新视野大学英语第二册第二版第二单元单词详解

V. Detailed Study of the Text

1. concern

n. 1) the feeling of worry 担心，担忧

concern + for/ about/ over/ with

concern + that…

There is now considerable concern for their safety. 现在对他们的安全相当担心。

There is growing concern that they may have been killed. 现在越来越担心他们已遭杀害。

2) something that makes sb. worry担心的事，忧虑的事

What are your main concerns as a writer? 你身为作家，对什么最感兴趣？

How much money I earn is none of your concern. 我挣多少钱与你无关。vt. 1) make sb. worried or upset 使担心、使忧虑

Our losses are beginning to concern me. 我们的损失使我担起心来。

The food crisis is starting to concern African governments. 粮食危机已开始困扰非洲政府。

2) have to do with or be relevant to 涉及，与……有关系

The news concerns your brother. 这消息与你兄弟有关。

He is assembling evidence concerning a murder. 他在收集一宗谋杀案的证据。

I can’t s ay the news concerns me a great deal. 我说不上这消息与我有多大关

系。

[扩展] be concerned with牵涉到，与……有关，参与

The letter is chiefly concerned with export commodities. 这封信主要是关

于出口商品的。

He concerns himself with trivia. 他忙于琐事。

Optics is the branch of science concerned with vision, sight and light. 光学

是有关视觉、视力和光的一门学科。

be concerned about关心

People are concerned about the cutbacks in federal welfare programs. 人们

关注着联邦福利计划的削减。

as far as... be concerned关于；至于；就……而言

As far as I’m concerned, video game always seems better for killing time.

就我来说，电视游戏似乎总是更能消磨时间。

To whom it may concern (用作正式信件的开头)敬启者

2. click

vi.make a slight sharp sound ( as of a key turning in a lock)发出轻微尖声（像钥匙在锁中转动的声音）

The door clicked shut. 门咔嗒一声关上了。

click one’s tongue/fingers 使舌头/手指发出咔嗒声

n.short, sharp sound（like that of a key turning in a lock）短而尖的声音（像钥匙开锁的声音）

the click of a switch 开关的咔嗒声

He saluted with a click of his heels. 他立正敬礼，鞋后跟发出咔嗒一声。

3. blast

vi.make a loud harsh noise发出响亮刺耳的噪音

The speaker is blasting at full volume. 演讲者正扯着喉咙说话

vt.destroy or break apart (esp. rocks) using explosives 用炸药炸开（尤指石头）

Danger! Blasting in progress! 危险！正在爆破！

The village was blasted by enemy bombs. 村子被敌人炸弹炸毁。

The explosion blasted the door open/down/in. 这爆炸把屋门炸开/炸倒/炸进屋内。

n. an explosion 爆炸

Several passers-by were killed by (the) blast. 数名路人被炸死了。

a bom

b blast炸弹的爆炸

[扩展] a blast of 一阵（风），一股（气流）

When the window was opened, a blast of cold air rushed into the room. 窗

子一打开，一股冷气冲进屋里来。

blast off：to take off, as a rocket.发射：发射，如火箭的发射

China’s third manned spacecraft Shenzhou VII blasted off at 9:10 p.m. on

Sept. 25th to fulfill its most ambitious and risky mission: spacewalk. 中国第

三个载人航天器神舟七号于9月25日晚9点10分成功发射，等待它的

是充满雄心壮志也最具危险性的任务：太空行走。

4. forth

ad. out; forward出来，向外

from that day forth 从那天起

The fields give forth an odor of spring. 田野散发出春天的气息。

[扩展] and ( so on and ) so forth等等

They discussed investments, the state of the economy and so forth. 他们讨

论了投资和经济状况等问题。

back and forth = from one place to another and back again repeatedly 来回

地

ferries sailing back and forth between Dover and Calais往返于多佛尔港和

加来港之间的渡船

Someone was pacing back and forth behind the curtain.有人在幕布后踱来

踱去。

5. burst (burst-burst-burst)

vi.break violently open or apart, esp. because of pressure from inside; explode爆炸，胀破；爆破

If you blow that balloon up any more it will burst. 那气球如果再吹就要破了。

Water-pipes often burst in cold weather. 水管在寒冷的天气里经常冻裂。

His bubble has burst. 他的幻想破灭了。

[扩展]burst open (cause sth. to) open suddenly or violently（使某物）突然或猛然打开

The police burst the door open.警察把门撞开。

burst in enter ( a room, etc.) suddenly 突然进入（房间等）

The police burst in (through the door) and arrested the gang. 警察突然闯进（房门）逮捕了那帮人。

burst into, out of, through, etc. sth. move suddenly and forcibly in the

specified direction突然而猛力地向某一方向移动

An angry crowd burst through the lines of police and into the street. 愤怒的

人群突破了警方的封锁线走到街上。

The oil burst out of the ground. 石油从地下喷发而出。

Then the tears burst out of my eyes, and I could say no more for a good while.

于是我的眼泪夺眶而出，半天说不出话来。

She burst into the room with her usual ebullience, and immediately started

talking to everyone. 她像往常一样兴高采烈地冲进了房间，立刻跟大家攀

谈起来。

She burst into giggles. 她突然咯咯地傻笑起来。

Suddenly she burst into tears, and hurried out of the room. 一下子，她的眼

泪扑簌地落下来，匆匆跑出了房间。

6. horrible

a. 1) causing horror可怕的，令人恐惧的

a horrible nightmare 叫人心惊胆颤的噩梦

They committed many horrible crimes against the people. 他们对人民犯下许多骇人听闻的罪行。

2) very unpleasant 令人极不愉快的

horrible weather, food糟糕的天气、难吃的食物

It tastes horrible. 这味道很不好。

7. stuff

n.unnamed things, belongings, activities, subject-matter, etc.东西、财物、活动、题材等

Get rid of that stuff in the garage. 把车库里那些没有用的东西处理掉。

The storeroom held the trunks and other household stuff. 储藏室里放着衣箱及其它家用物品。

Real life is the stuff of all good novels. 现实生活是所有优秀小说的题材。

I found it a disappointing thriller very milk-and-water stuff. 我认为这部惊险小

说令人失望――简直味同嚼蜡。

vt.push sth. into a space填，塞

stuff sth. with sth. stuff sth. into sth.

