Compaq Visual Fortran6.5说明

《Compaq Visual Fortran Installing and Getting Started》文档摘录：

一、认识Compaq Visual Fortran

1、CVF三种版本所各自包括的组件:

其中可能需要关注的有CXML库、Fortran module Wizard、f90SQL组件、IMSL库、Fortran COM Server wizard

2、CVF Proferssional版的光盘中包含内容

CVF光盘中额外包括了IE4 SP1和Windows NT 4 SP3以及授权管理软件FLEXlm用于多用户授权使用CVF。CVF proferssional版所需的Compaq Array Visualizer在另外的单独光盘中。

此外，在CVF光盘目录\x86\USUPPORT和\AXP\USUPPORT下有一些不支持但是比较有用的工具（unsupported but nevertheless useful tools.）

3、CVF的开始菜单程序组中项目说明

?Dependency Walker分析可执行文件和DLL文件的工具

?Developer Studio启动visual development environment.

?Error Lookup通过error代号查看system error message文本和module error message文本的工具.

?FortranCommandPrompt启动Fortran命令行窗口，在命令行下使用Visual Fortran编译器。该命令行工具自动加载了Fortran编译环境。

?Fortran Module Wizard 用于开发Fortran客户端for COM and automation servers. See Section 7.11, Support for COM and Automation Objects: Fortran ModuleWizard.

?Help Workshop创建应用程序的WinHelp文件(.HLP)的工具

?IMSL Fortran 90 MP Library Help IMSL模块的在线文档

?IMSL Fortran 90 MP Library Read Me IMSL模块的readme文件

?OLE-COM Object Viewer 查看OLE或COM对象的详细细节

?Online Documentation 启动HTML Help Viewer查看Visual Fortran的在线文档

?Online Registration 联机注册Visual Fortran

?Per-User Setup 用于设置Visual Fortran运行环境。Visual Fortran安装之后必须至少应用一次该组件

?Process Viewe r 系统进程查看器

?ReadMe

?Release Notes

?Spy++ 查看系统进程、线程、windows、window messages等信息

?VF Reporter Visual Fortran反馈工具

?WinDiff 比较和修改文件内容和路径的工具

二、安装Compaq Visual Fortran后的任务

4、安装CVF后任务1：运行Per-User Setup option

该Per-User Setup option可在CVF开始程序组中找到，可以在同一帐户中多次运行。如果不运行，可能在使用CVF 时遇到某些问题。

After installing (or reinstalling) Visual Fortran, if you do not apply the Per-User Setup option, you might encounter difficulties locating the Visual Fortran driver image DF.EXE and viewing Fortran data in the visual development environment debugger. For example, you might have trouble compiling Visual Fortran programs or might not be able to view the contents of arrays within the debugger.

5、安装CVF后任务2：注册Visual Fortran Com Server wizard

The Visual Fortran COM server wizard被作为Developer Studio 的一个宏而使用，因此应在Developer Studio中先注册和载入。方法是在Developer Studio中自定义工具栏中的Add-ins and Macro Files标签中指定Fortran COM server wizard 的对应宏文件\Microsoft Visual Studio\Common\MSDev98\Addins\Df98\ CSAddin.dll

6、安装CVF后任务3：选择Visual Studio的默认在线文档

安装Compaq Visual Fortran使用的是Visual Studio的界面，默认的帮助文档应该是Compaq Visual Fortran的文档，但用户同时安装了微软的MSDN库，则默认文档可能需要指定。在Visual Studio的工具-选项-Help System标签中，在Preferred Collection下拉框中选择默认的online documentation collection

7、安装CVF后任务5：修改堆栈大小

CVF在程序运行时以堆栈的形式，动态地为数列分配内存空间。CVF允许用户在链接可执行程序时增加堆栈大小，也可以对已链接的可执行程序通过EDITBIN工具增加堆栈大小（It is possible to increase the stack size either when you link the executable, or by using EDITBIN on the executable later.）

CVF默认在Win32平台上分配的堆栈大小为0x100000 (1,048,576 decimal)字节，约1MB。

有以下几种方式修改堆栈大小：

●LINK命令行下，使用/stack nnnnn参数调整堆栈大小，其中n是字节数（十进制）如：link /stack:4000000

●也可在DF或F90命令后添加以上选项，如：df foo.f /link /stack:4000000

●对于已经链接的可执行程序，使用EDITBIN命令并添加以上选项，如：editbin /stack:4000000 foo.exe

●在Develop Studio工具中，选择菜单命令Project-Setting-Link标签，在Project Optios框中添加上面的选项。

8、安装CVF后任务6：安装VC++后更新Include和library路径

安装Visual Fortran后再安装Visual C++，其安装过程不会自动更新include和library路径。需要手动更新，步骤如下：

1 Developer Studio的Tools菜单中选择options

2 选择Directories标签

3 选择Show directories for下拉菜单，选择所需的类型(in this case, Include files).

