【十年高考】2004-2013年全国各地高考英语试题分类汇编：动词时态语态(56页)
【十年高考】2004-2013年全国各地高考英语试题分类汇编：动词时态语态
〖04全国Ⅰ〗—Has Sam finished his homework today?
—I have no idea. He ____ it this morning.
A. did
B. has done
C. was doing
D. had done
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗该题根据交际情景考查动词时态的用法。第一句问今天做完作业没有, 问结果；他今天早晨（过去某段时间内）还在做（正在进行的动作）应当用过去进行时态。句意：“萨姆今天做完作业了吗？”“我不知道。他今天早晨还在做呢。”
〖04全国Ⅰ〗Sarah, hurry up! I’m afraid you can’t have time to________before the party.
A.get changed
B.get change
C.get changing
D.getting change
〖答案〗A
〖考点〗检查考生动词的语态的掌握和运用能力。
〖解析〗get+过去分词。此句为“get”型被动, get changed 的含义为“换衣服”。同样的情况还有：get dressed, get killed, get burned等。
〖04全国Ⅰ〗Let’s keep to the point or we ________any decisions.
A.will never reach
B.have never reached
C.never reach
D.never reached 〖答案〗A
〖考点〗考查特定句式结构里面时态的运用。
〖解析〗“祈使句+or(or else/otherwise)+分句”句式结构, 在or(or else/otherwise)后面的分句里面常用一般将来时, 其他三个选项都不符合这一句式的时态要求。再如: Get up early tomorrow and you will see him.
〖04全国I〗My mind wasn't on what he was saying so I'm afraid I ______ half of it.
A. was missing
B. had missed
C. will miss
D. missed
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗根据语境不难看出空格处用一般过去时态表过去的客观事实, 和前半句构成逻辑上的因果关系。译文：我的注意力没有放在他的讲话上, 恐怕漏过了一半内容。
〖04全国I〗—The window is dirty. — I know. It ________ for weeks.
A. hasn’t cleaned
B. didn’t clean
C. wasn’t cleaned
D. hasn’t been cleaned
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗该题是根据交际情景中考查动词时态与语态。
〖解析〗关键词for weeks, 考虑现在完成时, 表示到目前为止的结果, 好几周不擦了；窗户与擦的关系是被动关系, 故被动语态。句意；“窗户很脏了。”“我知道。好几周没有擦了。”注：由终止性动词leave, arrive, come, go, return, begin, start, put, stop, start, put, stop, die, fall, buy, borrow, see等构成的完成时不能与for或since引导的时间状语连用。但这些终止性动词的否定式可以与for或since短语连用。如：I haven’t met him for two years.
〖04全国II〗I ________ you not to move my dictionary—now I can’t find it.
A. asked
B. ask
C. was asking
D. had asked
〖答案〗A
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗由now可知前句的意思是：我曾经叫你不要搬动我的词典的(你偏不听)。“叫”是在过去发生的动作, 用一般过去时。
〖04全国II〗According to the art dealer, the painting _____ to go for at least a million dollars. A. is expected B. expects C. expected D. is expecting
〖答案〗A
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗此句中the painting和谓语expect为被动关系, 句意为：据那位艺术品经营商讲, 这幅画有望增值至少一百万美元。类似的结构有：It’s said’/reported/known/understood…that
从句, 有消息说, 有报道, 不言而喻等。同义转换为sth. is said/ reported/known+不定式。例如：It’s said that she has been studying abroad for two years.=She is said to have been studying abroad for two years. It’s reported that Jay Zhou is reported to hold a solo concert in Beijing next month.
〖04全国III〗---Thank goodness, you’re here! What ______ you?
---Traffic jam.
A. keeps
B. is keeping
C. had kept
D. kept
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗根据第一句, “交通阻止对方按时到达”这个动作已经发生；C项无参照时间, 应排除。〖04北京〗— What’s the terrible noise？— The neighbours ____ for a party.
A. have prepared
B. are preparing
C. prepare
D. will prepare
〖答案〗B
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗上下文语境告诉我们是讲现在正在发生的事。
〖04福建〗—You were out when I dropped in at your house.
—Oh, I ____ for a friend from England at the airport.
A. was waiting
B. had waited
C. am waiting
D. have waited
〖答案〗A
〖考点〗该题是根据交际情景考查动词时态的用法。
〖解析〗该题是强调在过去某一时间（你来我家时）正在进行的动作（在机场等人）, 用过去进行时。句意：“我顺路去你家时, 你不在家。”“啊, （那个时候）我在机场等从英国来的朋友。”
〖04上海〗The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people ____ to eat more fruit and vegetables.
A. persuaded
B. will persuade C . be persuaded D. are persuaded 〖答案〗D
〖考点〗结合时态对考生进行考查语态。
〖解析〗根据选项中persuade这个词是及物动词这一点, 就可以排除A和B, 因为我们经常说persuade sb, to do sth然而题干中没有它的宣宾语, 所以应该用被动语态。主句为将来时, if从句应该用现在时表示将来。
〖04广东〗All the employees except the manager ____ to work online at home.
A.encourages
B. encourage
C. is encouraged
D. are encouraged 〖答案〗D
〖考点〗本题考查时态和主谓一致。
〖解析〗主语是all the employees(复数) , 而不是the manager, 排除答案A和C；又因all the employees与encourage是被动关系, 要用被动语态, 排除B, 故选D。
〖04北京〗The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics _____by 2006.
A. has been completed
B. has completed
C. will have been completed
D. will have completed
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗结合语境, 应用被动形式；by 2006说明该动作现在尚未结束。
〖04北京〗Now that she is out of a job, Lucy ____going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet.
A. had considered
B. has been considering
C. considered
D. is going to consider 〖答案〗B
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗根据but she hasn’t decided yet (尚未决定) 可知, 从开始失业时起一直在考虑再去上学, 现在还在考虑。表示从过去某一时刻开始一直到现在, 并且现在依然在发生的动作, 用现在完成进行时, 现在完成进行时由“have/has been doing”构成, 所以选B。
〖04天津〗― What were you doing when Tony phoned you?
― I had just finished my work and _____to take a shower.
A. had started
B. started
C. have started
D. was starting
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗过去进行时在此表示过去准备要做的事。句意为：(Tony给我打电话时)我刚好做完工作, 准备去冲凉。
〖04江苏〗Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people ____ to enjoy the advantages of this new technology.
A. begin
B. began
C. have begun
D. had begun
〖答案〗B
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗when引导的是一个非限制性定语从句, when指20世纪90年代初, 当然用一般过去时。
〖04北京〗—What’s that terrible noise?
—The neighbors ________ for a party.
A. have prepared
B. are preparing
C. prepare
D. will prepare
〖答案〗B
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗由What’s=What is可知, 现在在出声音；进而知道“邻居们正在为一个晚会作准备”, 所以用现在进行时态。再说, 已经准备好了或者将作准备, 我们不可能听得到声音, 问句也就不成立了, 排除A和D。
〖04北京〗The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, ________ visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.
A. was
B. were
C. had been
D. would be
〖答案〗A
〖考点〗此题考查主谓一致和动词的时态。
〖解析〗当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词引起的短语时, 谓语动词与前面的主语一致。即与the teacher保持一致, 由此可以排除B；因事情发生在地震的时候, 谓语动词应用过去进行时。故答案为A项。
〖04辽宁〗It is said in the book that Thomas Edison (1847—1931) ________ the world-leading inventor for sixty years.
A. would be
B. has been
C. had been
D. was
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗根据括号内的1847—1931可知, 此处应填过去时态；另外, 由于没有另一个过去的时间或动作与之比较, 故不能用过去完成时, 即只能选D。
〖04江苏〗More patients ______ in hospital this year than last year.
A. treated
B. have treated
C. had been treated
D. have been treated
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗语境侧重表示被动意义和现在的状况。
〖04浙江〗The discussion ______ alive when an interesting topic was brought in.
A. was coming
B. had come
C. has come
D. came
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗由when…was brought in可知, come也是过去发生的事, 用一般过去时。句意是：当引入一个有趣的话题时, 那场讨论又变得活跃起来。
〖04浙江〗Because the shop _____, all the T-shirts are sold at half price.
A. has closed down
B. closed down
C. is closing down
D. had closed down 〖答案〗C
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗现在进行时态表示将要发生的动作：商店关闭。
〖04福建〗She has set a new record, that is, the sales of her latest book ____ 50 million.
A. have reached
B. has reached
C. are reaching
D. had reached 〖答案〗A
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗因为that is意为“换句话说, 即(=in other words, which means)”, 而前句中的谓语has set是现在完成时, 后一句的谓语动词也应用现在完成时, 排除C和D；又因主语the sales是复数, 选出正确答案A。
〖04湖北〗He kept looking at her, wondering whether he ____ her somewhere.
A. saw
B. has seen
C. sees
D. had seen 〖答案〗D
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗因为由语境可知, see应当发生在kept looking之前, 即过去的过去, 所以用过去完成时, 只有D正确。
〖04湖北〗— George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to their wedding?
—No, I ___. Did they have a big wedding?
A. was not invited
B. have not been invited
C. hadn’t been invited
D. didn’t invite
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗没有被邀请发生在George and Lucy举行婚礼之前, 即过去的过去。
〖04湖南〗Turn on the television or open a magazine and you _____ advertisements showing happy families.
