高考英语阅读理解冲刺(3)及答案
高考英语阅读理解冲刺（3）及答案
阅读理解
A person named Bernard Jackson today is a free man, but he has many bitter memories. He spent five years in prison after a jury (陪审团)wrongly convicted (判处…有罪) him of raping two women. At Jackson’s trial, although two witnes ses testified that Jackson was with them in another location at the time of the crime, he was convicted anyway. Why? The jury believed the testimony(证词)of the two victims, who positively identified Jackson as the man who had attacked them. The court eventually freed Jackson after the police found the real criminal.
Many factors influence the accuracy of eyewitness testimony. For instance, witnesses sometimes see photographs of several suspects before they try to identify the person they saw in a group of people. They can become confused by seeing many photographs of similar faces. The number of people in the group, and whether it is a person or a photograph, may also affect a witness’s decision. People sometimes have difficulty identifying people of other races. The questions the police ask witnesses also have an effect on them.
Many people believe that police officers are more reliable than ordinary people. Psychologists decided to test this idea, and they discovered that it is not true. Two psychologists showed a film of crimes to both police officers and civilians. The psychologists found no difference between the police and the civilians in correctly remembering the details of the crimes.
Despite all the possibilities for inaccuracy, courts cannot omit eyewitness testimony from a trial. American courts depend almost completely on eyewitness testimony to
resolve(决定)court cases. Sometimes it is the only evidence to a crime, such as rape. Furthermore, eyewitness testimony is often correct. Although people do sometimes make mistakes, and convict innocent people, more importantly, eyewitness testimony has rightly convicted a larger number of guilty people.
American courts depend on the ability of the twelve jurors, and not t he judges, to determine the accurac y of the witness’s testimony. It is their responsibility to decide if a certain wit ness could actually see, hear and remember what happened.
50. Bernard Jackson was found guilty and sentenced 5 years’ prison because________.
A. the victims insisted that he was the attacker
B. he admitted the crime of raping two women
C. the police discovered evidence leading to his guilt
D. the eyewitness proved the victims’ testimony
51. The following statements may be the reasons for why sometimes the eyewitness’
testimony is not accurate EXCEPT ________.
A. the eyewitness is confused by the police’s questions
B. the eyewitness is shown photos of many similar faces
C. the eyewitness lacks the professional help from police
D. the eyewitness can’t identify people of o ther races clearly.
52. An inaccurate eyewitness testimony may lead to________.
A. the misunderstanding of the case
B. the disbelief in the court
C. the disrespect for the eyewitness
D. the conviction of an innocent person
53. Eyewitness testimony is important because ___________.
A. it can be relied on to detect criminals in all cases.
B. it is sometimes the only way to resolve court cases.
C. it is sometimes the only clue for police investigation.
D. it is more reliable than physical evidences to a crime.
54. According to the text, we can infer that ________.
A. eyewitness testimony is valuable, though sometimes incorrect.
B. police identification is more reliable than that of the ordinary people
C. crime victims often fail to give positive identification of the suspects
D. the jury relies on the judge than the eyewitness for a decision
【参考答案】49、CA 51---54 CDBA
阅读理解------C
Engineering students are supposed to be examples of practicality and rationality (理性)，but when it c omes to my college education I am an idealist and a fool. In high school I wanted to be an electrical engineer and, of course, any reasonable student with my aims would have chosen a college with a large engineering department, many famous professors and lots of good labs and research equipment. But that's not what I did.
I chose to study engineering in a small liberal-arts (文科）university that doesn't even offer a major in electrical engineering. Obviously, this was not a practical choice; I came here for more noble reasons. I wanted a broad education that would provide me with flexibility and a value sys tem to guide me in my job. I wanted to open my eyes and expand my vision by communicating with people who weren't studying science or engineering. My parents, teachers and other adults praised me for such a wise choice. They told me I was wise and grown-up beyond my 18 years, and I believed them.
I headed off to the college and sure I was going to have an advantage over those students who went to big engineering "factories" where they didn't care if you had values or were flexible. I was going to be a complete engineer: technical expert and excellent humanist all in one.
liberal-arts courses, I have learned there are reasons why few engineering students try to reconcile engineering with liberal-arts courses in college.