4 在下面的列表中添加MFC\INCLUDE and ATL\INCLUDE两个路径

5 同样地，添加路径MFC\LIB到Library Files列表

9、安装CVF后任务7：安装f90SQL-Lite

f90SQL-lite from Canaima Software是一个程序库，允许Fortran程序直接读取和写入符合ODBC(Open Database Connectivity )要求的数据库，比如Excel\Access\Oracle等。

安装f90SQL-lite，需在命令行下切换到Fortran安装光盘的相应目录，执行F90_SQL\setup.exe命令。安装前最好读一下\F90_SQL\readme.txt文件中的安装事项。

删除f90SQL-lite则可在控制面板的添加删除程序中进行。

三、自定义Compaq Visual Fortran环境

12、查看当前的键盘映射列表

查看当前的键盘映射（keyboard mappings），可以通过菜单Help-Keyboard Map命令。将可以看到CVF下所有可用的命令与解释及其快捷键。.

13、自定义键盘映射

可以为CVF的所有命令自定义快捷键，步骤为菜单Tool-Customize-Keyboard标签。该标签下，左边是命令类型，右边是命令的快捷键。

14、自定义编辑器风格环境

To customize the keyboard commands to match a more familiar text editor, such as BrieforEpsilon:

1 In the Tools menu, choose Options.

2 Click the Compatibility tab.

3 Select the editor emulation from the drop-down list.

4 Select other options by using the checkboxes.

You can open any file in binary form and work with either the ASCII or the hexadecimal representation. You can even look at programs, object files, and libraries this way.

四、使用Compaq Visual Fortran

10、CVF中可创建的project类型列表

11、Visual Fortran中创建断点的完全设置

通常是使用F9或点击工具栏手型按钮；断点的完全设置选项可以通过Edit-Breakpoint菜单命令调出的对话框中设置。For more information, see Debugging Fortran Programs in the online Programmer’s Guide described in Section 8.2, Documentation Available in HTML Help Viewer Format.

15、使用Source Browser

在用户build代码时，CVF可以自动创建一个browse information file，方便用户查看任意变量、函数的使用情况，以及他们之间的调用关系。

As you are developing and debugging your application, you need to see the symbols you are using in a variety of contexts. The source browser in the visual development environment lets you look at symbol usage in the source code and view graphs of calling relationships between functions. Using the source browser makes it easy to maintain, revise, and debug your code.

When you build your application, Visual Fortran can create a browse information file containing information about the symbols in your application. The browse window displays this information and lets you move among instances of the symbols in your source code. For example, you can move to every place in every file where the symbol is used.

要启用这一功能，步骤如下：

1 选择菜单Project- Settings.

2 选择Fortran 标签.

3 选择category下拉框中的General类型，勾选Generate Source Browser Information选项

4 选择Browse Info标签

5 设置Build browse info file选项

要使用这一功能，步骤如下：

0 Build程序

1 选择Tool- Source Browser菜单命令

2 取消Case sensitive选择

3 输入要查询的Identifier，确定。

16、混合编程:

混合编程尤其适用于相同版本的Visual C++和Vsual Fortran，因为它们使用同一个可视开发环境，可以在同一个可视开发环境环境下编译链接成一个完整的程序。如果用户需要使用不同版本或不同类型的可视开发环境（visual development environment），则不能在同一个可视开发环境下编译混合语言程序的所有部分。

用户可以将其他编译环境下编译的对象文件复制到CVF的project下，使用CVF将这些对象链接到用户的应用程序中。

用户可以将Fortran对象模块（object module）直接链接到C/C++程序中编译；用户还可以将Fortran程序编译成DLL和COM server，使用VB等其他不同开发环境下的语言调用这些DLL和COM server。

更多信息，请参考….

Mixed-language programming occurs when an application has source code written in two or more languages. Compaq provides Visual Fortran. Microsoft provides Visual C++, Visual J++, Visual Basic, Microsoft MASM (Assembler for IA-32 (x86) systems), and other Visual Studio tools. Mixed-language programming is possible among all these languages.

Mixed-language development is especially easy when you use the same versions of Visual C++ and Visual Fortran, because they use the same visual development environment. Having a common development environment lets you edit, debug, link, and compile Fortran and C/C++ modules transparently.

If you need to use language products that use a different version of the visual development environment (or a different development environment) than Visual Fortran, you cannot use the same visual development environment to build all parts of the mixed-language application.

When other languages in a mixed-language application use a different version of Microsoft’s visual development environment, you can copy object files into your project workspace and use the visual development environment to link them into your application.

Another way to build a mixed-language application is to link the Fortran object module directly into a C/C++ program. Visual Basic and Visual Fortran do not share the same visual development environment. However, you can use Visual Basic to create a graphical user interface for an application and use Visual Fortran to create Fortran DLLs or a COM server from existing Fortran source code to build the numerical calcu lation engine ‘back end’ of a 32-bit Windows application.

For more information, see the following topics in the online Programmer’s Guide described in Section 8.2, Documentation Available in HTML Help Viewer Format:

?For information on creating DLLs that work with other applications, see Creating Windows Applications.

