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情态动词（Modal Verbs）
一．概念和特征
表示说话人对某一动作或是状态的态度的动词。情态动词具有一定的词义，但不能独立作谓语，要和后面的动词原形一起作谓语，它没有人称和数的变化，具有助动词的作用，即用来构成否定句、疑问句及用于简单回答。
二．类型
1. 只用作情态动词的：must can∕could ma y∕might ought to
2. 既可作情态动词也可作实义动词的：need dare
3．可作情态动词也可作助动词的：shall ∕ should will ∕ would
4．具有情态动词特征的动词短语：have to used to would rather had better 三．用法
1．Can∕Could
⑴. 表示能力，相当于be able to。
Can you speak English？
He could swim when he was 5
Can只能用于一般现在时和一般过去式，而be able to可用于各种时态。
She has been able to play the piano for 3 years.
⑵.表示征求意见，许可，could比can的语气要委婉，相当于may。
Can I smoke here？Yes，you can.∕No，you can’t.
She asked whether she could smoke here.
You can go with us if you like.
⑶. 表示推测，can比could可能性大, 用于肯定句、否定句、疑问句均可。
Accidents can happen on such rainy days.
It can’t be true.
Can∕could ＋V原形表示对现在的状态特征推测
Can／could ＋be doing表示对正在进行的动作的推测
Can／could ＋have done表示对过去的推测
He can’t be at home now.
He can be studying now.
He could have gone to school. It’s Sunday.
但是情态动词表示推测时其反义疑问句应根据动词的实际事态而变化。
⑷. could have done 本能够，本可以
You could have borrowed my car. I wasn’t using it.
You could have come earlier.
⑸表示说话人的惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度（主要用于否定句、疑问句和感叹句中）
Can he be working till so late?
How can you be so careless!
2. May ／Might
⑴. 表示征求意见，请求和许可。
May I smoke here? Yes , you may. No , you mustn’t／’d better not ／can’t.
You may smoke.
⑵. 表示推测，may可能性比might大，不如can语气强烈。可能也许，通常用于肯定句中。ma y／might＋v原形表示对现在的状态特征推测
ma y／might＋be doing表示对正在进行的动作的推测
ma y／might＋have done 表示对过去的推测
At present, there may be some problems.
They might have lots of work to do now but I’m not sure.
This might be done by Tom.
Let’s speed up. They may be waiting for us.
⑶. 表示祝愿，用于倒装句。May＋主语＋动词原形。
May you succeed！
May he live to 100 years!
May you have a good life！
⑷. may／might as well＋V原形“最好”“不妨”“还是…的好”
It’s too late. You might as well not go.
3. Must
⑴表示说话人主观看法及强烈劝告“一定要必须”同have to,只用于现在或将来，但是have to表示客观条件环境迫使必须，可用于各种时态。mustn’t 表示禁止，用以告诉别人不要做什么。don’t have to和needn’t都是不必没有必要用以回答must提问的疑问句。
You must have a passport if you want to go aboard.
You can go out with your friend but you must come back before 11 at night.
I can’t see clearly so I have to wear glasses.
Must I do it now? Yes, you must. No, you needn’t／don’t have to.
⑵表示推测，通常用于肯定句中，“一定”，很有把握，语气最强烈。其否定形式为can’t ／couldn’t
Must＋V原形表示对现在的状态特征推测
Must＋be doing表示对正在进行的动作的推测
Must＋have done表示对过去的推测
He must be ill. I can see it from his face.
Something must be burning. I can smell it.
Someone must have entered this room yesterday, for my books have been moved.
⑶表示偏要、固执
He must come and ask her questions when she was busy.
As I was about to start to work, the telephone must phone.
4. Need
⑴表示“需要”或“必须”，作为情态动词时没有人称和数的变化，多用于疑问句和否定句中。肯定句中用must／have to／ought t o／should.
You needn’t explain.
Need I take money? Yes, you must.／No, you needn’t.
作为实义动词时有人称和数的变化，后面要跟带to的不定式。
I need to go to Beijing this Sunday to attend a book fair.
Do I need to leave my telephone number and address?
⑵needn’t have done 表示本没有必要做某事。
I needn’t have bought so much wine——only three people came.
5. Dare
表示“敢”，作为情态动词时没有人称和数的变化，多用于疑问句和否定句中。过去式为dared. How dare you say “I’m not fair”?
I daren’t stay at home alone at night.
You will be punished if you dare break the rule.
作为实义动词时有人称和数的变化，后面要跟带to的不定式。
This student doesn’t dare to raise questions in class.
Do you dare to drive a car on such a crowed street?
I dare to swim in the river.
6. Shall
⑴用于第一、三人称疑问句中表示征求意见或请求。
Shall we put off the sports meet until next month?
Henry is waiting outside. Shall he come in now?