Don’t stuff him with silly ideas.别教他馊主意。

His head is stuffed with silly notions. 他满脑子的愚蠢想法。

He stuffed me into a floppy chair. 他把我按在一张柔软的椅子里坐下。

She stuffed the apples into her pockets. 她把苹果塞进口袋里。

8. rhythm

n. a regular repeated pattern of sounds or movements节奏

Stress and rhythm are important in speaking English. 讲英语时重音及节奏都很重要。

A good sense of rhythm is a natural endowment. 良好的韵律感是一种天赋。

9. grab (grab-grabbed-grabbed)

vt.grasp sth. suddenly or roughly; snatch sth. selfishly or rudely 抢，夺I’ll grab him as he comes out.他一出来我就要抓住他。

He grabbed the coin and ran off. 他抓起硬币就跑了。

The thief grabbed the shoulder bag from the woman and ran off. 贼抓了那个妇女的挂包便跑。

Driving on icy road is what grabs me.在覆盖着冰的路上驾车对我很有吸引力。

That offer of a job is to be grabbed at without hesitation. 那一份工作要毫不犹豫地去抓住。

grab public funds强占公共基金；grab power攫取政权

10. thorough

a. including every possible detail全面的，彻底的

Maybe I shall get a thorough medical checkup. 或许我得做次彻底体检。

He has promised a thorough investigation into the affair. 他已答应彻查此事。

That woman is a thorough drag. 那个女人讨厌透顶。

[扩展] thoroughly ad. carefully and completely 完全地，彻底地

We thoroughly enjoyed your party. 我们在你的晚会上玩得很尽兴。

After a hard day’s work I feel thoroughly exhausted. 辛苦工作一天后，我觉得累极了。

11. toast

n.1) sliced bread made brown and crisp by heating under a grill, in a toaster, etc.

烤面包片

He doesn’t like burnt toast.他不爱吃烤焦的面包片。

She spread jam on the toast. 她把果酱涂在面包上。

2) an act of drinking, esp. in order to thank sb., wish sb. luck, etc. 祝酒、干杯

He proposed a toast to both the bride and bridegroom. 他提议为新娘和新郎干杯。

Let’s drink a toast to our friend! 让我们为我们的朋友干杯!

vt. wish happiness, success, etc. to (sb./ sth.) by drinking wine, etc. 为（某人/某物）幸福、成功等祝酒

Toast the success of a new company. 为新公司获得成功而干杯。

Everyone sits down after they warmly toast glasses. 大家热烈碰杯后坐下。

12. disgusting

a.very unpleasant令人厌恶的，令人反感的

The clumsy performance was disgusting. 这种拙劣的表演让人看了就作呕。

The disgusting guy was driven away. 这个令人讨厌的家伙被大家赶走了。[扩展] disgust v. cause disgust in (sb.) 使（某人）反感、厌恶、嫌恶He is disgusting waiting for bus. 他讨厌等公共汽车。

The use of torture must disgust any civilized person.施用酷刑必为文明社

会的人所不齿。

disgusted at/by/with sth. / sb.

We were disgusted at the size of the bill. 我们看到账单上的数额，极为气

愤。

disgustedly with disgust 反感地，厌恶地

look disgustedly at sb. 厌恶地看着某人

13. bug (bug-bugged-bugged)

vt. (infml.) bother, annoy, trouble, irritate打扰，使烦恼，激怒

It really bugs me when he picks his nose. 当他挖鼻子时实在令我烦扰。

That man really bugs me. 那个人真的把我惹火了。

14. pierce

vt. make a hole in or through (sth.), esp. with a sharp-pointed instrument穿孔、打眼

A nail pierced the tire of his car. 一根钉子刺穿了他车子的轮胎。

The beam of the searchlight pierced the darkness. 探照灯的光柱射入黑暗中。

Her suffering pierced their hearts. 她遭受的苦难使他们心如刀绞。

15. bolt

vi.run away quickly奔、窜

He bolted out of the room in a rage. 他怒气冲冲地从房内奔出。

When the police arrived the burglars bolted. 警察来到时，窃贼立即逃跑了。[扩展] bolt out v. 脱口而出

Especially in daily life, you will win special esteem if you can bolt out

strings of prevalent and up-to-date remarks. 特别是在日常生活中，如果能

脱口而出一串时髦、流行的口语，一定能使别人对你刮目相看。

16. upset (upset-upset-upset) (upsetting)

vt. make sb. worried, anxious, or ill使心烦；使苦恼；使不适

There’s no point in upsetting yourself.用不着让自己这么不安的。

Losing the necklace borrowed from her friend upset her completely. 她把从朋友那儿借来的项链弄丢了,这使她心烦意乱。

Cheese often upsets her stomach. 她吃乳酪后常感到肠胃不适。

a.feeling ill, worried, or anxious不适的；心烦的；苦恼的

Don’t let the incident get you upset. 别为这事烦恼。

We could discern from his appearance that he was upset. 我们从他的样子可以察觉出他不快。

[扩展] stomach upset n.肠胃不适，消化不良

17. knot

n.1) an uncomfortable feeling, esp. in the stomach, caused by fear, anger, etc. 紧张（感）；心窝揪紧

My stomach was in knots from nervousness. 我的胃由于紧张而揪紧了。

2) fastening made by tying a piece or pieces of string, rope, etc.（绳索等的）结

Pull the thread to tighten the knot. Cut away excess thread. 把线抽紧，剪掉剩余的线。

Can you ravel out this piece of string? It’s all in knots.你能解开这根绳子吗？上面满是结。

It is up to the doer to undo the knot. 解铃还须系铃人。

Diana and Tom tied the knot yesterday. 戴安娜与汤姆昨天结婚了。

18. awful

a.exceptionally bad or displeasing; dreadful; terrible糟糕的，可怕的

Her last novel was truly awful. 她最近的这部小说真糟糕。

“God, I never had such an awful day as today!” “上帝呵，今天可真要命！”19. tune

n. a succession of notes forming a distinctive sequence 曲调，旋律He was playing an old tune on his guitar. 他在用吉它弹着一首老曲子。