?For information on creating a COM server, see Creating a COM Server.

?For information on mixed-language programming, see Programming with Mixed Languages.

For more information, see the Microsoft Visual Studio Web site at: https://www.360docs.net/doc/2e3693303.html,/vstudio/

五、Compaq Visual Fortran的扩展

17、CXML库包含的内容

?基本线性代数程序Basic Linear Algebra routines (BLAS)

The BLAS routines include the industry-standard Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms for Level 1 (vector-vector or BLAS1), Level 2 (matrix-vector or BLAS2), and Level 3 (matrix-matrix or BLAS3). Also included are subprograms for BLAS Level 1 Extensions, Sparse BLAS Level 1, and Array Math Functions (VLIB).

?符号计算库Signal Processing routines

The Signal Processing routines provide a basic set of signal processing functions. Included are one-, two-, and three-dimensional Fast Fourier Transforms (FFT), group FFTs, Cosine/Sine Transforms (FCT/FST), Convolution, Correlation, and Digital Filters.

?稀疏线状系统库Sparse Linear System routines

The Sparse Linear System routines provide both direct and iterative sparse linear system solvers. The direct solver package supports both symmetric and nonsymmetric sparse matrices. The iterative solver package contains a basic set of storage schemes, preconditioners, and iterative solvers.

?LAPACK包LAPACK routines

LAPACK is an industry-standard subprogram package offering an extensive set of linear system and eigen problem solvers. LAPACK uses blocked algorithms that are better suited to most modern architectures, particularly ones with memory

hierarchies.

?工具型子程序Utility routines

Utility routines include random number generation, array math functions, and sorting subprograms.

For more information about CXML, see the following:

?The Compaq Extended Math Library Reference Guide described in Section 8.4, Documentation Available in PDF Format. ?Using the Compaq Extended Math Library (CXML) in the online Programmer’s Guide described in Section 8.2, Documentation Available in HTML Help Viewer Format.

?The CXML section of the Visual Fortran release notes. See Section 2.2, Release Notes.

?TheCXML readme file installed in: \Df98\CXML

?The CXML samples installed in: \Df98\CXML\Samples

?The Compaq Math Libraries Web page at: https://www.360docs.net/doc/2e3693303.html,/math

18、IMSL库包含的的内容

IMSL库用于数值计算和统计分析The IMSL libraries are for applications in general applied mathematics and for analyzing and presenting statistical data in scientific and business applications

For more information about IMSL, see:

?The IMSL Fortran 90 MP Library Read Me text file provided in the Compaq Visual Fortran 6 program folder.

?The IMSL Fortran 90 MP Library Help item provided in the Compaq Visual Fortran 6 program folder. This brings up the IMSL documentation in PDF format. (See Section 8.4.4, Location of IMSL PDF Files.)

?Using the IMSL Mathematical and Statistical Libraries in the online Programmer’s Guide.

?The Visual Numerics Web page for IMSL at: https://www.360docs.net/doc/2e3693303.html,/products/imsl/

19、使用f90SQL工具访问数据库

f90SQL库允许Fortran程序直接读写符合ODBC(Open Database Connectivity )要求的数据库，比如Excel\Access\Oracle等。CVF提供的f90SQL-lite是完整f90SQL产品的一个子集，完整的f90SQL-pro需自行购买。

f90SQL from Canaima Software is a library of functions and subroutines that makes it possible for Fortran applications to directly read and write data stored in stored in databases. The databases must be compliant with the Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) application programming interface (API). Examples of database and spreadsheet formats that you can read and write to are: Microsoft Excel, Lotus 1-2-3, Microsoft Access, Microsoft FoxPro, Paradox, Oracle, Sybase, Ingres, Informix, and Microsoft SQL-Server, among others. You can read and write data to the database application’s format directly from your Fortran programs, as long as the application offers an ODBC interface to its data files. f90SQL-lite is a subset of the full f90SQL product, known as f90SQL-pro. f90SQL-lite is suitable for small record sets and a limited number of database connections. You can purchase f90SQL-pro for larger databases from Canaima Software.

For more information about f90SQL, see:

?The README.TXT and F90SQL.RTF files provided in the F90_SQL directory on the Visual Fortran CD–ROM. (These will be placed on your system during the installation process.)

?The Canaima Software Web site at: https://www.360docs.net/doc/2e3693303.html,

20、使用Fortran Module Wizard用于COM and Automation Objects

Visual Fortran provides a wizard to simplify the use of functionality available with Component Object Model (COM) and

Automation (formerly called OLE Automation) objects. COM is an open architecture for cross-platform development of client-server applications, based on object-oriented technology. Automation is a way to manipulate an application’s objects from outside the application. Automation is typically used to create applications that expose objects to programming tools and macro languages, create and manipulate one application's objects from other applications, or create tools for accessing and manipulating objects.The Visual Fortran Module Wizard generates Fortran 90 modules that simplify calling COM and Automation services from Fortran programs.