A. will often see
B. often see
C. are often seeing
D. have often seen 〖答案〗A
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗这是“祈使句+and +陈述句”句型, 祈使句相当于一个条件状语从句, and后的陈述句的谓语用一般将来时, 这是一个较为固定的句型。
〖04湖南〗--- I hear Jane has gone to the Holy Island for her holiday.
---- Ob, how nice! Do you know when she ______ ?
A. was leaving
B. had left
C. has left
D. left
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗left是发生在过去的一个动作, 与上文呼应。
〖04重庆〗The crazy fans ____ patiently for two hours, and they would wait till the movie star arrived.
A. were waiting
B. had been waiting
C. had waited
D. would wait 〖答案〗B
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗因为would wait是过去将来时, 可见此事发生在过去, 再结合for two hours可知, wait 这个动作是从过去某一时刻开始一直延续到另一个过去时刻, 并且还在等, 一直要等到那位影星到来, 所以用过去完成进行时：had been doing, 因此选B。
〖04重庆〗She ______her hairstyle in her hometown before she came to Chongqing for a better job.
A. would change
B. has changed
C. changed
D. was changing
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗由came可知, 她已来重庆了, 而改变发型是在来重庆之前, 即过去的过去, 按理要用过去完成时, 但before已经表明紧接着发生的先后两个动作, 所以也可用一般过去时, 所以选C。
〖04上海〗The first use of atomic weapons was in 1945, and their power _____ increased enormously ever since.
A. is
B. was
C. has been
D. had been
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗ever since暗示应用现在进行时态。
〖04上海春〗Although he has lived with us for years, he _______us much impression.
A. hadn’t left
B. didn’t leave
C. doesn’t leave
D. hasn’t left 〖答案〗C
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗句意为“尽管他和我们生活了好多年, 但没给我们留下多少印象”。根据前句中的现在完成时可知, 下句是强调的现在的状态, 因此用一般现在时。
〖03 NMET〗Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge? It will ________ fresh for several days. A. be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed
〖答案〗B
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗stay是系动词不能用被动语态, 故排除A；系动词一般不用于进行时(feel除外), 故排除C；stay为非延续性动词, 不能与表示一段时间的状语连用, 故排除D。句意为“你为什么不把肉放在冰箱里呢？那样会保质好几天”。
〖04北京春〗How can you possibly miss the news? It ________ on TV all day long.
A. has been
B. had been
C. was
D. will be
〖答案〗A
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗根据句中all day long来判断, 此句是强调播放新闻对现在的影响, 故用现在完成时。意为“你怎么可能没看到新闻？整天都在播放”。
〖04北京春〗－Sorry to have interrupted you. Please go on.
－Where was I?
－You ________ you didn’t like your father’s job.
A. had said
B. said
C. were saying
D. had been saying
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗用过去进行时态表示过去某一特定时刻正在进行的动作。此处是指“我”的话在被打断前正在谈论的情况。句意为“对不起打断你的话, 请继续”。“我说哪儿了？”“你在说你不喜欢你父亲的工作”。
〖04北京春〗I arrived late; I ________ the road to be so icy.
A. wouldn’t expect
B. haven’t expected
C. hadn’t expected
D. wasn’t expecting
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗由I arrived late可知是过去的情况。I haddn’t expected表示过去没有料到。句意为“我迟到了。我没料到路面结冰”。
〖04北京春〗I ________ while reading the English textbook. Luckily, my roommate woke me up in time!
A. had fallen asleep
B. have fallen asleep
C. fell asleep
D. fall asleep
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗while 从句用过去进行时, 主句用过去时, 表示在某个动作的持续过程中, 发生过某事。句意为“我在读英语课本时睡着了。幸亏我的室友及时叫醒了我”。
〖05全国I〗—What would you do if it________tomorrow ?
—We have to carry it on , since we’ve got everything ready .
A. rain
B. rains
C. will rain
D. is raining
〖答案〗B
〖考点〗检查考生对状语从句中时态的掌握和运用能力。
〖解析〗在状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来, it 是第三人称单数, 动词后加s。
〖05全国I〗The hero’s story ______differently in the newspapers.
A. was reported
B. was reporting
C. reports
D. reported
〖答案〗A
〖考点〗检查考生对被动语态和时态的掌握和运用能力。
〖解析〗这句话的意思是：这个英雄的故事在报纸上报道的不同。
〖05全国I〗The coffee is wonderful ! It doesn’t taste like anything I _____ before .
A. was having
B. have
C. have ever had
D. had ever had
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗检查考生对时态的掌握和运用能力。
〖解析〗根据这句话的意思以及后面的副词before可知是对现在造成的影响, 用现在完成时。〖05全国III〗Listen to the two girls by the window. What language ___________?
A. did they speak
B. were they speaking
C. are they speaking
D. have they been speaking
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗根据Listen to…可知, speak 这一动作正在进行。
〖05全国III〗－Did you tell Julia about the result?
－Oh, no, I forgot. I ________ her now.
A. will be calling
B. will call
C. call
D. am to call
〖答案〗B
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗表示临时的决定, 要用“will+动词原形”。另外某些短暂性动词(尤其是表示位置移动的短暂性动词)有时还可以用现在进行时表示将来意义。
〖05北京〗He _________ more that 5,000 English words when he entered the university at the age of 15.
A. has learned
B. would have learned
C. learned
D. had learned
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗因为上大学是过去, 学了五千个英语单词是在上大学之前, 即“过去的过去”, 所以用过去完成时。
〖05北京〗Scientists think that the continents __________ always where they _________ today.
A. aren’t; are
B. aren’t; were
C. weren’t; are
D. wer en’t; were
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗句意是：科学家认为各大陆并非一直在它们现在所处的位置。既然过去的位置与现在的位置不同, 所以谈论过去情况用一般过去时。
〖05北京〗As soon as he comes back, I’ll tell him when __________ and see him.
A. you will come
B. will you come
C. you come
D. do you come
〖答案〗A
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗when 引导的是宾语从句, 不是状语从句。
〖05北京〗– Why did you leave that position?
-- I __________ a better position at IBM.
A. offer
B. offered
C. am offered
D. was offered
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗我与提供（offer）之间为被动关系, 且动作发生在过去。故使用一般过去时的被动语态。
〖05广东〗Years ago we didn't know this, but recent science ____ that people who don't sleep well soon get ill.
A. showed
B. has shown
C. will show
D. is showing
〖答案〗B
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗由表示对照的Years ago和recent可知, “以前不知”, 但“现在已经证明了”, 所以用现在完成时。
〖05广东〗The policeman's attention was suddenly caught by a small box which ______ placed under the Minister's car.
A. has been
B. was being
C. had been
D. would be
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗因为这个小盒子“被放在部长车下”发生在“引起警察注意”之前, 即“过去的过去”, 所以用过去完成时。
〖05湖北〗When the old man ______ to walk back to his house ,the sun _____ itself behind the mountain.
A. started ;had already hidden
B. had started ;had already hidden
C. had started ;was hiding
D. was starting; hid
〖答案〗A
〖考点〗考查动词时态。
〖解析〗主句的动作在前, 从句的动作在后, 从句中谓语动词started to walk back表示过去时间点, 因此主句的动作应用过去完成时。
〖05湖北〗He was hoping to go abroad but his parents ______ that they won’t support him unless he can borrow money from the bank.
A. were deciding
B. have decided
C. decided
D. will decide
〖答案〗B
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗have decided现在完成时表示父母已经决定了。因宾语从句中的时态是一般将来时, 主句中的谓语动词不可能是过去时态, 排除选项A和C；由语境判断, 不是“将要决定”, 而是“现在已经决定”, 所以排除D, 而选B
〖05福建〗Father _________for L ondon on business upon my arrival, so I didn’t see him.
A. has left
B. left
C. was leaving
D. had left
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗根据“我没见到他”可知, “在我到达”前“父亲已经去伦敦”了, 即父亲去伦敦发生在“过去的过去”, 故用过去完成时。
〖05湖南〗– If the traffic hadn't been so heavy, I could have been hack by 6 o'clock.
-- What a pity! Tina _____ here to see you.
A. is
B. was
C. would be
D. has been
〖答案〗B
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗尽管上面一句用的是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气, 但后面一句谈的却是发生在过去的一件真实情况, 故用一般过去时。
〖05江苏〗They _______ on the program for almost one week before I joined them, and now we ________ it as no good results have come out so far.
A. had been working; are still working
B. had worked; were still working
C. have been working; have worked
D. have worked; are still working
〖答案〗A
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗此题考查的是时态问题。从before引导的从句中的过去时态可知主句的时态应为过去完成时。故排除C、D。now一词提示用现在进行时, 表示“他们一直工作了一周”, 强调动作的连续。
〖05江西〗—Hurry up ! Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate .
—Oh ! I thought they _______without me .
A. went
B. are going
C. have gone
D. had gone
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗因为thought(原以为)用的是过去时, 所以他们“走了”就是“过去的过去”, 故用过去完成时。
〖05上海〗More than a dozen students in that school _______ around to study medicine last year.
A. sent
B. were sent
C. had sent
D. had been sent
〖答案〗B
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗l ast year表示过去, 再者主语是复数形式。
〖05上海〗At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and _______ down to eat our picnic lunch.
A. sitting
B. having sat
C. to sit
D. sat
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗由句中的and 可知, 此句为并列结构, 且空格处填sat, 与其前的谓语动词found 并列。
〖05浙江〗My brother is an actor. He _________ in several films so far.
A. appears
B. appeared
C. has appeared
D. is appearing
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗so far(到目前为止)通常与现在完成时连用。
〖05浙江〗—Are you still busy?
