武汉大学研究生英语英汉互译全部内容
汉译英
1、走社会主义道路，就是要逐步实现共同富裕。共同富裕的构想是这样的：一部分地区有条件先发展起来，一部分地区发展慢点，先发展起来的地区带动后发展的地区，最终达到共同富裕……解决的办法之一，就是先富起来的地区多交点利税，支持贫困地区的发展。
翻译：To take the road of socialism is to realize common prosperity step by step. Our plan is as follow: where conditions permit, some areas may develop faster than others; those that develop faster can help promote the progress of those that lag behind, until all become prosperous… One way is for the areas that become prosperous first to support the poor ones by paying more taxes or turning in more profits to the state.
2、要提倡科学，靠科学才有希望。
翻译：We must promote science, for that is where our hope lies.
3、现阶段中国已经实现了粮食基本自给，在未来的发展过程中，中国依靠自己的力量实现粮食基本自给，客观上具备诸多有利因素
翻译：China has basically achieved self-sufficiency in grain at the present stage, and there are many favorable objective factors for her to maintain such achievement by her own efforts in the course of future development.
4、社会主义中国应该用实践向世界表明，中国反对霸权主义、强权政治，永不称霸。
翻译：Socialist China should show the world through its actions that it is opposed to hegemonism （霸权主义）and power politics and will never seek hegemony.
5、老科学家、中年科学家很重要，青年科学家也很重要。
翻译：Veteran and middle-aged scientists are important, and so are young ones.
6、革命是解放生产力，改革也是解放生产力。
翻译：Revolution means emancipation（解放）of the productive forces, and so does reform. 7、将右腿提放20次。再将左腿提放二十次。
翻译：Lift and lower the right leg for 20 times. Repeat with the left leg.
8、世界在观望。世界在倾听。世界希望看到我们的所作所为。
翻译：The world watches. The world listens. The world waits to see what we will do.
9、过去，只讲在社会主义条件下发展生产力，没有讲还要通过改革解放生产力，不完全。应该把解放生产力和发展生产力两个讲全了。
翻译：In the past, we only stressed expansion of the productive forces under socialism, without mentioning the need to liberate them through reform. That conception was incomplete. Both the liberation and the expansion of the productive forces are essential.
10、这样好嘛，就是要有创造性。
翻译：That’s good. Creativity is just what we want.
11、对改革开放，一开始就有不同意见，这是正常的。
翻译：In the beginning opinions were divided about the reform and the open policy. That was normal.
12、同时，我们的对外开放采取了多种方式，包括搞经济特区，开放十四个沿海城市。
翻译：In the meantime, we have implemented the policy of opening China to the outside world in many ways, including setting up special economic zones and opening 14 coastal cities.
13、改革开放迈不开步子，不敢闯，说来说去就是怕资本主义的东西多了，走了资本主义道路。要害是姓“资”还是姓“社”的问题。
翻译：The reason some people hesitate to carry out the reform and the open policy and dare not break new ground is, in essence（本质上）, that they are afraid it would mean introducing too
many elements of capitalism and, indeed(甚至), taking the capitalist road. The crux（关键）of the matter is whether the road is capitalist or socialist.
14、社会主义发展生产力，成果是属于人民的。
翻译：Under socialism, when the productive forces are developed, the result belongs to the people. 15、基本路线要管一百年，动摇不得。
翻译：We should adhere to the basic line for a hundred years, with no vacillation(踌躇，不果断).
16、我们的第一个目标是解决温饱问题，这个目标已经达到了。
翻译：Our first objective was to solve the problem of food and clothing, which we have now done.
17、过去我们搬用别国的模式，结果阻碍了生产力的发展，在思想上导致僵化，妨碍人民和基层积极性的发挥。
翻译：We used to copy foreign models mechanically, which only hampered the development of our productive forces, induced ideological rigidly and kept the people and grassroots units from taking any initiative.
18、没有人好生照顾的话，花草自然要枯萎。
翻译：Flowers will pine away(枯萎) when they are not cared for.
