新视野大学英语读写教程第二版第三册课后答案全(含sectionA_sectionB和课文翻译)

新视野大学英语读写教程第二版第三册课后答案全(含sectionA_sectionB和课文翻译)
新视野大学英语读写教程第二版第三册课后答案全(含sectionA_sectionB和课文翻译)

新视野大学英语读写教程3【第二版】答案

Unit 1

III

1 beneath

2 disguised

3 whistles

4 restrain

5 grasp

6 longing

7 praying

8 faithful 9 pledge 10 drain 11.merry 12.delivery 13.terror 14.justice

IV

1 tell …on you

2 track down

3 work it out

4 pickin g on me

5 reckoned with

6 call on

7 on his own

8 get through

9 in disguise 10 revolves around

V

G O D I K L B F A N

VI

1 advise

2 level

3 problems

4 necessity

5 skills

6 experience

7 solution

8 value 9 tool 10 manner

VII

1 air-conditioned(装空调的;有冷气的)

2 handmade(手工制作的)

3 thunderstruck(非常吃惊的)

4 heartfelt (衷心的;诚挚的)

5 data-based(基于数据的)

6 self-employed(自主经营的)

7 custom-built(定制的;定做的)

8 weather-beaten(饱经风霜的)

VIII

1. well-informed(对……非常熟悉的)2 new-found(新获得的) 3 hard-earned(辛苦挣得的) 4 soft-spoken (说话温柔的) 5 newly-married(新婚的)6 widely-held(普遍认为的)7 well-meant(出于好意的)8 well-educated(受过良好教育的)

IX

1 no matter how different it may seem form any other substance

2 no matter what a woman tries to do to improve her situation

3 no matter what excuse he gives

4 no matter what anyone else may think

5 no matter how they rewrite history

X

1 just as we gained fame in victory, we lost nothing in defeat

2 just as the head teacher plays a significant role in the school, Jane plays a significant role f leader in the classroom.

3 whoever was out there obviously couldn’t see him just as he couldn’t see them.

4 she has been searching all her life for the perfect chocolate just as I have been searching for the perfect beer.

5 you can make those kinds of comparisons just as you were doing the analyses a minute ago.

XI

1.No matter how experienced a speaker you are, and how well you have prepared your speech, you will have

difficulty making a speech at such a noisy reception.

2.Just as all his sister’s friends cared about hi m, Jimmy cared about them.

3.Car manufacturers stamp a vehicle identification number at several places on new cars to help track down stolen

vehicles.

4.If you dare tell on me when the teacher gets back I won’t say a word to you any more.

5.Some elderly people prefer to live on their own while the great majority choose to live with their children.

6.Here is something that needs to be reckoned with: how to get the necessary finances to establish the company. XII

1. 每当有人帮了你,无论事情大小,无论他地位高低,你都应该对他说声“谢谢”。

2.蒸汽机的发明使船舶发生了变化,正如其已经改变了陆地运输一样。

3.尽管经理努力帮忙,他还是不能找到问题的根源所在。

4.这个女孩的生活天天围着哥哥转,完全明白该做什么来使哥哥高兴。

5.如果你不知道自己想要什么,你最终得到的可能都是自己不想要对。

6.吉米有他妹妹帮助他度过那些没有父亲的艰难日子。

XIII

1 B

2 A

3 C

4 A

5 D

6 A

7 D

8 D

9 C 10 B 11 B 12 B 13 A 14 C 15 D

16 C 17 A 18 C 19 D 20 A

Section B

Reading Skills

It was an autumn night in my native Nova Scotia.

They were vacationing in (it) for the weekend.

It took me years, though, to learn that the love in our family didn't just happen.

First, love needs time. (Para. 3)

Love needs another, harder to find quality as well, the ability to let go. (Para. 7)

Finally, love needs words to make it real. (Para. 11)

It can only be achieved through patience and understanding.

II CBDDADAC

III hollow considerate rival elastic paralleling inspire manipulate acknowledged soaring respective upright framework stretched

IV on apart with along on into of between up of

我哥哥吉米出生时遇上难产,因为缺氧导致大脑受损。两年后,我出生了。从此以后,我的生活便围绕我哥哥转。伴随我成长的,是“到外面去玩,把你哥哥也带上”。不带上他,我是哪也去不了的。因此,我怂恿邻居的孩子到我家来,尽情地玩孩子们玩的游戏。

我母亲教吉米学习日常自理,比如刷牙或系皮带什么的。我父亲宅心仁厚,他的耐心和理解使一家人心贴着心。我则负责外面的事,找到那些欺负我哥哥的孩子们的父母,告他们的状,为我哥哥讨回公道。

父亲和吉米形影不利。他们一道吃早饭,平时每天早上一道开车去海军航运中心,他们都在那里工作,吉米在那搬卸标有彩色代号的箱子。晚饭后,他们一道交谈,玩游戏,知道深夜。他们甚至用口哨吹相同的曲调。

所以父亲1991年因心脏病去世时,吉米几乎崩溃了,尽管他尽量不表现出来。他就是不能相信父亲去世这一事实。通常,他是一个令人愉快的人,现在却一言不发,无论说多少话就都不能透过他木然的脸部表情了解他的心事。我雇了一个人和他住在一起,开车送他去上班。然而,不管我怎么努力的维持原状,吉米还是认为他熟悉的世界已经消失。有一天,我问他:“你是不是想爸爸?”他的

嘴唇颤抖了几下,然后问我:“你怎么看,玛格丽特?他是我最好的朋友。”接着,我量都流下了眼泪。

六个月后,母亲因肺癌去世,剩下我一人来照顾吉米。

吉米不能马上适应去上半时没有父亲陪着,因此搬来纽约和我一起住了一段时间。我走到哪里他就跟到哪里,他好像适应得很好。但吉米依然想住在我父母的房子里,继续干他原来的工作。我答应把他送回去。此时最后做成了。如今,他在那里生活了11年,在许多人的照料下,同事依靠自己生活得有声有色。他已成了邻里间不可或缺的人物。如果你有邮件要收,或有狗要遛,他就是你所要的人。

当然,母亲的话没错:可以有一个就爱,既能容纳他的缺陷又能装下我的雄心。事实上,关照像吉米这样一个深爱又感激我的人,更加丰富了我的生活,其他任何东西都不能与之相比。

这一点,在9·11灾难后几天更显真切。那天是吉米57岁生日。我在纽约自己的家里为他举办生日宴会,但是我们家的人都没能来参加,因为交通困难,而且灾难带来的恐惧使他们依然心有余悸。我邀请了我的好友,请他们来帮忙把宴会弄得热闹些,增加点欢快气氛,没去理会他们多数人在情感上都有些疲惫这一事实。于是我一反常态,没说“请不要带礼物”,而是向他们喊“请带礼物来”。

我的朋友—吉米认识他们多年了—带来了中意的礼物:乡村音乐CD、一件长袖运动衫、一条有“吉米”字样的皮带、一顶编织的羊毛帽,还有一套牛仔服。那天晚上,我们是先送礼物,然后是切从他喜欢的面包店里买来的巧克力蛋糕,当然还唱了“生日歌”,否则宴会就不算完整了。

吉米一次次地问:“该切蛋糕了吧?”等用完餐和送完礼物后,吉米再也控制不住了。他焦急地等着点上蜡烛,然后在我们“生日快乐”的歌声中,一口长气吹灭了蜡烛。然而吉米对我的努力还是感到不满足。他纵身跳到椅子上,直挺着身子,双手食指朝天,一边喊一边指挥我们唱歌:“再—来—一次!”我们全力以赴地唱。待我们唱完时,他翘起两个拇指喊道:“好极了!”