—Yes, I _________ my work, and it won’t take long.
A. just finish
B. am just finishing
C. have just finished
D. am just going to finish 〖答案〗B
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗由it won’t take long可知即将做完了, 用现在进行时表示即将发生的事；选项D表示“正打算做完”, 与句意不符。
〖05山东〗With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ______ each year.
A. is washing away
B. is being washed away
C. are washing away
D. are being washed away
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗本题考查时态和主谓一致。
〖解析〗本题考查了两个知识点。其一是主谓一致：根据quantity的用法, quantities of +复数名词, a quantity of +单数名词, 故排除A、B项；其二考查了语态, 土壤是被冲走的, 故选择D。
〖05山东〗The country life he was used to _________ greatly since 1992.
A. change
B. has changed
C. changing
D. have changed
〖答案〗B
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗since 1992这类时间状语通常与现在完成时连用。主句主语是the country life, 句中he was used to是省略了关系代词that的定语从句。
〖05重庆〗—What’s wrong with your coat?
— Just now when I wanted to get off the bus, the man next to me ____ on it.
A. sat
B. had sat
C. had been sitting
D. was sitting
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗考查时态的运用。
〖解析〗〗指在过去的某个时间点when I wanted to get off the bus正在发生的事情, 运用过去进行时态。意思是：我要下车的时候, 边上的那个人正坐在我的外套上。
〖05重庆〗— What are you going to do this afternoon?
— I am going to die cinema with some friends. The film_____ quite early, so we____ to the bookstore after that.
A. finished; are going
B. finished ; go
C. finishes; are going
D. finishes; go 〖答案〗C
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗由问句和答语I am going…可知, 要用将来时态, 排除选项A和B；电影的开始和结束是电影院在时刻表中已有的计划, 用一般现在时表示, 而表示最近的打算或安排, 则可用现在进行时表示。
〖05重庆〗Millions of pounds' worth of damage _____ by a storm which swept across the north of England last nigh
A. has been caused
B. had been caused
C. will be caused
D. will have been caused
〖答案〗A
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗“storm”后的定语从句有明确的时间状语“last night”, 故主语时态应确定为完成时, 但D项为将来完成时, 显然与语境不符。B项为过去完成时, 但本句强调昨晚发生的风暴对现在的影响。
〖05天津〗By the time Jane gets home, her aunt _______for London to attend a meeting.
A. will leave
B. leaves
C. will have left
D. left 〖答案〗C
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗by短语常与完成时连用, 这里面的gets home是用现在表将亚, 实际上是指明一个将亚的时间, 不失为主句用将亚完成时。意思是：到jane到农的时候, 她的姑姑已经离开家去伦敦参加一个会议了。
〖05安徽〗The manager had fallen asleep where he ______, without undressing.
A. was laying
B. was lying
C. had laid
D. had lied
〖答案〗B
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗句意为：经理没脱衣服, 就在他躺着的地方睡着了。A正在放置；C已经放置；D已说谎。
〖05辽宁〗Susan decided not to work on the progr am at home because she didn’t want her parents to know what she __________.
A. has done
B. had done
C. was doing
D. is doing
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗用过去进行时表示过去正在进行的动作。因decided 和didn’t want 都是过去式, 排除选项A和D；因“做”发生在“决定”之后, 而不是之前, 故不能用过去完成时, 排除选项B。〖05辽宁〗Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which _______ the Pacific, and we met no storms.
A. was called
B. is called
C. had been called
D. has been called 〖答案〗B
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗虽然航海发生在过去, 但是海洋的名称不会因此而变化, 所以要用一般现在时。〖05天津〗They have a good knowledge of English but little _______they know about German.
A. have
B. did
C. had
D. do
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗本题考查时态和倒装。
〖解析〗考查倒装句型. little 是否定词, 放句首, 谓语部分倒装, 借助于助动词do. 故选答案D.
〖05湖南〗Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasn't stopped ringing. People _____ to
ask how I am going to spend the money.
A. phone
B. will phone
C. were phoning
D. are phoning
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗指赢大奖以来近阶段正在发生的事, 用现在进行时〖06全国Ⅰ〗The house belongs to my aunt but she ________here any more.
A.hasn’t lived
B.didn’t live
C.hadn’t lived
D.doesn’t live
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗考查动词的时态。
〖解析〗句意为：这所房子是我阿姨的, 但她（现在）不住这儿了。指的是现在的居住情况, 故D项符合。
〖06全国Ⅱ〗John, a friend of mine, who got married only last week, spent $ 3, 000 more than he
________for the wedding.
A.will plan
B.has planned
C.would plan
D.had planned
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗考查动词的时态。
〖解析〗plan表示的动作发生在spend这一过去动作之前, 故应该用过去完成时。句意为：我的朋友约翰上周结婚了, 婚礼花去了3 000美元, 超过了原计划。
〖06北京〗—________leave at the end of this month.
—I don’t think you should do that until ________another job.
A.I’m going to;you’d found
B.I’m going to;you’ve found
C.I’ll;you’ll find
D.I’ll;you’d find
〖答案〗B
〖考点〗考查动词的时态。
〖解析〗be going to do sth.按计划将要做某事。此句意为:我打算在这个月末离开。——我认为在你没有找到另一份工作之前你不应该离开。
〖06辽宁〗The father as well as his three children________skating on the frozen river every
Sunday afternoon in winter.
A.is going
B.go
C.goes
D.are going
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗考查动词的时态。
〖解析〗as well as+n./pron.短语结构不影响句子的主谓关系, 即句子的主语应是the father；由every Sunday afternoon in winter可知应用一般现在时态。
〖06辽宁〗I think it is necessary for my 19-year-old son to have his own mobile phone, for I
sometimes want to make sure if he________home for dinner.
https://www.360docs.net/doc/733594473.html,e
https://www.360docs.net/doc/733594473.html,es
C.has come
D.will come
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗考查动词的时态。
〖解析〗根据句意, 应用will come表将来。
〖06浙江〗My friend, who ________on the International Olympic Committee all his life, is
retiring next month.
A.served
B.is serving
C.had served
D.has served
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗考查动词的时态。
〖解析〗根据时间状语all his life判断, 此处应用完成时态。根据主句的谓语动词is retiring知, 应用现在完成时态。
〖06福建〗Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts.The plane________.
A.takes off
B.is taking off
C.has taken off
D.took off
〖答案〗B
〖考点〗考查动词的时态。
〖解析〗动词go, come, leave及词组take off等用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。
〖06湖南〗In a room above the store, where a party________, some workers were busily setting
the table.
A.was to be held
B.has been held
C.will be held
D.is being held
〖答案〗A
〖考点〗考查动词的时态与语态。
〖解析〗根据“some workers were busily setting the table”判断, 聚会还没举行, 应用将来时态, 且整个句子用
了过去时, 故用过去将来时态。
〖06湖北〗I won’t tell the student the answer to the math problem until he________on it for
more than an hour.
A.has been working
B.will have worked
C.will have been working
D.had worked
〖答案〗A
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗主句为一般将来时态, 时间状语从句需用一般现在时或现在完成时, 因此选A项.
〖06重庆〗I have to go to work by taxi because my car________at the garage.
A.will be repaired
B.is repaired
C.is being repaired
D.has been repaired
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗考查动词的时态与语态。
〖解析〗根据句意“我不得不乘出租车去上班, 因为我的车正在修理厂修理。”可知此处应用现在进行时的被动语态。
〖06重庆〗I ________in London for many years, but I’ve never regretted my final decision to move back to China.
A.lived
B.was living
C.have lived
D.had lived
〖答案〗A
〖考点〗考查动词的时态。
〖解析〗根据后一句判断, 我已回中国了, 因此在伦敦住了多年是过去的事了, 故用过去时态。
〖06山东〗Although the causes of cancer________, we do not yet have any practical way to
prevent it.
A.are being uncovered
B.have been uncovering
C.are uncovering
D.have uncovered
〖答案〗A
〖考点〗本题考查时态和语态。
〖解析〗由后半句的not yet可知, uncover这一动作仍在进行中, 而uncover与the cause of cancer构成逻辑上的动宾关系, 所以uncover须用被动语态。
〖06北京〗—Your job________open for your return.—Thanks.
A.will be kept
B.will keep
C.had kept
D.had been kept
〖答案〗A
〖考点〗本题考查时态和语态。
〖解析〗keep the job/the position open使工作、职位等处于空缺状态, 由句意“随时欢迎你回来工作”可知用将来时。
〖06北京〗—Where did you put the keys of the car?
—Oh, I ________I put them on the chair because the phone rang as I________in.
A.remembered;come
B.remembered;was coming
C.remember;come
D.remember;was coming
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗考查动词时态。
〖解析〗remember是说话者说话时的思维活动, 应用一般现在时。remember宾语从句的内容发生在以前, 故用过去时态。
〖06辽宁〗It is said that the early European playing cards_____for entertainment and education.
A.were being designed
B.have designed
C.have been designed
D.were designed
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗本题考查时态和语态。
〖解析〗句意为：据说早期欧洲的扑克牌是为娱乐和教育的目的而设计的。很明显应用一般过去时态。
〖06浙江〗This machine________.It hasn’t worked for years.
A.didn’t work
B.wasn’t working
C.doesn’t work
D.isn’t working
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗考查动词的时态。
〖解析〗根据第二句可知, 这台机器已经多年不转了, 由此判断前一句是说这台机器目前的状况, 应用一般现在时态。一般现在时可用来表示现在时刻存在着的状态, 而且这种状态带有一定的持续性。
〖06福建〗The moment the 28th Olympic Games________open, the whole world cheered.