19、中国与东盟各国或山水相连，或隔海相望，在悠久的交往中，人民之间形成了深厚的传统友谊。
翻译：Joined together by mountains and rivers or facing with other across the sea, China and ASEAN countries have developed a profound traditional friendship among the people in the course of their age-old contacts and exchanges.
20、我们正处在世纪之交的重要历史时刻，应该以长远的战略眼光审视和处理双方关系，建立中国与东盟面向二十一世纪的睦邻互信伙伴关系。
翻译：At this important historical juncture on the eve of the new century, we should approach and handle our bilateral relations(双边关系) from a long-range strategic perspective and forge a Chinese-ASEAN good-neighborly partnership of mutual trust oriented to the 21st century.
21、一连十天没下雨。
翻译：We haven’t got a drop of rain for a good ten days.
22、恐怕周末前要变天。
翻译：I am afraid that we are in for a change of weather before the weekend.
23、虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后。
翻译：Modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind.
24、我国社会主义工业化的建设及其成就，正在日益促进他们的这种积极性。
翻译：Their enthusiasm is being constantly heightened by China’s socialist industrialization and its achievement.
25、会谈中，双方集中讨论了保护知识产权方面的问题。
翻译：During the talks, their discussion has been centered around protection of intellectual property rights.
26、孩子们看电视过多会大大的损伤视力。
翻译：Too much exposure to TV program will do great harm to the eyesight of children.
27、由于我们实行了改革开放政策，我国的综合国力有了明显的增强。
翻译：Thanks to the introduction of our reform and opening policy, our comprehensive national strength has greatly improved.
28、我完全赞成你的意见。
翻译：I’m all for your opinion.
29、作者在文章中，对人类疏忽自身环境作了批评。
翻译：In his article the author is critical of man’s negligence toward his environment.
30、学生们都应该德、智、体全面发展。
翻译：All the students should develop morally, intellectually, physically.
31、这架波音747飞机起飞了，机上载有347名乘客。
翻译：The Boeing 747 took off with 347 passengers on board.
32、因为他滥用职权，他严重损害了自己在下属面前的形象。
翻译：Abuse of power seriously damaged his image among his subordinates.
33、即使是最好的厨师，有时又有做不好的菜。翻译：The best cook sometimes makes bad dishes. 34、江山易改，本性难移。翻译：You can never scare a dog away from a greasy hide.
35、这家商店里的商品品种多、花色全、样式新。
翻译：The commodities in this store are great in variety, new in style, and their design and color are rich.
36、他不明白人生的意义。
翻译：He doesn’t know what life means to him.
37、济南地段的黄河，夏天河面宽，水流急，泥沙沉淀淤积，河床逐年加高，水位高出地面十多米。
翻译：The Yellow River at Jinan is wide and turbulent in summer. With years of precipitation and deposition of silt, its bed has become higher and higher so that its average water level is about 10 meters above the ground.
38、七股大水，从水库的桥孔跃出，仿佛七幅闪光黄锦，直扑下去，碰着嶙峋的乱石，激起一片雪白水珠，脱线一般，撒在洄漩的水面。
翻译：Seven torrents were rushing through the archways of the bridge like seven glittering rolls of cloth of gold cascading on to the jagged rocks below and scattering snow-white bubbles like a string of broken beads on the swirling water.
39、我们的三个孩子是在接受了8年到11年左右的华文教育后，才转入英文源流学校，对此我们感到非常的欣慰。
翻译：We are gratified that our three children had between 8 and 11 years’Chinese schooling before switching over to English medium schools.
40、期望大学毕业生即使在竞争激烈的时代中也要活得正直，彬彬有礼，富有爱心是否要求过高了？
翻译：Is it too much to expect that, even in this hard-edged, competitive age, a college graduate will live with integrity, civility————even compassion?
41、嘴甜心苦，两面三刀，上头笑着，脚底下使绊子，明是一盆火，暗是一把刀，她全占了。翻译：She will give you sweet talk when there is hatred（憎恨，怨恨）in her heart, she is so double-faced and tricky. All the time she is smiling she tries to trip you up, making a show of great warmth while she stabs you in the back. That’s the way she is.
42、任务虽然艰巨，可是我们还是想办法完成了。
翻译：It was a difficult task, but we managed to accomplish it.
