In front of her store.

B) In her front yard.

C) In her dream.

D) In her doorway.

2) Who were the three old men respectively?

A) Success, Hope and Wealth.

B) Faith, Hope, and Love.

C) Wealth, Faith and Success.

D) Love, Success and Wealth.

3) Whom did the family invite in?

A) Wealth.

B) Love.

C) Success.

D) All of the above.

4) How many of the old men would like to go into the house?

A) One.

B) Two.

C) Three.

D) Four.

5) What is the main idea of the passage?

A) Where there is love, there is wealth and success.

B) One cannot live without wealth, love and success.

C) Love is as important as wealth and success.

D) Wealth and success are what people pursue most eagerly.

▇ Answers for Reference:

1) B 2) D 3) B 4) C 5) A

Section C Task Two: Zooming in on the Details

▇Listen to the recording again and fill in each of the blanks according to what you have heard.

1) The woman thought that the three old men must be ____________, so she invited them to come in and have

something __________.

2) The old men said that they did not go into a house ________________.

3) The husband wished to invite ________________, but the woman did not agree and wished to have

_____________ , while their daughter suggested: “____________________________________?”

4) The woman came out and asked: “Which one of you is________? Please come in and be our________.”

5) The other two old men also got up and followed, which_________ the woman.

6) One old man t old the woman: “If you had invited _________ or _________, the other two of us would

__________.”

▆ Answers:

1) The woman thought that the three old men must be hungry, so she invited them to come in and have

something to eat.

2) The old men said that they did not go into a house together.

3) The husband wished to invite Wealth, but the woman did not agree and wished to have Success, while their

daughter suggested: “Wouldn’t it be better to invite Love?”

4) The woman came out and asked: “Which one of yo u is Love? Please come in and be our guest.”

5) The other two old men also got up and followed, which surprised the woman.

6) One old man told the woman: “If you had invited Wealth or Success, the other two of us would have

stayed out.”

Script:

An Invitation

A woman saw three old men sitting in her front yard. She said, “I don’t think I know you, but you must be hungry. Please come in and have something to eat.”

“We do not go into a house together,” they replied.

“Why is that?” she wanted to know.

On e of the old men explained: “His name is Wealth, this is Success, and I am Love.” Then he added, “Now go in and discuss with your husband which one of us you want in your home.”

Then the woman went in and told her husband what was said. Her husband said, “Let’s invite Wealth. Let him come and fill our home with wealth.” His wife disagreed, “My dear, why don’t we invite Success?” Then the daughter made a suggestion: “Wouldn’t it be better to invite Love? Our home will then be filled with love.” “Let’s take our daughter’s advice,” said the father.

So the woman went out and asked, “Which one of you is Love? Please come in and be our guest.” Love got up and started walking toward the house. The other two also got up and followed him. Surprised, the lady asked W ealth and Success: “I only invited Love. Why are you coming in?”

The old men replied together: “If you had invited Wealth or Success, the other two of us would have stayed out, but since you invited Love, wherever HE goes, we go with him. Wherever there is Love, there is also Wealth and Success.”

Part III Read and Explore

Text A

Section A Discovering the Main Ideas

1. Answer the following questions with the information contained in Text A.

1) Is “love” easy to define? Why or why not?

2) How does the au thor describe “puppy loves”?

3) What does it take for love to develop into maturity?

4) What helped preserve the holiness of love in the author’s parents’ generation?

5) What negative roles do the media play in forming the younger generation’s view of lov e?

6) What do young people today tend to value in relationships? What does the author think they should value? ▆ Answers for Reference:

1) No. It is because love is a feeling that can only be felt but cannot be clearly described.

2) “Puppy loves” are brief, silly, adventurous but harmless.

3) Love takes time to blossom and it takes a lot of understanding, caring, sharing and affection to develop

into maturity.

4) It was the distance between men and women that helped preserve the holiness of love in the author’s

parents’ generation.

5) The media have exposed the younger generation to things that have fast paced their sensibilities so much

that taking things slow requires effort.

6) They tend to value physical beauty, closeness, passion and acquiring. The author thinks that they should

value inner charm, intimacy, emotion and sharing.

2.Text A can be divided into four parts with the paragraph number(s) of each part provided as follows. Write down the main idea of each part.

Paragraph(s) Main Idea

Part One 1-2 ________________________________________________

________________________________________________

________________________________________________ Part Two 3-7 ________________________________________________

________________________________________________

________________________________________________ Part Three 8-12 ________________________________________________

________________________________________________

________________________________________________ Part Four 13-14 ________________________________________________

________________________________________________

________________________________________________

▆ Answers for Reference:

Paragraph(s) Main Idea

Part One 1-2 Love is hard to define because it can only be felt but not described.

Part Two 3-7 The author discusses love of different depths from her own experiences.

Part Three 8-12 The two generations handle love and relationships differently. The younger generation tends to be more hasty and selfish in building relationships.

Part Four 13-14 The author advises young people to learn the essence of love and find ways to develop relationships into lifelong bonds.