You’re not singing in tune. 你唱走调了。

The piano is out of tune. 这架钢琴走调了。

I feel far more in tune with what is going on when I am in the bush than when I

am in London. 我总感到，我在丛林中远比我在伦敦时与周围发生着的事情更为协调融洽。

[扩展] feel out of tune with one’s surroundings, companies 感到与环境、同伴格格不入

tuneless：a. without tune; not having a pleasant tune不成调的；不悦耳的

That’s not music― it’s a tuneless noise! 那不是音乐――它只是刺耳的噪

音！

20. offensive

a.upsetting or annoying; insulting 侮辱的，令人不快的

offensive gesture冒犯性的手势

The display of certain parts of the body generally thought innocuous can be offensive to certain groups. 显露身体某些通常被认为是不会冒犯人的部位却会冒犯一些人。

I found that man extremely offensive. 我发现那个人非常令人讨厌。

The room has an offensive odor. 房间里有一股刺鼻的气味。

21. appeal （appeal-appealed-appealed）

vi. 1) be attractive or interesting (to sb.)

The smell appeals to my appetite. 香味引起我的食欲。

Advertisements try to appeal to the masses. 广告谋求吸引大众。

2) request earnestly (something from somebody); ask for aid or protection恳请；

呼吁

I am appealing assistance on behalf of the famine victims. 我代表饥民恳请援

助。

The police appealed to the crowd not to panic. 警方向群众呼吁不要惊慌。[扩展] appeal (to sb.) 吸引某人

appeal for aid 请求援助

appeal for mercy [sympathy] 请求宽恕[同情]

appealing = interesting

22. rid

a. no longer annoyed by s

b. or sth. unpleasant or unwanted摆脱……的

I didn’t enjoy marking those papers and I was glad to be rid of them. 我不喜欢

批阅那些试卷，很高兴摆脱了他们。

I used weed killer to get rid of the weeds in the garden. 我用除草剂除去了花园

的杂草。

vt.relieve from 使摆脱，使去掉(rid-rid-rid)

We must rid ourselves of the illusions and be more practical. 我们必须去掉幻想，更加务实。

What will rid a house of rats? 用什么方法可以驱除屋内的老鼠？

The dentist rid me of the pain by taking out the tooth. 牙科医生把我这颗牙拔掉,消除了疼痛。

23. negative

a. 1) bad or harmful 不好的，负面的，消极的

Don’t be negative.不要消极。

Nevertheless, economic development has brought with it some negative effects, and if we want it to proceed in a sound way, we have to eliminate them. 但是在发展中也带来一些消极因素。只有消除消极因素，才能更好地实现发展。

Being jittery about the interview can result in cold, clammy hands, which create a negative impression. 情绪紧张地来参加面试会使你伸出的手冰冷潮湿，会给雇主留下负面印象。

2) expressing or consisting of a negation or refusal or denial否定的

His leaving underlined his negative attitude toward the evening party. 他的离席说明他不喜欢这个晚会。

“Non-” is a negative prefix.“Non-”是一个否定的字首。

24. influence

n.an effect on sb. or sth. 影响；作用

He’s very much under the influence of the older boys.那些比他大的男孩对他影响很大。

His picture suggests strong influence of Romanticism. 他的画受到浪漫主义的很大影响。

vt.have an effect on sb./ sth. 影响

The weather seems to influence his moods. 天气似乎影响着他的心情。

Newspapers influence the current of thought. 报纸影响思潮。

[扩展] have / exercise / exert influence on sb./ sth. 对……施加影响

expand the influence of扩大……的影响

25. patience

n.good-natured tolerance of delay or incompetence 耐心；忍耐（性）You’re stretching my patience to the limit.你逼得我再也无法忍受了。

I was out of patience with his carelessness. 我对他的粗枝大叶简直无法容

忍。It took great patience for Annie to teach me to speak. 安妮以极大的耐心教我说话。

[扩展] with patience耐心地,有忍耐力的

exhaust sb.’s patience 使某人忍无可忍

26. anchor

n. 1) a central cohesive source of support and stability依靠，靠山

Her pledge to remain faithful to him was his anchor when he was in prison.

她对他忠贞不渝的保证是他服刑期间的精神支柱。

His assistance was her only anchor. 他的援助是她的依靠。

2) a mechanical device that prevents a vessel from moving锚

They brought the boat into the harbor and dropped (the) anchor. 他们把船

开进海港下锚停泊。

It is too late to cast anchor when the ship is on the rock. 船触礁后再抛锚,

为时太晚。

27. identity

n. who or what a person or thing is身份；本体

The criminal had a fake identity card. 那个犯罪分子有一张伪造的身份证。

The identity of the murdered man has not yet been established. 那名被害人的身份尚未确定。

It’s a serious situation if one loses his identity.失去个性可是件大事。

Firstly, they are inseparable from our ethnic identity. 首先因为这些节日是跟自己的民族身份分不开的。

28. along with：together with一起，一道

Along with imagination, it takes nerve. 除了想象力，还得有勇气。

The old man lumped along with a heavy heart. 老人怀着沉重的心情蹒跚走去。Thunder comes along with lightning. 雷声随同闪电而来。

[扩展] I don’t go along with her views on nuclear disarmament.我不同意她在核裁军问题上的看法。

He’s a bit quick-tempered, but not difficult to get along with. 他只是脾气

暴躁些,并不难处。

29. turn off：cause to stop operating by disengaging a switch 关闭

She took the pie out of the oven and turned the gas off. 她将馅饼从烤箱中拿出来并关掉了煤气。

I turn off the alarm clock. 我关掉闹钟。

[同义短语] switch off

[反义短语] switch on, turn on

30. burst into:

