英语基本句型翻译练习答案

句式1：主谓结构（主语+不及物动词）

参考答案：

1.The manager hasn’t arrived yet.

2.The car stopped suddenly.

3.The war broke out in 2003.

4.You should study hard.

5.She went home very late yesterday evening.

6.That morning we talked a great deal.

7.The meeting will last two hours.

8.Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past ten years.

9.Things of that sort are happening all over the world every day.

10.The May Fourth Movement broke out in Beijing in 1919.

11.Classes begin at eight every day.

12.This box weights five kilos.

13.I lived in Beijing five years ago.

14.Alice swims very well.

15.John’s father died last night.

16.In autumn, some birds fly to the south.

17.My grandfather gets up early in the morning.

18.The students are listening carefully.

19.We will set out after breakfast at eight and come back in the afternoon.

20.Time passed quickly.

句式2：主系表结构（主语+系动词+表语）

参考答案：

1.Everybody is welcome.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/1f14040001.html,cation is free for all children in the village.

3.Grandma and uncle were so glad to see us.

4.The playground is now in front of the school.

5.I’ll be very happy to be your guide.

6.60% of the students are against the idea of entrance fees.

7.I am very much interested in American society and history.

8.In fact, it is only one stop.

9.There, the air is fresh and the water is clean.

10.Xinhua dictionary is the most popular Chinese dictionary.

11.My brothers are all college students.

12.In winter, the days are short and the nights are long.

13.Mrs. Brown looks very healthy.

14.At the age of fifteen he became a famous pianist.

15.Children, keep quiet please.

16.This book is about the history of the United States.

17.Her job is to look after the children in the nursery.

18.He is out of work.

19.The leaves have turned yellow.

20.The report sounds interesting.

句式3：主谓宾结构（主语+及物动词+宾语）

参考答案：

1.I wrote a letter last night.

2.I didn’t know what to say.

3.He has read this book many times.

4.They have carried out the plan successfully.

5.You must finish reading these books in two weeks.

6.That gentleman can speak three languages fluently.

7.I received a letter from my pen friend in Australia.

8.Jim cannot dress himself.

9.All of us believe that Jack is an hones boy.

10.Do you mind my opening the window?

11.I don’t believe in( 介) that man.

12.He pointed out(副) t the mistakes in my composition.

13.On Christmas day, we will call on（介）our foreign teachers.

14.You must hand in（副）your exercise books after class.

15.We cannot work out（副）the problem in five minutes.

16.We must send for（介）a doctor.

17.The nurse will take good care of（介）your father.

18.You can depend on（介）him in your work.

19.Boiling water gives off（副）steam.

20.After writing a composition, we must go over（介）it.

句式4：双宾语结构（主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语）

参考答案：

1. Mr. Johnson taught us English last year.

2. Grandma told us an interesting story last night.

3. Would you please pass me the dictionary?

4. He showed the ticket to the conductor.

5. This term I have written three letters to my parents.

6. My father has bought me a new bike.

7. Robinson Crusoe made himself a boat.

8. Shall I call you a taxi?

9. The new machine will save you a lot of labour.

10. He told me a lie yesterday.

11. Can you spare me five minutes?

12. He brought me a pencil.

13. Smoking does us harm.

14. He paid his teacher a visit yesterday.

15. The new car cost us 100,000 dollars.

16. The school offers us all kinds of food.

17. Professor Li will give us a talk on computer this Friday afternoon.

18. Please s1ing us a song.

19. We wished each other good luck before the exam.

20. He gave me a book as a birthday gift.

句式5：复合宾语结构（主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语）

参考答案：

1. We call her Alice.

2. His parents named him John.

3. All of us considered him honest.

4. They pushed the door open.

5. They have set the thief free.

6. We will make our school more beautiful.

7. He asked us to join in the game.

8. I want you to tell me the truth.

9. The guards ordered us to leave at once.

10. Tomorrow I’ll have someone repair the machine.

11. Every morning we hear him read English aloud.

12.The pain made him cry out.

13. We won’t let her go o ut at night.

14. He has his hair cut once a month.

15. I’ll get my recorder mended\repaired.

16. The terrible sound made the children frightened.

17. She is listening to someone telling stories.

18. She saw Tom falling off his bike.

19. I have never seen the word used that way before.

20. He felt it very difficult to talk with you.

21. I think it more comfortable to go there by ship

句式6：there be句型结构

参考答案：

1.How many months are there in a year?

