翻译练练手0915

一、汉译英

1、请将下面文字翻译成英文：

现有的文献对于节能潜力的研究多着眼于预测，有效能源投入及节能潜力的研究较少，且比较笼统。目前尚未发现专门研究中国火电行业节能的文献，本文试图对这一问题进行分析。通过随机前沿（SFA）模型，讨论中国火电行业的节能潜力及影响因素。研究结果发现2005年—2010年，我国火电行业的平均能源投入效率约为0.85，并在短暂的改善之后开始下降，导致这一现象的主要非效率因素是对外开放程度的降低；一些相对落后的内陆城市通过改进非效率因素能够实现的火电行业节能潜力较大；华东电网的平均能源投入效率是目前最高的；为了实现火电行业的节能，最终的政策手段是要实现电力行业的市场化改革，打破国有垄断，引进民资。

For energy conservation potential research in the existing literature, more focus on the prediction, and less on the effective energy input and energy conservation potential which emphasizes on the general research. The literatures on the energy conservation in thermal power generation industry have been limited. To fill the gap, this paper uses Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) to investigate the energy conservation potential in thermal power generation industry and its influence factors. It is found that the average efficiency of energy input in China's thermal power industry is about 85 percent efficient, which has been decreased after temporary improvement. The decreasing of opening degree is the major inefficient factor behind the phenomenon. For some undeveloped interior cities, there is huge potential to achieve the goal of energy conservation by ameliorating the inefficient factors. East China power grid is the most efficient one at present in the average efficiency of energy input. In order to fulfil the energy conservation in thermal power generation industry, the final policy means should be realized by deregulating the electricity industry, breaking the state-ownership monopoly and bringing private capital.

2.请将下面文字翻译成英文

2014年5月21日，俄罗斯与中国签署了30年天然气购销合同，总价值4000亿美元。外界对中俄合作给予的关注，更大的落脚点在于中俄互相之间的迫切需求。中俄天然气供应

协议的签署，意味着中俄两国在石油、煤炭、电力等能源领域将展开全面的合作。

Russia has been contracted to transport natural gas equivalent of $4000 billion to China for 30 years on May 21th, 2015. The active demand for China and Russia was in the spotlight. Sealing of natural gas purchase and sales contracts announce the two countries have conducted comprehensive cooperation in the oil, coal and power.

俄罗斯拥有丰富的能源资源，其天然气国际贸易量全球第一，石油和石油产品的出口居世界第二。俄罗斯目前有着强烈的出售天然气的意愿。由于美国页岩气革命的出现，俄罗斯在欧洲的市场份额不断被挤压。此外，国内经济增速的低预期，以及乌克兰局势的不稳定，也让俄罗斯着手寻求新市场的压力再次加大。能源出口额占俄罗斯出口总额的70%。天然气在欧洲市场份额的不断萎缩，迫使俄罗斯急需找到一个强大的市场，而最明显、潜力最大的能源市场是中国。可以说不断成长中的亚洲国家，特别是中国和印度，应该是俄罗斯未来能源的新兴市场。

Russia is rich in various energy resources, which has the largest international trade volume of natural gas and the world's second-largest oil and oil products exports. Russia has a strong will to sale natural gas. Along with the shale gas revolution in the United States, its market shares in Europe were squeezed, even as domestic economic growth slows and the decline in Ukraine's stability, which all lead to the gradual increase of pressure to seek new markets. Energy exports account for 70% of Russia's total export sales. The declining Russia share of the total European market forces Russia to find a strong market, and it is found that China is the most potential market. That is to say, those growing Asian countries, especially China and India, will be the emerging market for Russia.

中俄的能源合作有利于保障我国的能源安全。由于现阶段中国经济发展对能源需求有很强的依赖性，中国的能源安全问题也是中国经济的可持续发展问题。宏观层面上，中国的能源安全主要包括两方面的含义：一是能源供给是否存在中断的风险；二是能源价格是否会大幅波动的风险。

Energy cooperation between China and Russia will help to ensure the safe of sources. At the present stage of economic development, China has increasing demand and dependence on energy. Chinese energy security has become important subject to the sustainable economic development. On a macro level, Chinese energy security

consists of two aspects: risk of energy supply disruption and drastic fluctuation of energy prices.

二．论文修改：请根据你的理解，用“修订”的处理方法修改下面这段文字

1. Facing the increasing pressure on energy supply, it is clearly stated in China’s 12th five year Energy Strategic Planning that the C hina’s energy strategy will be transmitted from ensuring the supply to controlling the total consumption. As an important part of energy, at the same time as the main primary energy-consuming sector, electric power has become more and more important in low-carbon economy. “Apparently, development of electric power is closely related with total energy consumption control.”(Lin Boqiang ,2012).

The thermal power industry which generates 80% of the whole electric power is also the major coal-consuming sector in China. Therefore, the energy–saving potential of thermal power industry will be related to both the feasibility of the control on total energy consumption and the implementation of energy independence and energy balance in China. Coal makes up about 70% in primary energy consumption, 50% of which was devoted into thermal power industry. Compared with other energy sources, coal, which is abundant and cheap enough in China, occupies a dominant part of demand in the country. Under the background of energy conservation, emission reduction, low carbon development and the development bottleneck of energy resource are becoming more and more prominent. With the economic growth mode urgently needs to be changed, it is imminent to reduce the proportion of coal in energy consumption structure.

2. Abstract: China is in a phase of rapid economics growth on industrialization and urbanization. With the further rapid growth in the next 20 years, China will enter a rigid demand for energy. Energy saving will become an important strategy on China's low carbon economic transformation. Since 1998, China's chemical fiber production line has become the first place in the world, until 2011, China's chemical fiber production accounts about 70% of the world’s output. So, Energy saving is particularly important for China's chemical fiber industry, it can be an important

contribution to the energy saving of world. In this paper cointegration against China's chemical fiber industry in energy demand to GDP, energy prices, population and the R& D expenditure financed relations were tested, the results show that the energy demand of China's chemical fiber industry with gross domestic product (GDP), energy prices, population and R&D expenditures on significant long-term equilibrium relationship, and based on this, author predicts energy demand of China's chemical fiber industry in 2015 and 2020. And furthermore, the Monte Carlo simulation method is used to verify the reliability of the prediction. Using scenario analysis to predict different energy policy on China's chemical fiber industry, energy demand and energy savings, there is a certain energy space on China's chemical fiber industry. According to the research results, the author gives some suggestion on energy saving policy.