43、如果样样抓，一样也抓不到。
翻译：Grasp all, lose all.
44、任何一个人，如果不努力学习新东西，都会被时代所淘汰。
翻译：Any person who fails to master new things will be left behind the times.
45、他患了严重的急性肺炎之后，就奉命退伍了。
翻译：He was invalided out of the army because of a nasty attack of acute pneumonia.
46、九路公交车来了。
翻译：Here comes the bus NO.9.
47、在任何情况下，中国决不首先使用核武器。
翻译：Under no circumstances will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.
48、在有些欧洲国家里，人民享受最广泛的社会福利，如医疗保险等。
翻译：In some of European countries, the people are given the biggest social benefits such as medical insurance.
49、没有知识分子，我们的事情就不能做好，所以我们要好好团结、依靠他们、使他们富强起来。
翻译：Without intellectuals, our work cannot be done well, and we should therefore do a good job of uniting with them, relying on them and making them rich.
50、据谣言，那场火灾是由于玩忽职守造成的。
翻译：It is rumoured(谣传)that the fire break-out was due to negligence.
51、在我们这个时代，任何人都想要在社会上起到所希望的作用，必须接受必要的教育。随着科学的进步，在中小学开设了越来越多的课程。与过去相比，现代教育更重视实用性。翻译：In our times, anyone who wants to play an important role in a society as he wishes must receive necessary education. With the development of science, more courses are offered in primary schools and middle schools. Compared with the education in the past, modern education places its stress on practicality.
52、现在的中国教育与中国经济的巨大发展相比，还存在着差距。这些差距既向中国的高等教育提出了挑战，同时也为他带来了机遇。我们应该抓住机遇、迎接挑战，从人才培养模式、学科建设和科学研究等方面进行新的探索，努力创建面向21实际的一流高校。
翻译：In order to match the great development of China’s economy, there is still a long way for its contemporary education to go. The disparity between them not only puts challenge before China’s higher education, but provides it with opportunities simultaneously. We should seize the opportunity and meet the challenge head-on. We should make new explorations in the aspects of the personnel-training pattern, curriculum set-up and scientific research, and we should establish first-class institutions of higher learning geared to the 21st century.
53、中国是个大国，百分之八十的人口从事农业，但耕地只占土地面积的十分之一，其余为山脉、森林、城镇和其他用地。
翻译：China is a large country with four-fifths of the population engaged in agriculture, but only one tenth of the land is farmland, the rest being mountains, forests and places for urban and other uses.
54、少年时一去不复返的，等到经历衰退时，要做学问也来不及了。
翻译：Youth will soon be gone never to return. And it will be too late for you to go into scholarship when in your declining years.
55、声速随温度的升降会有轻微的增减，但不受气压的影响。
翻译：The speed of sound increases slightly with a rise in temperature and falls slightly with a decrease in temperature. It is not affected by the pressure of the air.
56、要充分重视自然科学理论研究，包括现代数学、高能物理、分子生物学等基础学科的理论研究，忽视这一点就不能掌握和运用世界上先进的科学技术成果，不能很好的解决我们在建设中遇到的重大问题。
翻译：Full attention must be paid to theoretical research in the natural sciences, including such
basic subjects as modern mathematics, high energy physics and molecular biology. Negligence in this respect will make it impossible for us to master and apply the results of advanced world science and technology and properly solve important problems we’ll encounter in our construction.
57、英联邦各国尤其如此，他们认为英国加入欧共体，将能保证欧共体的政策照顾到它们的利益。
翻译：This is particularly true of the countries of the commonwealth, who see Britain’s membership of the Community a guarantee that the policies of the community will take their interests into account.
58、我要感谢你们无与伦比的盛情款待。中国人民正是以这种热情好客而闻名世界。
翻译：I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world.
59、他的解释不能让人满意。
翻译：His explanation is far from satisfactory.