1) enter a place suddenly 闯入

The children burst into the room for toys. 孩子们冲进房间拿玩具。

A strange man burst into the house. 一个陌生人闯进了房子。

2) start suddenly 突然开始

Mary burst into song. 玛丽突然唱起歌来。

She burst into tears. 她突然哭了起来。

She burst into laughing at the wrong time. 她不合时宜地突然笑了起来。31. over and over：again and again, repeatedly，over and over again, time and again,

time and time again 反复地、再三地

He waved goodbye to us over and over. 他向我们频频挥手告别。

I relive that fateful day over and over in my mind. 我在思想上不断地重温着那

决定不幸命运的日子。

32. reach for：stretch one’s arms or hands in order to touch or hold sth. 伸手去摸，

伸手去取

The shopkeeper reached for a packet of tea. 店主伸手拿了一包茶叶。

I reach for some snack. 我伸手抓点心吃。

33. turn up

1) appear or become visible; make a showing, show up出现，现身

I really expected him to turn up on time. 我真心期待他能准时出现。

I hope the book I lost will turn up. 我希望丢掉的那本书能再出现。

2) increase the amount of heat, sound, etc. by moving a switch调大，开大

Don’t forget to turn up the gas after an hour or so. 别忘了过一小时左右把煤气开大一点。

Turn that record-player up ― I cannot hear it. 把电唱机的声音调高点――我听不到。

34. turn down

1) decrease the amount of heat, sound, etc. by moving a switch调小，开关

Turn down the radio. That music is driving me nuts. 把收音机关小点声。那音乐快叫我发疯了

2) refuse to accept拒绝(同义词refuse, decline, reject )

Her application was turned down. 她的申请被驳回了。

The only man who is really free is the one who can turn down an invitation to dinner without giving any excuse. 唯一真正自由的人是那些能够拒绝宴请而不用找借口的人。

It’s unwise of them to turn down the proposal. 他们拒绝采纳这个建议是不明智的。

35. as well as：in addition to 除……之外；和

She is a talented musician as well as a photographer. 她不但是摄影师还是个天才的音乐家。

As well as a coasting trade, she had a considerable land trade with Central Africa.

除了沿海贸易以外，她还同中非有巨额的陆上贸易。

It is unbearable to meet as well as to depart. 相见时难别亦难。

He continues to possess the presence, mental as well as physical, of the young man. 他在精神上和身体上继续保持着年轻人的气质。

36. turn on：cause water, gas, etc. to flow or equipment to operate打开开关

Every time you turn on the television, you see a meeting being held. 电视一打开，尽是会议。

Oh! I forget to turn on the rice cooker. 啊!我忘记开电饭锅的开关了。

[同义短语] switch on

[反义短语] switch off, turn off

37. as usual: in the usual manner像往常一样，照例

John is as dirtily drunk as usual. 约翰和平常一样烂醉如泥。

Peter will doubtless come on time as usual. 彼得无疑会像往常一样准时来的。

38. in peace and quiet: calmly平静地

They live in peace and quiet. 他们过着平静、安定的生活。

Please let me get on with my work in peace and quiet. 让我平静地做完我手上的事吧。

[扩展]Don’t confuse this phrase with “at peace”, which means “free from war or quarrel” or “in a state of quietness”.

These two countries have been friendly and remained at peace for hundreds

of years. 这两国一向友好相处，几百年没有发生过战争。

All is at peace in the dead of the night. 深夜万籁俱寂。

39. wake up

1) cause to become awake or conscious唤醒，使醒来

He switched it on so that he may wake up his roommate. 他开灯是为了叫醒他的同室同学。

This failure will wake him up a little. 这次失败会使他略有醒悟。

2) stop sleeping醒来

Wake up! It’s eight o’clock.醒醒吧!已经八点钟了。

Do you wake up feeling tired? 你早晨醒来时感到疲倦吗?

40. make one’s blood boil: make sb. very angry 使……火冒三丈，怒发冲冠

It made Mary’s blood boil to see children make fun of the crippled girl. 玛丽看见孩子们在戏弄那个跛女孩，非常生气。

His cruelty to his children makes my blood boil. 他残酷地对待孩子，使我非常愤怒。

41. get rid of

1) free onself from sth. unwanted or unpleasant摆脱；除去

In some places it took only one or two years to get rid of poverty. 有的地方只需要一到两年就摆脱了贫困。

The only way to get rid of a temptation is to yield to it. 摆脱诱惑的唯一办法，是向它屈服。

2) throw away or destroy sth. that one does not want 丢弃；扔掉

Have you managed to get rid of your old Volvo yet? 你已经处理掉你的旧沃尔沃轿车了吗？

There are too many flies in the dinning-room; they should think of a way to get rid of them. 餐厅里的苍蝇太多，他们应该想个法子清除它们。

He just sat there talking all evening and I couldn’t get rid of him. 他坐在那儿谈了整整一晚上，我无法把他请走。

42. knots in one’s stomach：an unpleasant tight feeling紧张，不安

Paula’s stomach was always in knots when she took an exam. 宝拉每次一考试胃就难受。

43. in any case：no matter what happens 无论如何；不管怎样

They’ve decided to go in any case. 不管怎样他们还是决定要去。

He didn’t say anything about it at the meeting and in any case it’s too late now.

这事他在会上从没说过。不管怎样，现在说什么都太晚了。

[扩展] in case: in order to be prepared for something that may happen如果发生，以

防万一

I think I’ll take an umbrella in case it rains. 我想带把伞，以防下雨。

Take my number in case you need to phone me. 带上我的电话号码，以防你需要给我打电话。

in case of: if or when something happens如果发生

In case of rain, take a taxi. 要是下雨，就坐出租车。

In case of fire, break this glass. 一旦有火灾，就打破玻璃。

in that case: if that happens如果是那样的话

“I’m busy on Wednesday.”“Oh, in that case we’ll have to meet another day.”