2.There are five people in my family.

3.There are all kinds of after-class activities in our school.

4.How many kindergartens are there in your city?

5.There are a lot of new machines in their factory.

6.Now there are many students studying in the classroom.

7.There is much furniture in the room. There are many photos on the wall.

8.There is a hospital near our village.

9.Is there much news on today’s newspaper?

10.Is there going to be a concert this Saturday?

11.There is a swimming pool in the garden.

12.Don’t hurry. There is enough time.

13.There is a writing desk, a computer and a few piles of books in the room.

14.There will be an evening party in our school next Monday.

15.In front of the cave, there stands (grows) a tall pine tree.

16.There used to be a primary school in our village.

17.There is music, dancing and games at the evening party.

18.There lies a small river in front of our school.

19.However, there exist some problems, such as, water pollution, air pollution and crowded\heavy traffic.

20. Once, there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea.

动词时态

1. 一般现在时：

1.It is very hot today.

2.You look nice in that dress.

3.My mother gets up very early every morning.

4.I don’t know much about China, but I want to know more.

5.I really like Chinese food.

6.I’m crazy about learning English.

7.I work for an international company.

8.Jim learns quickly. Jim’s brother Bob learns very slowly.

9.The bus runs every 10 minutes.

10.I’m not interested in sports.

11.Does she enjoy her job?/ Do you enjoy your job?/ Do they enjoy their job?

12.Do you know how late the store is open?

13.Time is money.

14.Mothers always worry about their children.

15.A: Do you think Chinese people and American people want the same things?

B: Sure, everyone wants to be happy.

2. 一般过去时：

1.I didn’t have breakfast this morning.

2.A: How was your visit to your grandparents’ house?

B: My grandmother is lonely because my grandfather died. My grandfather was kind to us.

3.I came from a poor family.

4.I was very shy when I was young.

5.I hated going to school.

6.How did you sleep last night?

7.Did you watch the news last night?

8.How was your dinner?

9.Where did you go last weekend?

10.I called you yesterday.

11.I thought I saw you at the shopping center yesterday.

12.I went to the hospital this morning. That’s why I was late. I’m sorry.

13.I met your husband on the street the other day.

14.He promised that if he got a rise he would buy me a computer.

15.Where did you go an/one hour age?

16.In those days, they often came to help us.

17.I didn’t know you were waiting for me.

18.He used to see his mother once a week.

19.He was hurt when he was riding his bike.

20.Tina was here to see you just now.

3. 一般将来时：

1.Guangzhou will host/hold the 16th Asian Games in 2010.

2.They are going to get married in May this year.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/1f14040001.html,e your head and you will have a good idea.

4.Please take an umbrella with yourself. It is going to rain.

5.What are you going to do tomorrow?

6.Are you going to go on with the work?

7.We are about to discuss this problem.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/1f14040001.html,dies and gentlemen, please fasten your belt. The plane is taking off.

9.I forgot to tell her the result. I will call her at once.

10.Let’s keep to the key point; or/otherwise we will not reach/come to any agreement.

11.The plane is about to take off. Will he reach the airport on time?

12.Take the medicine and you will feel better.

13.I’m not sure whether I will be free. If I have time I will go to your birthday party.

14.One will be punished if he breaks the law.

15.In the room, where the meeting will be held, some workers are busy cleaning.

16.I will tell him when you will come back to see him.

17.I have just finished my work and I am to have a bath.

18.Open any newspaper and you will see many advertisements.

19.If you will accept our help, we will help you.

4. 现在进行时

1.We are making preparations/preparing ourselves/preparing for the next year’s entrance examinations .

2.He is showing a foreign guest around the city.

3.How are you getting along/on with your work?

4.They are flying to Paris tomorrow.

5.How many of you are going to the party?

6.He is always thinking of his work.

7.You are always leaving the things about.

8.Can I use your car? My car is being repaired/mended.

9.The rest students haven’t given clear answers as they are waiting for the result of the quality test.

10.I am just finishing my work and it won’t take long.