The reality that has blocked my path to become the typical successful studen t is that engineering and the liberal arts simply don't mix as easily as I supposed in high school. Individually they shape a person in very different ways. The struggle to reconcile the two fields of study is difficult.
文章大意：本文作者以自身的经历说明很难做到文理兼顾，共同发展。因而自己当初想要成为通晓人文科学的杰出工程师，是不切实际的。
36. At present, the writer is studying _____.
A. Engineering at a college with a large engineering department.
B. Engineering in a small liberal-arts university.
C. Literature in a liberal-arts university.
D. Communicating and technology.
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据I chose to study engineering in a small liberal-arts (文科）university作者
选择了小的文科学院上学的工程专业，故选B。
37. Why did the writer choose his major in a different way from ordinary students?
A. because he wanted to be an electrical engineer in high school.
B. Because he didn't like studying in labs.
C. Because he intended to turn out a technical expert.
D. Because he expected to get improved more iii humanities.
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据I was going to be a complete engineer: technical genius and sensitive humanist (人文学者) all in one.”，因为他希望提高人文学科这就是作者选择在一所很小的文科院校学习的根本原因。
38. What can be inferred from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4?
A. No noble idea can be out of touch with reality eventually.
B. The writer's noble ideas are practical.
C. Noble ideas have nothing to do with reality.
D. The writer considered his noble ideas as valuable as others.
【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据这句话我们不难推断出作者原先的想法是不切实际的，故选A。
39. What problem has the writer found in his study at college?
A. He can't get used to the engineer factory.
B. Math, physics and engineering courses are too difficult to learn.
C. It's hard to combine engineering with the literal arts.
D. He has made no progress in the literal arts.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据The struggle to reconcile the two fields of study is
difficult.把工程学与人文科学联系起来很难。故选C。[来源学科网Z|X|X|K]
40. How has the writer felt about his choice?
A. He felt proud at the beginning but a bit doubtful at present.
B. He has been feeling positive all the time.
C. He has decided to give up.
D. He shares the same opinion with his parents and teachers.
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据I am an idealist 及The struggle to reconcile the two fields of study is difficult.作者起初感觉很骄傲但是目前感觉有点怀疑，故选A。
A
Tess went to her bed room and pulled a glass jelly jar from its hiding place in the closet. She poured all the change out on the floor and counted it carefully. Three times, even. The total had to be absolutely exact. Then carefully placing the coins back in the jar and twisting on the cap, she slipped out the back door and made her way six blocks to the pharmacy（药房）.
She waited patiently for the pharmacist to give her some attention but he was too busy at this moment. So she took a quarter from her jar and banged it on the glass counter. That did it!
“And what do you want?” the pharmacist asked in an annoyed tone of voice. “I’m talking to my brother from Chicago whom I haven’t seen in ages,” he said without waiting for a reply to his question.
“Well, I want to talk to you about my brother,” Tess answered back in the same annoyed tone. “He’s really, really sick… and I want to buy a miracle.”
“I beg your pardon?” said the pharmacist.
“His name is Andrew and he has something bad growing inside his head and my Daddy says only a miracle can save him now. So how much does a miracle cost?”
The pharmacist’s brother was a well dressed man. He bent down and asked the little girl, “What kind of a miracle does your brother need?”
“I don’t know,” Tess replied with her eyes welling up. “I just know he’s really sick and Mommy says he needs an operation. But my Daddy can’t pay for it, so I want to use my money.”
“How much do you have?” asked the man from Chicago.
“One dollar and eleven cents,” Tess answered. “And it’s all the money I have.”
“Well, what a coincidence. A dollar and eleven cents—the exact price of a miracle for little brother,” smiled the man.
“Take me to where you live. I want to see your brother and meet your parents. Let’s see if I have the kind of miracle you need.”
The pharmacist’s brother, Dr. Carlton Armstrong, a surgeon, was expert in neurosurgery(神经外科). The operation was completed without charge and it wasn’t long before Andrew was home again and doing well.
Mom and Dad were happily talking about the chain of events that had led them to this place. “That surgery,” her Mom whispered. “was a real miracle. I wonder how much it would have cost?”
Tess smiled. She knew exactly how much a miracle cost…one dollar and eleven cents…plus the faith of a little child.