“周三我比较忙。”“那么我们改天见吧。”

They may not offer me much money. In that case, I won’t take the job. 他们给我的工资可能不会太多。如果是那样的话，我就不会接受这份工作。Language Points

1. The radio clicked on. Rock music blasted forth. (Para. 1)

Meaning: As soon as the radio turned on with a short, sharp sound, rock music began playing loudly. 随着一声短促，刺耳的收音机开机声，摇滚乐狂响起来。

2. Maybe eating breakfast will help me get rid of some of the knots in my stomach.

Meaning: Perhaps having breakfast will help me feel better. 也许吃点早餐我会感觉好些。

3. ... though it does have rhythm. (Para.2)

Meaning: …. Though it really has rhythm. 尽管那的确有些韵律。

4. It isn’t healthy to eat standing up. (Para.7)

Meaning: It isn’t good for your health if you have your breakfast while standing up. 站着吃饭对身体不好。

5. I’ll brush my teeth when I’m done. (Para.12)

Meaning：I’ll brush my teeth when I have finished my breakfast. 我吃过早饭再刷牙。

6. Sandy Finch, you’re too young to wear that much makeup. (Para.19)

Meaning：Sandy Finch, you’re not old enough to wear so much makeup. 辛迪，你还不到用那么多化妆品的年龄。

7. After Sandy had left for school, Jane Finch sat down in peace and quiet to drink

her coffee. (Para.21)

Meaning: After Sandy had left for school, Jane Finch sat down calmly to drink her coffee. 辛迪离家去上学了，简静静地坐那儿，喝着咖啡。

8. I don’t think I’m old-fashioned, but hearing those tuneless, offensive lyrics

repeatedly makes my blood boil. (Para.23)

Meaning: I don’t think I a m unwilling to accept new ideas, but hearing those unpleasant songs over and over makes me angry. 我觉得我不是不愿意接受新思想，可老听这些讨厌的音乐实在是让我不舒服。

9. She knew she had to have patience and keep the lines of communication with her

daughter open. (Para.29)

Meaning: She knew she had to be patient and keep communication with her daughter effective. 她明白，她必须耐下心来，和女儿保持有效地沟通。

10. She wanted to be there as an anchor for her, but at the same time she would give

her freedom to find her own identity. (Para.29)

Meaning: She wanted to be a person who can make her feel safe and supported

but at the same time let her find out who she is by herself. 她想成为这样的人，让女儿感觉安全，有助，同时又让她能够寻找自我。

IV. New words and phrases study:

1. concept

n. a thought, idea, or principle 概念；观念

This concept is at the very core of her theory.这个概念是她的理论的核心。

I can not understand the so abstract concept. 我无法理解如此抽象的观念。

It is difficult to grasp the concept of infinite space. 掌握无限空间的概念是很难的。

2. consistency

n. the quality of always being the same 一致性，连贯性

His action lacks consistency. 他的行为缺乏一致性。

Consumer groups are demanding greater consistency in the labeling of food products. 消费群体要求在食品的标签上体现更大的一致性。

3. response

n. 1) a reply回答

She made no response to my letter. 她没有回我的信。

2) an action done as a reaction to sth. 反应，回应

Millions of people gave freely in response to the famine appeal.千百万人

响应救灾呼吁而慷慨解囊。

His cool response suggested that he didn’t like the idea. 他反应冷淡表明他

并不喜欢这个主意。

4. refute

vt. prove to be false or incorrect 反驳，驳斥

As for the Flat Earth theory, I believe I could refute it. 至于地平学说，我相信我能驳斥它。

I was able to refute his argument. 我能驳倒他的论点。

5. tend

vi.be likely to do sth. 倾向于；趋于

He’s a good salesman, but his offhand manner does tend to put people off. 他是个很好的推销员，可是他那随便的态度容易使人产生反感。

Weeds tend to displace other plants. 杂草越来越多，有取代其他植物之势。vt.take care of; look after 照料，照顾

He carefully tends his garden all summer. 整个夏天他细心照料他的花园。

6. evaluate

vt.judge the value, quality, or degree of sth. 评价；评估

Doctors evaluate the patient’s condition.医生们对病人的情况做评估。

The school has only been open for six months, so it’s too early to evaluate its success. 这所学校开办还不过六个月，所以要对它的成绩作出评价为时尚早。

7. evaluation

n. a judgment about the value, quality, or degree of sth. 评价；评估We need to carry out a proper evaluation of the new system. 我们需要对新的

体系实施适当的评估。

They took some samples of products for evaluation 他们采了些标本做评估。

8. guidance

n. help and advice指导，引导

Under his guidance, we finished the work smoothly.在他的指导下，我们顺利地完成了工作。

Children need moral guidance. 孩子们需要道德上的引导。

I was looking forward to working under her expert guidance. 我期待能在她

的专业指导下工作。

9. career

n. an occupation or profession, esp. one requiring special training, followed as one’s lifework职业；一生的事业

She experienced a loss of identity after giving up her career to get married. 她放弃职业结婚以后有一种失落感。

She left college to pursue an acting career. 她离开大学去追寻演艺生涯。

[同义辨析] job, work, occupation, profession, career

job n.是可数名词，表示所从事的业务、职业或行业方面的工作，不表示对谁承担义务，也不含强加的意思。It is easier to find a job if you can drive.你若会开车就比较容易找工作。I heard you changed jobs.我听说你换了好多工作。work n. 是不可数名词，泛指一般的“工作”，“劳动”。He has done a good day’s work.他干了整整一天的活。This machine can do the work of ten men.这台机器能做10个人的工作。

occupation n.工作，职业；消遣，业余活动Parachuting is a dangerous occupation.

跳伞是一项危险的业余活动。

profession n.（受到高等教育和专门训练的）职业，专业；同行，某职业界the medical profession 医学界

career n.an occupation or profession, esp. one requiring special training, followed as one’s lifework职业；一生的事业

10. trend

n. a change toward sth. new or different 趋势，倾向

The trend of prices is still upwards. 物价仍有上涨趋势。

The youth like to follow the latest trends in fashion. 年轻人喜好追求最新的流行款式。

The prices of houses are trending upwards. 房价趋于上涨。

11. apply

vt. use sth. such as a method, idea, etc使用，应用

In this way they can better apply theory to practice. 这样他们就能更好地把理论运用到实践中去。

This rule cannot be applied to every case. 这项规则不是所有情况都适用。vi.request sth., esp. in writing 申请

to apply for a job/loan 申请工作、贷款

She applied for admission to law school.她申请上法律学校。

12. individual

n.one single person or thing单个的；个别的

The welfare of the individual is bound up with the welfare of the community.