Section B In-Depth Study

Love is an overwhelming joy that is beyond description. It is human nature to yearn for and indulge in love, but true love takes a lot of understanding, much sharing and caring, and plenty of affection. What is true love? How deep is your love? The author shares her views with the younger generation on these questions.

How Deep Is Your Love?

Mansi Bhatia

1Love to some is like a cloud

To some as strong as steel

For some a way of living

For some a way to feel

And some say love is holding on

And some say let it go

And some say love is everything

Some say they don’t know

2 At some stage or the other in our lives we experience the gnawing pangs of an emotion which defies definition. It’s a feeling that can only be felt and not described. An overwhelming joy that comes together with its share of sadness. Love.

3 Given the busy nature of our lives, it’s to be appreciated that we even find the time to ind ulge in matters of the heart.But at the same time I wonder if we even understand its true depth. I remember having countless crushes while in school. My math teacher, our neighbour’s son, my best friend’s brother and lots of others whom I fancied for the colour of their eyes, the shape of their moustaches or just the way they walked. Harmless puppy loves that are as brief as soap bubbles. I can laugh about all those silly and adventurous thoughts and acts now but at that time nothing could be more serious an affair for me. Then came the stage of real relationships.

4 Being in an all girls’ school I hardly had the opportunity to interact with members of the opposite gender. Socials between our school and the boys’ college, therefore, would be awaited anxio usly. Those three hours of unhesitant attention by a group of well-groomed young gentlemen provided us with enough content to talk and feel exhilarated about for the next four weeks.

5 And even then there was no real need of having a boyfriend.

6 I somehow grew up believing that love would happen when it had to. And sure enough it did. It came at an age when I had a career, a long-term plan and a more or less settled life (and now I am not yet 25!). I was mature enough to enter a relationship which demands a lot of give and not so much of take.

7 Love was a magnificent building I built on the foundation of friendship. It took time to blossom. It took a lot of understanding, loads of sharing and caring, and plenty of affection to become what it is today. And it meant a meeting of minds. You might say that I belong to the traditional school of romance. But in my opinion, love needs to be nurtured. And it has to be distinguished from the intense but short-lived love or the pleasures of the flesh.

8 Our p arents’ generation was fed lavishly with ideals. It was an era of constraints, restraints, respect, admiration, and plenty of romance. The long skirts, the quiet and unpretentious looks, the curled long hair, the calmness, the shy glance—these are all so frequently remindful of a bygone era. An age when the distance between the sexes somehow managed to help preserve the holiness of love and relationships.

9 The younger generation, with its openness and fading lines of proximity, has jumped on the bandwagon of love with so much haste that it is difficult for them to distinguish between physical attraction and mental compatibilities. What we have been exposed to via the media have fast paced our sensibilities so much that taking things slow requires effort on our parts.

10 I am amazed when I hear stories of school kids bragging about the number of physical relationships they have had. I am horrified to learn that girls barely eighteen have already been in and out of seven to eight “hook ups”.

11 I am sorry to learn about the kind of emotional baggage these kids are carrying in what are purely unemotional relationships. Some might blame the current state of affairs on peer pressure. But has anyone ever stopped to figure out where this peer pressure originates? Do any of us try and understand who is responsible for this shift? Does anyone bother to study the state of mind of the teenagers?

12 The mindset of this generation is all too evident in the way it handles its personal life.There are more relationships being distorted under the pressures of lust than ever before. There is more focus on physical beauty than on inner charm. There is more of closeness and less of intimacy. There is more of passion and less of emotion. There is more of acquiring and less of sharing. There is more of opportunism and less of selflessness.In short, there is more of ME and less of US.

13 We have hardened ourselves so much in this competitive age that we have forgotten the essence of relationships. There’s much more to being someone’s lover than gifting them red roses and fifty-cent cards. What about gifting our object of affection, our time, our company, our support, our friendship? What about setting priorities in our lives and focusing on each with sincerity? What about trying to be self-sufficient emotionally before letting ourselves loose? What about giving ourselves, and others, time and space to forge relationships? What about working towards meaningful and lasting friendships? What about honouring our commitments? What about channeling our energies and emotions towards building lifelong bonds rather

than wasting them on seasonal relationships?

14 We have but one life and we must experience everything that can make us stronger. True love happens once in a lifetime. And we should not have become so tired by our frivolous acts that when it comes we aren’t able to receive it with open arms.

▇课文参考译文

你的爱有多深

曼茜·巴蒂亚

1 有人认为爱如浮云

有人认为爱坚强如铁

有人认为爱是一种生活方式

有人认为爱是一种感觉

有人说爱要执着

有人说爱不要约束

有人说爱是生命的全部

有人说不知道爱为何物

2 在我们生命中的某个阶段，我们会经历某种难以名状的情感所带来的阵阵折磨。这种情感只能体

会，无法用语言描述。莫大的喜悦伴随着丝丝的伤感一同降临，这就是爱。

3在紧张忙碌的生活中，我们竟能找到时间沉湎于感情之中，这的确令人感佩。然而，此时我想知道：我们是否懂得爱到底有多么深刻。记得上学的时候，我迷恋的对象真是数不清：我的数学老师、邻居的儿子、好朋友的弟弟，还有另外一些因为眼睛的颜色、胡子的形状或走路的姿势而让我倾慕的人。年少时的爱慕，不会带来伤害，如肥皂泡一样转瞬即逝。那些稚气、大胆的想法和行为，现在想来大可一笑了之。但是，在那时，对我来说，没有比恋爱更重要的事了。接着就进入了真正“谈”情“说”爱的阶段。