本来我们想让他知道,无论世上有多难的事情,总是有人来关心他。现在反倒是提醒了我们自己。对于吉米来说,我们唱歌时的爱心,是他心中额外的礼物,但是他原先更想看到的,是别人再次感到快乐。

有如父亲的去世一夜之间改变了吉米的世界,9·11也改变了我们的生活;我们熟悉的世界不复存在了。但是,当我们为吉米唱歌,相互紧拥,祈祷全球和平时,我们也意识到,朋友、家人间永恒的爱和支持可以让我们克服生活中的任何困难。吉米以朴素的方式为我们协调了眼前的一切,他做到这一点并不令人吃惊。吉米的爱可以征服一切,这是任何东西都限制不了的。

Unit 2

III

1 moderate

2 consume

3 advisable

4 modified

5 evidence

6 restricted

7 calculate

8 remedy 9 impact 10 sufficient11.select 12.typically 13.interfering 14.supplements

IV

1 bounce back

2 summed up

3 Up to

4 at risk

5 went to zero

6 goes up

7 interfere with

8 derived from

9 In general 10 take in 11threw up 12out of breath

V

G K O N J A C D F I

VI

1 cost

2 pollution

3 potential

4 quality

5 chance

6 crime

7 interest 8 efficiency 9 strength 10 creativity

VII

1 appearance

2 utterance

3 attendance

4 hindrance

5 maintenance

6 resistance

7 performance

8 existence 9. occurrence 10. acceptance

VIII

1. world-famous 2 ice-cold 3 snow-white 4 waterproof 5 waist-deep 6 carefree

IX

1 Mr. Howe, my favorite professor, has received a Distinguished Teacher Award.

2 Yesterday I went fishing, something I hadn’t done in years.

3 Some women are normally inactive but then all of a sudden start a program of intense exercise, an action that breaks the laws of sports science.

4 Even a brief visit to Greece, a modern country with ancient civilization, gives you a deep sense of its culture.

5 The ancient Chinese, a people of inventors, discoverers, philosophers, soldiers, poets, craftsmen, gave the world many of its most useful things.

X

1 His homework done, his composition written, Larry decided to go and see the film.

2 The manager sat quietly in the office, (his) eyes closed, waiting for the telephone to ring.

3 The room was a mess, empty bottles and beer cans (being) everywhere.

4 When I walked in, Grandpa was sitting at the kitchen table, the newspaper spread before him.

5 Diana stood motionless at the end of the diving board, tears streaming down her cheeks.

XI

7.The defendant, a woman of only 30, kept insisting on her own innocence.

8.All tings considered, dates, beans and some leafy green vegetables are the best sources of iron.

9.No beverages are served with meals because they interfere with digestion.

10.Taking the popularity of the region into consideration, it is advisable to book hotels in advance.

11.If you have a feeling of wanting to throw up after taking this drug, stop taking it immediately and consult your

doctors as soon as possible.

12.Summing up the discussion, he said both parties should consider the most effective way to solve the problem.

XII

1. 作为补救缺铁的一种方法,专家推荐食用肉、鸡和鱼,它们是最好的铁质来源,也是唯一最容易被身体吸收的铁质来源。

2.铁质储量为零时,你会觉得虚弱,疲乏无力,喘不过气,这是缺铁第三阶段的典型症状。

3. 耐力运动员,尤其是女性,经常会缺铁,如果增食肉类食物或服用铁质补剂,能够恢复到健康状态。

4.这位运动医学专家认为,感到劳累、工作效率差的人,最好食用牛肉、羊肉,它们含有最易被吸收的铁质。5.铁质储量低的人应该去咨询医生,看看是否应通过调整饮食或服用铁质补剂来校正不足。

6.一般说来,如果你忽视自己摄入的铁质含量,不在铁质储备失去之前注意警告信号,你会有危险。

XIII

1 D

2 C

3 C

4 A

5 D

6 A

7 B

8 D

9 C 10 B 11 A 12 B 13 D 14 A 15 D

16 A 17 D 18 C 19 C 20 A

Section B

Reading Skills BAABAB

II BBAAABAA

III implying complicated obstacle exhibited possess multiplied equip speculate concentrating strengthen reduction logical mood revise IV applied to In response to is associated with in contrast to

in the same way that attributed to go through engage in

benefited greatly from stems from in addition to are separated into

focus on A succession of accidents

运动医学专家经过多年的观察,发现耐力运动员,特别是女性,经常会缺铁。普渡大学研究人员进行的一项新的研究表明:即使是适度的锻炼,也可能会降低女性血液中的铁含量。

“我们发现,那些通常不运动的女性一旦开始适度的锻炼,就会出现铁含量下降的迹象,”普渡大学罗斯安妮·M.莱尔副教授说。她对62名妇女进行了研究,并将研究结果发表在《体育运动医学与科学》杂志上。这些妇女原先不怎么运动,后来开始了为期6个月、每周3次的锻炼。

莱尔指出:“那些增食肉类食品或服用铁质补剂的女性能够恢复到健康状态。但突然参加锻炼却仍沿用旧食谱的人则显示出铁含量降低。”

缺铁在女性中是很常见的,每四个十几岁的少女中有一人缺铁,每五个18至45岁的女性中有一人缺铁。而在积极锻炼的妇女中这一比例更高,女耐力运动员中,缺铁者比例则高达80%。莱尔说,这意味着“太多女性忽视了自己摄入的铁含量”。育龄女性危险最大,因为月经是铁流失的重要原因之一。此外,许多保健意识太强的女性也很危险,因为她们拒绝食用牛肉或羊肉,而这些肉中含有的铁最易被吸收。而且,由于女性常常为了控制体重而节食,从而未能摄取足够的含铁丰富的食物,结果可能导致缺铁。

另一名专家指出,“普通女性每天摄入的铁只是应摄入量的三分之二。”他指出,“对于那些已经缺铁的女性,任何因锻炼而产生的更多铁质流失都足以导致体内缺铁状况的恶化。”

运动可能通过多种机制导致铁流失。有些铁随汗液流失。另外,由于某些未知的原因,高强度的耐力运动有时会引起消化系统内出血。运动员从事跑步之类高强度剧烈运动,也可能会因为足部血管失血的现象而使铁质流失。

缺铁分为三个阶段:第一也即最常见的阶段,是铁质储量不足。这一阶段一般没有症状。到了缺铁的第二阶段,就会出现疲倦和力不从心,此时体内已没有足够的铁来形成血蛋白分子,将氧输至运动肌肉。在第三即最后阶段,人常常感到虚弱、疲乏无力、喘不过气,运动成绩大打折扣。

人们认为,只要不到第三阶段就不会有什么问题。这种想法是不对的。”帮助设计普渡大学研究的约翰·L.比尔德说。“只有当你的铁储量为零时,你才会进入第三阶段。而你若坐等到这个时候,你的麻烦就大了。”

然而,比尔德指出,大多数铁质储量低的人并未意识到自己缺铁,因为传统的检验血液中铁含量的方法——检验血液中输送洋气的血蛋白的含量——是不够的。其实,有必要检查血液中另一种混合成分的含量,它可以显示血液中的铁含量。他还指出,虽然积极锻炼的育龄妇女最有可能铁含量低,“但男性也并非不缺铁,尤其是在他们不吃肉

类而又从事高强度的体力活动的情况下。”(估计有15%的男性长跑运动员铁含量低。)比尔德和其他专家都说,对这些人而言,最好每年验一次血,以测定血液中的铁含量。

如果铁含量低,就要去看医生,以确定是否该通过调整饮食或服用铁质补剂来校正不足。一般说来,解决问题是最好方法是在食谱中增加含铁丰富的食物,因为铁质补剂可能存在严重缺陷。服用铁质补剂可能使人想呕吐,有时甚至还会引起中毒。最好的铁来源,以及唯一最易为身体所吸收的铁来源,是肉、鸡和鱼。其他较好的铁质来源包括枣、豆类和一些多叶绿色蔬菜。

