ETTBL商务英语中级笔译试题

中级笔译试题及答案

Part I Translate the following sentences into Chinese. （10%）

1.The policies open to developing countries are more limited than for

industrialized nations because the poorer economies respond less to changing conditions and administrative control.

2.Price changes play a major role in a market economy. When demand for a

product or service is greater than the supply available, buyers bid the price up. If costs remain the same per unit sold, the higher price leads to greater profits and an incentive to invest in resources to produce even greater

quantities of the product.

3.With direct aid, credit lines and reasonable contracts, China has helped

African nations build infrastructure projects in record time – bridges, roads, schools, hospitals, dams, legislative buildings, stadiums and airports. In many African nations, including Senegal, improvements in infrastructure have

played important roles in stimulating economic growth.

4.An epic——"Warm 2008"——praising disaster-relief efforts, was penned

by leading poets to boost national morale. It was expressively recited and movingly performed by famous artists, TV anchors and entertainment stars.

5.The need to produce goods and services at quality levels previously thought

impossible to obtain in mass production and the spreading use of

participatory management techniques will require a work force with much higher levels of education and skills.

第一部分

英译汉

1．由于贫穷国家的经济对形势变化的适应能力差一些，政府对这种经济的控制作用也小一些，所以发展中国家所能采取的封册比起工业户国家来就有局限性。

2．在市场经济里, 价格的变动起着重要作用。当某一种产品或劳务的需求量大于可供量时，买主们会把价格抬高。如果售出产品的单位成本不变，价格越高则利润越大，同时对资源投资也会起刺激作用，使更多的产品能被制造出来。

3．通过直接援助、贷款及合理的合同，中国帮助非洲国家在极短的时间里建设了大量基础设施项目——桥梁、公路、学校、医院、大坝、议会大楼、体育馆及飞机场。在包括塞内加尔在内的很多非洲国家，基础设施的改善在刺激经济增长方面起到了重要作用。

4．今年春节正值我国南方雪灾之际，因此“春晚”加入了抗雪赈灾环节。其中，由众多影视和娱乐明星表演的诗歌朗诵节目《温暖2008》观众评价很高，为今年春晚最感人的节目。

5. 过去人们认为在批量生产和参与性管理模式中无法保证产品和服务的质量，

而提供优质产品和服务的需求在客观上要求具有更高教育素质和专门技术的劳动者。

Translate the following sentences into English. （10%）

1. 随着中国经济实力的增强和对外开放水平的提高，我们将推动中国企业“走

出去”，更好地利用国际国内两种资源、两个市场，使“引进来”和“走出去”实现相互统一、相互结合。

2. 国内贸易通常不会有语言障碍、关税限制，不会因贸易法规的不同产生壁垒，

而国际贸易往往会受到这些因素的极大制约。

3. 国外客户既是原料或零件的出口者，又是制成品的进口者；而中国企业则是

原料零件的进口者，又是制成品的出口者。

4. 如果以虚伪、不诚实的方式为人处世，也许能获得暂时的“成功”，但从长远

看，他最终是个失败者。这种人就像山上的水，刚开始的时候，是高高在上，但逐渐逐渐地它就越来越下降，再没有一个上升的机会。

5. 对最安全城市的评选，主要考虑社会、经济和生态的发展方面，香港在这项评

选中以0.849分(总分1分)名列第一。此外，城市的犯罪率、金融政策的稳定性、政府的权威、工伤事故发生率、食品安全及污染状况等因素也被考虑在内。

汉译英

1. With the strengthening of China’s economic power and the deepening of its

opening up, we will encourage Chinese enterprises to go global, better utilize international and domestic resources and markets, and realize the

integration of ―attracting foreign investment‖ and ―going global‖.

2. Trade within a country is ordinarily free of the obstructions of strange

language, customs, and commercial laws, but these obstructions may be

greatly involved in international trade.

3. The foreign client is both the exporter of materials or parts and the

importer of finished products, and the Chinese enterprise is both the

importer of materials or parts and the exporter of finished products.

4. If we bear ourselves in a deceptive and dishonest way, we may succeed

temporarily. However, from the long-term view, we will be a loser. Such kind of people are just like the water on the mountain. It stands high above the

masses at the beginning, but gradually it comes down inch by inch and loses the chance of going up.

5. In the voting for the safest city, which assessed the social, economic and

ecological development, Hong Kong came first with 0.849 points out of one.