A.declared
B.have been declared
C.have declared
D.were declared 〖答案〗D
〖考点〗考查时态和语态。
〖解析〗句意为：宣布第28届奥运会开幕的那一刻, 世界人民沸腾了。the 28th Olympic Games作主语, 因此用被动语态；declare是状语从句的谓语, 故用过去时态。
〖06湖南〗I was giving a talk to a large group of people, the same talk I_______to half a dozen
other groups.
A.was giving
B.am giving
C.had given
D.have given
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗考查时态的用法。
〖解析〗解析因前一句的时态是过去时, 而我给其他六个组做报告发生在给许多人做报告之前, 故用过去完成时态。
〖06重庆〗Isn’t it time you got down to ________the papers?
A.mark
B.be marked
C.being marked
D.marking
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗本题考查动词短语及非谓动词的用法。
〖解析〗get down to “着手干某事”。to为介词, 因此后面应接名词和
动名词。
〖06山东〗Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to________since the flood hit the area last Friday.
A.have been missing
B.have got lost
C.be missing
D.get lost
〖答案〗A
〖考点〗考查动词的时态。
〖解析〗由句意可知“失踪”这一动作仍在持续中, 故须用进行时态；又由since知应用完成时态。
〖06江苏〗Although medical science ________control over several dangerous diseases, what
worries us is that some of them are returning.
A.achieved
B.has achieved
C.will achieve
D.had achieved
〖答案〗B
〖考点〗考查动词的时态。
〖解析〗本句是以一般现在时为基础, 可由“worries”推出, 故D项首先排除。由句意“尽管医学已经成功控制了几种危险的疾病, 但令我们担忧的是, 有些疾病正在发生反弹”可知“achieve”动作先于“worries”动作发生并对其造成影响, 故应采用现在完成时。
〖06陕西〗The construction of the two new railway lines________by now.
A.has completed
B.have completed
C.have been completed
D.has been completed
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗考查时态和语态。
〖解析〗从by now这个时间状语来看, 应用现在完成时；从文意来看, 应用被动语态；从主谓一致来看, 主语是the construction, 谓语动词应使用单数形式。
〖06江西〗My cousin went to Canada two years ago.He________there for a few months and then went to America.
A.worked
B.would work
C.would be working
D.has been working
〖答案〗A
〖考点〗考查一般过去时的基本用法。
〖解析〗句中并列连词and连接两个发生在过去的顺承的动作, 时态应该一致。
〖06江苏〗—I don’t suppose the police know who did it.
—Well, surprisingly they do.A man has been arrested and ________now.
A.has been questioned
B.is being questioned
C.is questioning
D.has questioned
〖答案〗B
〖考点〗考查动词的时态和语态。
〖解析〗根据句中的时间状语now提示, 此处应用一般现在时或现在进行时, 故排除A、D两项；由“a man”与“question”之间存在被动关系可知, 此处应用被动语态, 故B项现在进行时的被动语态最为符合。
〖06广东〗The young girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous. She ________ before.
A.hasn’t flown
B.didn’t fly
C.hadn’t flown
D.wasn’t flying
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗考查动词的时态。
〖解析〗hadn’t flown动作发生在was nervous之前。
〖06四川〗Look at the timetable.Hurry up! Flight 4026________off at 18:20.
A.takes
B.took
C.will be taken
D.has taken
〖答案〗A
〖考点〗考查动词的时态。
〖解析〗飞机、火车等按时刻表运行, 表达时用一般现在时表将来。
〖06陕西〗—You look very tired. ________well last night?
—No, not really.I’m tired out now.
A.Do you sleep
B.Were you sleeping
C.Did you sleep
D.Had you slept
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗从题中的last night可知空处应使用一般过去时态。
〖07全国Ⅰ〗I know a little bit about Italy as my wife and I________there several years ago.
A.are going
B.had been
C.went
D.have been
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗考查时态。
〖解析〗句中ago是一般过去时的标志。
〖07全国Ⅱ〗—Tom, you didn’t come to the party last night?
—I ________, but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do.
A.had to
B.didn’t
C.was going to
D.wouldn’t
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗考查时态。
〖解析〗have to不得不, be going to do sth.表示按计划或安排要做某事。根据but可知, 此处应选择C项。
〖07全国Ⅰ〗The flowers were so lovely that they________in no time.
A.sold
B.had been sold
C.were sold
D.would sell
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗考查动词的时态。
〖解析〗由“were so...”可知此处用一般过去时态；flowers应该是“被卖光”, 故用被动形式。
〖07全国Ⅱ〗—Is there anything wrong, Bob? You look sad.
—Oh, nothing much.In fact, I _______of my friends back home.
A.have just thought
B.was just thinking
C.would just think
D.will just be thinking
〖答案〗B
〖考点〗考查动词的时态。
〖解析〗“你现在看起来很伤心”, 表示你在说话之前的表情, 因此此处应用过去进行时态。〖07北京〗I got caught in the rain and my suit________.
A.has ruined
B.had ruined
C.has been ruined
D.had been ruined
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗本题考查时态和语态。
〖解析〗ruin表示的动作发生在got caught之后, 故排除B、D两项。此处表示被动, 所以C 项正确。
〖07北京〗—It was really very kind of you to give me a lift home.
—Oh, don’t mention it. I________past your house anyway.
A.was coming
B.will come
C.had come
D.have come
〖答案〗A
〖考点〗考查动词的时态。
〖解析〗句意为：“你让我搭便车回家真是太好了。”“噢, 不用客气, 反正我当时正好经过你家。”此处用过去进行时表示过去某个时间内正在进行的动作。
〖07北京〗—How can I apply for an online course?
—Just fill out this form and we________what we can do for you.
A.see
B.are seeing
C.have seen
D.will see
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗考查时态。
〖解析〗此处为“祈使句+and+陈述句”结构, 在and之后的句子常用一般将来时态。
〖07上海〗With the help of high technology, more and more new substances________in the past years.
A.discovered
B.have discovered
C.had been discovered
D.have been discovered
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗本题考查时态和语态。
〖解析〗in/during the past years所在句子要用现在完成时态, substances是“被发现”, 故用被动形式。
〖07上海〗—Did you tidy your room?
—No, I was going to tidy my room but I_______visitors.
A.had
B.have
C.have had
D.will have
〖答案〗A
〖考点〗考查动词的时态。
〖解析〗由“Did”和“was going to”可知是过去发生的事情。
〖07安徽〗They became friends again that day. Until then, they________to each other for nearly two years.
A.didn’t speak
B.hadn’t spoken
C.hav en’t spoken
D.haven’t been speaking
〖答案〗B
〖考点〗考查时态。
〖解析〗到过去某个时间为止所完成的动作用过去完成时态。
〖07江西〗—I have got a headache.
—No wonder. You ________in front of that computer too long.
A.work
B.are working
C.have been working
D.worked
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗考查动词的时态。
〖解析〗由“I have got a headache”可知, 空处应用现在完成进行时表示动作“从过去开始持续至今且还会进行下去”, 体现过去开始的动作对现在的影响及结果。
〖07湖南〗Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she
_______English for a year.
A.studies
B.studied
C.is studying
D.has been studying
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗考查动词的时态。
〖解析〗句意为：Cathy正在Sunshine School的课堂上记语法规则的笔记, 她已在那儿学了一年英语。此处应用现在完成进行时态, 表示从过去开始持续到现在的动作, 还有可能持续下去。
〖07陕西〗I ________there little more than a week when I set to work with the scientist.
A.would be
B.have been
C.had been
D.will be
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗考查动词的时态。
〖解析〗when引导时间状语从句, 从句用了一般过去时态, 而主句be there动作应发生在set 之前, 即过去的过去, 故应用过去完成时态。
〖07四川〗—Did you see a man in black pass by just now?
—No, sir. I________a newspaper.
A.read
B.was reading
C.would read
D.am reading
〖答案〗B
〖考点〗考查动词的时态。
〖解析〗由just now判断应用过去时态, 又由语境“穿黑衣服的人路过时, 我正在看报, 所以没看见他”知空处要用过去进行时。
〖07重庆〗—Did Alan enjoy seeing his old friends yesterday?
—Yes, he did.He________his old friends for a long time.
A.didn’t see
B.wouldn’t see
C.hasn’t seen
D.hadn’t seen
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗考查动词的时态。
〖解析〗for a long time与完成时连用, 且前一句中用一般过去时, 因此此处应用过去完成时态。
〖07重庆〗When I called you this morning, nobody answered the phone.Where________?
A.did you go
B.have you gone
C.were you
D.had you been
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗考查时态。
〖解析〗this morning为确切的表示过去的时间状语, 因此应用一般过去时。A项表示动作, 而此处应表状态, 故C项正确。
〖07福建〗Danny ________hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular.
A.works
B.is working
C.has worked
D.worked
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗考查动词的时态。
〖解析〗句意为“丹尼努力工作来实现他的梦想, 现在, 他大受欢迎了。”work动作从过去开始, 延续到现在, 故应用现在完成时。
〖07福建〗—I saw Jane and her boyfriend in the park at eight yesterday evening.
—Impossible.She________TV with me in my home then.
A.watched
B.had watched
C.would watch
D.was watching
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗句意为：“我昨晚8点钟在公园看见简和她男朋友了！”“不可能。她当时正在我家和我一起看电视。”此处时间状语为then, 指的是at eight yesterday evening, 指过去某一时间点正在进行的动作, 故应用过去进行时态。
〖07辽宁〗—Have you handed in your schoolwork yet?