个人的福利与社会的福利有密切的关系。

a. single or particular个人；个体

She has her own individual way of walking. 她有自己独特的走路姿势。

These styles can be adapted to suit individual tastes. 这些式样均可改动以适应个人不同的爱好

A teacher can’t give individual attention to e ach pupil if his class is large. 如

果班上的人数多，老师就不能给予个别辅导了。

13. teen

n. a teenager 少年，十几岁的孩子

She’s in her teens. 她正处于青少年时期。

When I was in my teens, I liked playing football. 少年时我喜欢踢足球。14. relate

vi.to be able to understand a situation or the way sb. feels or thinks 理解；适应；

和睦相处

Children need to learn to relate to other children. 孩子们应该学会与其他孩子友好相处。

v. show or make a connection between two different things把……联系起来It is difficult to relate cause and effect in this case. 这个案件中的动机与结果很难联系起来。

These two events were related to each other. 这两个事件相互有联系。

15. entitle

vt. 1) to give (someone) the right to do or have something

He’s entitled to his opinion even if you don’t agree with him.即使你不赞

同，他有权发表自己的观点。

Being over 65 entitles you to a discount at the movies. 六十五岁以上的人

可享受打折的电影票。

2) to give (a title) to (a book, movie, etc.) 给书、电影提名；定名

She read a poem entitled The Apple Tree. 她读了一首题为《苹果树》的诗。

He entitled the book Savage Love. 他给这本书取名为《野性的爱》。

The new book is entitled Love Story. 这本新书名叫《爱情故事》。

16. attitude

n. the opinions and feelings that you usually have about something态度；心态He has a mellow attitude to life. 他对生活有种成熟的看法。

We must maintain a firm attitude. 我们必须采取坚定的态度。

[扩展] attitude to/towards 对……的态度

Pete’s attitude towards women really scares me.皮特对女性的态度把我吓

坏了。

positive/negative attitude 积极/消极的态度

people with a positive attitude to life对生活持积极态度的人

the country’s attitude of mind (=way of thinking) during the crisis危机时国

民的心态

17. contagious

a.1) if a feeling, attitude, or action is contagious, other people are quickly affected

by it and begin to have it or do it: 有感染力的

He has contagious laughter. 他有着容易感染人的笑声。

her contagious enthusiasm 她那有感染力的热情

2) disease that is contagious can be passed from person to person by touch传染的

Scarlet fever is highly contagious. 猩红热传染性很强。

18. confidence

n.1) the belief that you have the ability to do things well or deal with situations successfully信心，把握

She has great confidence in her success. 她充分自信自己能成功。

2) the feeling that you can trust someone or something to be good, work well, or

produce good results信任，信赖

The servant enjoyed his master’s confidence. 这仆人深得主人的信赖。19. self-confidence

n. certain that you can manage any situation by yourself 自信

I’ve developed a lot of self-confidence. 我大大的增强了自信心。

[扩展] self-conscious忸怩的，不自然的，怕难为情的；self-control自制力self-defence自卫；self-esteem自尊心；self-help自助，自立

self-image自我形象；self-interest私利，利己心

20. sound

vi. seem听起来；好像

He sounded rather discouraged when I called him yesterday. 昨天打电话时，他听起来非常丧气。

You sound as if you have a sore throat. 听起来你好像嗓子疼。

21. interrogation

n. the process of asking sb. questions for information, sometimes using threats 审问，盘问

Police brought in the suspect for a lengthy interrogation. 警察把嫌疑犯带进来进行审问。

Two men have died under interrogation. 已有两人在审讯中死去。

22. adopt

vt. 1) decide to use sth. 采用，采取

We should adopt the consumers’ suggestion. 我们应该接受用户的建议。

2) take sb. else’s child into one’s family and legally become its parent收养，

领养

As they had no children of their own, they adopted an orphan. 他们没有亲

生儿女，就收养了一个孤儿。

23. curiosity

n. a state in which you want to learn more about something好奇心；求知欲Just to satisfy my curiosity, how much did you pay for your car? 我只是出于好奇，请问你买这辆车花了多少钱？

Her curiosity was piqued. 她产生了好奇心。

Curiosity is part of the children’s nature. 好奇是儿童的天性。

I had to explain the reasons to satisfy his curiosity. 我只好解释原因来满足他

的好奇心。

24. view

n.1) a way of looking at something; an opinion 观点，意见

It’s our view that it’s time we did something and stopped just talking!我们

的态度就是不要再说，而是该做些事情。

He takes a pessimistic view of our chances of success. 他对我们可否成功

抱乐观态度。

The meeting was an opportunity for the two leaders to exchange views. 这

次会议是让两位领导交换意见的机会。

His view of life is different from yours. 他的人生观与你的不同。

2) ability to see from a particular place 视线

She turned a corner and disappeared from view. 她转过街角从视线中消失

了。

The valley was hidden from view in the mist. 溪谷隐没在雾霭之中，看不

见了。

25. oppose

vt. to disagree with (something), often by speaking or fighting against it反对They opposed the government’s new policies. 他们反对政府的新政策。

It was courageous of him to oppose his chief. 他敢反对他的上司，真是勇敢。

26. rebellion

n. violent action organized by a group of people who refuse to accept their government’s power and are willing to use force to oppose it反抗；反对；对权威的蔑视

The government has just put down a rebellion. 这个国家刚刚镇压了一场叛乱。

The rise in prices was a signal for rebellion. 物价上涨引起了叛乱.