60、由于几乎没有业务能力强的人手，因此公司决定招收一些有能力的人。
翻译：There are few professional hands, and the company decided to enroll competent individuals. 61、环境科学家们说，如果要使地球继续供养人类生存，保护野生动物是极为重要的。这些专家说，我们必须明白在我们这个环境供养系统中我们自己与野生动植物之间的重要联系。他们指出，没有人有把握知道这些动植物种的哪一种将来可能对我们有用。翻译：Environmentalists say that the protection of wild animals is of vital importance if the earth is to supply the human beings. These experts say that we must understand the fundamental relation between ourselves and wild animals and plants in our environmental supplying system. They point out that no one is sure to know which kind of animals and plants is likely to be useful to us in the future.
62、天无绝人之路。
翻译：Every cloud has a silver shining.
63、谁没有个三灾六难。
翻译：There is a crook in the lot of every one.
64、日程安排得很合适。
翻译：The schedule was arranged in a practical way.
65、这是放松不得。
翻译：This matter must be paid close attention to.
66、这种蘑菇吃得。
翻译：Such mushroom is edible.
67、她把信揉成一团，塞到口袋里。
翻译:She crumpled the letter into a ball and slipped it into her pocket.
68、正要个打字员，偏偏把个打字员病了。
翻译:Badly in need, the very typist fell ill.
69、发光的未必是金子。
翻译：All that glitters is not gold.
70、吃的、喝的、穿的都准备好了。
翻译：Everything like food, drink and clothes is ready.
71、该花的就得花。
翻译：We should spend money where it is needed.
72、我悄悄地披了件大衫，带上门出去了。
翻译：Shrugging(耸肩) on an overcoat, I made my way out, closing the door behind me.
73、制止超级大国发动新的世界大战是世界人民的共同愿望。
翻译：It is the common wish of the world’s people to prevent the superpowers from launching a new world war.
74、推进素质教育关键在教师。因此，明确自己肩负的使命，学习素质教育理论，研究素质教育特点，使自己的教育思想和方法尽快有“应试”教育转到素质教育上来，以促进素质教育深入发展，就成为广大中小学教师亟待解决的一个重要课题。
翻译：Promoting quality education relies on teachers. Therefore, the great number of middle school and primary school teachers are offered a series of urgent tasks: to understand their mission, to learn educational theories, to study the characteristics of quality education, and to adjust their educational thoughts and methods in order to put due emphasis on quality education rather than “test-oriented”education, so as to stimulate the development of quality education.
75、技术嫁接给该企业注入了新的活力。
翻译：Technical transformation instilled new vitality into the enterprise.
76、党中央动员组织各方面的力量进行经济建设赢得了全国人民的高度赞扬。
翻译：The Party Central Committee’s mobilization and organization of all kinds of capacities to carry out the course of economic construction won high praise from all the people throughout the country.
77、他们讲索取，我们讲奉献。
翻译：They preach talking, whereas we advocate giving.
78、他弄得家里鸡犬不宁。
翻译：He stirred his whole family into a tempest.
79、他善于做信访工作。
翻译：He is experienced in handling letters and visits from the masses.
80、禁止用迷信和暴力手段残害妇女。
翻译：Cruel treatment causing injuries or even death of women by superstition or violence is prohibited.
81、我们必须结束这种社会动荡和纷扰不安的局面。
翻译：We must put an end to the social unrest and upheaval.
82、另一方面，必须用上述材料进行广泛的宣传，使人们认识到，自然保护区是保护自然及文化遗产的基本单位，他们是在人类进步历程中长期斗争中形成的，对经济建设有着重要的作用。
翻译：On the other hand, it is necessary to carry on the extensive publicity, enabling the pu blic to know that the protected areas are the basic unit of the management of the natural and cultural heritage which are formed in the struggle process against the nature by human beings and will play an important role in the economic construction.
83、饭菜虽然简单，但别有一番风味，屋外一团漆黑，穿过松林的风发出如火车的轰鸣声，我们在摇曳不定的煤油灯下豪情与老人干杯。
翻译：When we enjoyed the simple but tasty food and drank cheerful toasts with the old man under the flickering oil-lamp, darkness reigned the outside world where the wind was thundering through the pinewood like a train.
84、他们不顾一切困难、挫败、坚持研究。
翻译：They kept on studying in spite of all difficulties and setbacks.