⑵用于二、三人称陈述句中表示说话人的命令、警告、威胁、决心或许诺等感情色彩。You shall get an answer tomorrow.
If you do something wrong, you shall be punished.
Nothing shall stop me.
7. Should
⑴作为shall的过去式用于第一、三人称疑问句中表示征求意见或请求。
Mr. Li asked if he should get his permit tomorrow.
⑵表示义务职责或是给别人提出建议“应该”。相当于ought to，但没有ought to语气强烈。ought to否定形式为ought not to或oughtn’t to, 其一般疑问形式要将ought 放在主语前。
I think today’s children should learn to respect their elders.
You ought to apologize to Joan.
⑶表示说话人的感情色彩，如惊奇、愤怒、失望等。“竟然”
I’m surprised they should refuse our invitation.
⑷表示很大的可能性，“应该”。
They should arrive now.
⑸should have done 本应该做某事
You should have invited me to your wedding, but you for got.
8. Will／Would
⑴表示请求，would语气更加委婉。
Will you come this way, please?
Would you open the window, please?
⑵表示意志、愿望、决心。
I won’t do that again.
He said he would fight against AIDS.
⑶will 表示习惯性动作“总是”“惯于”；would表示过去经常习惯做同used to, used to的否定和疑问形式都有两种，分别借助于did和used。
Fish will die out of water.
The old man is strange. He will sit for hours without saying anything.
You will regret if you lose such a good chance.
After dinner, he would sit around Grandpa, listening to his stories.
He used to be careless.／He usedn’t to be careless. ／He didn’t use to be so careless.
9. had better (not) do sth ／had better have done
最好做…／最好做了…
You’d better have a try.
You’d better have started earlier.
10. would rather (not) do sth／would rather have done
宁愿…／宁愿做了…
I’d rather have refused his https://www.360docs.net/doc/6a17727434.html,mon Progress Please
Criticize
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情态动词（Modal Verbs） 一．概念和特征 表示说话人对某一动作或是状态的态度的动词。情态动词具有一定的词义，但不能独立作谓语，要和后面的动词原形一起作谓语，它没有人称和数的变化，具有助动词的作用，即用来构成否定句、疑问句及用于简单回答。 二．类型 1. 只用作情态动词的：must can∕could ma y∕might ought to 2. 既可作情态动词也可作实义动词的：need dare 3．可作情态动词也可作助动词的：shall ∕ should will ∕ would 4．具有情态动词特征的动词短语：have to used to would rather had better 三．用法 1．Can∕Could ⑴. 表示能力，相当于be able to。 Can you speak English？ He could swim when he was 5 Can只能用于一般现在时和一般过去式，而be able to可用于各种时态。 She has been able to play the piano for 3 years. ⑵.表示征求意见，许可，could比can的语气要委婉，相当于may。 Can I smoke here？Yes，you can.∕No，you can’t. She asked whether she could smoke here. You can go with us if you like. ⑶. 表示推测，can比could可能性大, 用于肯定句、否定句、疑问句均可。 Accidents can happen on such rainy days. It can’t be true. Can∕could ＋V原形表示对现在的状态特征推测 Can／could ＋be doing表示对正在进行的动作的推测 Can／could ＋have done表示对过去的推测 He can’t be at home now. He can be studying now. He could have gone to school. It’s Sunday. 但是情态动词表示推测时其反义疑问句应根据动词的实际事态而变化。 ⑷. could have done 本能够，本可以 You could have borrowed my car. I wasn’t using it. You could have come earlier. ⑸表示说话人的惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度（主要用于否定句、疑问句和感叹句中） Can he be working till so late? How can you be so careless! 2. May ／Might ⑴. 表示征求意见，请求和许可。 May I smoke here? Yes , you may. No , you mustn’t／’d better not ／can’t. You may smoke. ⑵. 表示推测，may可能性比might大，不如can语气强烈。可能也许，通常用于肯定句中。ma y／might＋v原形表示对现在的状态特征推测 ma y／might＋be doing表示对正在进行的动作的推测
外研版高中英语必修二课本原版(电子版)
Module 1 Our body and Healthy Habits Introduction Look at these words and expressions. Which of them are connected with illness? dentist diet fat fit flu (influenza) get/catch a cold health rare toothache unhealthy wealthy Read the proverbs and try to explain them in English. ?You are what you eat. % ?Healthy mind in a healthy body. % ?Early to bed, early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. % ?An apple a day keeps the doctor away. % Vocabulary and Reading 1.Look at these words and answer the questions. anxious; break (as in break an arm); captain; fever; injure; injury; pain; painful; normal; sweets
1. Which word is connected with food? 2. Which words are connected with body? 3. Which word means usual or ordinary? 4. Which word means leader? 5. Which word means worried about something that may happen? Zhou Kai (1) When Zhou Kai's mother saw him heading towards the front door without a jacket on, she eyed him anxiously. "Zhou Kai, where are you going?" she asked. "To the park. I'm going to play football," said Zhou Kai. "But it's raining! You'll catch a bad cold," said his mother. "No, I won't. I'll be fine," said Zhou Kai, as he opened the door. "Zhou Kai, you'll get ill. You know you will. You can at least go and get your jacket." "OK, OK." Zhou Kai went and did as he was told.