In this category, the cities' crime rates, stability of financial policies,

authority of the government, industrial accident rate, food safety and

pollution situation, were considered.

Part II. Translate the following passages into Chinese. （40%）

Passage 1

Dear Sirs,

We are pleased to announce that we intend to intensify our activities in your country. It is our serious and keen interest to realize such a development for our mutual benefit.

We are a trading company involved in import and export business throughout the world. We belong to a group of companies established during the turn of 20th century. The attached statement will give you some more information which will surely be helpful to open business relations between us.

Within the activities of the company we have recently established a new department under the management of Mr. Wang Ping who has long experience in the Far East Trade since 1995. This department is mainly interested in the import of products from your country especially in:

native produce and animal by-products

for the foodstuffs and chemical industry

raw materials and semi-finished products

chemicals/pharmaceutical raw materials

minerals and essential oils

However, we will be also active in export of chemicals and we invite your inquiries.

We seriously hope that a voluminous and continuous business might be established and please rest assured that we are always doing our utmost to realize a good business relationship with you.

We would be very pleased to be of service to you and hope to submit to you our inquiries soon.

Yours faithfully,

Passage 1

敬启者：

我们很高兴地告知，我们打算在你们国家加强我们的业务活动，实现这样一个互利的发展是我们殷切的希望。

我们是一家在世界范围内经营进出口业务的贸易公司。我们隶属于一家20世纪初成立的集团公司。随函寄去一份报表将向您提供更多的信息，相信它将会对于开展我们之间的贸易关系有所帮助。

我们最近成立了以王平为领导的新的部门，此人从1995年以来就有在远东长期的贸易经验。该部门主要是从贵国进口下列商品：

——土畜产品

——食品和化工产品

——原材料和半成品

——化工或医药原料

——矿产品和香料油

当然，我们还将积极出口化工品并欢迎你们的询盘。

我们真诚地希望广泛的和持久的贸易能够建立，而且请相信我们将尽最大努力以实现你我之间友好的业务关系。

我们将很高兴地为您服务并在将来向您递交询盘。

诚挚问候

Passage 2

In international trade, ways of settling disputes are many. The courts are the most visible and familiar vehicles for dispute settlement, but most disputes are, and should be, settled by consultation, mediation or arbitration. The fees of lawyers have increased, the trial themselves have become much more time-consuming, which involves the time of both business people and lawyers. Settlement of disputes through negotiation is, therefore, even more attractive than going to the court. It would be better for the business people to settle the disputes by themselves through friendly negotiation. However, many attorneys are skilled negotiators, therefore, having a competent third party to speak as an intermediary is often more effective than speaking for oneself.

A voluntary process that is sometimes used when negotiation seems to be failing is mediation. The parties to the dispute choose a third party to assist them in settling it. The mediator often tries first to communicate the position of the parties to each other, and then usually proposes a basis or several bases for settlement. A negotiation merely facilitates negotiation, no award or opinion or the merits of the disputes are given. Mediation is especially useful in situations where the parties have some continuing relationship, because it allows them to compromise and to reach a solution themselves. Arbitration is another widely

used alternative to settling disputes. Arbitration differs from mediation in that the third party to whom the dispute is submitted decides the outcome. Arbitration is often provided

for in a contract, parties who have not so provided can choose to have their dispute arbitrated after it has arisen. There are many advantages claimed for arbitration over a court trial.

Passage2

译文：

在国际贸易当中，解决争议的办法有很多，大家熟悉的就是将争议提交司法机关审理，但大多数争议却是（也应该是）通过协商、调解或仲裁解决。诉讼浪费时间并且费用也比较高。聘请律师的费用也在增加，而审理过程本身也需要花费当事人和律师更多的时间。因此，通过协商解决纠纷要对簿公堂更受欢迎。对当事人来说，更好的方式就是通过友好协商自行解决纠纷。但是，由于许多律师本人就是谈判高手，所以让一个强劲的第三方介入当中间人往往比本人亲自出马效果更佳！

于是，当协商可能不起作用时，调解这种程序就自动派上了用场，于是纠纷双方就选择调节者来帮助他们解决纠纷。调解者往往首先努力向双方传达彼此的立场，然后通常才会提出一套或几套解决方案。调解者只能推进协商，而不能就纠纷本身给出褒贬或发表看法。调解尤其适用于当纠纷双方有长期合作关系的情况下，因为它使得纠纷双方能够互相让步来解决争端。争议最好通过友好协商或第三方调解解决。第三方协调解决一般比自己解决更为有效。如果协商不能解决时就通过调节的方式解决。调解员只是促成双方协商解决，不对争议做任何评论或裁决。目前，在国际贸易当中广泛使用的另一种解决争议的方法就是仲裁。与调解不同，仲裁则对争议做出裁决。如果希望通过仲裁解决争议一般由合同当事人于争议发生前、在合同中订立仲裁条款，或在争议发生后经双方同意后提交仲裁。同诉讼相比，仲裁有许多优点。