“选择那些标有‘加铁’字样的面包和麦片,”运动营养专家南希·克拉克写道,“这些增加的铁质补充了谷物中自然含铁量的不足。将这些食物与含有大量维生素C的食物一起食用——比如吃麦片时喝橘子汁,或在三明治内夹上番茄——可以促铁质吸收。”克拉克还建议用铁锅烹食,因为烹调过程中食物能从铁锅中吸收铁质。她写道,“在铁锅内烹煮了3个小时的番茄汁,其含铁量大大提高,增加到原来的30倍左右。”她说,铁含量可能低的人,吃饭时应避免喝咖啡或饮茶,因为这些饮料中所含的物质会妨碍身体对铁质的吸收。

“运动女性应特别注意选择饮食。”普渡大学的莱尔总结说:“如果你在铁含量流失之前就注意到了警告信号,你就可以在它真正成为问题之前弥补铁质的不足。”

Unit 3

III

1 cultivate

2 comprehensive

3 controversial

4 suspend

5 insulted

6 preliminary

7 conventional 8 reform 9 worthwhile 10 publicity mixture energetic intelligence cursed strain

IV

1. His girlfriend’s father saw him as a man who could not make a living.

2. The course was canceled over the students’ protest.

3. The problem is so difficult that we cannot work it out without the help of our teacher.

4. Children tend to do/try their utmost when they know their parents are making similar efforts.

5. The new teaching program didn’t work well in the school at the outset.

6. I was kind of excited when I received the letter that offered me an interview.

7. The school is scheduled to open on September 1.

8. They appeared to offer a free computer, complete with software and a printer.

9. In spite of hardships, they made real efforts that have resulted in more progress than expected.

10. Many people make things more difficult for themselves because they still operate on the principle that you should not ask for help, or you might seem weak.

V

F M K D C

G L O I B

VI

1 cold

2 competition

3 debate

4 desire

5 fear

6 heat

7 interest

8 love 9 pleasure 10 enthusiasm

VII

1 historic

2 atomic

3 optimistic

4 energetic

5 economic

6 heroic

VIII

1. responsibility

2. rapidity

3. mobility

4. curiosity

5. publicity

6. complexity

IX

1 In Britain, as in America, there is a great demand for educational reform.

2. In Greece, as in Italy, people use a lot of olive oil in cooking.

3. As in the Hyde School, values such as courage, integrity, leadership, curiosity and concern are the first, most important lesson in some public inner-city schools in Maryland.

4. In China, as in Japan, a large number of middle school students take supplementary classes in order to get into a famous university.

5. As in the middle of the 1950s, many young people went down to the countryside in the late 1960s and early 1970s. X

1 Once you’ve practiced a bit, you’ll find that it’s quite easy.

2. Once the meal was finished, the discussions began.

3. Once you show any fear, he will attack you.

4. Once parents make a commitment to the program, they will be daily role models for their children.

5. Once customers come to rely on these systems, they almost never take their business elsewhere.

XI

13.In his thinking, as in his behavior, he is very traditional.

14.Once the teachers agree to accept the new teaching program, they have to face the strain it puts on them.

15.In the long run, it is worthwhile to pursue one’s study after graduating from university instead of going to work

directly.

16.As the school operates on the Character First principle, moral values and academic achievements are stressed

equally.

17.It is said that the meeting, which is scheduled to be held this month, will be put off till next month.

18.The school sees its job as preparing its students for life by cultivating a comprehensive set of principles that can

benefit all of them.

XII

1. 跟在法国一样,美国在20世纪60年代也发生过文化革命。

2.他一旦下定决心去干一件事,就根本拦不住他。

3.学校强调的观点是:家长和孩子一起参加学校的活动是值得的。

4.快下课时,老师让学生用最后的五分钟来展开激烈的讨论,依照1—10的评分标准相互评价他们当天的课堂表现。

5.为了避免引发针对他们的品格培养方案的争论,该校校长解释说,品格第一并不是要强迫学生接受某一套道德原则或宗教观念。

6.并非所有的家长都相信海德中学的办学原则,即如果你向学生传授诸如求真、勇敢、正直领导能力、好奇心和关心他人等美德的话,学生的学习成绩就自然会提高。

XIII

1 B

2 D

3 A

4 B

5 D

6 B

7 A

8 D

9 C 10 B 11 B 12 A 13 C 14 C 15 A

16 B 17 C 18 A 19 D 20 B

Section B

Reading Skills

To discuss in detail the "unique cultural factors" that affect decision-making.

For some information about the Western-style decision-making.

How they react after the agreement is made.

By giving an example to illustrate the point.

II DACABABA

III exert analyzed differ consult discarded volume delicate convert dismissed flexible feasible sophisticated extreme aspects fundamental

IV in from on to behind From to between up for to from through

to/in at/about in/at from with in/from

海德中学的办学宗旨是:如果你向学生传授诸如求真、勇敢、正直、领导能力、好奇心和关心他人等美德的话,学

生的学习成绩自然就会提高。该校的创始人约瑟夫?高尔德声称学校的教学很成功。海德中学位于缅因州巴思市,

每年的学费高达1.8万美元,因其教导问题少年有方而闻名遐迩

“我们并不把自己看作一所专为某一类孩子而开设的学校,”马尔科姆?高尔德说。他是约瑟夫的儿子,毕业于海德中

学,现任海德中学校长。“我们把帮助孩子培养一种生活方式看作自己的职责,办法是倡导一整套能影响所有孩子

的价值观念。

.现在,乔?高尔德(约瑟夫?高尔德)正试图将他尚有争议的“品德第一”的理念向旧城区的公立学校推广。这些学校愿意将用于划的税金用于实施这一新的教学方法。海德公立学校第一个教学计划始于1992年9月。但几个月后,该计划即告暂停。教计划的高要求以及高强度工作所带来的压力表示抗议。

.今年秋天,海德基金会计划在巴尔的摩启动初步的公立学校教学计划。教师要接受培训,以便今后能在整个巴尔的

摩体系内胜任工作。美国其他学校的领导们也在关注这个教学计划。去年秋天,在家长的一片抗议声中,海德基金

会在康涅狄格州纽黑文市郊区的一所中学内启动了一个引人注目的教学计划。当地居民担心该校可能招进来旧城区

的少数民族学生和问题学生。

就像在缅因州那样,求真也在康涅狄格州的这所中学得到广泛推崇。在一堂英语课上,11名学生用最后的5分钟展

开激烈的讨论,依照1-10的评分标准相互评价他们当天的课堂表现。“我得10分。”“我有意见。你既没做语法作

业,也没做拼写练习。”“那好,就7分吧。”“你只能得6分。”“等等,我可是全力以赴的。”“是的,可你今天没提

问。”