11. A lot of people are coming to our wedding.

12. My mother is waiting for me, so I have to go home.

13. He seldom reads newspapers, but now he is reading newspapers.

14. It is raining really hard/heavily. It hardly rains in October.

15. Nothing can be done to save the patient and he is dying.

16. Tomorrow is my birthday. I would like you and Jane to come.

17. Who do you suppose is reading the book you read just now?

18. Usually Jack uses this computer, but now he isn’t using it.

19. He has decided to work on the program as he doesn’t want to let his parents know what he is doing.

5. 过去进行时

1.What were you doing at 12 last night?

2.We were having an English class this time yesterday.

3.It was very cold outside, and it was blowing strongly that day.

4. Li Lei was drawing a lion on the blackboard when the teacher came in.

5. The telephone rang when we were having supper.

6. He was walking along the river when he heard someone crying for help.

7. While/When I was repairing my bike Li Tao came to see me.

8. I’m sorry; I didn’t catch what you said. I was thinking of traveling.

9. He said Mr Gellin was flying to Shanghai tomorrow.

10. I was falling asleep when someone knocked at the door.

11. She was always quarrelling with her neighbours.

12. Bruce was writing a letter to his parents last night.

13. I was cleaning the floor while my sister was washing the clothes

14. I don’t think Jim saw me come in as he was reading newspapers then.

15. I first met Lisa three years ago. She was working at a shop at that time.

16. Granny fell asleep when/while she was watching TV.

17.In those days, I was working as a teacher in a lonely village.

18. He was writing his composition just now. I don’t know whether has finished it.

19. Then because the shop was closing down, all the T-shirts were sold at half price.

6.将来进行时

1.He will be working hard next week。

2.We shall be travelling this time next year．

3.I will be enjoying myself while you are working hard．

4.She will be taking care of the children while you are gone.

5.We shall be meeting again

6.They will be discussing it.

7.I shall be thinking of you．

8.Joe will be playing the piano in a few minutes.

9.I will be visiting my grandmother at three this afternoon.

10.What will you be doing tomorrow this time?

11.When I arrive at the airport, my whole family will be waiting for me

12.When I get home, my wife will probably be watching TV.

13.I hope it won’t still be raining when we have to go to school.

14.Will you be passing the post office when you’re out?

15.Will you be using your bicycle tomorrow morning?

7. 现在完成时:

1.He can’t enter his home as/because he has left his keys in the office.

2.I haven’t had breakfast.

3.How many times have you been to Beijing?

4.Tom is not in China. He has gone back to America.

5.It is/has been almost 8 years since he came to China.

6.I have never heard of this thing before.

7.What has happened to America in the past one year?

8.Yesterday Li Hua lost his library card again. This is the third time he has lost his library card.

9.Don’t open the door until the bus has stopped.

10.I’ll go to your home when/after I have finished my homework.

11.I haven’t seen him since he left home.

12.The house belongs to my aunt but she hasn’t live here any more.

13.We have known each other since we were children.

14.My tape recorder was out of order last week, but I have had it repaired.

15.The coffee is wonderful. It doesn’t taste like any coffee I have ever drunk.

16.I haven’t seen you for ages. Where have you been these years?

https://www.360docs.net/doc/1f14040001.html,plaint can be heard everywhere as the prices have kept going up all the time in the past few years.

18.This is the most expensive meal I have ever had.

19.It is/has been a long time since I saw him last time.

20.The little girl sitting next to me is very nervous as she has never flown before.

8. 过去完成时：

1.By the end of last year we had built five new houses.

2.I had learnt 5000 English words before I entered the university.

3. Before he slept, he had worked for 12 hours.

4. He said (that) he had never been to Paris.

5. When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.

6. By the time he was twelve, he had began to make a living by himself.

7. Tom was very disappointed. When he got to the party, most guests had gone.

8. They finished the task earlier than we had expected.

9. I heard she had left the city.

10. The house was quiet. Everybody had gone to bed.

11. She told me that it was the first time she had been in Nanhai.

12. He kept looking at her, wondering whether he had seen her somewhere.

13. That night I couldn’t go out as I had promised to wait for John at home.

14. Yesterday she was given a gold medal for what she had done for the country.

15. Li Hua, a friend of mine, who got married last week, spend ＄3000 more than he had planned for the wedding.

16. I didn’t know you had been so busy in the last two weeks.

17. I had hoped to help you, but I didn’t arrive in time.

18. He reached the railway station, but the train had left.

19. No sooner had he gotten to the lab than he began to do the experiment./ He began to do the experiment as soon as he got to the lab.

