Lesson 60 Too early and too late

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Lesson 60 Too early and too late

I．词汇精讲

1.punctuality n. 准时[U]

punctual: adj. 准时的

2.rural adj. 农村的 [反]urban

3.disregard v. 不顾，无视

dis-否定前缀

re-again

-gard watch

= ignore

eg. Mark totally disregarded my advice.

4.intellectual n. 知识分子

intel between

lect choose, read(lecture)

ual形容词后缀

adj. 智商高的，有知识的

eg. She’s very intellectual.

intellectual property right 知识产权

5.abstruse adj. 深奥的

abs-away

truse trude=push

6.coordinate v. 协调

co- together

-ordi order

-ate 动词后缀

eg. A new manager came to coordinate the work of the whole team.

I couldn’t get my brain to function or coordinate my muscles.

7.reproach v. 责备（比blame语气更强）

reproach sb. for... 因为……责备某人

reprimand 比reproach更严厉的责备

eg. He argued that the reproach was unfair.

8.puncture v. 刺破（轮胎）

a punctured tyre 爆胎了

9.diversion n. 改道，绕道；分散注意力

divert: v. 转向

eg. We made a short diversion to go and visit the castle.

Two prisioners created a diversion to give the men time to escape.

n. 休闲活动

eg. There’re many diversions in the town. 在城里休闲活动是非常多的。

10.trial n.讨厌的事、人

be a trial to sb. 让某人讨厌

eg. He was a trial to his parents when he was young.

My brothers and I were always a real trial to my parents.

11.fraction n. 很小一点儿

a small/ large fraction of ....

a fraction of a minute

12.flourish n.挥舞

v. （花）盛开，繁荣；挥动

eg. Business is flouring in this company.

Plants flourish in my garden.

He rushed into the room, flousing the newspaper.

n. 挥舞，打手势

with a flourish

He opened his wallet with a flousih and took out a handful of notes.

13.microscopic adj. 微小的

14.adament adj. 坚定的，不动摇的= detemined

eg. She begged me for several hours, but I stayed adamant.

II. Text

Punctuality is a necessary habit in all public affairs in civilized society. Without it, nothing could ever be brought to a conclusion; everything would be in state of chaos. Only in a sparely-populated rural community is it possible to disregard it.In ordinary living, there can be some tolerance of unpunctuality. The intellectual, who is working on some abstruse problem, has everything coordinated and organized for the matter in hand. He is therefore forgiven if late for a dinner party.But people are often reproached for unpunctuality when their only fault is cutting things fine. It is hard for energetic, qucik-minded people to waste time, so they are often tempted to finish a job before setting out to keep an appointment.If no accidents occur on the way, like punctured tires, diverstions of traffic, sudden descent of fog, they will be on time. They are often more industrious, useful citizens than those who are never late.They over-punctual can be as mush a trial to others as the unpunctual. The guest who arrives half an hour too soon is the greatest nuisance. Some friends of my family had this irritating habit.The only thing to do was ask them to come half an hour late than the other guests. Then they arrived just when we wanted them.

If you are catching a train, it is always better to be comfortably early then even a fraction of a minute too late.Although being early may mean wasting a lilttle time, this will be less than if you miss the train and have to wait an hour or more for the next one; and you avoid the frustration of arriving at the very moment when the train is drawing out of the station and being unable to get on it.

An even harder situation is to be on the platform in good time for a train and still to see it go off without you. Such an experience befell a certain young girl the first time she was travelling alone.

She entered the station twenty minutes before the train was due, since her parents had impressed upon her that it would be unforgivable to miss it and cause the friends with whome she was going to stay to make two journeys to meet her.She gave her luggage to a porter and showed him her ticket. To her horor he said that she was two hours too soom. She felt in her handbag for the piece of paper on which her father had written down all the details of the journey and gave it to the porter.He agreed that a train did come into the station at the time on the paper and that did stop, but only to take on mail, not passenagers. The girl asked to see a timetable, feeling sure that her father could not have made such a mistake.The porter went to fetch one and arrived back with the station master, who produced it with a flourish and pointed out a micros copic ‘o’ beside the time of the arrival of the train at his station;

this little ‘o’ indicated that the train only stopped for mail.Just as that moment that train came into the station. The girl, tears streaming down her face, begged to be allowed to slip into the guard’s van.But the station master was adamant: rules couold not be broken and she had to watch that train disappear towards her destination while she was left behind.