27. chore

n. a job or piece of work that needs to be done regularly 家庭杂物；日常零星工作

By the time he’d finished all the household chores it was mid-afternoon.当他把家里的杂活都干完时已经是下午了。

All this was done to relieve women of household chores. 这一切都是为了把妇女从家务劳动中解放出来。

She finds shopping a chore. 她认为买东西是烦人的事。

28. conflict

n. an active disagreement, as between opposing opinions or needs冲突，争论Conflicts between parents and children become more frequent when the children become teenagers. 孩子十几岁时和父母的争论变得越来越频繁了。

Science sometimes comes into conflict with religion. 有时候科学和宗教会发生冲突。

vt. of ideas, beliefs that cannot exist together or both be true冲突；抵触We received reports that conflict with each other.我们收到了相互矛盾的报道。

29. credibility

n. the quality of deserving belief and trust可信性；可靠性

A story that strained our credibility 一个超出我们信任程度的故事

They had to face the steady erosion of the president’s credibility. 他们不得不面对总统的威信日渐丧失的局面。

The silly ending robs the plot of any credibility. 这愚蠢的结尾使得整个情节变得一点都不可信。

[同义词] credibleness, believability

30. ruin

vt.destroy or spoil completely毁坏，毁掉

He ruined his prospects by carelessness. 他因疏忽大意而断送了前途。

His rashness led ultimately to his ruin. 他的急躁鲁莽最终导致了他的毁灭。

The rain ruined my painting. 这场雨把我的画给毁了。

The castle now lies in ruins. 那城堡现在已成了一片废墟了。

[同义辨析]destroy, damage, spoil, ruin

destroy https://www.360docs.net/doc/158321904.html,pletely ruined or does not exist any more 破坏，毁灭，摧毁He destroyed my confidence.他摧毁了我的自信心。The building was completely destroyed.这座建筑物完全给摧毁了。

damage v. injure or harm 损伤，损坏Tony damaged his knee during training.托尼训练时弄伤了膝盖。the attempt to damage his reputation损害他名誉的企图spoil v.破坏，糟蹋，毁坏：It’s important not to let mistakes spoi l your life. 重要的是不要让错误毁掉你的一生。宠坏，溺爱：A spoilt child is rarely popular with other children.宠坏了的孩子难得和其他孩子合群。

ruin v. severely damage, harm or spoil. 毁坏，破坏，损坏My wife was ruining her health through worry.我妻子忧心忡忡，健康每况愈下。

31. carton

n. a box made of cardboard or plastic 硬纸盒，塑料盒

The kid drank up a whole big carton of juice after playing in the hot sun. 孩子们在烈日下玩耍后，把整整一大盒的果汁喝个精光。

He gave the foreman a carton of cigarette as a sop. 他给工头一条香烟以表心意。

He snipped off the corner of the milk carton. 他剪掉牛奶袋的边角。

32. admit

vt. accept or agree that sth. is true or sb. is right接受；承认

I must admit, it’s more difficult than I thought it would be. 我必须承认，这比

我想象的要困难得多。

He admitted his guilt. 他认罪。

33. acceptance

n. the act of accepting or being accepted接受，认可

His acceptance of bribes led to his arrest. 他接受贿赂，终被逮捕。

The proposal was met with general acceptance. 这建议得到普遍的赞同。

Within two days I received a letter of acceptance from the manager. 不到两天，我就收到了经理写来的录取信。

34. self-acceptance

n. the act of accepting oneself自我接受

35. tolerance

n. the ability to accept or allow sth. that one does not like or agree with包容，宽容

lacking tolerance, breadth of view, or sympathy; petty 才智有限的缺乏忍耐力、认识深度或同情心的；气量小的

In ordinary living there can be some tolerance of unpunctuality. 在平常的生活中，对不准时的行为可以给予一些宽容。

[同义辨析] tolerate, bear, stand

bear vt.忍受，忍耐，指把各种痛苦，困难，或不幸等勉强承受下来，表示自己的主观意志，有时也表示肉体，精神上承受得住某种压力。常和情态动词can, could连用，多用于否定句和疑问句中，常用介词with和without 等。She can’t bear to be laughed at. 她不能容忍别人的讥笑。Some people can’t bear travelling by sea. 有些人受不了海路旅游。

stand v.时常有”经受得住”的意思，与by搭配可表示“支持，帮助”与up to 搭配表示“经得起，顶得住”。A good friend is one who will stand by you when you are in trouble. 一个好朋友应该是在你有困难的时候总是支持你、帮助你。The noise built up and we could n’t stand it any longer.嘈杂声越来越大，我们不能再忍受了。

tolerate v. 宽容，容忍，忍受We will not tolerate such behavior. 我们不会容忍这种行为。Women tolerate pain better than men.女人比男人更能忍受痛苦。

36. perfection

n. the state of being perfect or without fault完美

She takes off the Prime Minister to perfection. 她模仿首相的样子惟妙惟肖。

I’m still only a learner, so don’t expect perfection! 我还在学习, 别指望我十全十美!

She sings to perfection. 她唱得好极了。

[同义词] flawlessness

[扩展] imperfection n. the state of not being perfect不完美

37. approach

v. move close 接近，靠近

Silently we approached the enemy’s camp. 我们静悄悄地逼近敌人的营地。vt.begin to consider or deal with处理

He used to approach life with calm and caution. 他以前总是沉着而冷静的对待问题。

n. 1) a method of doing sth. or dealing with a problem接近，靠近

There are several ways of approaching the problem. 处理这个问题有好几个

方法。

2) the act of moving closer接近，靠近

The lion’s approach drove away the small animals. 狮子一走近，小动物们都跑开了。

Heavy footsteps signaled the teacher’s approach. 沉重的脚步声显示教师已经走近了。

38. hurtful

a. painful to the feelings伤感情的，刻薄的

Fire is as hurtful as healthful. 火有两面性，有利也有弊。

a hurtful remark刻薄的话语

39. argument

n. 1) a disagreement, esp. one that is noisy争论，争吵

We accepted the agreement without argument. 我们毫无异议地接受了这一协议。

2) a reason given to support or oppose sth.