4 我在女子学校学习，和男孩子交往的机会寥寥无几，因此，我热切地期待着我们学校和男子学校举办的联谊会。联谊会上，一群精心打扮的年轻男子毫无顾忌地盯着我们。这三个小时中的点点滴滴，成了我们在以后四个星期中足够的谈资，我们在议论时，心情澎湃。

5 即使是在那个时候，我也没有真正交男朋友的需要。

6 在我的成长岁月中，不知何故，我相信爱情该来的时候自然会来。事实果真如此。当我有了稳定的工作，有了长期的计划和比较安定的生活时（我现在还不到25岁呢！），爱情降临了。我也比较成熟了，能够步入不贪图许多回报而需要大量付出的感情关系。

7 我的爱情是在友谊这块地基上建起的高楼大厦。爱情经过旷日持久的培养才开花。我和我的恋人相互理解、同甘共苦、相互关心，投入了丰富的感情，才使爱情发展到今天。爱情意味着情投意合。你也许会说，我属于浪漫的传统派。但是，依我看，爱情需要培养。我们必须把爱情同强烈而短暂的激情或身体的愉悦区别开来。

8 我们的父辈，被灌输了太多的（爱情）理想。那是一个约束、压抑、崇敬、仰慕和十足浪漫的年代。长裙、娴静质朴的外表、卷曲的长发、恬静的气质、羞怯的目光——这一切常使人想起一个消逝久远的年代。从某种程度上来说，那个时代异性之间的距离帮助他们维持了恋爱的神圣性。

9 年轻的一代人，由于观念开放，随着男女之间交往界线的消退，他们便急于赶浪头，匆忙恋爱，以至于难以区分身体的互相吸引与心灵的相投。我们从媒体中接触到的人和事，使我们的感情历程大大加速，要想慢慢地体会自己的感受，确实需要付出努力。

10 每每听到学校的孩子们夸口说自己有过多少次性关系的经历，我都十分惊讶。年仅18岁的女孩们已有过七八次跟异性“勾勾搭搭”的经历，我感觉极其惊骇。

11 这些青少年在全然没有感情的关系中所背负的感情包袱，令我深感难过。也许有些人会把他们目前的感情状况归结为同龄人之间所施加的压力。但是，可曾有任何人停下来想一想同龄人之间的

压力来自何处？我们是否尝试着弄清楚是谁造成了这样的转变？可曾有人费神去研究青少年的心理呢？

12 从这一代人处理个人生活的方式上，我们很容易看出他们的思想倾向。跟从前相比，现在有更多的情感在欲望的压力下扭曲。他们更注重外表的美丽而忽视内在的魅力。两性交往随便了，亲密无间却少了；激情多了，感情却少了；个人获得的多了，相互间分享的少了；寻机获利的现象多了，无私的奉献少了。简而言之，“自我”多了，爱的分享少了。

13 在这个竞争激烈的年代，我们已经变得麻木不仁，将恋爱的实质抛于脑后。作为恋爱中的人，不只是意味着把红色的玫瑰花和五毛钱一张的卡片送给恋人，我们要做的事情还很多。我们将自己的时间、陪伴、支持和友谊作为礼物送给自己的恋人了吗？我们是否确定了生活中最重要的事情，而后真诚地做好每一件事？我们是否先在情感上成熟起来，再尽情地追求爱情？我们是否给自己、给他人足够的时间和空间以巩固恋情的发展？我们是否为了追求有意义的、永恒的友谊而不遗余力？我们是否履行了自己的承诺？我们是否将自己的精力和感情倾注于终生不渝的关系而不是浪费在朝秦暮楚的关系中？

14 人的生命只有一次，我们必须去体验能使我们更为坚强的每件事。真正的爱情一生只有一次。我们本不该任由轻佻的行为令自己身心疲惫，而当真正的爱情到来时，我们却没有能力伸开双臂迎接它的降临。

Good Usage (Paras. 1-2)

is holding on

let it go

at some stage or the other

defies definition

a feeling that can only be felt and not described

an overwhelming joy

Good Usage (Para. 3)

given the busy nature of our lives

indulge in

having countless crushes

the way they walked

harmless puppy loves

as brief as soap bubbles

nothing could be more serious an affair for me

Good Usage (Paras. 4-5)

interact with

the opposite gender

well-groomed young gentlemen

provided us with enough content

feel excited about

there was no real need of…

Good Usage (Paras. 6-7)

happen when it had to

It came at an age when…

a more or less settled life

demands a lot of give and not so much of take

loads of sharing and caring

a meeting of minds

the traditional school of romance

be distinguished from

the intense but short-lived love

Good Usage (Para. 8)