1. Tess took her money to the pharmacy to .
A. pay for the doctor’s bill
B. buy her brother a miracle
C. make a deal with the pharmacist
D. see whether the money was enough
2. How did Tess attract the pharmacist’s attention?
A. She waited for a l ong time.
B. She greeted the pharmacist.
C. She hit the counter with a coin.
D. She shouted at the pharmacist.
3. It can be inferred that Andrew’s operation would have been ______________.
A. costly
B. dangerous
C. serious
D. difficult
4. The writer thinks it was that worked wonder and saved Andrew’s life.
A. Tess’s money
B. Dr. Armstrong’s kindness
C. Tess’s belief
D. Dr. Armstrong’s surgery
【参考答案】1—4、BCAC
阅读理解-------C
Nowadays, there is a heated debate on whether pollutants should be cleaned in the air. Cleaning up the air, while good for our lungs, could make global warming worse. And the pollutants still go up around the air, along with carbon dioxide.
These pollutants are called aerosols (气溶粒) and they include soot as well as mixtures of nitrogen(氮) and sulfur(硫) and other stuff into the air. Natalie Mahowald, a climate researcher at Cornell University, says so far, scientists have mostly tried to understand what those aerosols do
while they're actually in the air.
"There are so many different kinds of aerosols," she says. "Some warm and some cool. But in fact, humans are giving out a lot of extra aerosols, and they tend to cool for the most part."
The aerosols reflect sunlight back into space, or keep us cool. But it turns out that's not all they do. These aerosols also influence how much carbon dioxide gets drawn out of the air by plants on land and in the sea.
"They can add nutrients, for example, to the oceans or to the land," Mahowald says. "But also while they're in the atmosphere they can change the climate, and thus that also can influence the amount of carbon, the land or the ocean can take up. So there are quite a few different ways that aerosols can act on each other."
Mahowald's results suggest that reducing those pollutants could be an even bigger problem than realized, when you consider that aerosols help remove carbon dioxide from the air by encouraging plant growth. Hard numbers on this effect are highly uncertain at the moment, but this could turn out to be quite significant.
And studying it is not easy because the effects aren't well understood. For example, nitrogen can be a fertilizer (肥料), but it can stop plant growing when nitrogen comes out of the air in acid form.
Right now it seems like we're much more likely to clean up aerosol pollution, while increasing the amount of carbon dioxide in the air. So scientists, unfortunately, may have a chance to see whether this experiment on our planet should continue or not.
36. From Paragraph 2, we know that .
A. scientists have been aware of how aerosols work
B. Natalie Mahowald is an expert in climate
C. cleaning up the air is so popular
D. pollutants are under control so far
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。由第二段第二句Natalie Mahowald的同位语a climate researcher at Cornell University可知Natalie Mahowald是一个气候专家，故选B。
37. What is Natalie Mahowald's opinion on those aerosols?
A. Aerosols can influence ea ch other in various ways.
B. All the aerosols will cool the earth.
C. Aerosols can add nutrients to human beings.
D. Any kind of aerosols will warm the earth.
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。由第三段Some warm and some cool得知，BD选项错误, 与Some不符。从第五段的to the oceans，得知C也不对。由第五段最后一句aerosols can act on each other气溶粒可以以不同的方式相互影响，故选A。
38. Why is it important for scientists to get accurate numbers according to the passage?
A. Scientists have a chance to research them.
B. They can bring scientists much more benefit.
C. Scientists can protect the earth from being polluted
D. They can help scientists understand the effects better.
【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。从第六段最后一句和第七段开头句可推出D正确。其他选项与题目没有直接的因果关系。它们能帮科学家更好地理解影响，故选D。
39. What does the last sentence of the passage imply?
A. Scientists will be in a dilemma.
B. The experiment will be successful.
C. Scientists will carry out the experiment.
D. Scientists have difficulty in the experiment.
【答案】A
【解析】词义猜测题。从第七段开头句和第八段最后一句should continue or not应不应该进行。说明研究的左右为难。故A最合适。而D选项属于事实题，不是暗示推理题。科学家左右为难，故选A。
40. Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?
A. Pollutants in the Air.
B. The Experiment on the Planet
C. The Reason for Global Warming
D. The Influence of Aerosols
【答案】D
【解析】标题归纳题。全文以Aerosols为中心，说明它的影响。故D正确。其他选项要么范围太大要么太小，不够全面。气溶粒的影响，故选D。