在解释自己的教育方法时,乔?高尔德指出,对传统的教育体制不能只是改革。他说“无论怎样改革”,用马和马车“是

改革不出汽车的”。海德中学认为“每一个人都有自己的独特潜能”,这种潜能的基础是品格而不是智力或财富。良

知和苦干受到推崇。成功由不断进步来衡量,而不是由学习成绩来评定。学生必须相互负责。为了避免美国中学使

用的其他品格培养方案所引发的争议,高尔德解释说,“全力以赴”这一概念并不是要强迫学生接受某一套道德原则

或宗教观念。

海德中学的课程与那些为升入大学做准备的传统学校所开设的课程相似,包括英语、历史、数学和自然科学。但所

有的学生都必须选修表演艺术和体育,还要提供社区服务。在每门课程中,学生都会得到一个综合了学习成绩和“努

力程度”的分数。在巴思市,97%的海德中学毕业生都升入了大学本科。

在海德中学的综合教育中,父母的参与是一个关键的组成部分。为了使孩子被该校录取,家长也必须同意接受并实

践学校的思想和观点。家长们签约同意每月出席一次区域小组会议(共20个区域小组),每年去区域休养所三天,每

年至少参加三次巴思市的研修班、讨论组和研讨会。在很多活动中,缅因州学生家长的出席率高达95%。乔和马尔

科姆?高尔德都说,当孩子们见到自己的父母都在全力以赴时,他们也会竭尽全力。他们说,对许多家长而言,最

困难的是让他们意识到自己的不足。

公立学校学生家长的活动计划仍在制定之中。这项工作的困难要大得多,因为很难使家长相信他们的参与很有价值。

在纽黑文市录取的100名学生中,有30%左右的家长出席了各类特别会议。这一低出席率违背了他们在教学计划开

始实施时所做的承诺,当时海德中学的官员曾与300个家庭进行了面谈。

巴思市一名在公立学校教书达14年之久的教师说,一旦问题得到解决,海德教学计划就会在公立学校中获得成功。

他乐观地认为,一旦家长们投入到计划当中,他们就会成为孩子们日常行为的榜样,这与寄宿学校的学生家长完全

不同。

一名曾任教于旧城区学校的教师如今在从事纽黑文教学计划。他说,教师也能从中受益。“在这里,我们真正开始

集中精力与每一个学生建立卓有成效的关系。我们的重点真的是先考虑师生关系,然后是师生共同探讨学业。而在

传统的中学里,是先考虑教师和教材的关系,然后再考虑师生关系。” 师生关系在海德中学被进一步深化了。对教职员工的评估由学生来进行。

19岁的吉米?迪巴蒂斯塔今年5月将从巴思校区毕业,并准备升入大学。对此他感到惊奇。几年前,他还觉得自己的前途“是在监狱,而不是在大学”。迪巴蒂斯塔还记得他刚到海德中学时的情景。

"“我来这儿时,见人就侮辱,就咒骂。其他每所学校都会说:…滚出去!我们这儿不要你。?我来到这儿,他们却说:…我们有几分喜欢这种活力,但并不喜欢它消极的一面,我们要将它转化成积极的东西。?”

Unit 4

III

1. inspected

2. assembled

3. exaggerated

4. versions

5. universal

6. approved

7. recruit

8. evolved

9. dedicated 10. solemn contracts independence reputation destruction

IV

1. worked on

2. approve of

3. went ahead

4. for sale

5. come up with

6. refashioned into

7. rise to fame

8. captures my attention

9. evolved from

10. named after posing for go against

V

C E F N O K A H L I

VI

1. respect

2. influence

3. credit

4. confidence

5. support

6. acceptance

7. fame

8. insight

9. recognition 10. experience

VII

1. intelligence

2. consequence

3. significance

4. ignorance

5. indifference

6. competence

7. brilliance

8. magnificence

VIII

1. coexists

2. co-director

3. cooperate

4. co-pilot

5. co-author

IX

1. Jimmy walked slowly to the corner of the playground, his face covered with tears.

2. The taxi sped away, its lights disappearing into the distance.

3. Their stomachs crying for food, their back burning from too much sun, both boys gathered their things and headed for home.

4. Barbara just lay there, her mouth trembling, her eyes unfocused, unable to say a word.

5. Then the two players let him fall to the track, his chest landing first, his head following, bouncing, and finally lying still.

X

1 Most snakes, although with a threatening appearance, aren’t really dangerous if you leave them alone.

2. Women, even though with the same abilities, have failed to approach the income of men.

3. Though with a severe lack of coal, the principle was not forced to close the school.

4. She is capable of making complete French meals even though with no cheese after salad.

5. When in doubt about the result of your test, call the test office.

XI

19.Everything considered, this city is the world’s most exciting city.

20.Though with no approval from his parents, he went ahead with his plan to study abroad.

21.The bridge was named after the hero who gave his life for the cause of people.

22.It is said that the painter used his mother as the model in the painting whose face represented suffering yet

strength.

23.The writer instantly rose to fame in 1950 with the publication of a novel inspired by his experience with a girl on

a farm.

24.One story says that “US” was short for “Uncle Sam” whose real name was Sam Wilson, who had once worked

with a man who had signed a contract with the government to provide meat to the US Army.

XII

1. 这副画上一个神色严肃的男子,身旁站着一位女子,身后是所农舍。他们的原型分别是画家的牙医和姐姐。2.公司的申请书,不管是代表自己还是代表他人,都应该有官员的签名。

3.做了脱口秀之后,约翰和妻子在广播和电视节目上出了名,这些节目给普通民众以启迪,而不只是向他们提供信息。

4.尽管有些人不赞同,可市领导还是决定实施这个计划,在湖边建造两个五星级宾馆,以吸引更多的游客。5.那位著名画家去世了,曾经给他当模特的妻子立即担任了他装潢公司的总经理职务。

6.宴会上,他们的衣着都很华丽,但吸引我注意力的却是他们的交谈方式,使得我很想和他们交谈。

XIII

1 A

2 C

3 B

4 D

5 B

6 D

7 A

8 C

9 A 10 B 11 A 12 C 13 A 14 C 15 C

16 A 17 D 18 D 19 A 20 D

Section B

Reading Skills

To crush is to press something so hard that it is damaged or destroyed. Here Mary compares herself to a thing that is too weak to resist the pressure, i.e., the harsh words from publishers. Mary admits that she is extremely upset.

At the very beginning Engelbreit did not expect to draw greeting cards; she aimed high. Now that she was told her style was better suited for drawing greeting cards, she felt it was a comedown from high expectation. To her, drawing greeting cards was a fall from her life's goal.

The card is personified. As we know, a card cannot boast. Only the creator of the card boasts. However, the writer means to say that the card is communicating a proud message.

Acid means having a sour or bitter taste. When one has an acid tongue, he or she is very bitter to others, that is, he or she is very critical of others.

A trademark is a special name, sign, word, etc. marked on a product; it is a special sign or a distinctive characteristic. Now being cute is Mary's distinctive feature.

A core is the central part of certain fruit. A core of one's life is the most important part of one's life. The whole sentence means Engelbreit treasures old-fashioned art and values most.

When one puts his or her feet firmly on the ground, he or she is down-to-earth. In other words, he or she is very realistic and practical.

When you say an artistic work takes off, you mean it begins to be successful.