our parents’ generation

was fed lavishly with ideals

shy glance

are …remindful of

a bygone era

Good Usage (Paras. 9-10)

has jumped on the bandwagon of love

physical attraction and mental compatibilities

have been exposed to

have fast paced

taking things slow requires effort on our parts

brag about

Good Usage (Paras.11-12)

all too evident

emotional baggage

blame…on

the current affairs

peer pressure

figure out

is responsible for this shift

the state of mind of

handle its personal life

under the pressures of lust

There is more focus on … than on …

physical beauty

inner charm

Good Usage (Para.13)

this competitive age

our object of affection

set priorities

with sincerity

be self-sufficient emotionally

letting ourselves loose

working towards meaningful and lasting friendships honouring our commitments

channeling our energies and emotions towards

lifelong bonds

seasonal relationships

Good Usage (Para.14)

True love happens once in a lifetime.

frivolous acts

receive … with open arms

Key Words and Expressions for Text A

hold on continue in spite of difficulties 继续（坚持）下去

e.g. 1. It’s a difficult task, but if we hold on we’ll succeed in the end.

2. We should hold on to our business during the recession.

在经济衰退时期我们要把业务坚持下去。

defy vt. make impossible or unsuccessful; refuse to obey 使不可能，使落空；违抗

e.g. 1. The forest fire spread so fast that it defied any attempt to control it.

2. These criminals who had defied the law were eventually punished.

这些无视法律的罪犯终于得到了惩罚。

Collocations:

defy the authority 反抗权威

defy the government 蔑视政府

defy severe cold 不畏严寒

CF: oppose, defy & resist

这些动词均含有“反抗”、“抵抗”之意。

oppose 普通用词，可表不同程度的抵抗。例：

* This new plan has been stubbornly opposed since it was put forward.

defy 指公开地、勇敢地反对或抵抗，有时含公然挑衅之意。例：

* He defied the court order by leaving the country.

resist 指积极地反抗一种攻击、暴力或诱惑。例：

* Our troopers are resisting the enemy’s attacks.

The little boy couldn’t resist the temptation and ate up all the cake.

given prep. if one takes into account 如果考虑到，倘若

e.g. 1. Given (the fact) that they’re inexperienced, they’ve done a good job.

2. Given the company’s poor achievement in the fi rst half of the year, we decided that the investment

be left aside.

考虑到公司上半年业绩不佳，我们决定暂缓这次投资。

interact vi.[(with)] (of people) act together or co-operatively, esp. so as to communicate with each other;act or have an effect on each other [常与with连用] （指人）一起活动或互相合作（尤指为互相联系）；互相作用；互相影响

e.g. 1. Language teachers should know how to interact with their students in class.

2. Teachers should interact with students frequently to ensure a good class atmosphere.

师生之间应频繁互动，才能有好的课堂氛围。

give and take willi ngness of each person to give way to (some of ) the other’s wishes; willingness to compromise 互相让步（迁就）；妥协

e.g. 1. There has to be a lot of give and take in any successful marriage.

2. If the dispute is to be resolved there must be some give and take.

若要争执得以解决，双方就要互相让步。

build … on/upon base on 建立在……之上

e.g. 1. Don’t build your hopes on his promises; he never keeps his word.

2. A good marriage should be built on mutual understanding.

好的婚姻应该建立在相互理解的基础上。

affection n. fondness; gentle lasting love, like that of a parent for a child 感情；挚爱，钟爱，（父母对子女的）慈爱

e.g. 1. The old man has a deep and strong affection for the town where he grew up.

2. The old man felt great affection for his granddaughter.

老人很疼爱他的孙女。

CF: affection, love & attachment

这些名词均含“爱”、“热爱”之意。

affection 指对人的爱慕或深厚、温柔的感情，强调感情的深沉。例：

* Father looked at his little daughter in the white wedding dress with great affection and a little sadness. love比affection的语气更强。表示一种难以控制的激情。例：

* The young pair are in love with each other.

attachment 通常用于书面文字中，既可指对某人某物的喜欢，又可指出自理智对某人或某物的热爱，尤指长时间的爱。例：

* I never realize my attachment to the comforts of home until I have to leave it.

ideal n. [often pl.] (a belief in) high principles or perfect standards [常用复数]理想

e.g. 1. She’s spent her whole life in pursui t of her ideal of becoming a well-known writer.

2. He finds it hard to live up to his ideals.

他认为很难按自己的理想办事。

era n. period in history marked by an important event or development （以重大事件或重要发展为标志的）历史时期，时代

e.g. 1. The Tang Dynasty was an era of prosperity in the history of China.

2. Some say the computer has ushered in a new era.

有人说电脑开辟了一个新时代。

restraint n. [C (on)] sth. that restrains; restriction; [U] often apprec the quality of being restrained or restraining oneself [常与on连用]限制（物）；〖常褒〗克制，抑制，遏制

e.g. 1. Lack of space is the main restraint on the firm’s business expansion.

2. As they grow older, kids begin to rebel against the restraints imposed by their parents.

随着孩子们渐渐长大，他们开始反抗父母的管束。

curl vt. twist into or form a curl or curls 使弯曲

e.g. 1. She kicked off her shoes and curled her feet under her.