There are strong arguments against these measures. 有一些有力的论据反对这些措施。

40. humor

n. the quality of causing fun幽默；诙谐

I like your sense of humor. 我喜欢你的幽默感。

Unlike his brother, he has a good sense of humor. 和他兄弟不同，他有种幽默感。

He has his own brand of humor. 他有他独特的幽默感。

He has a whimsical sense of humor. 他有着离奇的幽默感。

She smiled him into a good humor. 她对他微笑使他心情好转。

She had a lively sense of humor. 她幽默感很强。

Jack was late and he was in a bad humor. 杰克迟到了，心情不好。

She had no sense of humor. 她毫无幽默感。

[扩展]sense of humor 幽默感

have a good/no sense of humor有/无幽默感

a good/bad humor心情好/不好

41. possibility

n. sth. that might happen or be true可能性，可能发生的事

She saw the possibilities of the scheme from the beginning. 她从一开始就预见到这计划可能成功。

I see great possibilities in the scheme. 我看这计划很可能成功。

42. awaken

vt. wake up or make sb. wake up醒来，唤醒

I was awakened by the sound of church bells. 我被教堂的钟声吵醒。

We awakened to find the others had gone. 我们醒来发觉其他人已经走了。

Her story awakened our interest. 她说的事引起了我们的兴趣。

43. neglect.

vt. give little or no attention to忽视，忽略

No country can afford to neglect education. 任何国家都不容忽视教育。

You’ve been neglecting your work. 你对工作不够重视。

Don’t neglect to lock the door when you leave. 你走时别忘了锁门。

[同义词] ignore, disregard

n.failure to look after sth. or sb. properly忽略，疏忽

The house has fallen into a state of neglect. 这所房屋已处于荒废的状态。44. as a result: because of sth. that has happened结果是

As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden. 因此我们不得不给菜地浇水。

He was late as a result of the snow. 由于大雪，他迟到了。

45. in turn:

1) as a result of sth.因此

The gas price rose and, in turn, the cab fares were raised. 油价上涨，继而出租车费用上升。

Her mother taught her, and she in turn taught her daughter. 她母亲教她，继而她又教她女儿。

2) one after the other, esp. in a particular order依次，轮流

She asked the same question of everyone in turn. 她依次向每一个人问同样的问题。

The students clean the classroom everyday in turn. 学生们每天轮流打扫教室。

46. tap into: understand sth. such as people’s ideas, beliefs or attitudes了解

It is difficult to tap into Jane’s psyche. 想了解简的心里是很困难的。

47. get ahead: make progress or be successful取得进步，成功

By doing extra homework, he soon got ahead of his class-mates. 他靠多做家庭作业，很快在班上名列前茅。

He always tries to get ahead of others in everything. 他总是试图处处领先他人。

48. look to: depend on sb. to do sth.依赖；指望

People look to the day when world peace will be reality. 人们期待着世界和平实现的那一天。

49. feel like：feel as if感觉好像；似乎

I feel like having some dumplings. 我很想吃饺子。

No man feels like laughing when he bumps his funny bone. 没有人在撞伤了笑筋时想要笑。

50. the way: (used to introduce a clause)in the way that以……方式，方法

She showed her cunning in the way she avoided answering the question. 她对问题避而不答，显示出她很狡猾。

51. sound like: seem听起来，似乎

It sounds like a nice room. Can we take a look at it? 听起来不错，能不能看一看房？

The song sounds like a variation of a very old and familiar tune. 这首歌像是一个熟悉的旧曲调的变奏曲。

52. rather than: instead of而不是

Rather than risk breaking up his marriage he told his wife everything. 他惟恐婚

姻破裂，把一切都告诉了妻子。

She is charming rather than beautiful. 与其说她美倒不如说她迷人。

53. point of view: a particular way of seeing or judging a situation, person, event, etc.

观点，意见

I have some sympathy with that point of view. 我比较赞成这种看法。

If one has an open mind, it is easy to appreciate another’s point of view. 如果一个人思想开放, 就不难接受他人的观点。

54. as opposed to: used to compare two things and show they are different from

each other与……对照，而不是

I am here on business as opposed to a holiday. 我在这里是办公事而不是度假。

men as opposed to women 男人而不是女人

55. get across: cause to become understood or accepted理解，接受

Wally got his message across very well. 沃利把他的意思讲得清清楚楚。

Officers felt their point of view was not getting across to ministers. 官员们感到部长们并未理解他们的观点。

56. be concerned about: give one’s attention to or worry about sb. or sth. 担心

Please don’t be concerned about me. 请不要为我担心。

It is reassuring to be enquired after when you’re ill.It shows your friends haven’t stopped being concerned about you. 如果能询问一下你是何时生病的我们也就放心了。因为你的朋友一直在关心你。

57. check in:

1) call a person to say where one is and what one is doing打电话报平安

Guys, wait up for a moment while I check in with my mom. 嗨，等一下，让我打个电话，给妈妈说一声。

2) report one’s arrival, as at a hotel desk, airport, etc.登记入住；办登机手续

Passengers should check in one hour before their flight time at the latest. 乘客最迟应在班机起飞前一小时办理登机手续。

58. put sth. away: put sth. where one usually keeps it把某物收好或放好

Please put your toys away before you go to bed. 睡觉前把玩具收好。

It’s going to rain; we’d better put away our things and go indoors. 要下雨了，我们最好把东西收好，然后到屋里去。

59. lose one’s cool: lose one’s calmness and self-control失去冷静

If you lose your cool, you get angry easily. 如果你不冷静，就会很容易生气。

She was on the verge of losing her cool. 她就要失去冷静了。

[扩展] 反义短语：keep one’s cool 保持冷静

She kept her cool and managed to get herself out of the difficult situation.

她保持冷静，成功摆脱了困境。

60. awaken sb. to sth.: make sb. aware of sth. 使某人意识到某事

The letter awakened me to the seriousness of the situation. 这封信使我意识到局势严重。

We must awaken the people to the dangers facing our country. 我们必须让人民意识到我们国家面临的危险。