ethic+题目

?List and explain 2 of the benefit that business ethic provide which can improve business

performance. (P17)

1. Ethics contributes to employee commitment雇员承诺

1. Employee commitment comes from employees who believe their future is tied to that of the organization and their willingness to make personal sacrifices ( 牺牲，献身) for the organization.

2. The more a company is dedicated to (把…用于，献身) taking care of its employees, the more likely it’s that the employee will take care of the organization.

2. Ethics contributes to investor loyalty投资者忠实foucuse reputation (名誉，名声)

1. Employees’perception that their firm has an ethical culture leads to performance-enhancing outcomes within the organization.

Reputation is one of an organization’s greatest intangible ass ets with tangible value. The value of reputation is difficult to quantify, but it is very important. A single negative incident can influence perceptions of a corporation’s image and reputation instantly and for years afterwards

3. Ethics contributes to customer satisfaction顾客满意

4. Ethics contributes to profits 利润

biggest difference with secondary stakeholders)

Example---employee, investors, customers, governments, communities, shareholders…

?Give the example of the concept of the conflict of interest, and give 2 examples of the

conflict of interest in business and explain potential problem (P67)

Conflict of interest exists when an individual must choose whether to advance his or her own interests, those of the organization, or those of some other group.

Eg.①private interest②business dealing

◆Explain marketing fraud and give 2 examples of the marketing fraud. (P75)

◆Explain the idea how law protect consumers and 2 or more examples. (p96)

Laws protecting consumers intend to guard against

1)Product children (e.g., prohibition from selling cigarettes to minors)

2)Protect consumers against unfair, deceptive or fraudulent practices.

3)Unsafe or unhealthy products

◆Explain difference between internal an external of locus of control, how do these differences

affect decision making, give example. (p126)

Difference:

①External control:believe al the things in their lives are uncontrollable and their achieve depend on luck chance.

②Internal control: believe the events in their lives are controllable and their achievement all depends on their skill, efforts. They also believe they have the ability to control to control their live.

?Explain the relationship between personal ethic and business ethic, how they alike, how they

different. (p6)

Business ethics comprises the principles and standards that guide behavior in the world of business

Why study business ethics?

Many people who have limited experience suddenly find themselves making decisions about product quality, advertising, pricing, sales techniques, hiring practices, and pollution control. The values learned from family, religion, and school may not provide specific guidelines for these complex business decisions

?List and explain the 4 steps of social responsibility. (p39)

Social responsibility:Standards, norms and expectations that reflect a concern of major stakeholders, including consumers, employees, shareholders, suppliers, competitors, and the community.

the 4 steps of social responsibility:

1.Economic

2.Legal

3.Ethical

4.Philanthropic

?Explain insider trading, when it’s legal and illegal, what problem can arise from illegal

insider trading. (p78)

◆Explain what the type of work environment would be considering sexual harassment, give

example. (p72)

Sexual harassment can be defined as any repeated, unwanted behavior of a sexual nature perpetrated upon one individual by another

◆Explain the strategy of philanthropy, give example. (p113) win-win situation

Philanthropy

1.Improves quality of life

2.Reduces government involvement

3.Develops employee leadership skills

4.Creates an ethical culture

Strategic Philanthropy is the synergistic and mutually beneficial use of an organization’s core competencies and resources to deal with key stakeholders so as to bring about organizational and societal benefits”

◆Explain the concept of the obedience to authority affect business. Give an example. (p127) ◆Difference between mandated and voluntary programs. (p9)

Mandated boundary: An externally imposed boundary of conduct (laws, rules, regulations, and other requirements)

Voluntary boundary: a management-initiated boundary of conduct ( beliefs, values, voluntary policies, and voluntary contractual obliges)

Philanthropy---engage in VB to benefit both internal and external stakeholders.

◆Ethic issue intensity (p122)

Ethical issue intensity: defined as the relevance or importance of an ethical issue in the eyes of the individual, work group, and/or organization

The first step in ethical decision making is to recognize that an ethical issue requires an individual or work group to choose among several actions that various stakeholders inside or outside the firm will ultimately evaluate as right or wrong.

The perception of ethical issue intensity can be influenced by management’s use of rewards and punishments, corporate policies, and corporate values to sensitize employees.

Ethical Issues may not reach the critical awareness level if managers fail to identify and educate employees about specific problem areas. Organizations that consist of employees with diverse values and backgrounds must train them in the way firms want specific ethical issues handled.

The perceived importance of an ethical issue has been found to have a strong influence on both employee’s ethical judgment and their ethical behavioral intent

◆The concept of ethic culture (decision making) (p16)

Ethical culture describes the component of corporate culture that captures the values and norms that an organization defines as appropriate conduct.

1，is the standard or decision making process for the employees use to determine their responses to ethical is right or wrong

2，benefit the employee commitment, customer satisfaction, investor loyalty

3，the goal is to minimize the need for enforced compliance(服从) of rules and maximize

principle that contribute to ethical reasoning in difficult or new situations

4，it also be discussed the component of corporate culture

◆Stakeholder orientation（p34）

1)Generation of data about stakeholder groups and assessment of effect on each group

2)Distribution of this information

3)Organization’s responsiveness to this information.

◆Law protecting equity and safety (p98)

1.Prevent discrimination

2.Ensure safe and healthy working conditions

3.Ensure companies don’t force workers to work “off the clock.”

◆Shareholders VS stakeholder model