—Yes, I have.I guess it________now.
A.has graded
B.is graded
C.is being graded
D.is grading
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗本题考查时态和语态。
〖解析〗由now可知应用进行时态；作业是被打分数（评阅）, 故应用被动语态形式。
〖07江苏〗At the end of the meeting, it was announced that an agreement________.
A.has been reached
B.had been reached
C.has reached
D.had reached
〖答案〗B
〖考点〗考查动词的时态。
〖解析〗“达成协议”的动作发生在was announced之前, 故用过去完成时。
〖07江苏〗—________you ________him around the museum yet?
—Yes.We had a great time there.
A.Have; shown
B.Do; show
C.Had; shown
D.Did; show
〖答案〗A
〖考点〗考查动词时态。
〖解析〗此处表示说话者询问对方“有没有带领他参观博物馆”的结果, 故用现在完成时。
〖07浙江〗Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where
____ yet.
A. hasn’t been decided
B. haven’t decided
C. isn’t being decided
D. aren’t decided
〖答案〗A
〖考点〗本题考查主谓一致及动词的时态。
〖解析〗根据句意，此处应用被动语态，不用主动语态，故排除B；又因为when and where 表示单数意义，故排除D；再根据句末的yet可知，最好用现在完成时，故选A最佳。
〖07江西〗—Ouch! You hurt me!
—I am sorry. But I ________any harm. I________to drive a rat out.
A.didn’t mean; tried
B.don’t mean; am trying
C.haven’t meant; tried
D.didn’t mean; was trying
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗考查时态。
〖解析〗由语境可知第一个空用didn’t mean, 表示“不是故意做了某事”；第二个空用过去进行时, 表示当时正在进行的动作。
〖07湖南〗As the years passed, many occasions—birthdays, awards, graduations—________with Dad’s flowers.
A.are marked
B.were marked
C.have marked
D.had marked
〖答案〗B
〖考点〗本题考查时态和语态。
〖解析〗as从句用一般过去时态, 主从句时态应一致。
〖07辽宁〗—Has your father returned from Africa yet?
—Yes, but he________here for only three days before his company sent him to Australia.
A.was
B.has been
C.will be
D.would be
〖答案〗A
〖考点〗考查动词时态。
〖解析〗由句中的sent可知此处应用一般过去时, 强调事情发生在过去。
〖08全国Ⅰ〗—
—Yes, since she________the Chinese Society.
A.has joined C.had joined D.joined
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗考查动词时态。
〖解析〗since用作连词, 引导时间状语从句时, 从句中谓语动词常用一般过去时。
〖08全国Ⅰ〗The wet weather will continue tomorrow, when a cold front________to arrive.
A.is expected
B.is expecting
C.expects
D.will be expected
〖答案〗A
〖考点〗本题考查时态和语态。
〖解析〗“冷锋被预计要到来”是指现在“预料”而不是明天, 故用一般现在时的被动语态。〖08全国Ⅱ〗If the weather had been better, we could have had a picnic.But it ________all day.
A.rained
B.rains
C.has rained
D.is raining
〖答案〗A
〖考点〗考查一般过去时的用法。
〖解析〗本题的精妙之处在于用一个虚拟语气if...had been better, ...could have had...。
〖08全国Ⅱ〗The director had her assistant________some hot dogs for the meeting.
A.picked up
B.picks up
C.pick up
D.picking up
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗考查have sb. do sth.结构。
〖解析〗句意为：主任让她的助手为会议准备一些热狗(食物)。“让某人去做某事”, 其中的不定式应该省略to。
〖08全国Ⅱ〗If their marketing plans succeed, they________their sales by 20 percent.
A.will increase
B.have been increasing
C.have increased
D.would be increasing
〖答案〗A
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗句意为：如果他们的市场运作计划成功, 那么他们的销售将会增加百分之二十。条件状语从句中用一般现在时表将来, 主句必须用一般将来时。
〖08北京〗—Have you read a book called Waiting for Anya?
—Who________it?
A.writes
B.has written
C.wrote
D.had written
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗由于“写书”这一动作应发生在“读书”之前, 且本句中并没有强调具体动作的情况, 故该题空格处应表示一般过去的动作, 用一般过去时态。
〖08北京〗The hotel wasn’t particularly good, but I________in many worse hotels.
A.was staying
B.stayed
C.would stay
D.had stayed
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗由句中的worse可知该句是表达比较的含义, 故本题句意应为:这家旅馆并不特别好, 但是我住过比它更差的旅馆。由于“The hotel wasn’t particularly good”中的时态是一般过去时态, 所以stay这一动作应发生在描述情况之前, 故须用过去完成时态。
〖08北京〗No decision________about any future appointment until all the candidates have been
A.will be made C.is being made D.has been made
〖答案〗A
〖考点〗本题考查时态和语态。
〖解析〗句意为：直到所有的候选人都被面试过后, 才会作出下一步的任命。从句中使用了have been interviewed, 这是用现在完成时代替将来完成时, 故主句使用将来时。
〖08天津〗He________football regularly for many years when he was young.
A.was playing
B.played
C.has played
D.had played
〖答案〗B
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
〖解析〗由句中regularly可知是过去某个时间内经常性、习惯性的动作, 故用一般过去时。〖08安徽〗—Did you watch the basketball match yeste
—Yes, I did.You know, my brother________in the match.
A.is playing
B.was playing
C.has played
D.had played
〖答案〗B
〖考点〗本题考查时态。
数列历年高考真题分类汇编
专题六 数列 第十八讲 数列的综合应用 答案部分 2019年 1.解析：对于B ，令2 104x λ-+=，得12 λ=， 取112a = ，所以211 ,,1022n a a ==
所以54 65109 323232a a a a a a ?>???> ???? ?>??M ，所以6 10432a a ??> ???，所以107291064a > >故A 正确．故选A ． 2.解析：（1）设数列{}n a 的公差为d ，由题意得 11124,333a d a d a d +=+=+， 解得10,2a d ==． 从而* 22,n a n n =-∈N ． 由12,,n n n n n n S b S b S b +++++成等比数列得 () ()()2 12n n n n n n S b S b S b +++=++． 解得()2 121n n n n b S S S d ++= -． 所以2* ,n b n n n =+∈N ． （2 ）*n c n = ==∈N ． 我们用数学归纳法证明． ①当n =1时，c 1=0<2，不等式成立； ②假设() *n k k =∈N 时不等式成立，即12h c c c +++ 2019年高考物理试题分类汇编（热学部分） 全国卷 I 33． [物理—选修 3–3]（ 15 分） （1）（ 5 分）某容器中的空气被光滑活塞封住，容器和活塞绝热性能良好，空气可视 为理想气体。初始时容器中空气的温度与外界相同，压强大于外界。现使活塞缓慢移动，直 至容器中的空气压强与外界相同。此时，容器中空气的温度__________ （填“高于”“低于”或“等于”）外界温度，容器中空气的密度__________ （填“大于”“小于”或“等于”）外界空气 的密度。 （2）（ 10分）热等静压设备广泛用于材料加工中。该设备工作时，先在室温下把惰性 气体用压缩机压入到一个预抽真空的炉腔中，然后炉腔升温，利用高温高气压环境对放入炉腔 中的材料加工处理，改善其性能。一台热等静压设备的炉腔中某次放入固体材料后剩余的 容积为 m3，炉腔抽真空后，在室温下用压缩机将10瓶氩气压入到炉腔中。已知每瓶氩气的 容积为×10-2 m3，使用前瓶中气体压强为×107Pa，使用后瓶中剩余气体压强为×106Pa；室温温度为 27 ℃。氩气可视为理想气体。 （i）求压入氩气后炉腔中气体在室温下的压强； （i i ）将压入氩气后的炉腔加热到 1 227 ℃，求此时炉腔中气体的压强。 全国卷 II 33． [ 物理—选修 3-3] （ 15 分） （1）（ 5分）如 p-V 图所示， 1、2、 3三个点代表某容器中一定量理想气体的三个不同 状态，对应的温度分别是 T1、T2、 T3。用 N1、N2、N3分别表示这三个状态下气体分子在单位 时间内撞击容器壁上单位面积的次数，则N1______N2， T1______T3， N2 ______N3。（填“大于”“小于”或“等于”） 阅读理解 专题一广告信息类 2018年 Passage 1 2018全国卷Ⅰ，6分话题：骑自行车在华盛顿特区观光词数：274 Washington,D.C. Bicycle Tours Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C. Duration:3 hours This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability —and the cherry blossoms — disappear! Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour Duration:3 hours(4 miles) Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C. Duration:3 hours Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour Duration:3 hours(7 miles) Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights. 1. Which tour do you need to book in advance? A. Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C. B. Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour. C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C. D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour. 2. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour? A. Meet famous people. B. Go to a national park. C. Visit well-known museums. D. Enjoy interesting stories. 3. Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide? A. City maps. B. Cameras. C. Meals. 2019高考物理题分类汇编 一、直线运动 18．（卷一）如图，篮球架下的运动员原地垂直起跳扣篮，离地后重心上升的最大高 度为H 。上升第一个4H 所用的时间为t 1，第四个4H 所用的时间为t 2。不计空气阻力，则21 t t 满足（） A ．1<21t t <2 B ．2<21 t t <3 C ．3<21t t <4 D ．4<21t t <5 25. （卷二）（2）汽车以某一速度在平直公路上匀速行驶司机忽然发现前方有一警示牌立即刹车。从刹车系统稳定工作开始计时，已知汽车第1s 内的位移为24m ，第4s 内的位移为1m 。求汽车刹车系统稳定工开始计时的速度大小及此后的加速度大小。 二、力与平衡 16．（卷二）物块在轻绳的拉动下沿倾角为30°的固定斜面向上匀速运动，轻绳与斜面平行。已知物块与斜面之间的动摩擦因数为3，重力加速度取10m/s 2。若轻绳能承受的最大张力为1500N ，则物块的质量最大为（） A ．150kg B ．1003kg C ．200kg D ．2003kg 16．（卷三）用卡车运输质量为m 的匀质圆筒状工件，为使工件保持固定，将其置于 两光滑斜面之间，如图所示。两斜面I 、Ⅱ固定在车上，倾角分别为30°和60°。重力加速度为g 。当卡车沿平直公路匀速行驶时，圆筒对斜面I 、Ⅱ压力的大小分别为F 1、F 2，则（） A ．1233= =F mg F mg ， B ．1233==F mg F mg ， C ．121 3== 2F mg F mg ， D ．1231==2 F mg F mg ， 19．（卷一）如图，一粗糙斜面固定在地面上，斜面顶端装有一光滑定滑轮。一细绳跨过滑轮，其一端悬挂物块N。另一端与斜面上的物 块M相连，系统处于静止状态。现用水平向左的拉力 缓慢拉动N，直至悬挂N的细绳与竖直方向成45°。已 知M始终保持静止，则在此过程中（） A．水平拉力的大小可能保持不变 B．M所受细绳的拉力大小一定一直增加 C．M所受斜面的摩擦力大小一定一直增加 D．M所受斜面的摩擦力大小可能先减小后增加 三、牛顿运动定律 20．（卷三）如图（a），物块和木板叠放在实验台上，木板与实验台之间的摩擦可以忽略。物块用一不可伸长的细绳与固定在实验台上的力传感器相连，细绳水平。t=0时，木板开始受到水平外力F的作用，在t=4s时 撤去外力。细绳对物块的拉力f随时间t变化的关 系如图（b）所示，木板的速度v与时间t的关系如 图（c）所示。重力加速度取g=10m/s2。由题给数 据可以得出（） A．木板的质量为1kgB．2s~4s内，力F的大小为 C．0~2s内，力F的大小保持不变D．物块与木板之间的动摩擦因数为 四、曲线与天体 19.（卷二）如图（a），在跳台滑雪比赛中，运动员在空中滑翔时身体的姿态会影响其下落的速度和滑翔的距离。某运动员先后两次从同一跳台 起跳，每次都从离开跳台开始计时，用v表示他在竖直方向 的速度，其v-t图像如图（b）所示，t1和t2是他落在倾斜雪 道上的时刻。（） A．第二次滑翔过程中在竖直方向上的位移比第一次的小 B．第二次滑翔过程中在水平方向上的位移比第一次的大 C．第一次滑翔过程中在竖直方向上的平均加速度比第一次 的大 D．竖直方向速度大小为v1时，第二次滑翔在竖直方向上所受阻力比第一次的大 历年中考英语真题分类汇编--词类 知识点1：名词 ( ) 1.（2009·广州）—You look very tired this morning. What did you do yesterday afternoon? —I did Christmas shopping. A. a lot of B. a few of C. a number of D. a piece of ( ) 2.（2009·湖北武汉）—Why do you get up so early in the morning, Tracy ？ —I generally make it a to be up by 7 to read English. A. plan B. wish C. secret D. rule ( ) 3.（2009·湖北武汉）—Do the dishes, Mike, or I will tell mum! —Mind your own ,Sue! A. action B. duty C. business D. way ( ) 4.（2009·广州）The letter from my uncle was short. There wasn't news. A. many B. a few C. much D. few ( ) 5.（2009·山东威海）---Why didn’t you take a taxi back last night? ---Because I didn’t have any ______ with me. A. food B. bicycle C. friend D. money ( ) 6.（2009·四川成都）John always says that he likes apples of all the ______ . A. vegetables B. fruits C. drinks ( ) 7.（2009·江西）---You look worried. What’s your ______ ? ---I have trouble learning English. A. name B. question C. problem D. job ( ) 8.（2009·江苏南京）---Oh, my God! We have missed the last bus. What shall we do? ---I’m afraid we have no ______ but to take a taxi. A. choice B. decision C. reason D. information ( ) 9.（2009·河南）I like __ a lot, and my mother usually cooks it in different ways. A. fish B. butter C. potatoes D. noodles ( ) 10.（2009·湖北宜昌）---In my opinion, China has more ______to deal with the disease ofA/H1N1. ---I quite agree with you. Chinese medicine works well. A. advantages B. interests C. equipments D. materials ( ) 11.（2009·湖南娄底）—It’s said that you have moved into a new house. —Yeah，and we need to buy some in the mall nearby. A. food B. furniture C. hamburger ( )12.（2009·湖北孝感）All the _______ teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8th, because it was their own holiday. A. man B. men C. woman D. women ( ) 13.（2009·湖北孝感）--Emma, who are you taking _________ of at home? — My grandma, she got hurt in an accident. A. place B. part C. seat D. care ( ) 14.（2009·山西）---How can I see thick snow in most northern parts of China? ---You have to wait till ______ comes, Steve. A. summer B. autumn C. winter ( ) 15.（2009·山西）Let’s get some ______ about tourism on the Internet. A. information B. message C. invention ( ) 16.（2009·江苏无锡）____ the teachers in their school is about 200 and one fourth of them are ___ teachers. 历年高考物理试题分类汇编 牛顿运动定律选择题 08年高考全国I理综 15.如图，一辆有动力驱动的小车上有一水平放置的弹簧，其左端固定在小车上，右端与一小球相连，设在某一段时间内小球与小车相对静 止且弹簧处于压缩状态，若忽略小球与小车间的 摩擦力，则在此段时间内小车可能是AD A.向右做加速运动 B.向右做减速运动 C.向左做加速运动 D.向左做减速运动 08年高考全国II理综 16.如图，一固定斜面上两个质量相同的小物块A和B紧 挨着匀速下滑，A与B的接触面光滑。已知A与斜面之间 的动摩擦因数是B与斜面之间动摩擦因数的2倍，斜面倾 角为α。B与斜面之间的动摩擦因数是A A. 2 tan 3 α B. 2 cot .3 α C. tanαD.cotα 08年高考全国II理综 18.如图，一很长的、不可伸长的柔软轻绳跨过光滑定滑轮，绳 两端各系一小球a和b。a球质量为m，静置于地面；b球质量为 3m，用手托往，高度为h，此时轻绳刚好拉紧。从静止开始释放 b后，a可能达到的最大高度为B A.h B.1.5h C.2h D.2.5h 08年高考北京卷理综 20.有一些问题你可能不会求解，但是你仍有可能对这些问题的解是否合理进行分析和判断。例如从解的物理量单位，解随某些已知量变化的趋势，解在一跸特殊条件下的结果等方面进 行分析，并与预期结果、实验结论等进行比较，从而判断解的合理性或正确性。 举例如下：如图所示。质量为M 、倾角为θ的滑块A 放于水平地面上。把质量为m 的滑块 B 放在A 的斜面上。忽略一切摩擦，有人求得B 相对地面的加 速度a=2 sin sin M m g M m θθ++,式中g 为重力加速度。 对于上述解，某同学首先分析了等号右侧量的单位，没发现问题。他进一步利用特殊条件对该解做了如下四项分析和判断，所得结论都是“解可能是对的”。但是，其中有一项是错误的。请你指出该项。D A. 当θ?时，该解给出a=0，这符合常识，说明该解可能是对的 B. 当θ＝90?时，该解给出a=g,这符合实验结论，说明该解可能是对的 C. 当M ≥m 时，该解给出a=gsin θ,这符合预期的结果，说明该解可能是对的 D. 当m ≥M 时，该解给出a=sin B θ,这符合预期的结果，说明该解可能是对的 08年高考山东卷理综 19.直升机悬停在空中向地面投放装有救灾物资的箱子，如图所 示。设投放初速度为零．箱子所受的空气阻力与箱子下落速度的平方成正比，且运动过程中箱子始终保持图示姿态。在箱子下落过程中．下列说法正确的是C A.箱内物体对箱子底部始终没有压力 B.箱子刚从飞机上投下时，箱内物体受到的支持力最大 C.箱子接近地面时，箱内物体受到的支持力比刚投下时大 D.