2. He yawned and curled his body and fell alseep.

他打了个呵欠，蜷拢起身子，睡着了。

preserve vt. [(from)] prevent (sb. or sth.) from being harmed or destroyed [常与from连用]保护；保存（使免受破坏）

e.g. 1. There is much we can do to preserve the environment from being polluted.

2. What can we do to preserve the natural resources from ruin?

我们怎么做才能保护自然资源不遭破坏?

haste n. [U] too much speed, often with bad or unwanted results; quick movement or action, esp. when one has very little time to do sth.; speed 过速，急忙；性急；匆忙，仓促

e.g. 1. In his haste to leave, he almost forgot to say goodbye to his host.

2. More haste, less speed.

欲速则不达。

via prep. by means of; using 通过，借助于

e.g. 1. I frequently send messages to my friends via my mobile phone.

2. The Olympics were telecast live via satellite.

奥运比赛通过人造卫星做实况转播。

horrify vt. shock greatly; fill with horror使震惊；使感到恐怖

e.g. 1. I’ve seen this kind of disasters so many times that this latest one just doesn’t horrify me any more.

2. The pictures of the car crash horrified us.

这些车祸的照片把我们吓坏了。

state of affairs circumstances or conditions; situation 情况；局势

e.g. 1. They’ve lost everything in the floods—it’s a sad state of affairs.

2. The present state of affairs cannot be allowed to go on.

目前的情况不得再继续下去了。

acquire vt. gain (sth.) by one’s own ability, efforts or behaviour （靠自己的能力、努力或行为而）获得，得到（某事物）

e.g. 1. She has acquired a good knowledge of English by self-study.

2. Some people go back for their education to acquire another degree or diploma to impress the society.

有些人回到学校去接受教育，是想再取得一个学位或一张文凭，以增强自己在社会上的地

位。

CF: acquire, obtain, gain & get

这些动词均含“获得”、“取得”、“得到”之意。

acquire 强调通过不断的、持续的努力而获得某物，也指日积月累地渐渐地获得。书面语用词。例：* It takes years to acquire a good knowledge of English.

obtain 较正式用词，着重指通过付出巨大努力而得到所需或盼望已久的东西。例：

* He always manages to obtain what he wants.

gain 强调指经过努力或有意识行动而取得某种成就，获得某种利益或好处。例：

* Recently he gained a small fortune in real estate.

get 普通用词，使用广泛，可指以任何方式得到某物，也不一定要经过努力。例：

* I got nothing but trouble for my efforts.

in short put it into as few words as possible; all I mean is 简单地说；总而言之

e.g. 1. The baby cried and cried day and night and often fell sick; in short, the new-born gave them no peace.

2. In short, the book was an exciting story about a detective.

简单地说，那本书是关于一位侦探的刺激故事。

sincerity n. [U] the quality of being sincere; honesty and lack of deceit 诚挚，真诚，诚意

e.g. 1. I may say in all sincerity that your help is very valuable.

2. We were impressed by his sincerity and hospitality.

他的诚恳和好客给我们留下了很深的印象。

let sb. loose (on sth.) allow sb. to deal with sth. in their own way 让……任意（放手）行动

e.g. 1. He’s too young to behave properly; you shouldn’t let him loose.

2. Father let his son loose on the family business after his retirement.

父亲退休后就放手把家里的生意交给了儿子。

forge vt. form by heating and hammering; fig create (usu. a lasting relationship) by means of much hard work; make a copy of (sth.) in order to deceive 锻造；〖比喻〗（靠艰苦工作）建立（通常为长期关系）；伪造；假冒

e.g. 1. True unity and friendship can only be forged through trials and tribulations.

2. Their long-term reciprocal relationship is forged by the both sides.

他们长期的互惠合作是双方共同促成的。

Difficult Sentences for Text A

1. Given the busy nature of our lives, it’s to be appreciated that we even find the time to indulge in matters of

the heart. (Para. 3)

Q: Paraphrase this sentence.

A: Taking into account that we are all busy satisfying our material needs, we should feel grateful that we still have the time to enjoy the feeling of loving and being loved.

2. Those three hours of unhesitant attention by a group of well-groomed young gentlemen provided with enough content to talk and feel excited about for the next four weeks. (Para. 4)

Q: What usually would happen at the social? What usually would happen to the girls after the social?

A: At the social those neatly dressed boys would never hesitate to pay attention to the girls or to attract the girls’ attention. After the social, the girls always felt excited and would keep on talking about the social experience for weeks.

3. There is more of closeness and less of intimacy. (Para. 12)

Q: What does this sentence imply?

A: People in love can contact each other more easily, but they aren’t as spiritually close to each other as before.

4. In short, there is more of ME and less of US. (Para. 12)

Q: What does this sentence mean?

A: Today young people handle love in a more self-centered way, only concerned with their own feelings and even interests in an affair, forgetting that love also needs sharing and giving.

Extended Questions

▇ Extended questions (Paras. 1-2)

Q: Do you agree that love can only be felt and not described? Why?