20. After they planted/had planted the flowers they had a rest.

9.过去将来时：

1.He asked me yesterday when I would leave/was leaving for Paris.

2.He said they would arrange/were going to arrange a party.

3.I asked if he would come and fix my TV set.

4.He said that he was going to live in the country when he retired.

5.Nobody knew whether the guests were coming.

6.I was told that the train was leaving in a few minutes.

7.It was reported that another bridge was to be built across the Yangtse River.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/1f14040001.html,st Sunday we were going to visit the Great Wall, but it rained.

9.I was to help to repair the car , but I caught a cold the day before.

10.I was about to start when it suddenly began to rain.

11.We were all surprised when he made it clear that he would leave office soon.

12.In the letter he told me he would graduate next year.

13.He said that he would travel all over China one day.

14.We were about to swim in the river when someone stopped us.

15.I was told that he was going to return home.

16.She told me she was coming to see me.

17.They were sure they would win the final victory.

18.She said she was to clean the classroom after school.

19.Then I felt something terrible was about to happened.

20.I’m happy you have come. I was going to call you.

状语从句答案：

1.Once you see him, you will never forget him.

2.I’ll ring you up as soon as I get an answer from him.

3.He ran off before I could stop him.

4.It was not long before he returned the bicycle to me.

5.Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help us.

6.I knew nothing about it until / till he told me.

7.He won’t believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.

8.Every time I went to his house, he was out.

9.He was watching TV last night while I was writing a letter．

10.As she got older, she began to go deaf.

11.We should work hard while we are young. (Strike while the iron is hot.)

12.He didn’t answer my question simply because he couldn't．

13.Since you have nothing to do，why don’t you help me.

14.As it was getting late, we went home．

15.We must get rid of carelessness，for it often leads to errors/mistakes.

16.It is because today is Sunday that we don’t go to school.

17.He couldn’t have seen me, because I was not there.

18.Now that/Since you are all here, let’s try and make a decision.

19.Considering that they are just beginners, they are doing quite a good job.

三、地点状语从句，四、目的状语从句，五、结果状语从句

20.Wuhan lies where the Yangtze and the Han River meet.

21.Where there is a will, there is a way.

22.You’d better make a mark where you have any questions.

23.He would keep in touch with us wherever he was .

24.The villagers have planted many trees where the pollution is very serious.

25.The young should go where they are most needed.

26.I keep the photo where I can see it every day.

27.Wherever we go, we will serve the people heart and soul.

28.Please stay where you are.

29.Let’s take the front seats (so) that we may see more clearly.

30.(You had) Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.

31.I got up early in the morning so that I could catch the first bus.

32.He studies hard in order that he can serve the people better in the future.

33.We turned the radio up so that everyone might hear the important news.

34.We turned the radio up, so that everyone heard the important news.

35.He didn’t plan his time well, so that/so he didn’t finish the work in time.

36.We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door.

37.The village is so small that it cannot be shown in the map.

38.Jenny is such a clever girl that all the teachers like her very much = Jenny is so clever a girl that all the teachers like her very much.

39.He has so few friends that he often feels lonely.

40.I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over.

（六）条件状语从句（七）方式状语从句（八）比较状语从句：

41.As/So long as we don’t lose heart, we’l l find a way to overcome the difficulty.

42.Send us a message in case you have any difficulty.

43.If you leave at 6 o’clock tomorrow morning, you’d better get to bed now.

44.We’ll let you use the room on condition that you keep it clean and tidy.

45.He’ll accept th e job unless the salary is too low/ if the salary is not too low.

46.As/So far as I know, he is an expert on DNA.

47.Suppose/Supposing we can’t get enough food, what shall we do?

48.Do in Rome as the Romans do.

49.She stood at the door as if (=as though) she were waiting for someone.

50.Things are just as you like.

51.I have changed the plan as you suggested.

52.It looks as if it is going to rain.

53.I’ve loved you as if you were my son.．

54.The longer you stay with him, the beter you will know him.

55.It rains more often in Shanghai than in Beijing.

56.Our country is as big as the whole of Europe.

57.The result was not as/so good as I had expected.

（九）让步状语从句

58.We won’t be discouraged even if(=even though) we fail ten times.

59.I think we should get this one, although it may take up more space in the room.