若下落距离足够长，箱内物体有可能不受底部支持力而“飘起来” 08年高考宁夏卷理综 20.一有固定斜面的小车在水平面上做直线运动，小球通 过细绳与车顶相连。小球某时刻正处于图示状态。设斜面对小球的支持力为N ，细绳对小球的拉力为T ，关于此时刻小球的受力情况，下列说法正确的是AB 2019年高考真题分类汇编 第一节 集合分类汇编 1．［2019?全国Ⅰ，1］已知集合{} }2 42{60M x x N x x x =-<<=--<，，则M N ?= A. }{43x x -<< B. }{42x x -<<- C. }{22x x -<< D. }{23x x << 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】 本题考查集合的交集和一元二次不等式的解法，渗透了数学运算素养．采取数轴法，利用数形结合的思想解题． 【详解】由题意得，{}{} 42,23M x x N x x =-<<=-<<，则 {}22M N x x ?=-<<．故选C ． 【点睛】不能领会交集的含义易致误，区分交集与并集的不同，交集取公共部分，并集包括二者部分． 2.［2019?全国Ⅱ，1］设集合A ={x |x 2-5x +6>0}，B ={ x |x -1<0}，则A ∩B = A. (-∞，1) B. (-2，1) C. (-3，-1) D. (3，+∞) 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】 本题考查集合的交集和一元二次不等式的解法，渗透了数学运算素养．采取数轴法，利用数形结合的思想解题． 【详解】由题意得，{}{} 2,3,1A x x x B x x ==<或，则{} 1A B x x ?=<．故选A ． 【点睛】本题考点为集合的运算，为基础题目，难度偏易．不能领会交集的含义易致误，区分交集与并集的不同，交集取公共部分，并集包括二者部分． 3.［2019?全国Ⅲ，1］已知集合{}{} 2 1,0,1,21A B x x ，=-=≤，则A B ?=（ ） A. {}1,0,1- B. {}0,1 C. {}1,1- D. {}0,1,2 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】 先求出集合B 再求出交集. 【详解】由题意得，{} 11B x x =-≤≤，则{}1,0,1A B ?=-．故选A ． 【点睛】本题考查了集合交集的求法，是基础题. 4.［2019?江苏，1］已知集合{1,0,1,6}A =-，{} 0,B x x x R =∈，则A B ?=_____. 【答案】{1,6}. 英语试卷英语翻译题分类汇编 一、高中英语翻译 1．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1．今年元旦我们玩得很开心。(enjoy) 2．舅舅昨天寄给我一张卡片，祝贺我18岁生日。(congratulate) 3．经过多年的建设，这个小镇现在和地震前一样充满了活力。(as...as) 4．演出以一段五十多岁的人耳熟能详的经典音乐开始。(familiar) 5．她一看完那个关于已灭绝物种的电视节目，就立志加入野生动物保护组织。(No sooner) 【答案】 1．We enjoyed ourselves this New Year’s Day this year. 2．My uncle sent me a card yesterday to congratulate / congratulating me on my 18th birthday. 3．After years of / years’ construction, the little town is now as lively as it was before the earthquake / it used to be before the earthquake. 4．The performance began with a piece of classical music which was familiar to people in their fifties. 5．No sooner had she watched the TV program on the extinct species than she made up her mind to join the wildlife protection organization. 【解析】 1．根据“今年元旦”可知，该句用一般过去时，玩得很开心用词组enjoy oneself 2．根据“昨天”可知，该句用一般过去时，congratulate 的用法是congratulate sth或者congratulate sb on sth 3．根据“经过多年的建设”可知，后面描述的是建设后的情形，即现在的情形，因此用一般现在时，as..as..的用法是形容词或者副词放在中间。 4．根据句意可知，演出已经开始了，事情发生在过去，因此用一般过去时，familiar的用法是sb be familiar with sth 或者sth be familiar to sb 5．no sooner的句型为no sooner ...than,因为no sooner是否定词，因此no sooner后面要用部分倒装的句式。 2．高中英语翻译题：Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1．为了安全起见，小孩不应该被单独留在家里。(leave) _________________ 2．深深吸了一口气，他面带微笑地走上了舞台。(with) _________________ 3．一个人待人处世的方式能反映出他是怎样的人。(the way) _________________ 五年高考真题分类汇编 导数及其应用 1．（19全国1文理）曲线23()e x y x x =+在点(0)0，处的切线方程为_y =3x _． 2．（19全国1理）已知函数()sin ln(1)f x x x =-+，()f x '为()f x 的导数．证 明： （1） ()f x '在区间(1,)2 π -存在唯一极大值点； （2）()f x 有且仅有2个零点． 解：（1）设()()g x f 'x =，则1 ()cos 1g x x x =- +，2 1sin ())(1x 'x g x =-++. 当1,2x π??∈- ?? ? 时，()g'x 单调递减，而(0)0,()02 g'g'π><，可得()g'x 在1,2π? ?- ? ? ? 有唯一零点， 设为α.则当(1,)x α∈-时，()0g'x >；当,2x α?π? ∈ ?? ? 时，()0g'x <. 所以()g x 在(1,)α-单调递增，在,2απ?? ???单调递减，故()g x 在1,2π? ?- ???存在唯一极 大值点，即()f 'x 在1,2π? ?- ?? ?存在唯一极大值点. （2）()f x 的定义域为(1,)-+∞. （i ）当(1,0]x ∈-时，由（1）知，()f 'x 在(1,0)-单调递增，而(0)0f '=，所以当(1,0)x ∈-时，()0f 'x <，故()f x 在(1,0)-单调递减，又(0)=0f ，从而0x =是 ()f x 在(1,0]-的唯一零点. （ii ）当0,2x ?π?∈ ???时，由（1）知，()f 'x 在(0,)α单调递增，在,2απ?? ???单调递减， 而(0)=0f '，02f 'π??< ???，所以存在,2βαπ?? ∈ ??? ，使得()0f 'β=，且当(0,)x β∈时， 高中物理学习材料 （马鸣风萧萧**整理制作） 2011年高考物理真题分类汇编（详解） 功和能 1．（2011年高考·江苏理综卷）如图所示，演员正在进行杂技表演。由图可估算出他将一只鸡蛋抛出的过程中对鸡蛋所做的功最接近于 A ．0.3J B ．3J C ．30J D ．300J 1.A 解析：生活经验告诉我们：10个鸡蛋大约1斤即0.5kg ，则一个鸡蛋的质量约为 0.5 0.0510 m kg = =，鸡蛋大约能抛高度h =0.6m ，则做功约为W=mgh =0.05×10×0.6J=0.3J ，A 正确。 2．（2011年高考·海南理综卷）一物体自t =0时开始做直线运动，其速度图线如图所示。下列选项正确的是（ ） A ．在0～6s 内，物体离出发点最远为30m B ．在0～6s 内，物体经过的路程为40m C ．在0～4s 内，物体的平均速率为7.5m/s D ．在5～6s 内，物体所受的合外力做负功 v/m ·s -1 10 2.BC 解析：在0~5s,物体向正向运动，5~6s向负向运动，故5s末离出发点最远，A错；由面积法求出0~5s的位移s1＝35m, 5~6s的位移s2＝－5m,总路程为：40m，B对；由面积法求出0~4s的位移s=30m，平度速度为：v＝s/t＝7.5m/s C对；由图像知5～6s过程物体加速，合力和位移同向，合力做正功，D错 3．（2011年高考·四川理综卷）如图是“神舟”系列航天飞船返回舱返回地面的示意图，假定其过程可简化为：打开降落伞一段时间后，整个装置匀速下降，为确保安全着陆，需点燃返回舱的缓冲火箭，在火箭喷气过程中返回舱做减速直线运动，则 A．火箭开始喷气瞬间伞绳对返回舱的拉力变小B．返回舱在喷气过程中减速的主要原因是空气阻力 C．返回舱在喷气过程中所受合外力可能做正功D．返回舱在喷气过程中处于失重状态 3.A 解析：在火箭喷气过程中返回舱做减速直线运动，加速度方向向上，返回舱处于超重状态，动能减小，返回舱所受合外力做负功，返回舱在喷气过程中减速的主要原因是缓冲火箭向下喷气而获得向上的反冲力。火箭开始喷气前匀速下降拉力等于重力减去返回舱受到的空气阻力，火箭开始喷气瞬间反冲力直接对返回舱作用因而伞绳对返回舱的拉力变小。 4．（2011年高考·全国卷新课标版）一质点开始时做匀速直线运动，从某时刻起受到一恒力作用。此后，该质点的动能可能 A．一直增大 B．先逐渐减小至零，再逐渐增大 C．先逐渐增大至某一最大值，再逐渐减小 D．先逐渐减小至某一非零的最小值，再逐渐增大 4.ABD 解析：当恒力方向与速度在一条直线上，质点的动能可能一直增大，也可能先逐渐减小至零，再逐渐增大。当恒力方向与速度不在一条直线上，质点的动能可能一直增大，也可能先逐渐减小至某一非零的最小值，再逐渐增大。所以正确答案是ABD。 中考英语试题分类汇编 2011年中考英语试题分类汇编考点一、名词(2010江苏省宿迁市15. 1)Sandy didn’t tell her parents that she was going home because she wanted to give them a _______. A. gift B. call C. surprise D. note—It’s said that you have moved into a new house.—Yeah，and we need to buy some in the mall nearby. A. food B.furniture C. hamburger B (2010.四川省内江市26. 1)—Well,you look so happy! 全品中考网--Because I got a good ________. A.work B.news C.job C C (2010年上海市33. 1)You can get much_____about the World Expo on the Internet. A.map B.picture C.ticket 全品中考网 https://www.360docs.net/doc/733594473.html,rmation D (2010年上海市51. 1)The customers are pleased with the________of the restaurant. A.balance B.experience C.surface D.service D –Lily has a silk __________.Listen,she is singing in the next room!-- How nice!. A. look B. noise C. voice C —Wow,so many beautiful cars!I don’t know which one to buy. --Anyway ,you have to make a________. A.conclusion B.connection C.decision D.presentation C We need to come up with a/an________and make a decision at once. 2018年全国高考试题分类汇编-导数部分（含解析） 1.(2018·全国卷I 高考理科·T5)同(2018·全国卷I 高考文科·T6)设函数f (x )=x3+(a -1)x2+ax.