高中英语情态动词教案
情态动词 1．shall (1)表示命令、许诺、警告、强制、威胁、决心等，一般用于第二、三人称中，并用于陈述句。 The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school unless acpanied by an adult. 学校制度规定，除非有家长陪伴，任何孩子不准离开学校。 You shall not get my support if you do such a thing. 假如你做那种事，我就不支持你。 (2)用于征求对方的意见或指示，用在第一、三人称的疑问句中。 —Has Mr Wang arrived? ——王先生到了吗？ —Yes，already.Shall he wait outside or just e in? ——是的，已经到了。他是进来，还是在外面等？ 2．must (1)表示禁止(用于否定句) Smoking must not be allowed in the office. 严禁在办公室吸烟。 (2)表示“偏执”“固执” Why must you be talking so loudly while others are studying? 为什么在别人正学习的时候，你非得这么大声说话呢？ 3．should (1)表示预测可能性，并意为“可能，(按道理)应该”。 It’s nearly 7 o’clock.Jack should be here at the moment. 快7点了，杰克此刻应该在这儿了。 (2)竟然，居然 I am surprised that you should speak in such a way. 我很惊奇你居然用那种口气说话。 4．would 与used to would 可表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向，后面接表示动作的动词，不能接表示状态的
外研版高中英语必修一全部单词
Words and expressions in NSE SH books 1-8 必修1 1课 1.academic adj. 学术的(SH1 M1 P1) 2.province n.省(SH1 M1 P2) 3.enthusiastic adj.热心的(SH1 M1 P2) 4.amazing adj.令人吃惊的；令人惊讶的 (SH1 M1 P2) https://www.360docs.net/doc/6a17727434.html,rmation n.信息 (SH1 M1 P2) 6.website n.网站；网址(SH1 M1 P2) 7.brilliant adj. （口语）极好的(SH1 M1 P2) https://www.360docs.net/doc/6a17727434.html,prehension n.理解；领悟(SH1 M1 P2) 9.instruction n.（常作复数）指示；说明(SH1 M1 P2) 10.method n.方法(SH1 M1 P3) 11.bored adj.厌烦的; 厌倦的(SH1 M1 P3) 12.embarrassed adj.尴尬的；难堪的；困窘的(SH1 M1 P3) 13.attitude n.态度(SH1 M1 P3) 14.behaviour n.行为；举动(SH1 M1 P3) 15.previous adj. 以前的；从前的(SH1 M1 P3) 16.description n.记述；描述(SH1 M1 P3) 17.amazed adj.吃惊的；惊讶的(SH1 M1 P2) 18.embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的；令人难堪的(SH1 M1 P4) 19.technology n.技术(SH1 M1 P4) 20.impress vt.使印象深刻(SH1 M1 P4) 21.correction n.改正；纠正(SH1 M1 P5) 22.encouragement n.鼓励；激励(SH1 M1 P5) 23.enjoyment n.享受；乐趣(SH1 M1 P5) 24.fluency n.流利；流畅(SH1 M1 P5) 25.misunderstanding n.误解(SH1 M1 P5) 26.disappointed adj.失望的(SH1 M1 P6) 27.disappointing adj.令人失望的(SH1 M1 P7) 28.system n.制度；体系；系统(SH1 M1 P7) 29.teenager n.少年(SH1 M1 P8) 30.disappear vi.消失(SH1 M1 P8) 31.move vi.搬家(SH1 M1 P8) 32.assistant n.助手；助理(SH1 M1 P8) 33.cover vt.包含(SH1 M1 P9) 34.diploma n.文凭；毕业证书(SH1 M1 P9)
外研版高中英语必修二Module 2
Module 2 Developing and Developed Countries 单元测试 第一节单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 1. The team leaders agreed ______ work together to improve their living conditions. A. with B. to C. on D. over 2. — ___________________ ? —Very interesting. A. Have you ever seen the film B. Are you interested in the film C. What’s the film about D. How do you find the film 3. China is a _____ country _____ to the third world. A. developed; belongs B. developing; belonging C. developing; belonged D. developed; belonged 4. — Would you like to come to dinner tonight? —I’d like to, ______ I’m too busy. A. and B. so C. but D. as 5. — I want to go to the post office. —_____ you are there, can you get me some stamps? A. As B. While C. Because D. Until 6. Several new railways are under ______ in China. A. construction B. condition C. surrounding D. discussion 7. In Africa, many people die of ______ every year. A. hungry B. hunger C. cold D. food 8. ______ he is a child, he can speak English. A. Although B. But C. As D. While 9. In my opinion, success should not be ______ only by how much money you have but also by many other things. A. decided B. replaced C. measured D. realized 10. —Why don’t we use our natural resources and scenery(风景) to develop ______? —Yes, that’s a good idea. A. industry B. business C. project D. tourism 11. He went back to his office to ______ that he had shut off the computer. A. make sure B. believe in C. make progress D. care about 12. The fire in that gas station made all the ______ around it frightened. A. characters B. inhabitants C. participants D. committee 13. Many parents send their children to study in foreign countries but he chooses to ______ his at home.