The Fortran ModuleWizard automatically generates Fortran source code that simplifies invoking:

?Routines in a dynamic-link library (DLL)

?Methods of an Automation object

?Member functions of a COM object

The generated code includes derived-type data declarations for data structures, procedure interface block definitions, and procedure definitions (external jacket routines) that simplify calling conventions.

For more information, see Using COM and Automation Objects in the online Programmer’s Guide described in Section 8.2, Documentation Available in HTML Help Viewer Format.

21、创建COM Servers

COM supports a model of client-server interaction between a user of an object (the client) and the implementor of the object (the server). Visual Fortran provides a COMserver wizard that simplifies the task of creating a COM server or a server that supports dual interfaces. Applications that access COM objects can use the objects exposed by the COM server, including Visual Fortran, Visual C++, and Visual Basic clients.

For information about how to implement the COM server wizard as a Developer Studio add-in, see Section 4.2, Specifying the COM ServerWizard as a Developer Studio Add-in (Professional and Enterprise Editions Only).

For more information, see Creating a COM Server in the online Programmer’s Guide described in Section 8.2, Documentation Available in HTML Help Viewer Format.

37、Compaq Array Visualizer特征与组件介绍

Array Visualizer能够交互式地显示数据，也能生成.agl格式的二进制文件以供查看分析：

The Array Visualizeris a set of software components that enables you to visualize array data interactively. Any integer or real type array of rank 1-7 can be viewed using the array visualizer software. The Array Visualizer also defines a binary file format (.agl) that can be used to save array data for later analysis. Visual Fortran Standard Edition contains only the Compaq Array Viewer.

Array Visualizer包括以下内容:

?Compaq Array Viewer

The Array Viewer (AViewer) is an executable program that can load and display .agl or .hdf files. Array Viewer displays the array data in two adjustable panes:

o The top pane shows a scrollable spreadsheet-style view of the array data.

o The bottom pane displays a graphical view of the array data.

There are four viewing modes in which the graph can be displayed:

o Height Plot displays the array data as a 3D surface where the X and Y dimensions correspond to the array indexes and the array elements are mapped as a displacement in Z. This option is only available for arrays of rank 2 or

higher.

o Image Map displays the array data as a 2D image where the X and Y dimensions correspond to the array indexes and the array elements are mapped to a color range. This option is only available for arrays of rank 2 or higher.

o Vector Graph displays the array data as a series of 2, 3, or 4 component vectors. In this mode an array is viewed as

a list of vectors. For example an array declared as M(3, 500) would consist of 500 vectors of the form (x, y, z). The

first three components are mapped to the x, y, and z axis. The fourth component (if present), is mapped to a color

using the color palette. This option is only available for arrays of rank 2 or higher.

o2D View displays the array data as a conventional 2D graph where the X dimension corresponds to the array index and the array elements are mapped as a displacement in Z. This option is available for arrays of rank 1 or arrays of

higher rank but with 10 or fewer rows.

?Aview Library

The Aview library (aview.lib) is a small set of subroutines that enables any Fortran application to display array data with Array Viewer. The Aview library can also be used to directly save array data to an .agl file for later viewing with the Array Viewer. The AVDef module defines the Fortran interface for the Aview library. There is also a C language interface defined in avdef.h. The \Program Files\ArrayVisualizer\Samples directory includes example programs that use the Aview library.

?Avis2D ActiveX Control

The Avis2D ActiveX (ocx) control, can be used by any development environment that supports ActiveX controls. For example Visual C++/MFC or Visual Basic, and now with the 6.1 release, Visual Fortran. The Avis2D control enables the application to display array data, as a height field or image view, within one of its applications windows. The Avis2D control provides more than 100 properties and methods that the application can use to customize its behavior.

?AvisGrid ActiveX Control

Like the Avis2D control, the AvisGrid control can be used by any development environment that supports ActiveX controls. The AvisGrid control can be used to display array data numerically in a scrollable window. AvisGrid shares many of Avis2D's properties and methods.

?Developer Studio Enhancements

The Developer Studio debugger now supports the ability to select an array in the watch window and use the Array Viewer to inspect it. The view can be updated to observe changes in the array data as the program executes.

在Debugger调试时可以使用Fortran Array Visualizer。

The Visual Fortran Professional Edition Debugger supports new functionality which allows the programmer to view arrays using the Visual Fortran (Developer Studio) Array Visualizer. This functionality is made available through a new Visual Studio docking window named the Fortran Arrays window.

The Fortran Arrays window is available when the program is at a breakpoint in a Fortran source file. The Fortran Arrays window can be displayed using 1 of 3 methods:

o Place your cursor on, or select, the name of a Fortran array in the source window and select the Array Visualizer icon in the Fortran toolbar.

o Place your cursor on, or select, the name of a Fortran array in the source window and select the Fortran Array Visualizer item from the Debug item.

o Select Debug Windows -> Fortran Arrays from the view menu.