II ADBCCBAD

III crush astonishing comprised features decorated elaborate influential annual humorous/humourous sample distribution distinctive commerce license

IV to down on into to with off at up up in at from with of to

美国文化的五大象征

自由女神像

19世纪70年代中期,法国艺术家弗里德里克·奥古斯特·巴托尔迪正在设计一个大项目,名为“自由照耀世界”。这是一座庆祝美国独立和美法联盟的纪念碑。与此同时,他爱上了一位他在加拿大认识的女子。他母亲不赞成自己

的儿子和一个她没有见过的女子恋爱,然而巴托尔迪不为所动,和心中所爱于1876年结为伉俪。

同年,巴托尔迪组装完雕像的右臂和火炬,并将它们陈列在费城。据说,他用了妻子的手臂为模本,但觉得她的脸太漂亮,不适合做雕像模本。他需要这样一个女人:面容沧桑却不失坚定,庄重多于美丽。他选择了自己的母亲。1886年,自由女神像在纽约湾北部落成。雕像综合了他母亲的脸和他妻子的身材,不过巴托尔迪称之为“我的女儿,自由之神”。

芭比娃娃

在现今销售的各式各样的芭比娃娃之前,原本部门只有一种芭比娃娃。实际上,她的名字叫芭芭拉。

芭芭拉·汉德勒是马特尔玩具公司的联合创始人艾略特和鲁思·汉德勒夫妇的女儿。鲁思是在见到女儿玩纸娃娃之后才想到做芭比娃娃的。芭比娃娃的三维模特是一个德国洋娃娃,一个哄成年人开心的礼物,被描绘成具有“风尘女子”的模样。马特尔公司将这个娃娃做了一番改造,变成了体面而地道的美国版本,尽管胸围有些夸张。它以当时10多岁的少女芭芭拉的名字命名。

自从1959年面世,芭比娃娃就成了全球公认的“娃娃女王”。马特尔公司说,一般的美国女孩拥有10个芭比娃娃,全球每秒钟就有两个芭比娃娃售出。

如今芭芭拉已有60多岁了,她拒绝接受采访,但据说她非常喜欢芭比娃娃。她可能是当今世上最著名的不为人知的人物了。

1961年,芭比娃娃的男朋友面世,按芭芭拉的弟弟肯的名字命名。真正的肯于1994年去世。他对令自己全家名扬天下的娃娃极为厌恶。他在1993年说:“我可不想让我的孩子玩这洋娃娃。”

《美国哥特人》

1930年,格兰特·伍德因其画作《美国哥特人》一举成名。此画体现了美国农民庄严的自豪,常常被人复制。画面展示了一位神色严肃的男子和一位女子站立在农舍之前。伍德深受中世纪艺术家的影响,他的灵感来自于一所古老农舍的哥特式窗户,但最令世界注目的是画中人物的脸。

伍德喜欢画他熟悉的脸。为画神色严肃的农夫,他选择了他那表情木讷的牙医,至于站在他身边的农妇,他选择了自己的姐姐南。他把模特的脖子稍稍画长了一些,但无疑能看出谁是画像的原型。

南后来说道,《美国哥特人》带给她的名誉使她摆脱了一种非常乏味的生活。

野牛镍币

今天,美国的硬币都用来纪念美国政府的杰出人物,其中大部分是著名的前总统。但1913至1938年间发行的野牛镍币,却是为了纪念由美国拓居引起的两起相互关联的悲剧──野牛群的灭绝和美洲印第安人的毁灭。

此前一直是白人被用作美国镍币上的模特,而著名的艺术家詹姆斯·厄尔·弗雷泽却反传统而行之,起用了三名真正的美洲印第安人作为自己创作的原型。

由于大草原上不再有野牛漫步,弗雷泽为了镍币另一面上的野牛,只好到纽约中央公园的动物园里素描一只老野牛。两年后,即1915年,此牛以100美元的价格售出,然后被宰杀取肉、剥皮,牛角制成了墙上的装饰品。

山姆大叔

美国独立战争时期,14岁的山姆·威尔逊离家出走,加入父亲和哥哥们的行列,为美国殖民地独立于英国而战。23岁时,他开始从事肉类加工业,并因为人诚实、工作勤奋而赢得声誉。

此后在1812年的战争中,威尔逊获得了一个职位,为美国军队检验肉食。他的合伙人和美国政府签订了一份合同,给军队提供肉食。送到军队的肉桶上面都印有EA-US标志,EA代表公司名,US代表原产国。

传说有一回,有个政府官员来参观加工厂,问及这些字母的含义,一个想象力丰富的雇员告诉他,“US”是“山姆大叔”威尔逊的缩写。很快,士兵们都说所有的军需品都来自“山姆大叔”。

战后,政治漫画里开始出现一个名叫“山姆大叔”的人物。他的原型是一个早期漫画人物,名叫乔纳森大哥,此人在美国独立战争时期非常出名。很快,山姆大叔就取代了乔纳森大哥,成了最受美国人欢迎的象征。最令人难忘的山姆大叔的画像是由画家詹姆斯·蒙哥马利·弗拉格创作的,用在两次世界大战期间他画的很多著名的征兵招贴画上。山姆大叔的形象是:高个子,白头发,下巴上有一小撮白胡子,身着深蓝色外套,头戴一顶高帽,上有星星点缀。这模样其实就是弗拉格的自画像。

Unit 5

III

1. switch

2. decay

3. secured

4. loose

5. slid

6. privileges

7. interval

8. outline

9. preceding 10. shallow naked emotions hints Association dripping

IV

1. reached for

2. feel for

3. trying to avoid breathing

4. so that

5. managed to accomplish

6. sense my thoughts

7. provide for

8. spared me 9. read about 10. go about

V

N I K G M L A F C D

VI

1. pain

2. fear

3. tension

4. mind

5. stress

6. crisis

7. anger

8. anxiety

9. signs 10. hunger

VII

1. growth: the act of growing or developing; physical or natural development

2. warmth: the state or quality of being warm; warm-heartedness and kindness

3. depth: the distance from the top to the bottom of something

4. truth: the state or quality of being true; the actual facts or reality of something

5. length: the measurement of how long something is in size

6. breadth: the distance from one side of something to the other

7. width: the distance from one side of something to the other; the quality of being wide

8. death: the state of being dead

VIII

1. exposure

2. failures

3. disclosure

4. pressure

5. mountaineers

6. closure

7. profiteers

8. seizure

IX

1. did he realize that the task was a little too difficult for the new secretary to finish on her own

2. did Mary stop weeping

3. will all the employees know the result of their performance evaluation

4. did she become aware how hard it was for her mother to have brought up her sister and her on her own

5. did I get to know what happened in the end to the main characters

X

1. Having finished their morning work, the clerks stood up behind their desk, stretching themselves.

2. The secretary worked late into the night, preparing a speech for the President.

3. Seeing no prospect of success, we quitted the attempt to climb the mountain.

4. Knowing that they were going traveling, the students began to make preparation.

5. Having been found guilty, the man was given a severe sentence by the judge.

XI

25.Not until he saw his mother lying in bed, dying, did he realize how much he loved her.

26.Taking into account of his recent physical condition, I think he has done quite well in the exam.

27.Mrs. Clark lies in bed motionless, and I wondered briefly if she is still alive.

28.The building was darkened except for a single light burning in a third-storey window.

29.These soldiers have received very strict training and are well equipped to fulfill the new task.

30.He reached for the phone, picked it up, and dialed the hotel’s number.

XII

1. 直到60年代早期,人们似乎才普遍认同英国不再是以前心目中那样的大国了。

2.在决定了租房之后,我们便着手与市内所有的房屋代理商联系。

3.我小心翼翼地替她擦身子,尽量避免弄疼她,因为她瘦的只剩皮包骨了。

4.我心间对这位老人涌起了一股感情。他那暗黄的皮肤松弛地裹在显得异常大的骨头上,深陷的胸部随着不均匀的呼吸一起一伏。

5.你在报上读到那位著名画家的消息了吗?他实际上是为了要成为视觉艺术大师的抱负而累死的。

6.有迹象表明,这位老太太想孤独地离开人世,不让她的家人看到他们或许无力面对的人生插曲。

XIII

1 B

2 C

3 B

4 A

5 D

6 B

7 D

8 A

9 C 10 A 11 C 12 A 13 C

14 B 15 A 16 D 17 D 18 A 19 B 20 A

Section B

Reading Skills BBCAC ABCCA

II BAAB ABBA

III permission inserted necessities relieve withdraw arbitrary phase elected transparent cooperate profession sympathetic qualifications intimate

IV Her voice was beginning to tremble and she tried to control it but in vain.