A: Love is generally acknowledged as something emotional rather than rational. For something emotional, it is virtually impossible to express in language alone.

▇ Extended questions (Para. 3)

Q: Why does the author mention her countless crushes while in school?

A: She intends to tell the reader that it is natural to develop such puppy loves even at an early age but that those crushes are not love in the real sense of the word.

▇ Extended questions (Paras. 4-5)

Q: Do you think it’s a good idea to have all-girls’ school s and all-boys’ schools?

A: In my view, it would be better to have both boys and girls in the same school. In fact, we are naturally drawn to the opposite sex and the two genders actually complement each other in character building and personality development. Putting boys and girls in different schools might cause some psychological or physiological problems in their respective growth.

▇ Extended questions (Paras. 6-7)

Q1: What are the two metaphors the author uses to explain love?

A1: ● “L ove was a magnificent building built on the foundation of friendship.”

● Love was a flower. “It took time to blossom.”

Q2: Do you agree that love demands “a lot of give and not so much of take”?

A2: Yes. I think love means more than showing sincere affection for a person. It involves a lot of responsibility for a life shared by the two. Love means unselfishness, a willingness to sacrifice one’s own wishes and interests for those o f others. It means mutual adaptation and mutual adjustment. It certainly involves “a lot

of give rather than too much of take.”

▇ Extended questions (Para. 8)

Q: What is the author’s tone of the remark “these are all so frequently remindful of a bygone era”?

A: She sounds disappointed with young people’s behavior today. It seems to her that it is a pity that the traditional way of handling love and relationships is now gone forever.

▇ Extended questions (Paras. 9-10)

Q: Some young people claim that they need to try many times before they find the true love. That may be partly the reason why they tend to have a number of relationsh ips and “hook ups”. How do you think of such belief?

A: Answers may vary. Some may think it’s a good way to experience a lot of relationships before they settle down with one true love. However, others may argue that seeking true love is a holy matter and should be treated seriously. Numerous relationships will only result in fatigue and confusion, which is of no help in seeking true love.

▇ Extended questions (Paras. 11-12)

Q: What rhetorical device is used in Para. 12? What effect is achieved?

A: Parallelism is used, with the same sentence structure and the repeated contrast between “more…” and “less …”. Emphasis is achieved, making the re ader deeply impressed by what the author says.

▇ Extended questions (Para. 13)

Q: What is the difference between the parallelism used in Para. 12 and that in Para.13?

A: Parallelism in Para. 12 appears in statements while here in Para. 13 it is in the form of rhetorical questions, which ask for no answers. The rhetorical effect, however, is the same.

Section C Voicing Your Views

Some college students are dating on campus. Have they found true love? Are some of them driven by peer pressure without even knowing it? What is their mindset? Work in groups of threes or fours and give your comments, and then discuss how people could develop their relationships into lifelong bonds. You may refer to the hints on the next two pages.

Their Mindset

1) fall in love at first sight

2) have a meeting of minds

3) be driven by physical attraction

4) be driven by mental compatibilities

5) show off

6) jump on the bandwagon of dating

7) seek comfort and rid themselves of loneliness

8) regard dating as a sign of having grown up

9) develop a sense of belonging by dating

10) acquire a sense of security by dating

Tentative Suggestions

1) start a serious relationship if you are really ready

2) never forget that true love means a meeting of minds

3) focus more on inner charm than on physical beauty

4) learn to share

5) spend more time with her or him

6) honor your commitments

7) channel your energies and emotions towards building lifelong bonds

8) receive true love with open arms

Text B

Section A Key Words and Expressions

Key Words:

moist a. engaged a.pursue vt.fascinate vt.

grace n.delicacy n.bathe v.haircut n.

towel vt.manipulate vt.maximum n.minimum n.

complaint n.marketing n.agonizing a.overjoyed a.

clip vt.file vt.dresser n.grief n.

icy a.presence n.yield vi.undo vt.

resemble vt.graceful a.

moist a. usu. apprec slightly wet〖一般褒〗潮湿的，微湿的

e.g. 1. This plant grows in a moderately moist environment.

2. I like the air just as moist and warm as that in a tropical area.

engaged a. having agreed to marry已订婚的

e.g. 1. John got engaged to her when travelling last winter.

2. They announced to the assembled guests that they were engaged to be married.

pursue vt. try to achieve sth.; continue steadily with; carry on 努力实现，追求；继续从事，进行

e.g. 1. She is pursuing her studies at the same university as her brother did five years ago.

2. She pushed herself to pursue a musical career.

fascinate vt. attract and hold the interest or attention of 强烈地吸引，把……迷住

e.g. 1. The idea of traveling around the world has always fascinated her.

2. The audience was fascinated by their superb performance.

grace n. [U] a fine and attractive quality in movement or form （动作、体态的）优美；优雅自然

e.g. 1. She declined the invitation with grace.

2. She was a beautiful girl with the grace and poise of a natural model.

delicacy n. [U] the quality of being delicate细致；精致

e.g. 1. Repairing damaged nerves is an operation with great delicacy.

