企业财务管理研究外文文献翻译

企业财务管理研究外文文献翻译
企业财务管理研究外文文献翻译

文献出处:Bromiley P, McShane M. Enterprise Risk Management: Review, Critique, and Research Directions[J]. Long Range Planning, 2015,12(03):61-71.

原文

The Research of Enterprise Financial Management

Bromiley P, McShane M

Abstract

Enterprise production and operation process of socialization and modernization level is continuously improved, enterprise financial management and control in the core position in the enterprise management has been gradually revealed. Practice has proved that by strengthening financial management and control is advantageous to the enterprise reasonable and effective use of funds, increasing the use of funds effect; Is advantageous to the enterprise budget, and strive to reduce costs; Easier to find the problems existing in the production and operation enterprises, reduce the economic loss; Is beneficial to improve the level of enterprise production and management, enhance the competitiveness of enterprises. Financial management is the core of enterprise management, seize the financial management, and seize the key to enterprise management.

Key words: enterprise financial management; Money management;

1Introduction

Enterprise financial management work of the importance of modern enterprise is a lawfully established for the purpose of profit, is engaged in the production and business operation activities of the independent accounting economic organization, its starting point and develops well is the profit. Enterprises in order to achieve the purpose of its survival and development and implementation of management of its final result to financial index to reflect, and financial management object is the enterprise of cash (or cash) and benign circulation and turnover process, so also has established the corresponding the core position of financial management in enterprise management. Enterprise production management is the process of capital movement and value-added process, management and financial management, as a kind of value form into all production and business operation activities, it is implementation

management means on the one hand, through the control of the enterprise production and business operation activities of each link, standardize enterprise management, on the other hand, through the scientific financial analysis, provide the basis for enterprise production and management decision-making, it is through the financial management work to make the management of enterprise production and operation have full control over the whole process.

2 Related theories

2.1 The fine financial management

The fine financial management is to "fine" as the foundation, do meticulous, for every post, every business, have set up a corresponding with the work process and business norms, practices the key in implementing, and to extend the scope of financial management to unit of each area, fully exercise the financial supervision function, to make the development of financial management and service function, realize financial management no dead Angle, explore the potential value of the financial activities.

As a way of modern financial management, the fine financial management is modern enterprise constantly explore the process of adapting to the market economy development, and is suitable for the market rules and the requirements of the development of enterprise financial management, efforts to promote the fine financial management, to improve enterprise financial management ability, is significant to promote enterprise development, at the same time can also keep to further reform and opening up, promote the internationalization of our country economy level unceasingly, really realize the sustainable development of economy in our country. 2.2 The enterprise value maximization

Enterprise value maximization is reasonable on the enterprise financial management, adopt the optimum financial policy, and give full consideration to the relationship between the value of money and pay, in ensuring long-term stable development of enterprises to maximize the enterprise value. The advantages of the enterprise value maximization is that it considers the paid time and risk, to overcome the short-term behavior in the pursuit of profit. Economic added value maximization

goal refers to the enterprise by means of the reasonable financial management, take the optimization of financial policy, give full consideration to the time value of money and the relationship between risk and reward, on the basis of the guarantee enterprise long-term stable development, the pursuit of a certain period of time has created the maximization of economic value added and the ratio of the invested capital.

3 Enterprise financial management statuses

3.1 Status of financial management, enterprise management goal is not clear

In the past most of the companies did not improve the status of financial management to an important problem of position, just think corporate profit is good, as long as don't consider reasonable fund raising and reasonable application, regardless of the benefit maximization problem. Lead to some enterprises for the sake of short-term profit after facing the danger of collapse. And although many enterprise financial management attaches great importance to, but for the financial management target is fuzzy.

3.2 The lack of a sound and effective budget management system

Many enterprises not to establish and perfect effective budget management system, enterprise management with no clear goal and direction, entirely by "follow", to advance planning and matter controls, afterwards, analyze and audit is in order to cope with the task of "above", bring a lot of enterprise financial management risk. Some companies even compiled the budget, but as a result of budget management system is not sound, or budget is the financial department shall, according to the management intention "behind closed doors", can't reach the effect of beforehand control, the so-called budget only become "decoration" or "face project".

3.3 Money is messy, the use of inefficient

Saving is the biggest save money, a waste of money is the biggest waste. In the currency as the medium of the market economy condition, enterprise operation must be firmly established with the concept of capital as the core, maximum limit the use efficiency of the pursuit of money. At present, the needs of the enterprise group funds centralized management and multistage corporate funds dispersed to take up its internal contradiction has become the most prominent problems in the present

enterprise financial fund management investment decision-making optional the gender is big, some enterprises regardless of their own ability and the development goals, blind investment, keen to spread new stall, investments, more serious loss, compounded of already very tense capital position. Capital precipitation, takes up unreasonable, high of payment default, finished goods continued to grow, capital turnover is slow, enterprise credit and profitability decline.