The Fortran Arrays window consists of 2 panes. The left pane contains the names of Fortran arrays. The right pane contains the current viewing status of each array. Each row in the Fortran Arrays window is associated with an instance of the Array Visualizer application.

Methods 1 and 2 above add a new row to the Fortran Arrays window and attempt to launch an Array Visualizer to view the array. While the Array Visualizer is starting, the status pane displays "Working...". Once the Array Visualizer has displayed the array, the status changes to "Viewing...". If the array cannot be viewed, for example because the name entered is not the name of a Fortran array of intrinsic numeric data, an error message is displayed in the status pane.

Unlike the data displayed in other Debug windows, arrays listed in the Fortran Arrays window are not automatically updated at each breakpoint. This is because viewing an array can be a time consuming operation.

You may use the following mouse and keyboard actions in the Fortran Arrays window to manipulate the arrays in the Fortran Arrays window.

o Left mouse button click on an array name selects the array.

o Left mouse button double click sends updated array data to the Array Visualizer.

o After selecting one or more arrays, pressing the Delete key closes the Array Visualizers associated with the selected arrays, and removes the names from the Fortran Arrays window.

o After selecting one or more arrays, pressing the Escape key detaches the Array Visualizers associated with the selected arrays, and removes the names from the Fortran Arrays window. Detached Array Visualizers remain

displayed but are no longer under the control of the visual Debugger.

o Left mouse button click on a selected array, or pressing the Enter key after selecting an array, places the array name into edit mode. Editing is completed when the Enter key is pressed or the mouse is clicked outside of the

editing window. If you delete the array name, then the Array Visualizer associated with the array is closed and the name is remove from the Fortran Arrays window. If you change the name to a different name, then the Array

Visualizer associated with the array is used to view the data of the array with the new name.

When the Fortran Array window is closed, either by explicit user action, or when the debugging session ends, all Array Visualizer windows are closed (except for Array Visualizers which have been previously detached).

Fortran Arrays窗口中有如下限制：

The following limitations exist in the Fortran Arrays window:

o When viewing Fortran assumed-size arrays, the last dimension of the array is not viewable.

o When viewing Fortran assumed-shape arrays, the lower bounds are always represented at 1 by default. To change the lower bound used by the Visualizer, open the ROI Settings dialog (Settings->ROI in the Visualizer menu), and modify the value(s) displayed in the LowerBound Column.

六、Compaq Visual Fortran的帮助、文档与范例

22、Visual Fortran的范例文件

22、CVF的帮助文档

CVF帮助文档之一：《Compaq Visual Fortran Installing and Getting Started》

位置一:光盘\Cvf_gs.pdf

位置二:光盘\Info\Df\Doc\CVF_HTML\GettingStarted\目录，启动文件title.htm或GSTOC.HTM

位置三:光盘\X86\DF\Cvf_gs.pdf

位置四:安装目录\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\Df98\Cvf_gs.pdf

CVF帮助文档之二：《Compaq Fortran Language Reference Manual》

位置一:光盘\Info\Df\Doc\CVF_HTML\VISUALFORTRAN\目录的部分，启动文件VF_FRAME.HTM或VF_NOFRA.HTM

位置二:光盘\Info\Df\Doc\CVF_PDF\Cvf_lref.pdf

位置三:光盘\Info\Df\Doc\LRM\Dflrm.htm.

位置四:本文档也属于HTML Help Viewer文档中的一部分，参见下文

CVF帮助文档之三：《Visual Fortran Programmer's Guide》

位置一:光盘\Info\Df\Doc\CVF_HTML\VISUALFORTRAN\目录的部分，启动文件VF_FRAME.HTM或VF_NOFRA.HTM

位置二:光盘\Info\Df\Doc\CVF_PDF\CVF_PG.PDF

位置三:本文档也属于HTML Help Viewer文档中的一部分，参见下文

CVF帮助文档之四：《Visual Fortran Error Messages》

位置一:光盘\Info\Df\Doc\CVF_HTML\VISUALFORTRAN\目录的部分，启动文件VF_FRAME.HTM或VF_NOFRA.HTM

位置二:光盘\Info\Df\Doc\CVF_PDF\CVF_RTER.PDF

位置三:本文档也属于HTML Help Viewer文档中的一部分，参见下文

CVF帮助文档之五：《Compaq Array Visualizer》

位置一:光盘Info\Df\Doc\CVF_HTML\ARRAYVISUALIZER目录，启动文件AV_FRAME.HTM或AV_NOFRA.HTM 位置二:光盘\Info\Df\Doc\CVF_PDF\CVF_AVIS.PDF

位置三:本文档也属于HTML Help Viewer文档中的一部分，参见下文

CVF帮助文档之六：HTML Help Viewer条目（综合内容）.