Translate the following passages into English. （40%）

Passage 1

预测通常是危险的。但我们似乎可以非常有把握地认为，由于人类天生的旅游欲望越来越容易得到满足，而假日又能够满足人们的如此之多的需求，旅游的重要性在未来不会降低。据预测，在未来的20年里，不仅旅游人数会越来越多，旅游业的就业人数以及把旅游业当成重要产业的国家或地区的数量也会有所增加。对旅游业负面影响的认识虽然更深刻了，但这既没有阻止这种绝对增长，也没有阻碍新的旅游企业进入市场。

到2007年，全球旅游业的就业人数预计增长46%。世界旅游组织预测到2020年国际游客人数将是1996年的3倍，即每年将有16亿（美国）游客出国旅游。他们的旅游消费可能会超过2万亿美元。根据WTO预测，到那时，德国、美国、

意大利、日本和英国仍将是世界上主要旅游大国，但是中国（第四位）和俄罗斯（第九位）也会加入这一行列。再有，根据预测，中国将成为世界上最主要的旅游地。

第二部分

PartⅢ

Passage 1

Prediction is always dangerous. But it seems safe enough to suggest that, since the natural urge to travel is increasingly easy to satisfy, and as holidays can meet so many needs, tourism will not become less important in the future. Not only are the numbers of people traveling forecast to grow over the next twenty years, the numbers of people employed in the tourism industry and the number of countries or regions joining those for whom the industry is already important are also expected to increase. Greater awareness of tourism’s negative impacts has done nothing to stop absolute growth, nor to discourage new entrants to the market.

By 2007，worldwide employment in tourism is expected to grow by 46 per cent. By 2020 the World Tourism Organization is forecasting a threefold growth in international travelers over 1996, estimating that 1.6 billion tourists will be visiting foreign countries annually. Receipts from their travel are expected to exceed $2 trillion. While Germany, the USA, Italy, Japan and the UK will still be among the world’s top generating markets by this time, they will have been joined by China (in fourth place) and Russia (in ninth) according to the WTO. Moreover, China, it is predicted, will be the world’s top destination.

Passage2

有些人认为微软在互联网世界里崭露锋芒，锐意发展是由于比尔·盖茨的个人野心。简而言之，这种想法很荒谬。在1990年，微软季度销售额要增加38%，需要增加九千万的收入，而在1995年，要达到同样比例的季度销售增幅，收益需要增加九亿美元。现在，收益的增加标准越提越高。新的商机来自何处？规模化经营？还是降低成本？这些都是无稽之谈。新的商机只能来自于领导市场、受顾客欢迎的产品。即使要保持收支平衡，微软也要至少每天创造1,500万美元的收益。如果没有高速度和充分的想象力，它只有死路一条。

另外，信息技术的发展使得这些产品更容易被顾客捕捉到。信息就是力量，而技术的发展使得获取信息变得民主化和全球化。因此，各种组织机构将再也不

能扶植那些美化等级特权并阻止信息交流的工作体系了。在未来学家所描绘的世界里，经济是建立在沙子、玻璃和空气的基础上的。沙子即指制造芯片的硅。

Passage 2

Some argue that Microsoft’s new, slashing, aggressive move into the world of Internet is due primarily to Bill Gates’ ego. In a word, that’s absurd. In 1990, Microsoft achieved a 38 percent quarterly sales boost by adding $90 million to its top line in 1995, that same 38 percent standard required Microsoft to generate $800 million in new business. Today, the bar is raised even higher. Where’s the new business coming from? Economies of scale? Cost reductions? Rubbish. It has to come from market-leading, customer-pleasing products. Microsoft has to generate at least $15 million a day just to break even. Without heaps of speed and imagination, it’s dead.

…… Information is power, and technology democratizes and universalizes the availability of information. Hence, organizations will no longer be able to subsidize processes and jobs that glorify hierarchical control but turn off the spigot on knowledge-flow. A futurist describes a world where the economy is based on sand, glass and air. Sand is the silicon used to make microchips.