Jennifer was late for class the other day as a result of the heavy snow.

The small company is now confronted with intense competition for the market share.

In wintertime, food was hard to come by, so many animals died of hunger.

Tom decided to follow his father's advice and apply for a job in the bank, as he liked working with numbers.

I'm sorry I forgot his birthday: The date just completely slipped my mind.

In the end our choices came down to going or staying.

The old man had a stroke, which condemned him to bed in the hospital for about half a year.

My French was so poor at that time that I often had trouble making myself understood.

If you have some one on your mind, let her know. Chances are you are on hers as well.

What it comes down to is who is going to be the best on the basketball court for us.

None of their plans worked and Barbara and Ted decided to let life takes its course.

我从未见过克拉克夫人,但看过她的医疗记录和上一位值班医生交给我的报告后,我知道她今晚会去世。

她屋里唯一的光线来自一台医疗设备,它闪着红光,似乎在发出警告。

我站在那里,一股怪味刺激着我的鼻子,我想起了过去闻到过的腐烂的气味,我闭上了眼睛。

我嘴里有一股从胃里返上来的酸味。

我伸手去开灯。灯静静地照亮了整个病房,我走回病床边,用无动于衷的、医生的目光观察着病人。

克拉克夫人已奄奄一息了。

她一动不动地躺着:骨瘦如柴的身体使她的头显得特别大;皮肤呈暗黄色,松松地裹在嶙峋的、连毛毯也遮掩不住的骨骼上;她的右臂平伸在床边,被无情地用胶带固定在一块板上,以便能固定针头使液体滴入;左臂横放在深陷的胸部,胸口随着不均匀的呼吸一起一伏。

我伸手去触摸她放在胸口的细长手指。

冰凉冰凉的。我忙将手移到她的手腕,去感觉那微弱的脉搏。

克拉克夫人将头稍稍转向我,微微地睁开眼。

我俯过身去,勉强听见她微弱的声音:“水。”

我从桌上拿起一杯水,用手指封着吸管的一端,滴了几滴凉凉的水到她的嘴里,以缓解她的干渴。

她没有用力去吞咽,因为力气不够。

“还要,”那干涩的声音说。

于是我们又重复了一次。这次她终于咽了一些,并轻轻说了声:“谢谢,你。”

她虚弱得没法交谈,因此没等她要求,我就开始做她所需要的。

我像抱孩子似的把她抱起来,给她翻了个身。

除了一件浅色的病号服,她什么也没穿。她又小又轻,像遭受了严重饥荒一样。

我打开护肤霜的瓶盖,揩了一些在手心。

为了不伤着她,我小心翼翼地把护肤霜擦在她发黄的皮肤上。她的皮肤松松地在骨头上滑动,背上每块骨头的轮廓都能清楚地摸到。

当我把枕头放在她两腿之间时,发现它们也是冰凉的,直到把手移到她膝盖以上的部位,我才感受到血液供给生命的热度。

而后,我挪了把椅子面朝她坐在床边,握住她那只没被固定的手,此时我又一次注意到她细长的手指。

很优雅。一时间,我突然想知道她是否有家庭,接着我发现病房里没有花,没有孩子们画的彩虹和蝴蝶,也没有卡片。

房间中没有任何迹象表明她是一个被人爱着的人。

她似乎读懂了我的心思,平静地回答我说:“今天……我让……家里人……都……回家……不想……他们……看见……”

她耗尽了最后的那点力气,再也说不下去了。但我已然明白她做了些什么。

我不知道说什么好,所以什么也没说。

她好像又看穿了我的心思:“你……留下……”

时间似乎停滞了。

在一片寂静中,我感觉自己的脉搏加快了,我听到自己的呼吸开始伴随着她那不均匀的呼吸一起一落。

我们互相对视,不知怎么的,我们都意识到,这是两个生命间的一个特殊时刻。

她那细长的手指很轻易地就拢住了我的手,我微笑着慢慢点了点头。

无需任何语言,我从她发黄的眼睛中感受到了她对我的谢意,她慢慢闭上了眼睛。

不知过了多长时间,她又睁开了双眼,只是这一次目光里没有任何反应,只有空洞的凝视。

没有一点先兆,她那细弱的呼吸停止了。很快,微弱的脉搏也消失了。

一颗泪珠从她的左眼中流出,滑过脸颊,落在枕上。

我开始轻声哭泣。

对这位迅速走进又走出我生活的陌生人,我心间涌起了一股感情。

她的痛苦结束了,可她的生命也结束了。

我依然握着她的手,渐渐地,我意识到我并不害怕这种感情之战,意识到这实际是她赐予我的特殊荣幸,而且我还乐意再来一次。

克拉克夫人没有让她的家人目睹这一幕他们或许无力面对的人生插曲,却与我分享了它。

她不想让家人看着她死去,然而她也不愿孤独地离去。

不应当有人孤独离去的,我很高兴能守候在她身边。

两天后,我在报上读到了克拉克夫人的消息。

原来她是7个孩子的母亲、18个孩子的祖母、教会里的活跃分子、社区志愿者协会的领导人、音乐会钢琴演奏家、从教30余年的钢琴教师。

是啊,她的手指是那样细长而优雅。

Unit 6

III

1. sensible

2. detect

3. precaution

4. occurrence

5. withstand

6. resistant

7. vertical

8. accidental

9. enclosed 10. fastened related joints data arrangement

IV

1. come out of

2. watch for

3. resistant to

4. put out 5 .After all 6. make a difference to 7. agree on 8. attach labels to 9. if necessary 10. In addition to check in at work repare for

V

E J K O B L C H G N

VI

1. sense

2. message

3. argument

4. image

5. idea

6. belief

7. knowledge

8. reputation

9. standard 10. habit

VII

1-f cupboard 橱柜2-I motorcycle 摩托车3-l silkworm 蚕4-k teardrop 泪滴

5-g bloodstain 血迹6-a sawdust 锯木屑7-e cabinet-maker 细木工匠

8-j steamboat 汽船9-b arrowhead 箭头10-h shirtsleeves 衬衫袖子

11-d windowpane 窗玻璃12-c manservant 男佣人

VIII

1. encourage

2. enlarge

3. encircles

4. enable

5. endanger

6. enlightened

7. ensure

8. enforce

9. enacted 10. endear

IX

1. so that the baby would not catch cold

2. so that more people would vote for him

3. so that his father might forgive him for his failure in the math exam

4. so that it would go on smoothly

5. so that you can judge for yourself

X

1. She cycled from Shanghai to Beijing, which is pretty difficult for a woman of 50.

2. He wore his swimming things in the office, which shocked his boss a great deal.

3. They ran out of drink, which actually didn’t bother me because I wasn’t drinking.

4. They will win the match, which will please my brother.

5. She borrowed a book on literature, which suggests that her literature teacher was having some influence on her.

XI

31.We should try our best to forecast earthquakes so that destruction of property caused by them could be

prevented as much as possible.

32.A farmer noticed large schools of fish swimming near the surface of the water, which, he said, indicated the

possible occurrence of an earthquake.

33.Keep an English-English dictionary handy, and when you cannot understand a word with accuracy, you may

refer to it any time.

34.If necessary, people who live in the area where an earthquake is about to occur may sleep in tents.

35.A master’s degree does make a great difference to a student who wants to get a job.

36.In addition to the knowledge about earthquakes, the book tells us how to prepare for them.