位置一:光盘\Info\Df\Doc\目录下的文件，启动文件HH.exe /df60.col

位置二:安装目录\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\DF98\DOC目录下的文件，可通过帮助菜单和开始菜单中的"online documentation"组调用

其中内容包括：

Programmer Guide (in the Compaq Visual Fortran title，即DFMain.chm)

Language Reference (in the Compaq Visual Fortran title，即DFMain.chm)

Error Messages (in the Compaq Visual Fortran title，即DFMain.chm)

Compaq Array Visualizer

Visual C++ User Guide(in the Developer Studio 98 title，即VCUGDVF.chm)

Platform SDK and SDK manuals(in the Platform SDK and SDK Documentation titles)

CVF帮助文档之七：CXML的pdf文档《Compaq Extended Math Library Reference Guide》

位置一：光盘\x86\df\cxml\doc\Cxmlref.pdf

位置二：安装目录\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\Df98\Cxml\Doc\Cxmlref.pdf

CVF帮助文档之八：IMSL的pdf文档

位置一:光盘\INFO\DF\DOC\PDF

位置二:光盘\x86\Df\IMSL\Help

位置三:安装目录\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\Df98\Imsl\Help

其中内容包括：

IMSL contents file, Imsl.pdf

IMSL Math/Library, Volumes 1 and 2, file Math.pdf

IMSL Math/Library, Special Functions, file Sfun.pdf

IMSL Stat/Library, Volume 1, file Statvol1.pdf

IMSL Stat/Library, Volume 2, file Statvol2.pdf

IMSL Fortran 90 MP Library, file, F9040.pdf

CVF的Samples目录

位置一:光盘\info\DF\Samples\

位置二:安装目录\Project Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\DF98\Samples\

23、CVF常用的帮助主题及其所在位置

下表列出了常见的帮助主题及其所在的位置。

24、帮助文档中的查找语法

If you cannot easily find the information you are looking for in the index or you are looking for detailed information, you can perform a full-text search of either the entire icontents of Books Online or the currently selected subset. (See Section 9.9, Changing the Current Collection.) The HTML Help Viewer displays every occurrence of a given word or phrase, anywhere within the help system.

To search the full text of the online books:

1 Bring up the Search pane as described in Section 9.2, Displaying the HTML Help Viewer.

2 Enter the word, phrase, or wildcard expression you want information on.

3 Click the List Topics button.The list box at the bottom of the Search dialog box displays all the topics containing the word or phrase you specified.

4 Either select the topic you want to view and click the Display button or double-click the topic you want to view.

At the bottom, the Search pane contains checkboxes for the following:

?Search previous results

?Match similar words

?Search titles only

Before you perform a search by clicking the List Topics button, make sure the checkboxes in the lower-left corner of the Search tab are set appropriately.

在CVF帮助文档中可以使用布尔操作符(AND, OR, NOT)和近似操作符(NEAR)来进行高级搜索。

A basic search query consists of the word or phrase you want to find. To create more complex search queries, you can use Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT) and a proximity operator (NEAR).

Keep in mind the following rules when you are creating a query:

?Search queries are case-insensitive, so you can enter your query in uppercase or lowercase letters.

?You can search for any combination of letters (a-z) and numbers (0-9), except for the words in the exception list (a, an,

and, as, at, be, but, by, do, for, from, have, he, in, it, not, of, on, or, she, that, the, there, they, this, to, we, which, with, you), which are ignored during a search.

?Punctuation marks such as the period (.), colon (:), semicolon (;), comma (,), and hyphen (-) are ignored during a search.

?Use single or double quotation marks to enclose phrases; you cannot search for these characters.

?You can use parentheses to nest expressions within your query.

用户还可以使用通配操作符来进行高级操作。

You can use wildcards with the basic query syntax to create powerful and flexible search queries, as shown in Table 9-3.

25、帮助文档中定义子集subset和书签，可以方便浏览

The HTML Help Viewer lets you define and use subsets to limit the index or search activity on your system. For example, you can define a subset for just the Visual Fortran documentation, the Array Visualizer documentation, or the Platform SDK documentation, or any combination.

The name of the current subset is shown in the upper left part of the HTML Help Viewer window in a list box labeled Active Subset. The subset titled Entire Collection displays the entire contents of the currently selected collection. (See Section 9.9, Changing the Current Collection.)

To define a new subset:

1 Start the HTML Help Viewer.

2 In the View menu, click Define Subset.

3 In the Available Items list, double-click the Compaq Visual Fortran 6.6 subcategories.

4 If needed, double-click the subcategory to display its contents.

5 Click the appropriate title. You can use the Ctrl key to select multiple titles.

6 Click the Add button; the selected titles are moved into the right pane.

7 In the lower-right corner, in the text box below Save new subset as:, highlight and enter the desired subset name.

8 Click the Save button to save the defined subset for subsequent use.

9 Click the Close button.

To use a previously defined subset, in the Active Subset list box, select the desired subset. After you select the subset, the Contents pane shows only the contents of the current subset. When you exit the HTML Help Viewer, it remembers the last subset selected and uses it the next time you start the HTML Help Viewer.

If you use multiple subsets and cannot find a topic you need, make sure you select the Entire Contents subset or the appropriate subset you previously defined.