85、我们需要建立一个门类齐全、结构合理、能够满足社会消费和整个国民经济发展的先进工业体系。
翻译：We must built an advanced industrial system which is complete in range, rational in structure, and which meets the social consumption and the expansion of the whole national economy.
86、人有失手，马有漏蹄。
翻译：A horse stumbles that has four legs.
87、有一利必有一弊
翻译：The disadvantage comes with the advantage.
88、希望学生在文史哲学等人文课中学到的知识在将来的为人处事方面发挥作用，这么想不过分吧？
翻译：Is it appropriate to hope that the lessons learned in a liberal education will reveal themselves in the humaneness of the graduate’s relationship with others.
89、军备竞赛必须禁止。
翻译：The army race must be stopped.
90、据估计，今年的股市将会上扬。
翻译：It is estimated that the stock market will be on the rise.
91、当前最重要的任务是发展国民经济、提高国民生活水平。为了实现这个目标，我们必须改革旧的经济体制，以便进一步解放生产力。我们应向世界敞开大门，以便学习其他国家先进的科学和技术。只要我们坚持改革开放的政策，就一定能把我国建成强大的社会主义国家。翻译：Presently the most important task is to develop our national economy and improve the people’s living standard. In order to achieve this goal, we must reform the old economic system so as to liberate the productive force. We should open our doors to the world so as to learn the advanced science and technology from other countries. We’ll certainly be able to build our country into a powerful socialist country as long as we carry out the policy of reform and opening up.
92、同中国加强合作，符合美国的利益。
翻译：Increased cooperation with China is in the interests of the United State.
93、现在失业下岗人数有增无减，折射的我们意识到掌握一些实用技术是十分重要，也是十分必要的。
翻译：There has been increasing number of unemployed people recently, which makes us realize that it is very important and necessary to master some practical skills.
94、根据全国人民代表大会的有关信息，贪污腐败已经在全国人大的监督下有所收敛，比如，海南高级人民法院的一名法官在被发现滥用职权后就被省人大罢免了职务。
翻译：According to the NPC (National People’s Congress), corruption and degeneration has been curbed under NPC supervision. For example, a judge of the Hainan Higher People’s Count was dismissed by the Provincial People’s Congress after he was found to have abused his authority.
95、如果没有他的帮助，我早就误入歧途了。
翻译：But for his help, I should have gone astray.
96、是我们失望的是，他不顾大局。
翻译：To our disappointment, he failed to take the overall situation into account.
97、有一项调查发现，不吸烟的妇女，如果在吸烟的家庭环境中生活40年或更长的时间，那么就有加倍患肺癌的危险。
翻译：An investigation indicates that non-smoking women living in a smoking family environment for 40 years or still longer will have double risk of developing lung cancer.
98、他仍然没有弄懂我的意思
翻译：He still could not understand me.
99、无论如何，她算不上一位思维敏捷的学生。
翻译：She can hardly be rated as a bright student.
100、在1996年，要为“新经济”做一个定义，那就是新经济是以科技为动力的经济。五年以后，新现象产生，新经济的定义，也要改了。他还是以技术为动力，但要加上一句，创新与进取精神使得他蓬勃发展。
翻译：In 1996, one would probably define “new economy”as an economy powered by technology. Now, five years later, various new advancements are calling for a modified view. It is true that new economy is driven by technology, but that is not all. A spirit of innovation and initiative is also fueling its progress.