XII

1. 由于在地震中遇难的人大部分都是被倒塌的建筑物砸死的,所以一定要改进建筑结构,以便它们能够抵御地震的力量。

2.人们应该在家里和工作地点储备些水和食物,这在可能发生地震时是特别必要的。

3.在日本和中国,人们长期以来一直相信通过观察动物行为可以预测地震。

4.除了努力改进建筑结构之外,地震多发地区的人们还应该在其他几个方面为可能发生的大地震做好准备。5.明智的做法是每个家庭都制定地震应急计划,而且所有的家庭成员都应该知道在地震过后的混乱中如何离开那

个地区。

6.由于剩下的几条可用电话线路将会很忙,所有的家人都应该往往在远离地震区域的某个朋友或亲戚家中打电话报平安。

XIII

1 B

2 C

3 A

4 B

5 C

6 D

7 A

8 C

9 D 10 A 11 B 12 B 13 D

14 C 15 D 16 B 17 A 18 C 19 D 20 D

Section B

Reading Skills

Because things in nature, large or small, new or old, are judged in comparison with other things involved.

About five billion years ago.

About three million years ago.

From Paragraph 6 to Paragraph 9.

From Paragraph 10 to Paragraph 13.

II BABA AAAB

III outcome permanent exceeding likewise accelerate retain ignorant shortage duration protective manual abusing rotates flourishing

IV Now that I am retired, I find I am spending more and more time on charity work, which I am very happy to take part in.

His suggestions are in harmony with the aims of the project.

In other words, 95 percent of the students have passed the entrance examination and been admitted to universities.

We go abroad for a week or ten days every year, but I think we have a very simple life compared with many.

Since coal is formed from plants, which are chemically very complicated, its own chemical make-up is very complex.

During his stay in the countryside, he took to smoking.

The father was ignorant of the boy's secrets.

The earthquake that took place last week brought about ten thousand deaths and destruction of half of the buildings in the area.

The lawyer said to the old man: "If you die before you have made a will, the law will decide the distribution of your property, which may not be in accordance with your wishes."

The changes that have taken place over the past several years—both in terms of the marketplace and in the changing expectations of our patients—increasingly require that our physicians be kind to their patients.

It may seem a laughably small sum compared to the salary you've been used to, and is an impossibly small amount to survive on.

Organizations and individuals must prepare to take advantage of the business opportunities that lie ahead.

从理想上说,人们希望知道地震什么时候发生,破坏程度如何。.在日本和中国,人们长期以来一直相信地震是可以预测的。在日本,科学家在陆地上和海洋中铺设电线,以监测它们的运动。而中国人的传统做法是观察动植物以获取地震的警示信号。例如,中国人已经注意到,地震之前鸡的行为有异常:它们夜晚不肯进笼。他们还注意到,蛇会爬出地穴而冻死,狗会狂吠不已,甚至那些平常很安静的狗也会叫个不停。日本的阪神地震发生之前,有报告说大批鱼群游到了水面。有些鸟,如鸽子,也似乎显得特别聒噪,据说地震前它们飞行的方式也与往常不同。也许最有趣、也最容易测量的,是地震前地下水发生的化学变化。. 实验数据似乎表明,地震前地下水中氡的含量会增高。

人们还希望能够预防地震造成的重大财产损失。要知道,多数在地震中丧生的人都是被倒塌的建筑物砸死的。所以,建造具有抗震能力的楼房结构成为关注的重点。钢似乎是最佳的建材,但一旦被焊接成僵硬的结构就不行了。许多新式结构都采用了一种新型的钢接合方法,即I形接合,它看起来是种最耐用的接合。这些钢接合在移动时不会断裂。.同样,为了预防财产损失,建筑师如今设计楼房时会使房屋的支柱和横梁力度相等,而垂直支柱则深深插入坚实的地基中。此外,许多新型房屋都有较轻的屋顶和坚实的墙壁。高架桥的水泥柱先前只是在内部埋设钢条,如今外面也包上了钢板。

除了设法改善建筑结构外,地震频发区的人们也需要为可能发生的大地震做好防备工作。他们应当定期检查和加固房屋,将重物放在低处,将碗橱和柜子贴墙放置,加固房门以防地震时突然脱开。

除做好房屋的防震外,这些地区的人们还需要为自身做些防备。他们应该在家里和工作地储备些水和食物。最好每人储备几加仑水。储备一些可以净化水和消灭病菌的东西也很重要,这样就可以安全饮用其他来源的水了。每人准备一周的食物。地震救生储备还包括无线电接收器、手电、备用电池、急救用品、铁锹、帐篷、绳子和保暖衣物。此外专家们还提出了以下建议:

手边备有灭火器。应该在住处、工作场所和汽车里(如果你有车的话)都存放一个。灭火器应该是可以扑灭任何火灾的那种。有必要的话,准备一些能关闭煤气和自来水管道的特制工具。放置一个备用的户外烹调和取暖用具,或者准备一个便携式露营灶和几小罐煤气。在住处、工作场所和汽车里放一双厚重、舒适的鞋或靴子。发生地震时会有大量的玻璃碎片。轻便的鞋子不能像厚重的鞋子那样保护好你的双脚。

每个家庭都需要制定地震救急计划。如何让一家人在地震的混乱中安全离开?大家应该商定一个地震区外的会合点——可能是在几英里外的某个市镇。同样,安排好家人地震时的联络方式也很重要。地震若发生在大城市,市里的许多电话线路很可能中断,剩下的为数不多的可用线路会很忙,因为灾难之后自然会有许多电话,要从市里的一个地方打到另一个地方会很困难。但是可能可以与市外通电话。. 明智的安排是,让所有的家人都给一个住在一百多英里之外的朋友或亲戚打电话,以报平安。

尽管科学家们仍无法预测地震,但对地壳中的大板块如何移动,板块间的压力如何,地震如何发生,某地区发生地震的一般概率为多少,他们正了解得越来越多。在不久的将来,精确预测地震将成为可能。然而,即使可以预测,居住在地震频发区的人们还是应尽力预防灾难,办法是建造能够抵抗地表运动的房屋,同时做好个人准备。在挽救生命和防止家庭损失方面,这些预防措施会发挥很大的作用。教育人们如何在地震中幸存下来,应该是所有政府规划和地震研究项目的重点所在。

Unit 7

III

1. modernize

2. interpret

3. distributing

4. punctually

5. conservation

6. maximum

7. exported

8. conquer

9. classification 10. recreation bundle commercial series ceptionist spokesman

IV

1. by name

2. in high gear

3. turned out

4. At times

5. as to

6. stem from

7. put in

8. on the subject of

9. in the interest of 10. work on dropped out of claw his way expect from

V

D G N B I M

E J L A

VI

1. life

2. economy

3. conversation

4. politics

5. country

6. garden

7. industry

8. literature

9. interview 10. meetings

VII

1. seaward: going toward the sea

2. backward: directed toward the back, the beginning, or the past; returning; behind in development

3. earthward: toward the earth

4. outward: toward the outside; away; on the outside, appearing to be true but perhaps not really true

5. southward: going toward the south

6. northward: going toward the north

7. homeward: going toward home

8. inward: moving toward the inside; on the inside; of the mind or spirit

VIII

1. interchangeable

2. intermingle

3. interconnected

4. interdependent

5. interplay

6. intermarriage

7. interpersonal

8. interactive

IX

1. As to what actually happened to the headquarters

2. As to where I should go to further my study

3. as to how different they are and why we want to keep them both

4. as to whether or nor I should remain at the college working as a teaching assistant

5. as to whether the old hard ware is to be replaced by new hardware

X

1. There is no use trying to help those who do not help themselves

2. it is no good trying to solve the issue between the nations by means of war

3. There is no sense refusing to accept it

4. There is no point in having a load of money

5. there is no harm in spending some time thinking about what sort of career you might wish to pursue

XI

37.An interesting question therefore remains as to how far Microsoft can go with Gates as its CEO.