2. The delicacy of roses makes them unfit for an extreme climate.

bathe vi. AmE have a bath〖美〗洗澡

e.g. 1. It is unwise to bathe immediately after a meal.

2. It was hot, and we decided to bathe in the cool, inviting stream.

haircut n. an occasion of having the hair cut 理发

e.g. 1. The barber gave him a shave and a haircut.

2. If I have time tomorrow, I think I’ll get a haircut.

towel vt. rub or dry with a towel用毛巾擦（擦干）

e.g. 1. Do towel the children down very thoroughly, or they might catch cold.

2. I toweled my son down very thoroughly, because he was wet to the skin.

manipulate vt. work with skillful use of the hands; control or influence sb. / sth.（熟练地用手）操作；控制，影响

e.g. 1. Though he is just seven, he can manipulate the computer rather skillfully.

2. A clever politician knows how to manipulate his supporters.

maximum n. (pl. maximums or maxima) the largest number, amount, etc. 最大值；最大量

e.g. 1. The classroom holds a maximum of 50 people, not one more.

2. The speed limit is 40 miles an hour. Don’t exceed this maximum.

minimum n. (pl. minimums or minima) the smallest number, amount, etc. 最小量；最低限度

e.g. 1. Repairing your car will cost a minimum of $200.

2. Passengers may only take aboard the aircraft a minimum of hand luggage.

complaint n.[C (about, against)] a statement of dissatisfaction, unhappiness, pain, etc. [常与about或against连用]诉苦的话；怨言；牢骚

e.g. 1. Even though his workload is heavy, he never makes any complaints.

We’ve received a lot of complaints of bad workmanship.

marketing n. [U] the branch of business concerned with advertising, publicity (宣传), etc. 市场学；销售业务

e.g. 1. The ranges of his business include the production and marketing of automobiles.

2. Mr. Smith takes care of marketing and publicity.

agonizing a. causing great pain or anxiety 引起痛苦（焦虑）的

e.g. 1. Tim was hurt in the traffic accident suffering from agonizing pain.

2. All the people are yearning for an early end to this agonizing situation.

overjoyed a. extremely pleased; full of joy 极为高兴的，非常开心的

e.g. 1. She was overjoyed to get a letter from her son who is now working in Africa.

2. They will be overjoyed to find you safe and sound.

clip vt. cut with scissors or another sharp instrument, esp. in order to make shorter or neater （用剪刀等）修剪

e.g. 1. I like to clip pictures out of newspapers and keep them in a big box.

2. The dog’s fur was clipped short for the show.

file vt. rub or cut with a file 锉

e.g. 1. He tried to file the nail sharp.

2. He filed the wood smooth.

dresser n. AmE a chest of drawers (衣柜), used esp. for clothing, often with a mirror on top 〖美〗带镜衣柜

e.g. 1. He folded the clothes and carefully put them in the dresser.

2. Lydia stood looking at herself in the mirror of the yellow bedroom’s dresser.

grief n. [U] great sorrow or feelings of suffering 悲痛，忧伤

e.g. 1. She went nearly mad with grief after the child died.

2. A flash of grief came upon her when she heard the news.

icy a. extremely cold; covered with ice 冰冷的；结满冰的，冰封的

e.g. 1. He urged me to drive carefully on the icy roads.

2. It is difficult to keep one’s balance on an icy pavement.

presence n. the fact of being in a particular place 存在；出席，到场

e.g. 1. He never seems at ease in my presence. Why is he so afraid of me?

2. Jane had done a lot of preparatory work before the presence of the president.

yield vi. [(to)] fml or lit give up control (of); surrender [常与to连用]〖正式或文〗放弃；投降，屈服

e.g. 1. We love peace, yet we are not the kind of people who yield to any military threat.

2. Since you won’t yield to persuasion, we’ll try what force can do.

undo vt. unfasten (sth. tied or wrapped) 解开，松开，打开

e.g. 1. He bent down and undid his shoelaces.

2. Winston undid the bit of string that held the parcel together.

resemble vt. [not in progressive forms; no pass.]look like or be similar to sb. or sth. [不用进行式；无被动态]像；类似

e.g. 1. She resembles her father in facial features, but she’s not at all like him in character.

2. The boys resemble each other in that they both have ginger hair and round faces.

graceful a. attractively and usu. effortlessly fine and smooth; full of grace 优美的；文雅的

e.g. 1. So graceful was the ballet dancer that she just seemed to glide.

2. Despite her great age, she was very graceful indeed.

Expressions:

fit into in the course of

reach for sth. in vain

fit into find or have sufficient space or room for sth. in a place找到或尚有足够的地方容纳某物

e.g. 1. Our bedroom is so small tha t we can’t fit into another chair.

2. She folded the letter so that it would fit into her bag.

in the course of during 在……期间；在……过程中

e.g. 1. They hope to see those famous ancient buildings in the course of their brief stay in London.

2. My heart beat thick in the course of the interview.

reach for sth. stretch out (one’s hand) in order to touch, grasp or take sth. 伸出（手）以触到、抓到或拿到某物

e.g. 1. She reached into her bag for a coin and gave it to the beggar.