2019考研英语一真题翻译参考答案及解析
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Keys to Paper A (1---65 题每题一分，客观题共65分) 1-10 B D A C B C C D A B 11-20 A B D A C A D C B D 21-30 B D C A B D C A C B 31-45 D A D A B D C A C B C D C A B 46-55 A D C A B A C C D D 56-65 A C D B D A B C C D Part IV 汉译英（评分给正分，每小题都需打分，精确到0.5分） 1. China is a large country with four-fifths of the population engaged in agriculture, but only one tenth of the land is farmland, the rest being mountains, forests and places for urban and other uses. (2分) 2. An investigation indicates that non-smoking women living in a smoking family environment for 40 years or still longer will have double risk of developing lung cancer. （2分） 3. In our times, anyone who wants to play an important role in a society as he wishes must receive necessary education. With the development of science, more courses are offered in primary schools and middle schools. Compared with the education in the past, modern education places more stress on practicality. (3 分) 英译汉（评分给正分，每小题都需打分，精确到0.5分） 4. 程式化思维是人们交流的绊脚石，因为它有碍于人们对事物的客观观察。客观观察指人 们敏感地搜寻线索，引导自己的想象更接近他人的现实。（2分） 5. 当经济学家最初探讨经济发展的原因时，他们发现：人们一直认为无法解释的剩余因素是人力资本。人力资本，即人口的技能，是造成各国生产力差距以及地位不平等的一个重要因素。（3分） 6. 下文从解决妇女贫困问题的角度出发，探讨两性平等、减轻贫困和环境的可持续性诸目的之间的协同作用，涉及能源短缺、水资源缺乏、健康、气候变化、自然灾害，以及授予妇女在农业、林业、生态多元化管理领域中的权力使之创造可持续的生存方式等问题。（3分） Part V Summary （20分） 评分标准：主要看考生是否了解概要写作的方法以及能否用恰当的语言来表达。概要一定要客观简洁地表达原文的主要内容，不需要评论，不能照抄原文。具体给分标准为：（1）内容和形式都达标，仅有一二处小错：18-19分。（2）内容缺少一到三点，形式错误不过三处：16-17分。（3）内容欠缺较多，形式错误有五六处：14-15分。（4）内容欠缺较多，形式错误有十来处：12-13分。 Science and Humanity The twentieth century has made greater change to the world, which was brought by the progress in science, than any previous century. Unfortunately, not all these changes did good to the human society. Some of them have done serious damage to mankind and have been even predicted to destroy the whole world someday if out of control. In fact, mankind is not biologically programmed for violent behaviors like war. People are faced with a dilemma in which we would like to see science develop freely, but cannot afford the result of that. It is a
英语研究生专业分类
与其他不少考研热门专业一样，英语专业研究生招生的研究方向设置非常细，不同学校的方向设置类别不一，名称也各异。 比如上海外国语大学英语语言文学专业下设有语言方向、文学方向、教学法方向、翻译学方向、口译学方向、英语国家文化方向、跨文化交际方向7个方向。而同样是外语类专业院校，北京外国语大学该专业设置的研究方向明显不同，广东外语外贸大学该专业设置的8个研究方向更与前两所学校无一相同。 在这种情况下，不少备考英语专业的同学对“如何选择研究方向”这样的问题一头雾水，也就不足为怪了。 就英语专业考研而言，外国语言文学下设置的二级学科很多，包括英语语言文学、俄语语言文学、法语语言文学、德语语言文学、日语语言文学、印度语言文学、阿拉伯语语言文学、欧洲语言文学、亚非语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学、翻译学11个学科。其中，涉及英语专业的二级学科主要有3个：英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学、翻译学。 一般院校的英语专业多设置英语语言文学和外国语言学及应用语言学两个专业，所以，英语专业考研的专业设置其实比较简单，一般就是两大专业。不过，这两个专业被不同学校细化研究方向以后，就变得复杂了。如前面说到的上海外国语大学英语语言文学专业下设有7个方向，这7个方向进一步细分，小的研究方向达37个之多。 英语专业的研究方向虽名目众多，却也并非杂乱无章，其设置仍是遵循一定规律的。粗略分析，这些研究方向可分为传统研究方向和新兴研究方向两大类。 传统研究方向 传统研究方向，顾名思义，指的是设置多年的老牌研究方向，这些研究方向一般学校都有开设。 1. 文学方向 开设学校：全国绝大部分招收英语专业研究生的学校。据2007年的招生统计，仅有17所招收英语专业研究生的学校没有开设文学方向。 研究内容：主要研究英美文学研究领域中的重大问题，目的在于提高文学素养、理论水平和研究能力。 就业方向：此方向开设学校多，招生人数较多，就业范围非常广泛，一般为教师、研究人员。