III文章解析

1． Punctuality is necessary habit in all public affairs in civilized society.

译文：准时是文明社会中进行一切社交活动时必须养成的习惯。

2. Without it, nothing could ever be brought to a conclusion;everything would be in state

of chaos.

译文：不准时将一事无成，事事都会陷入混乱不堪的境地。

be brought to a conclusion 被完成

in a state of chaos 处于混乱之中

3. Only in a sparely-populated rural community is it possible to disregard it.

译文：只有在人口稀少的农村，才可以忽视准时的习惯。

only 置于句首，后面倒装

sparsely-populated 人口稀少

4. In ordinary living, there can be some tolerance of unpunctualiy.

译文：在日常生活中人们可以容忍一定程序的不准时。

there be 句型

5. The intellectual, who is working on some abstruse problem, has everything coordinated and organized for the matter in hand.

译文：一个专心钻研某个复杂问题的知识分子，为了搞好手头的研究，要把一切都协调一致、组织周密。

have sth. done 使某事……

6. He is therefore forgiven if late for a dinner party.

译文：因此，他要是赴宴迟到了会得到谅解。

7. But people are often reproached for unpunctuality when their only fault is cutting things fine.

译文：但有些人不准时常常是因为掐钟点所致，他们常常会受到责备。

cut things fine 把时间安排地不留余地

8. It is hard for energetic, quick-minded people to waste time, so they are often tempted to finsh a job before setting out to keep an appointment.

译文：精力充沛、头脑敏捷的人极不愿意浪费时间，因此他们常想做完一件事后再去赴约。

9. If no accidents occur on the way, like punctured tyres, diversions of traffic, sudden descent of fog, they will be on time

译文：要是路上没有发生如爆胎、改道、突然起雾等意外事故，他们是决不会迟到的。

10. They are often more industrious, useful citizens than those who are never late.

译文：他们与那些从不迟到的人相比，常常是更勤奋有用的公民。

11. The over-punctual can be as much a trail to others as the unpunctual.

译文：早到的人同迟到的人一样令人讨厌。

12. The guest who arrives half an hour too soon is the greatest nuisance.

译文：客人提前半小时到达是最令人讨厌的。

13. Some friends of my family had this irritating habit.

译文：我家有几个朋友就有这种令人恼火的习惯。

14. The ony thing to do was ask them to come half an hour later than the other guests.

译文：唯一的办法就是请他们比别的客人晚来半个小时。

15. Then they arrived just when we wanted them.

译文：这样，他们可以恰好在我们要求的时间到达。

2-1 If you are catching a train, it is always better to be comfortably early than even a traction of a minute too late.

译文：如果赶火车，早到总比晚到好，哪怕早到一会儿也好。

2-2 Although being early may mean wasting a little time, this will be less than if you miss the train and have to wait an hour or more for the next one;and you avoid the frustration of arriving at the very moment when the train is drawing out of the station and being unable to get on it.

译文：虽然早到可能意味着浪费一点时间，但这比误了火车、等一个多小时坐下一班车浪费的时间要少，而且可以避免那种正好在火车驶出站时赶到车站，因上不去车厢感到的沮丧。

2-4 An even harder situation is to be on the platform in good time for a train and still to see it go off without you.

译文：更难堪的情况是虽然及时赶到站台睛，却眼睁睁地看着那趟火车启动，把你抛下。

In good time 适当地，及时地

2-5 Such an experience befall a certain young girl the first time she was travelling alone.