2. The lawbreaker was overpowered before he could reach for his knife.

in vain uselessly; without a successful result 白费地，徒劳无益地

e.g. 1. All my work was in vain; I had to do it again.

2. Her father tried to persuade her to go back home with him, but in vain.

Section B Difficult Sentences

1. It was a point of pride that he gave our newborn daughter her first bath. (Para. 5)

1) Translate this sentence into Chinese.

Key:

女儿的第一个澡就是他给洗的，这让他倍感骄傲。

2) Make a sentence with the underlined structure.

Key:

It was a point of pride that we first presented this story to the world.

2. Within an hour, when the nurse checked him with her stethoscope, there was nothing left for me to do but close his bright green eyes and lay my hands on his for the last time, in the quiet peaceful corner of our bedroom. (Para.10)

1) Translate this sentence into Chinese.

Key:

一个小时的时间里，护士用听诊器做了检查，剩下我唯一能做的事就是合上他那双明亮的绿色眼睛，在我们卧室恬静的一隅里最后一次把我的手放在他的手上。

2) Make a sentence with the underlined structure.

Key:

When my boss lost his temper, there was nothing left for me to do but stand there listening in silence.

3. For seven-and-a-half months, my grief for my husband had been frozen within me like an icy presence that would not yield. (Para.12)

1) Translate this sentence into Chinese.

Key:

七个半月里，对丈夫逝去的悲伤如同冰凌雪块封存在心中，不曾融化。

2) Paraphrase the sentence.

Key:

In the seven and a half months after my husband’s death, I had managed to bury the grief for him deep down in my heart as if it had turned into ice that would not melt.

4. It was as though his father’s long, graceful hands clasped mine once again. Still reassuring me. (Para. 13)

1) Translate this sentence into Chinese.

Key:

仿佛他父亲那双长长的、雅致的手再次握住了我的手，令我依然感到安心平静。

2) Paraphrase the sentence.

Key:

Even though he had died, my husband’s way of expressing love through his long and elegant handclasp had been passed down to our son, which was a lasting comfort to me.

Section C Comprehension Questions

▇ Comprehension questions (Para. 1)

Q1: What feelings did the husband’s hands bring to the author?

A1: A feeling of being reassured. That is, the author felt safe and free from worries with her husband holding her hands.

Q2: What can y ou infer about the husband from the phrase “the final days of his life”?

A2: Her husband must have died.

▇ Comprehension questions (Para. 2)

Q1: What does “that time” (L.1 Para. 2) refer to?

A1: “The final days of his life”.

Q2: What was the husband’s j ob?

A2: He was a college professor.

Q3: Why does the author describe her husband’s hands in such great detail?

A3: Through the detailed description, the author wants to tell us what kind of person her husband was. By recalling these details, she also shows her deep affection for her husband.

▇ Comprehension questions (Para. 3)

Q1: What do you know about the husband’s handwriting?

A1: It must be somewhat difficult for the average person to read.

Q2: Why wasn’t the handwriting difficult for his wife to read?

A2: Because she had grown used to it by reading letters from her husband the year when he was away at Bradley University pursuing a master’s degree.

▇ Comprehension questions (Para. 4)

Q1: What kind of person do you think the narrator’s husband was?

A1: He was a gentle, caring and graceful man.

Q2: What could the narrator feel whenever her husband clasped her hands?

A2: She could feel pure and honest expressions of his love.

▇ Comprehension questions (Paras. 5-7)

Q1: How did the husband help taking care of the family?

A1: He attended to all the details of childcare. He bathed them, gave haircuts and dried the daughters’ hair, etc.

And he helped with the preparations for family travelling.

Q2: Do you think the husband was a good father?

A2: Yes, he must be a loving father, helping taking care of the children with deep affection.

▇ Comprehension questions (Paras. 8-9)

Q1: What do you know about the husband’s illness?

A1: It was probably cancer, because he had to have chemotherapy.

Q2: Why would the husband reach for his wife’s hands when he felt pain?

A2: He wanted to get comfort from his wife. Meanwhile, he wished to give her the “reassuring” feeling that he used to give her by clasping her hands.

Q3: What does “the deepest, darkest moment” refer to?

A3: It most probably refers to the final days of the husband’s life.

Q4: Did the husband fear death?

A4: Everyone does. He was no exception. That’s why he asked his wife such questions as “how it is to die”

and “if it hurts.”

Q5: What did the wife do for him?

A5: To relieve his anxiety, she tried to assure him that he was going to heaven.

▇ Comprehension questions (Para. 10)

Q1: Why did the wife clip, file and whiten her husband’s fingernails early one morning?

A1: She was in a state of nervous anxiety and she knew her husband was dying.

Q2: Can you tell how the wife felt at the moment?

A2: She must have felt helpless.

▇ Comprehension questions (Paras. 11-12)

Q1: Do you think the wife cried a lot during those seven-and-a-half months after her husband died?

A1: No, she must have been closing herself up and the grief over her hu sband’s death was buried inside.

Weeping could no longer relieve her grief over the loss of her dear husband.

Q2: How did the wife react at the sight of the emery boards?