3.4 Distortion of accounting information, disclosure delay

Many enterprises did not form a unified accounting and financial reporting system, and not build a unified financial management system, totally "free" in the group members, by financial personnel according to their own ideas to establish financial accounting and management system, lead to each member's financial information between businesses than, data and information disorder; Plus members affected by the "personal interest", insisting that the performance of rise, make the accounts receivable is high and increasing the enterprise financing costs, management costs and bad debt losses, on the other hand, the members of the enterprise financial personnel adjustment index through a variety of artificial means, cause the distortion of accounting data, report false, completely cover up the real operating conditions of the enterprise. If the enterprise can't solve the problem of distortion of accounting information in time, will lead to policy maker’s mistake, for the survival and development of the enterprise is very bad.

4 The improvement of the enterprise financial management measures

4.1 The financial management personnel must set up the modern financial management the new idea

The establishment of modern enterprise system not only gives enterprise active rights, as well as the modern enterprise financial management in a rapidly changing, highly risky market economy environment. These put forward higher requirements for enterprise financial management personnel, financial personnel must be established to adapt to finance a new concept of the knowledge economy era. To strengthen information idea, in the modern society, economic information is a commodity; the accounting information is also a commodity. Any commodity value, accounting

information has value. On the one hand, financial personnel through the rapid, accurate and comprehensive information collection, provide the basis for enterprise financing and investment decisions. Analysis of enterprise production and operation situation, on the other hand, the information provided by, become the enterprises to improve management decision-making basis, have a significant impact to the enterprise management strategy, objectively to create value for the enterprise.

4.2 Led to budget as the main body, implements the comprehensive budget management

Under the market economy system, the allocation of resources will become complicated, management function diversity, only implements the comprehensive budget management, to carry out effective control, the main work is: first, making enterprise management budget; Second, in an orderly way of budget management, including the implementation of budget tracking, analysis, evaluation and assessment; Third, fix the settlement of the monthly, quarterly and annual accounts. By budget control and avoid waste and loss, increase savings, increasing earnings and practicing economy, ensure the realization of enterprise economic benefits.

4.3 Make capital use plan, optimizing the allocation of funds

Enterprise can control the amount of money at any time is limited, but the demand for money is unlimited, the enterprise should through scientific analysis of the prediction, the disposable funds raised together effectively, maintain reasonable configuration structure. Including fixed capital and liquidity structure, capital structure, reserves and production in stock funds and quick assets structure, declines at the same time, determine the structure of capital plan, and break it down to the relevant units, for minimum cost and footprint, realize the biggest capital gains. Strengthening the management of procurement funds. A merit, Zelman, choose close to purchase materials, to prevent indirect procurement, procurement blindly, compressed procurement costs, cut down the cost of purchasing, locked good capital expenditures mainstream. Strengthening the management of production capital. Enterprises should start from the implementation of economic responsibility system, in order to reduce the consumption as the breakthrough point, in order to improve the

labor productivity as the basis, focusing on compression controllable costs, reduce production costs, thereby reducing production funds utilization. Strictly control the daily cost, implement cost and expenditure, saving the prize, overruns the report; For some expenses are tough freezing method, which in a certain period of time will not be spending, promote management thrift, lavish in preventing the black sheep of his family.

4.4 To actively promote the enterprise's financial and business integration of the work

Financial management is the highest level of the perfect combination of business and finance, that is, financial and business integration. Therefore, unified financial management software, computer is applied to implement financial information and business process integration, and gradually introduce, digest, development, using international advanced ERP system software, is the basic direction of the development of the enterprise internal information. Enterprises should be combined with practice, actively introduce the development use unified integration of financial and business management software, gradually realize the whole process of production and operation of information flow, logistics, capital integration and data sharing, security enterprise budget, settlement, monitoring and so on financial management work standardization, efficient. Enterprises with financial management as the center, with an emphasis on cost control, realizes the financial system and sales system, supply and production of data sharing, unified management.

译文

企业财务管理研究

Bromiley P, McShane M.