译文：一个小姑娘第一次单独出门就碰到了这种情况。

Befall : v. 降临= happen

3-1 She entered that station twenty minutes before the train was due, since her parents had impressed upon her that it would be unforgivable to miss it and cause the friends with whom she was going to stay to make two journeys to meet her.

译文：在火车进站20分钟前她就进了车站。因为她的父母再三跟她说，如果误了这趟车，她的东道主朋友就得接她两趟，这是不应该的。

impress upon sb. Sth. 向某人强调某事的重要性

3-2 She gave her luggage to a porter and showed him her ticket.

译文：她把行李交给搬运工并给他看了车票。

3-3 To her horror he said that she was two hours too soon.She felt in her handbag for the piece of paper on which her father had written down all the details of the journey and gave it to the porter.

译文：搬运工说好早到了两个小时，她听后大吃一惊。她从钱包里摸出一张纸条，那上面有她父亲对这次旅行的详细说明，她把这张纸条交给了搬运工。

feel for sth. 用手摸（寻找）

3-4 He agreed that a train did come into the station at the time on the paper and that it did stop, but only to take on mail, not passengers.

译文：搬运工说，正如纸条上所说，确有一趟火车在那个时刻到站，但它只停站装邮件，不载旅客。

take on 装载

Eg. The train took on many passengers.

We stopped on he motorway to take on fuel.

3-5 The girl asked to see a timetable, feeling sure that her father could not have made such a mistake.

译文：姑娘要求看时刻表，因为她相信父亲不能把这么大的事情给弄错。

could have done sth. 对于过去的推测

3-6 The porter went to fetch one and arrived back with the station master, who produced it with a flourish and pointed out a microscopic ‘o’ beside the time of the arrival of the train at his station;

译文：搬运工跑回去取时刻表，同时请来了站长。站长拿着时刻表一挥手，指着那趟列车到站时刻旁边的一个很小的圆圈标记。

produce = show

3-7 This little ‘o’ indicated that the train only stopped for mail.

译文：这个标记表示列车是为了装邮件而停车。

3-8 Just as that moment the train came into the station.

译文：正在这时，火车进站了。

3-9 The girl, tears streaming down her face, begged to be allowed to slip into the guard’s van.

译文：女孩泪流满面，央求让她不声不响地到押车员车厢里去算了。

3-10 But the station master was adamant: rules could not be broken and she had to watch that train disappear towards her destination while she was left behind.

译文：但站长态度坚决，规章制度不能破坏，姑娘只得眼看着那趟火车消逝在她要去的方向而撇下了她。

练习：

6.Most plants will ________ in the rich deep soils here.

A. flourish

B. flutter

C. flash

D. flush

7.At the border you will be asked your ______ and how long you plan to stay.

A. determination

B. deliberation

C. deduction

D. destination

8.It’s an organization of writers, artists and ______, who come together to discuss their ideas.

A. insurgents

B. intelligence

C. intellectuals

D. intelligent

9.The lawyer advised him to drop the ______, since he stands little chance to win.

A. event

B. affair

C. incident

D. case

10.The new appointment of our president _____ from the very beginning of next semester.

A. takes turns

B. takes place

C. takes part in

D. takes effect

解析：

6.答案：floursih 译文：大多数植物会在这肥沃的土壤里茁壮成长。

A. flourish v. 繁荣，昌盛；

B. flutter v. 摆动；烦扰

C. flash v. 闪过，略过

D. flushv. 冲洗

7. 答案：destination 译文：在边境，有人会问你要去哪里，准备待多久。

A. determination n. 目的地，终点

B. deliberation n.故意

C. deduction n.推论

D. destination n.确定，决心

8. 答案：intellectuals 译文：这是一个组织，作家，艺术家和知识分子们相聚在一起，交流想法。

A. insurgent adj. 叛乱的，起义的

B. intelligence n.智能，智慧

C. intellectuals n.知识分子

D. intelligent adj. 聪明的

9. 答案：case 译文：律师劝他撤回这个案子，因为他胜诉的可能性很小。

解析：题目中四个选项都有“事件。事情”的意思；但是根据题意，律师劝他撤回某种东西，所以应该

选能够表达“案件”的case.