60.However (=No matter how) expensive it may be, I’ll take it.

61.Don’t let them in, whoever(=no matter who) they are.

62.No matter what I say or how I say it, he always thinks I’m wrong.

63.Whether you believe it or not, it’s true.

64.No matter which(whichever) way you take, It takes you three hours.

65.No matter when(Whenever) you go to see him, he is always working hard.

66.No matter what do you do, do it well.

67.Hard as he worked, he couldn't finish the task on time.

68.Young as he is, he knows a lot.

定语从句答案：

1.He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday.

2.They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.

3.Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.

4.Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.

5.Mr. Liu is the person (whom ) you talked about on the bus,

6.Football is a game which is liked by most boys.

7.The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises.

8.I once lived in a house whose roof was broken.

9.The school which I studied in is very famous now.

10.He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.

11.In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.

12.There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.

13.The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable.

14.I will never forget the days that we spent together in the country.

15.Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen, which is known to all/ as is known to all.

16.I will never forget the village where I spent my childhood.

17.That’s all I know

18.His speech, which bored everyone, went on and on.

19.Smith, who was once my teacher, retired last year.

20.The novel, which I have read three times, is very moving.

21.It rained hard yesterday, which prevented me from going to the park.

22.Tomorrow I’ll bring you a magazine for which you asked.

23.The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.

24.Water, without which man cannot live, is very important.

25.I lived in London for six months, during which I learned some English.

26.Eric received a one-year training in computer, after which he found a job in a big company.

27.Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles?

28.He won the match, as/which we had expected. /As we had expected, he won the match.

29.Beijing is the place where( in which) I was born.

30.Is that the reason why(for which )he refused us?

31.We should go to the place where we are most needed./we should go to the place which needs us most.

32.I will never forget the days when I worked with you.

33.The moment finally came when we got together.

34.I went to kindergarten at the age of five, where I learned some simple games and songs.

35.My father was born in 1939, when the Second World War broke out.

36.After living in Paris for fifty years, he returned to the village where he grew up.

37.There is no dictionary in the world where everything can be found.

38.I will never forget the day when(on which) I joined the League.

39.I’ve come to the point where I can’t stand him.

40.The county is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.

动词不定式：

1.To get there by bike will take us half an hour.

2.It's our duty to take good care of the old.

3.It is very difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour.

4.To respect others is to be respected.

5.It's necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it.

6.The driver failed to see the other car in time.

7.I happen to know the answer to your question.

8.He promised to return in an hour.

9.I found it possible to work out the problem without a computer.

10.I feel it a great honor to be invited to speak at the meeting before so many students.

11.No one could tell me where to buy (get) the book.

12.We have meant (planned, intended)to stay there a week.

13.We think it quite important for us to learn a foreign language well.

14.When to leave for London has not been decided yet.

15.Mr. Smith didn't know whether to leave or stay there.

动名词：

1.Swimming is the best exercise in summer.

2.Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.

3.Reading English aloud in the morning will do you a lot of good.

4.Cheating in an exam ruins one's character.

5.His being elected our chairman made us very happy.

6.It is no use arguing with him.

7.It is no good learning without practice.

8.His hobby is collecting stamps.

9.His part-time job is promoting new products for the company.

10.He managed to escape suffering from the disease.

11.After hearing the funny story, all of us couldn't help laughing.

12.The suspect denied turning on the computer in the office that night.

13.I'm looking forward to your coming next time.

14.We'd better postpone discussing it till next week.

15.He apologized for interrupting us.

16.The secretary was scolded for not having finished typing the report in time.

分词：

1. The news is really exciting.

2. He got very much excited when he heard that Liu Xiang won a gold medal for China .

3. The situation is really encouraging/inspiring.

4. She looked disappointed after she lost the game.

5. What he said sounds convincing.

6. The top of the mountain is covered with snow all the year.

7. The film we saw last night was very moving.

8. Everything is settled/solved now.

9. His views are very amazing/surprising.

10. He was very pleased/delighted at the news.

11. Our country is developing at an astonishing speed.

12. The young man sitting between John and Mary is the editor of the campus newspaper.

13. The bridge built last month needs repairing/to be repaired.

14. Those wishing to join this club should sign here.

15. There are a lot of boys on the sports ground playing football.

16. They built a highway leading into the mountains.