The passive Voice 讲义

The Passive V oice（被动语态）讲义

一、定义

在英语中，语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语的关系。

英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。主动语态(active voice) 表示主语是动作的发出者；被动语态（passive voice）表示主语是动作的承受者（对象）。如：

(主语) (谓语) (宾语)

I bought a book. （主动语态）

(发出者) (动作) (承受着)

(主语) (谓语) (介词宾语))

A book was bought by me. （被动语态）

(承受者) (动作) (发出者)

二、将下面的主动语态的句子转换成被动语态

1. All of us like her.

2. We discussed the question.

3. We have to put off the meeting.

4. They may still clean the room without a rest until 7:00.

三、使用被动语态的情况

1. Many houses will be built here (by+宾语).

2. The song “Nobody” is sung by Wonder Girls.

3. The plan was supported by those who wished to have more chances to speak English.

4. You are requested to attend the meeting (by+宾语).

四、时态与语态结合

1. 要求：时态在前，语态在后

2. 合并规则：利用加法的结合律。

分别写出时态和语态的基本结构（不足用零补），根据两头不变并中间的规则导出。

例如：一般现在时的被动语态

is

am + done

are

3. 请根据以上规则写出其他几种时态的被动语态结构：

Present Continuous Tense ______________________ Simple Future Tense_______________________

Simple Past Tense___________________________ Past Continuous Tense_____________________

Present Perfect Tense__________________________

五、Change the following sentences into the Passive. Pay attention to the tenses.

1. Stress is affecting my health.

2. They are moving people out of the houses.

3. He has already invented the mini-helicopter.

4. They have put out the forest fire.

5. He was repairing the car when I got there.

6. They were decorating the house when the accident happened.

7. In the Mid-Autumn Festival, people will eat kinds of moon cakes. 8. we are going to do the tests next week.