10. 答案：takes effect 译文：我们对新校长的任命从下学期初生效。

take effect 生效，见效；takes part in 加入

takes place 发生takes turns 轮流，依次；

IV. 重点拓展

时间的表达方式：替代 late & early

1) The over-punctaul can be as much as trial to others as the unpunctual.

2) The guest who arrives half an hour too soon is the greatest nuisance.

3) An even harder situation is to be on the platform in good time for a train and still to

see it go off without you.

4) If you are catching a train, it is always better to be comfortabley early than even a fraction

of a minutes too late.

v. 实用口语

Never put off till tomorrow. 今日事今日毕

-Have you finished your composition?

-No, but I can do it tomorrow.

-Never put off till tomorrow.

do-it-nower指有事立马去做的人[反]postponer 做事拖拖拉拉的人

练习3

11.The young couple is _______ in their own factory.

A. industrious

B. industrial

C. indugle

D. individual

12. He seems to be _______ enough to climb to the mountain top in an hour.

A.radiant

B. conspicuous

C. conscientious

D. energetic

13.The boy’s foolish question ______ his mother who was busy with housework and had no interest in talking.

A.stimulated

B. fascinated

C. irritated

D. intrigued.

14._______, we couldn’t get in touch with her.

A. Being known her address

B. Knowing not her address

C. Not knowing her address

D. Not to know her address

15.The incident ____ his pride. （刺破）

答案解析：

1.答案：industrious

解析：industrious adj. 勤勉的；刻苦的；

indulge v.放纵，溺

industrial adj.工业的;

individual adj.个别的

2.答案：energetic

解析：energetic adj. 精力充沛的；

conspicuous adj.显眼的

conscientious adj.认真勤恳的；

radiant adj.发光的

3.答案：irritated

解析：irritate v.激怒；

fascinate v.使着迷

intrigue v.激起……的兴趣

stimulate v.刺激

4.答案：Not knowing her address

解析：此处考察现在分词作原因状语的用法；

由于knowing和get in的主语是一致的，且know这个动作和主语we是动宾关系，所以用主动形式，选用现在分词；

译文：由于不知道她的地址，我们联系不上她。

VI. 歌曲推荐 The Band Perry 《If I Die Young》

If I Die Young

The Band Perry If I die young bury me in satin

Lay me down on a bed of roses

Sink me in the river at dawn

Send me away with the words of a love song oh oh oh oh

Lord make me a rainbow, I'll shine down on my mother

She'll know I'm safe with you

When she stands under my colors

Oh and life ain't always what you think it ought to be, no

Ain't even grey, but she buries her baby

The sharp knife of a short life, well

I’ve had just enough time

If I die young bury me in satin

Lay me down on a bed of roses

Sink me in the river at dawn

Send me away with the words of a love song

The sharp knife of a short life, well I’ve had just enough time

And I’ll be wearing white when I come into your kingdom

I’m as green as the ring on my little cold finger I've never known the lovin' of a man

But it sure felt nice when he was holding my hand

There's a boy here in town says he'll love me forever

Who would have thought forever could be severed by

The sharp knife of a short life, well

I've had just enough time

So put on your best boys and I'll wear my pearls

What I never did is done

A penny for my thoughts, oh no I'll sell them for a dollar

pearls They're worth s o much more after I’m a goner

And maybe then you'll hear the words I been

singin’

Funny when you're dead how people start

listenin’

If I die young bury me in satin

Lay me down on a bed of roses

Sink me in the river at dawn

Send me away with the words of a love song

Oh oh

The ballad of a dove

Go with peace and love

Gather up your tears, keep 'em in your pocket

Save them for a time when your really gonna

need 'em oh

The sharp knife of a short life, well

I've had just enough time

So put on your best boys and I'll wear my