若f (x )为奇函数,则曲线y=f (x )在点(0,0)处的切线方程为( ) A.y=-2x B.y=-x C.y=2x D.y=x 2.(2018·全国卷II 高考理科·T13)曲线y=2ln(x+1)在点(0,0)处的切线方程为 3.(2018·全国卷II 高考文科·T13)曲线y=2lnx 在点(1,0)处的切线方程为 4.(2018·全国Ⅲ高考理科·T14)曲线y=(ax +1)ex 在点(0,1)处的切线的斜率为-2,则a= . 5.(2018·天津高考文科·T10)已知函数f(x)=exlnx,f ′(x)为f(x)的导函数,则f ′(1)的值为 . 6.(2018·全国卷I 高考理科·T16)已知函数f (x )=2sinx+sin2x,则f (x )的最小值是 . 7.(2017·全国乙卷文科·T14)曲线y=x 2 + 1 x 在点(1,2)处的切线方程为 . 8.(2017·全国甲卷理科·T11)若x=-2是函数f (x )=(2x +ax-1)1x e -的极值点,则f (x )的极小值为 ( ) A.-1 B.-23e - C.53e - D.1 9.(2017 10.(2017递增,则称f (x )A.f (x )=2-x 11.(2017数a 12.(2017则称f (x )具有M ①f (x )=2-x ;②f (x 13.(2017·全国乙卷理科·T16)如图,圆形纸片的圆心为O ,半径为5cm ,该纸片上的等边三角形ABC 的中心为O.D ,E ,F 为圆O 上的点,△DBC ,△ECA ,△FAB 分别是以BC ,CA ,AB 为底边的等腰三角形.沿虚线剪开后,分别以BC ,CA ,AB 为折痕折起△DBC ,△ECA ,△FAB ,使得D ,E ,F 重合,得到三棱锥.当△ABC 的边长变化时,所得三棱锥体积(单位:cm 3 )的最大值为 . 14.(2017·天津高考文科·T10)已知a ∈R ,设函数f (x )=ax-lnx 的图象在点(1,f (1))处的切线为l ,则l 在y 轴上的截距为 . 15.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ高考文科·T12)若函数f (x )=x-1 3 sin2x+asinx 在(-∞,+∞)上单调递增,则a 的取值范围是( ) A.[-1,1] B.11,3 ? ? -?? ?? C.11,33??- ???? D.11,3? ? --???? 16.(2016·四川高考理科·T9)设直线l 1,l 2分别是函数f (x )=lnx,0x 1,lnx,x 1, ?-<?图象上点P 1,P 2处的 切线,l 1与l 2垂直相交于点P ,且l 1,l 2分别与y 轴相交于点A ,B ,则△PAB 的面积的取值范围是( ) A.(0,1) B.(0,2) C.(0,+∞) D.(1,+∞) 17.(2016·四川高考文科·T6)已知a 为函数f (x )=x 3 -12x 的极小值点,则a=( ) A.-4 B.-2 C.4 D.2 18.(2016·四川高考文科·T10)设直线l 1,l 2分别是函数f (x )=lnx,0x 1,lnx,x 1, ?-<?图象上点P 1,P 2处的切线,l 1 与l 2垂直相交于点P ,且l 1,l 2分别与y 轴相交于点A ,B ,则△PAB 的面积的取值范围是 ( ) A.(0,1) B.(0,2) C.(0,+∞) D.(1,+∞) 19.(2016·山东高考文科·T10)同(2016·山东高考理科·T10) 若函数y=f (x )的图象上存在两点,使得函数的图象在这两点处的切线互相垂直,则称y=f (x )具有T 性质.下列函数中具有T 性质的是 ( ) A.y=sinx B.y=lnx C.y=e x D.y=x 3 20.(2016·全国卷Ⅱ理科·T16)若直线y=kx+b 是曲线y=lnx+2的切线,也是曲线y=ln (x+1)的切线,则b= . θ F 2020普通高校招生考试试题汇编-相互作用 1（2020安徽第1题）．一质量为m 的物块恰好静止在倾角为θ的斜面上。现对物块施加一个竖直向下的恒力F ，如图所示。则物块 A ．仍处于静止状态 B ．沿斜面加速下滑 C ．受到的摩擦力不便 D ．受到的合外力增大 答案：A 解析：由于质量为m 的物块恰好静止在倾角为θ的斜面上，说明斜面对物块的作用力与物块的重力平衡，斜面与物块的动摩擦因数μ=tan θ。对物块施加一个竖直向下的恒力F ，使得合力仍然为零，故物块仍处于静止状态，A 正确，B 、D 错误。摩擦力由mg sin θ增大到(F +mg )sin θ，C 错误。 2（2020海南第4题）.如图，墙上有两个钉子a 和b,它们的连 线与水平方向的夹角为45°，两者的高度差为l 。一条不可伸长 的轻质细绳一端固定于a 点，另一端跨过光滑钉子b 悬挂一质量 为m1的重物。在绳子距a 端2 l 得c 点有一固定绳圈。若绳圈上悬挂质量为m2的钩码，平衡后绳的ac 段正好水平，则重物和钩 码的质量比12 m m 为 A.5 B. 2 C. 52 D.2 解析：平衡后设绳的BC 段与水平方向成α角，则：tan 2,sin 5 αα== 对节点C 分析三力平衡，在竖直方向上有：21sin m g m g α=得：1215sin 2 m m α==，选C 3 (广东第16题).如图5所示的水平面上，橡皮绳一端固定，另一端连 接两根弹簧，连接点P 在F 1、F 2和F 3三力作用下保持静止。下列判断正 确的是 A. F 1 > F 2> F 3 B. F 3 > F 1> F 2 C. F 2> F 3 > F 1 D. F 3> F 2 > F 1 4(北京理综第18题)．“蹦极”就是跳跃者把一 端固定的长弹性绳绑在踝关节等处，从几十米高 处跳下的一种极限运动。某人做蹦极运动，所受 绳子拉力F 的大小随时间t 变化的情况如图所示。 将蹦极过程近似为在竖直方向的运动，重力加速 度为g 。据图可知，此人在蹦极过程中最大加速 2017年高考试题分类汇编（集合） 考点1 数集 考法1 交集 1.（2017·北京卷·理科1）若集合{}21A x x =-<<，{}13B x x x =<->或，则 A B = A. {}21x x -<<- B. {}23x x -<< C. {}11x x -<< D. {}13x x << 2.（2017·全国卷Ⅱ·理科2）设集合{}1,2,4A =，{}240B x x x m =-+=．若 {}1A B =，则B = A ．{}1,3- B ．{}1,0 C ．{}1,3 D ．{}1,5 3.（2017·全国卷Ⅲ·理科2）已知集合{}1,2,3,4A =，{}2,4,6,8B =，则A B 中元素的个数为 A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4 4.（2017·山东卷·理科1）设函数y =A ，函数ln(1)y x =-的定义域为B ，则A B = A ．(1,2) B ．(1,2] C ．(2,1)- D ．[2,1)- 5.（2017·山东卷·文科1）设集合{}11M x x =-<,{}2N x x =<,则M N = A.()1,1- B.()1,2- C.()0,2 D.()1,2 6.（2017·江苏卷）已知集合{}1,2A =，{}2,3B a a =+，若{}1A B =，则实数a 的值为______. 考法2 并集 1.（2017·全国卷Ⅱ·文科2）设集合{}{}123234A B ==，，， ，，， 则A B = A. {}123,4，， B. {}123，， C. {}234，， D. {}134，， 2.（2017·浙江卷1）已知集合{}11P x x =-<<,{}02Q x x =<<，那么P Q = A. (1,2)- B. (0,1) C.(1,0)- D. (1,2) 考法3 补集 英语试题分类汇编20个专题 宾语从句 一、选择题 ( )1. Do you know________? A. Tom lives where B. where does Tom live C. where Tom lives ( )2. She asked me________. A. whose pen it is B. whose pen it was C. whose pen was it ( )3. Don’t worry. I will show you________get there. A. how you can B. how can you C. where you can ( )4. --- It’s raining. Maybe we can go out when the rain stops. --- But do you know________? A. when the rain will stop B. when the rain stopped C. when will the rain stop ( )5. Tom’s birthday is coming. Do you know________tomorrow? A. where he had a party B. where he will have a party C. where did he have a party D. where will he have a party ( )6. ---Dad, can you tell me________? I miss her very much. ---Next month, dear. A. when will my mum come back B. when my mum will come back C. how my mum goes to work D. where will my mum go ( )7. ---What did the teacher say to you? ---He asked me________. A. why I look unhappy then B. when did I go home last night C. how could I solve the problem D. if I had got everything ready ( )8. ---Could you tell me________every morning? ---Sure. I have to catch the school bus. A. why you get up early B. why do you get up early C. why did you get up early D. why you got up early ( )9. ---David, look at the man in black over there. Can you tell me ________? ---He is an engineer. A. who is he B. who he is C. what he does ( )10. There are so many foggy days recently, we all wonder A. how is the air polluted B. Whether air is seriously polluted C. what can we do to prevent that bad weather D. what are the real reasons ( )11. They solved the problem in the end. Yet I really don’t know________ A. how they make it B. how they made it C. why did they make it D. how did they make it ( )12. ---Mr, Black, could you tell me________? ---At 10t 00 tomorrow morning A. where we’ll go hiking B. when we’ll have a meeting C. whether you’ll come to my birthday party ( )13. --- Look at the man in blue! Do you know________? ---Oh, he is a policeman. A. what does he B. what he does C. how he does ( )14. No one knew________. A. she will come B. if she would come高中高考物理试卷试题分类汇编.doc
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