七、Compaq Visual Fortran的常见问题

26、如果无法安装CVF 6.*，试试运行光盘下\X86\SETUPX86.EXE :

If you attempt to install Visual Fortran v6.* using any of the methods described in "Installing and Getting Started - Using Setup to Install Visual Fortran", and SETUP.EXE in the root directory fails to run, on x86 systems, run: \X86\SETUPX86.EXE。This runs the same installation procedure as SETUP.EXE in the root directory.

27、CVF与VC可共存，但版本不匹配时，可能出现错误提示

Visual Fortran v6.* and Microsoft Visual C++ v6.0 are engineered to co-exist in Microsoft Developer Studio.

However, the versions of all products MUST match or you will receive version mismatch errors when starting Developer Studio. An example of the error message you would receive is:

28、CVF安装过程中会自动注册一些组件。但组件注册有可能失败，可以试着手动注册组件

The CVF and CAV installation procedures register a number of DLLs and OCXs. CVF registers DFDLG100.DLL, COMCAT.DLL, SHLWAPI.DLL, WININET.DLL, HHCTRL.OCX, ITIRCL.DLL, and ITSS.DLL in the windows\system directory. CAV registers ATL.DLL, HHCTRL.OCX, ITIRCL.DLL, and ITSS.DLL in the windows\system directory. CAV registers AVIS2D.OCX and AVISGRID.OCX in the ArrayVisualizer\Bin directory. Occasionally, these files are not properly registered by the installation or become unregistered. To re-register any of these files, use the Microsoft Register Server utility (regsvr32.exe) that can be found in your windows\system directory. The syntax for using Regsvr32.exe is as follows: Regsvr32 [/u] [/s] file-name

29、运行Developer Studio或者Array Viewer出错时，查找提示出错的动态链接库，去掉只读属性

If you receive a message box on running Developer Studio or the Array Viewer that says: "The ordinal nnnn could not be located in the dynamic link library xxxx"

Search for the file "xxxx" on your system; most often it will be in your Windows system directory. If the file has the "Read-only" attribute set, remove the attribute and reinstall VF and/or the Array Viewer.

30、使用了ARRAY_VISUALIZER组件的程序必须在安装有ARRAY_VISUALIZER的机器上运行，否则可能会出错。

Programs that use the ARRAY_VISUALIZER attribute must be linked and run on systems that have the Array Visualizer installed. If the array visualizer is not installed and a link of a program using the ARRAY_VISUALIZER attribute is attempted, an unresolved reference will be reported. If a program using the ARRAY_VISUALIZER attribute is run on a system on which the array visualizer is not installed, the program will crash at run time.

31、PowerStation用源码中第一列的不同字符实现条件编译，但CVF已不支持。CVF提供了工具DLINES可直接转化PowerStation中的条件编译字符到CVF下

Conditional compilation with various letters in column 1 of fixed form source is a Microsoft Fortran PowerStation feature that is not supported by VF. VF provides a sample program called DLINES (under Samples\Advanced\COM) which will automatically convert PowerStation conditional compilation letter lines to the !DEC$ IF DEFINED form. This program is also an interesting example of using the COM interface to drive Developer Studio, which is used to actually do the editing.

32、文件FULLAPI.F90

The FULLAPI.F90 file. If the/winapp switch does not eliminate undefined globals from compiling a native windows application,try adding this file to your project or command line. FULLAPI.F90 contains library search directives for almost all needed libraries.

33、linker的查找问题

In the linker, the order that libraries are searched is the order in which the libraries are specified EXCEPT that the linker looks in the "current" library first. So, if your program references something in B.LIB and then it references F which is in both A and B, the linker will find the F in B.LIB even if A.LIB is specified on the link line first. If you specify /VERBOSE on the link command line, the linker will show you what it is doing.

34、在Developer Studio开发Fortran的一些已知的问题

?The /WARN:ERRORS Fortran compiler option is not always correctly carried forward when converting a project from V5 to V6.*. If you have set /WARN:ERRORS on a V5 project, you should check the setting after Developer Studio has converted the project to the V6 format and verify that /WARN:ERRORS remains set.

?When a Standard Graphics project is opened, the Fortran Libraries category does not correctly map the /libs:qwins from the Project Settings edit box to:

?This is an appearance problem only - /libs:qwins is used when the project is built. Changing the setting of "Use Fortran Run-Time Libraries:" to Standard Graphics results in an additional /libs:qwins appearing in the Project Settings edit box.

?The Fortran editor does not handle tab indents properly. This problem occurs when editing a fixed format source file and using tabs at the beginning of the line. When you have multiple tabs at the beginning of a line and press ENTER, the cursor is positioned to the same indent level as the previous line. However, when you type the first character on the new line, all but the first tab are deleted. Here are two workarounds:

1.Press Tab as the first character on the new line and then Backspace to delete it.

2.Select the Tools menu, Options item, Tabs tab. Select "Insert spaces" and set "Auto Indent" to None.