高中英语专题复习——情态动词用法教案
一、教学内容：情态动词 二、教学目标： 1、掌握情态动词的基本用法 2、掌握情态动词辨析 三、教学重难点： 1、从整体上把握情态动词的语法和语义特征 2、掌握每个情态动词在实际语境中的用法特点及功能 四、教学过程 （一）情态动词的基本用法 1、情态动词的类型和特征 2、情态动词的用法 （1）can/could的用法 以can开头的一般疑问句，其肯定与否定回答分别用can和can’t. （2）may/might的用法
?can 和may都可用来表征求意见或许可，意为“可以“，一般可互换。 （3）must的用法 ?在疑问句和否定句中一般用can 表示推测，否定句中也可用may，但may not表示“可能不“，而can’t表示”不可能“。在否定句中，mustn’t表示禁止，”不允许“。 （4）need 和dare的用法 二者既可作情态动词也可作实义动词
（5）shall(should),will(would)的用法 （6）题组练习 ?Don’t drive too fast, or you ＿＿＿have a accident. ?May I park my car here? No, you ＿＿＿.You should park the car in the car park. ?What a nice day! ＿＿＿we go surfing? Good idea. ?You ＿＿＿worry about him. He is old enough to look after himself. ?There is a book on the ground. It ＿＿＿be John’s. Look! His photo is in it. ? A teacher ＿＿＿also make a mistake if he is not careful enough.
外研版高中英语必修一课文
Module 1 My First Day at Senior High My name is Li live in Shijiazhuang, a city not far from Beijing.It is the capital city of Hebei Province.Today is my first day at Senior High school and I’m writing down my thoughts about it. My new school is very good and I can see why. The teachers are very enthusiastic and friendly and the classrooms are amazing.Every room has a computer with a special screen, almost as big as a cinema screen. The teachers write on the computer, and their words appear on the screen behind them. The screens also show photographs, text and information from websites.They’re brilliant! The English class is really interesting. The teacher is a very enthusiastic woman called Ms Shen.We’re using a new textbook and Ms Shen’s method of teaching is nothing like the teachers at my Junior High school. She thinks that reading comprehension is important, but we speak a lot in class, too. And we have fun.I don’t think I will be bored in Ms Shen’s class! Today we introduced ourselves to each other.We did this in groups.Some students were embarrassed at first but everyone was very friendly and it was really nice. Ms Shen gave us instructions and then we worked by ourselves.Ms Shen wants to help us improve our spelling and handwriting. We do this in a fun way, with spelling games and
外研版高中英语必修二2-2
语篇提能 Ⅰ.完形填空 My dad left me a treasure when he died. It wasn't a mansion or a car. It wasn't cash or bank accounts. In the eyes of the world, my dad died a __1__ man. He was a simple mechanic (技工) who worked hard to __2__ his family. My dad's __3__，rather, was in the thousand wonderful __4__ that he gave me over the course of his life. One particular one __5__ in my mind today. I was just a boy playing in the backyard of a friend's house while my __6__ spent the afternoon under the hood (引擎罩) of his beat up(破旧的) old car trying to get it __7__ again. It seemed to take __8__，and I wasn't sure if he could bring the ancient car back to __9__ this time. At long last, though, he closed the hood and turned the key in the ignition (点火装置). There was a sweet smile of __10__ on his face as the engine purred (呜呜叫). There was a twinkle (闪耀) of __11__ in his eye when he shook his head and __12__ to accept anything for his work. And there was a quiet hum of happiness in his voice as we drove back home that day. This memory made a home in my __13__ and became a priceless pearl for me to __14__. Time and time again Dad __15__ me that a good life, a kind life and a giving life is __16__ one choice at a time. Not all of his choices were the right ones, __17__ most of them were. He did the __18__ he could. He lived the best he could. And he helped to __19__ the best in me too. As I look back into that treasure trove (珍藏物) of memories that Dad left me, I realize that each one of them __20__ me to live and to love: one choice at a time. 1．A.cold B．poor C．rich D．proud