所学课程：西方文论、美国经典文学、美国现当代文学、英国经典文学、文学批评、英国文学选读、美国文学选读、17～19世纪英国文学研究、希腊戏剧研究、英国长篇小说选读、美国长篇小说选读、英国诗歌选读、美国诗歌选读、英美散文鉴赏、王尔德戏剧欣赏、英国短篇小说欣赏、美国短篇小说鉴赏、英美戏剧鉴赏、中国文学史、中国古典文学选读等。 2. 语言学 开设学校：全国绝大部分招收英语专业研究生的学校。据2007年的招生统计，仅有9所招收英语专业研究生的学校没有开设语言学方向。 研究内容：语言学是我国高校近年来普遍设置的一个综合性的语言研究学科。主要学习语言学理论及语言在各种学科中的应用，不同学校侧重点有所不同。 通过大量阅读有关文献、论文和最新的研究成果报告，使学生对于语言学的形成和发展有进一步的了解，并了解现代语言学的最新动向和最新发展。语言学特别强调和重视研究生的广泛阅读，包括专业的外语期刊和近几年的语言学相关论文。 就业方向：该专业理论性较强，主要面向大中专教师及研究人员。 所学课程：语言学概论、语用学与话语分析、应用语言学、现代语法学、语义学、语用学、英语语体学与文体学、语篇分析等。 3. 英美文化研究 开设学校：南京大学、上海外国语大学、天津师范大学等。
研究生英语 翻译+答案
1.Visual cues from audience members can indicate that a speech is dragging , that the speaker is dwelling on a particular point for too long , or that a particular point requires further explanation 听众的眼神足以表明，演说过于拖沓，演讲者在某一点上讲得太多，或者在某一点上还需要做进一步的解释。 2.But art history focuses on much more than this because art reflects not only the political values of a people , but also religious beliefs , emotions , and psychology. 但是艺术史注意的不仅仅是这些，因为艺术不仅反映了一个民族的政治价值，也反应了他们的宗教信仰，感情和心理特点。 3.One widely held belief is that a sharp fright will end a troublesome bout of hiccups , but many people prefer just waiting for them to go away as this “cure” is often worse than the ailment itself . 一个普遍认同的观点是，猛然的惊吓会止住一阵讨厌的打嗝，但是很多人更愿意等待打嗝自然过去，因为这种“止隔得方法”往往比打嗝本身更加的糟糕。 4.That our environment had little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behavior is central to this theory. 这种理论的核心是，我们的环境同我们的才能、性格特征和行为即使有什么关系的话，也是微不足道的。 5.And I take heart from the fact that the enemy, which boasts that it can occupy the strategic point in a couple of hours , has not yet been able to take even the outlying regions , because of the stiff resistance that gets in the way. 敌人吹嘘能在几个小时内就占领战略要地，由于受到顽强抵抗，甚至还没有能占领外围地带，这一事实使我增强了信心。 6. A physically mature female deer in good condition who has conceived in November and given birth to two fawns during the end of May or first part of June , must search for food for the necessary energy not only to meet her body’s needs but also to produce milk for her fawns. 一只成熟健壮的母鹿，在十一月怀胎，五月底或六月初生下两只幼鹿，这时，她必须寻找食物以获得必要的能量，这不仅是为了满足自身的需要，而且也是为了给幼鹿生产乳汁。 7.The president said at a press conference dominated by questions on yesterday’s election results that he could not explain why the Republicans had suffered such a widespread defeat, which in the end would deprive the Republican Party of long-held superiority in the House. 在主要问及昨天选举结果的记者招待会上，总统说他无法解释为何共和党遭到如此惨痛的失败,这最终会使共和党丧失在众议院长期以来享有的优势。 8.The second aspect is the application by all members of society from the government official to the ordinary citizen, of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their work. 第二个方面是，社会上的一切成员，从政府部门中任公职的官员到普通公民，都应运用科学家们在科研工作中所采用的专门的思维方法和工作方法。 9.The method was largely developed by physicists , chemists and biologists ; it was later adopted by people working in such areas as education, psychology and sociology , where the subjects of research were often people. 这种方法在很大程度上先是由物理学家、化学家和生物学家使用，后来为在教育学、心理学和社会学等领域内工作的研究人员所采纳而发展起来的。