摘要

企业生产经营过程社会化程度和现代化水平正不断得以提高,企业财务管理与控制在企业管理中的核心地位已逐渐显示出来。实践证明,通过加强财务管理与控制有利于企业合理有效地利用资金,提高资金利用效果;有利于企业精打细算,努力降低成本费用;有利于企业发现生产经营存在的问题,减少经济损失;有利于提高企业生产经营水平,提高企业竞争力。财务管理是企业管理的核心,

抓住了财务管理,就抓住企业管理的关键。

关键词:企业财务管理;资金管理;

1 引言

企业财务管理工作的重要性现代企业是依法设立的以赢利为目的,从事生产经营活动的独立核算的经济组织,其出发点和归宿点是获利。企业为实现其生存发展的目的而实施的各项管理工作其最终结果都要以财务指标来反映,而财务管理的对象正是企业的现金(或者资金)及其良性循环和周转过程,所以也就相应确立了财务管理在企业管理中的核心地位。企业生产经营的过程就是资金运动并增值的过程,而财务管理作为一种价值管理形态深入全部生产经营活动之中,它实现管理的手段就是一方面通过对企业生产经营活动中各个环节的控制,规范企业的经营行为,另一方面通过科学的财务分析,为企业的生产经营决策提供依据,正是通过财务管理工作才能使得管理层对企业的生产经营全过程具有全程控制力。

2 相关理论

2.1精细化财务管理

精细化财务管理就是以“细”作为基础,做到细致入微,对每一个岗位、每一项业务,都建立起一套与之对应的工作流程和业务规范,实践中的重点在落实,并且将财务管理的范围延伸到单位的每一个领域,充分行使财务监督职能,以使拓展财务管理和服务职能,实现财务管理无死角,发掘财务活动的潜在价值。

作为一种现代财务管理方式,精细化财务管理是现代企业在不断适应市场经济过程中探索发展出来的,是适合市场规律以及企业发展要求的财务管理方式,努力推进精细化财务管理,对于不断提高企业财务管理能力,促进企业发展意义非凡,不断促进经济的国际化水平,真正实现经济的可持续发展。

2.2 企业价值最大化

企业价值最大化是指通过企业财务上的合理经营,采取最优的财务政策,充分考虑货币的价值与报酬的关系,在保证企业长期稳定发展基础上使企业总价值达到最大。企业价值最大化的优点在于它考虑了取得报酬的时间和风险,克服了在追求利润上的短期行为。企业经济增加值最大化目标模式是指企业通过财务上的合理经营,采取最优化的财务政策,充分考虑货币时间价值和风险及报酬的关

系,在保证企业长期稳定发展的基础上,追求一定时间内所创造的经济增加值与投入资本之比的最大化。

3 企业财务管理现状

3.1企业对财务管理的地位、管理目标不明确

过去的大多数企业没把财务管理的地位提高到一个重要问题的位置上来,单纯的认为企业只要盈利就是好的,根本不考虑资金合理筹集与合理应用,不考虑资金的效益最大化问题。导致有些企业实现短期的盈利后面临着倒闭的危险。而且很多企业虽然对财务管理方面很重视,可是对财务管理的目标却很模糊。3.2缺乏健全有效的预算管理制度

很多企业没有建立健全有效的预算管理制度,企业经营没有明确的经营目标和方向,完全靠“跟着感觉走”,无法进行事前计划和事中控制,事后分析和审计也是为了应付“上面”的任务,给很多企业财务管理带来很大的风险。有些企业即使编制了预算,但由于预算管理制度的不健全,根本无法达事前控制的效果,所谓的预算也仅仅成为“摆设”。

3.3资金散乱,使用效率低下

资金的节约是最大的节约,资金的浪费是最大的浪费。在以货币为媒介的市场经济条件下,企业营运必须牢固树立以资金为核心的观念,最大限度地追求资金的使用效率。目前,企业集团资金集中管理的需要和内部多级法人资金分散占用的矛盾已成为现阶段企业财务资金管理中最突出的问题投资决策随意性大,有些企业不顾自身的能力和发展目标,盲目投资,热衷于铺新摊子,投资失误多,损失严重,使本来就十分紧张的资金状况雪上加霜。资金沉淀严重,占用不尽合理,货款拖欠居高不下,产成品资金有增无减,周转缓慢,企业信用和盈利能力下降。

3.4财务信息失真,披露迟缓

很多企业没有形成统一的会计核算和财务报告体系,没有构建统一的财务管理体系,成员企业完全“游离”于集团,由财务人员按照自己的思路建立财务核算和管理体系,导致各成员企业之间财务信息不可比,数据和信息紊乱;加上成员企业受“个人利益”的影响,一味强调业绩的攀升,使得应收款居高不下,增加了企业筹资成本、管理成本和坏账损失,另一方面,(完整译文请到百度文库)

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