?Under Developer Studio, selecting AutoIndent with Tabs replaced by Spaces for editing Fortran sources (under the Tools->Options->Tabs page) does not work as expected. Using this combination will result with tabs randomly being inserted and incorrect indentation.

?If you install both Visual Fortran v6.* and Visual Fortran v5.0.A, 5.0.B, 5.0.C, or 5.0.D, when you select the "About..."

entry in the Help menu, both versions will display that they are the Visual Fortran v6.* version. This is a bug in the v5.0 version. Other information in the About box will identify the version as Developer Studio 97 (which is v5).

35、调试Developer Studio问题

?If you install both Visual Fortran v6.* and the Visual C++ 6.0 with the MSDN Library Visual Studio 6.0, selecting Contents, Search, and Index from the Developer Studio Help menu may display the MSDN documentation. In order to view the VF documentation:

o Use the "Online Documentation" icon in the "Visual Fortran 6" folder.

o Change the "Preferred collection" in Developer Studio; see the Tools menu, Options item, Help System tab.

?To use the Visual Studio 98 documentation, you need to have the version of HTML Help shipped with Visual Fortran v6.* installed on your computer. If you don't have a compatible version of HTML Help on your computer, and you open the Help system, you may get one of these messages:

?To fix the problem, copy the file, HHCTRL.OCX, from the ...\SUPPORT\HH\SYSTEM directory on the CD-ROM to your hard drive as follows:

?When you select "Build browse info file" in the Browse Info option page, Developer Studio may display the following message:

?For Fortran-only Developer Studio projects, check 'Generate Source Browse Information' on the Fortran page, General category. You do not need to set any C/C++ settings.

?When using the Source Browser in Developer Studio for browsing Fortran code, be sure to uncheck the "Case Sensitive" check box at the bottom of the "Browse" dialog box. This allows the Source Browser to find occurrences of Fortran symbols regardless of the case used in the sources.

?If you receive "Unexpected error returned by Array Visualizer" when attempting to view an array from the debugger, please try the following. From a command window, run:

?If the files created during a build appear to be out of date, and you are running Visual Fortran on Windows 95 or Windows 98 operating systems, there is a possibility that the timestamps on the files created during a build can be off by up to 2 seconds. With faster machines and performance improvements in the linker, this can cause the .OBJ files to have a later timestamp than the result of the linker. This makes some projects appear out-of-date after a build and thus Visual Fortran may incorrectly indicate that another link is needed. If you encounter this problem, you can work around it by adding a pre-link build rule to your project that takes 2 seconds or longer. Executing a console application that does a "CALL SLEEP(2)" will work fine.

?If you install Visual Fortran v6.* on a system with Visual C++ v5 please note the following concerning mixed-language programming with Fortran and C/C++. You will not be able to perform mixed Fortran v6 and C/C++ v5 programming in either environment. Note that if you also have Visual Fortran 5.0 installed on the system, then you can continue to perform mixed Fortran v5 and C/C++ v5 programming in the Visual Studio 97 environment. To

perform mixed Fortran v6 and C/C++ v5 programming, you will need compile your C/C++ code using Visual C++ v5, and then add the object files to your Visual Fortran v6.* project. This is done using the normal method of adding files to a project. The object files generated using Visual C++ v5 will be linked with your Fortran code. You will be able to debug your mixed language application from the Visual Fortran v6.* environment.

?If Developer Studio repeatedly aborts while attempting the same action with the same project, try moving the project.opt file out of the project directory. The project.opt file contains local cosmetic settings, which include information about the local organization and appearance of the project workspace using your hardware and configuration. A new project.opt file is created automatically when the workspace is opened and no project.opt file is found.

NOTE: this problem is frequently encountered when you are using a project which was created on a system with both Visual C++ and VF installed and have copied the project (including the project.opt file) to a system with only VF. The abort typically occurs when you start the debugger. This can also occur if your system has Visual C++ V5 and VF V5, and you upgrade to VF V6.*, but do not upgrade to Visual C++ V6 at the same time.

?If the screen flashes during builds or the wrong code page is used when debugging a console application, and you are using Windows 95, delete any of the following files from your computer:

?These files were used by Windows 3.x, and are not needed by Windows 95. If they are used while you are debugging a console application, the country settings associated with the PIF files will be used, and could result in the wrong code page being loaded. A result of their use on Windows 95 may be screen flashing during a build, if you have specified console windows to be full screen.

36、Developer Studio的局限之处:

?The following limitations exist in Fortran make files exported from Developer Studio:

1.The "CLEAN" target in the make file does not delete .PDB files created by the Fortran compiler.

2.NMAKE sometimes compiles the same file twice when the source contains a MODULE definition which is

USEd by other source files in the project.

?Fortran editor does not support the following Edit menu commands: List members, Type info, Parameter info, Complete word.

?Fortran editor syntax coloring has limitations. The syntax coloring in the Developer Studio editor cannot correctly color all valid Fortran source programs. In particular, white space is required around keywords in order for the editor to correctly recognize them. Also, keywords may be highlighted even when they are not being used as keywords in the source program.