38.There’s/It’s no use complaining since nothing ever changes as the result of a complaint. What’s importa nt is to

take measures to prevent similar events from happiness.

39.Learn to accept the fact that some people you thought were friends turn out to be enemies.

40.As you would expect from the book’s title, there are many references to what kind of man Gates is.

41.The prosperity of the company stems from hardworking and thrifty of the entire staff.

42.He said nothing at all on the subject of the play which was put on for the first time Saturday night.

XII

1. 至于那天晚上他是怎么死的,事实上我无法解释,而且也许不会有任何可能的解释了。

2.做了一件事然后说自己本来不想那样做是没有用的;如果你不想做,你就不会做了。

3.微软公司正在研究降低其产品成本的方法,以便发展中国家的人也能买得起。

4.苹果公司也愿意将其部分软件与微软公司的产品捆绑在一起,以促进其销售。

5.与评价父亲不同,人们评价母亲依据的是其为母之道的成功或失败。对于母亲来说,一切都取决于孩子最终成为什么样的人。

6.人们会发现这个网站很有价值,因为我们投入了大量时间准备网站的信息。

XIII

1 A

2 B

3 C

4 B

5 A

6 D

7 B

8 D

9 C 10 A 11 D 12 B 13 D

14 C 15 A 16 C 17 D 18 C 19 A 20 D

Section B

Reading Skills

Even from the title of the text we can see that it is about Martin Luther King, the most important leader of the civil rights movement in the United States.

The numbers are mainly dates and some statistics.

Altogether, there are four full quotes in the text: one from Thoreau, an American writer; one from Gunnar Jahn of the Norwegian Nobel Committee; and two from Martin Luther King himself.

The title of the text indicates that the whole piece is going to be informational. The language of the first paragraph testifies this. It has no technical terms. Frequently seen in the text are dates, which are associated with the activities of Martin Luther King. The language is very formal as it has rather long sentences. This also points to the fact that the writer of the text intends to inform readers of the most famous civil rights movement leader—Martin Luther King.

II BDAC DADC

III abolished bribing arrested propose vote amend regulating discriminate reverse witness approximate accords evil

IV with to at for in in aside as on of for for over

比尔·盖茨

“我19岁看到了未来,并将我的所见当作我事业的基点,结果证明我是对的。”──比尔·盖茨

他是当今世上最著名的商人、最有钱的富豪──1997年他的资产预计为400亿美元。

毫无疑问,他与托马斯·爱迪生、亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔以及其他改变世界的伟人属于同一行列。

这个自称为“黑客”的人主导着个人计算机革命,并在这一过程中使整个世界现代化。

的确,将他划入任何其他行列,都可能大大淡化他对世界的影响。

盖茨的成功源自他的人格:他才华横溢、冲劲十足、争强好胜,这些加在一起令人难以置信,有时甚至令人畏惧。当这位董事长兼首席执行官走过微软大楼的走廊时,他身边的人和物就像被打开了电源,充了一万伏电。

盖茨树立了榜样,微软的员工紧随其后。

他的工作安排暗示着他对员工的期待。

这位“微软校园”的“校长”经常每天工作16小时。

的确,如果说盖茨的风格与他人有别的话,那就是他把握时间的技能。

节约时间、精力充沛和专心致志是他的突出特点。

他一会儿充当技术时代的国际代言人,一会儿在微软总部谋划经营策略,充分利用每一分钟,最大限度的开展工作。他总是准时,总是处于高速运转状态,他习惯利用白天的点滴空闲进餐、与朋友交谈或娱乐。

微软人笑话他的接待员是天底下最勤奋的人。

事实上,他有几个接待员。

他或许需要有人专门安排他的旅行计划和去国外的签证。

说到旅行,他节约钱和时间也是出了名的。

出差时,他尽可能坐普通民航飞机;为了节省时间,他从不托运行李。

接待他的东道主也发现,他住在城里时他们很省钱。

他的时间表上没有计划旅游的时间,日程表上也没有游览或观光计划。

有的只是工作,工作,工作。

另一个使他与众不同的特质是他令人难以置信的“多任务操作”能力。

他办公时使用两台电脑,一台开有多重窗口以编排从英特网上不断接收的数据,另一台处理他接收的数以百计的电子邮件。

甚至他在用可视电话主持会议时,还能审核数据。

盖茨主要通过以下三种方法来经营他的公司:他每天(和每晚)发出100封或更多电子邮件;

他大约每月与由专家和顾问组成的高层管理委员会会晤一次;

更重要的是,他每天召开两三个小型碰头会,接连与会的是研发公司各种产品的团队。

他不作指名道姓的个别谈话,也不作太多的表扬,只作顺时针方向的圆桌会谈,仔细听取每个人的意见。

遇到不太明白的说法,他就询问甚至质疑他的手下。

“请就此明示,”他会这么说,希望把不清楚的地方弄明白。

他作出的每个决定,都是基于对其价值的了解。

他不需要依赖个人权术。

比尔·盖茨读六年级时,他父母送他去看心理医生。

一年后,经过多次看医生和检查,医生有了结论。

“您管不了他的,”他对盖茨的母亲玛丽说。

“最好接受现实,打他是不管用的。”

自从盖茨从哈佛退学转去攻克计算机操作系统和应用软件,22年来他一直是那些企图挤进这个市场的竞争对手的死敌。

1975年初,他19岁,还在哈佛大学读书,他和保罗·艾伦写了一份程序设计语言的编译程序,供MITS (微仪表和自动系统公司)的Altair电脑用,这是第一台商业个人电脑。

盖茨是个勤奋的编码者和竞争对手,而艾伦却是个充满幻想的梦想家,正是他们的这种密切关系给微软垫定了第一块砖。

1976年,盖茨开始许可计算机生产商直接配销微软软件产品,这大大增加了微软的利润。

尽管MITS很快就关闭了,微软却已吸引住了新的顾客,还包括当时一些小硬件公司,如苹果公司,柯摩多尔公司和坦迪公司。

1980年,IBM(美国国际商用机器公司)邀请微软为其新产品即IBM个人电脑(IBM PC)编写一整套程序设计语言。

盖茨提议微软也可以生产操作系统(即微软磁盘操作系统,MS-DOS)。

于是IMB PC和MS-DOS便捆绑在一起,并于1981年8月面世。

整个20世纪80年代,微软稳定发展。到了90年代,MS-DOS已出口到世界各地,成了独霸全球的软件平台。

到1995年,全世界大约85%的个人电脑使用微软操作系统。

如今,“微软校园”成了新思想和新产品的“家园”,产品数量目前超过200种。

其雇员迅速增加到将近18,000人,利润达到60亿美元。

到1992年,至少有3,400名微软雇员因持有微软股份而成为百万富翁。

盖茨说,他希望再经营微软十年,并许诺之后会将主要精力放在家庭和捐赠自己的钱财上。但是这不会是你听到他的最后的故事。

在发达国家,几乎人人都已使用或正在使用含有他的部件的产品。人们借用微软浏览器上网,观看梦工厂带来的影片。

人们唯独不知道的是,不久的将来他还会干什么。

Unit 8

Section A

Vocabulary

III.

1. mount

2. resembles

3. implication

4. prohibits

5. deliberate

6. debate

7. classified

8. guidelines

9. split 10. generated 11. categories 12. breed 13. commission 14. draft 15. confusion

IV.

1. within reach

2. fall into

3. in terms of

4. get around

5. regardless of

6. referred to

7. What if

8. in the first place

9. concerned about 10. identical to 11. in the wake of 12. comparable to 13. puzzling over

V.

1. K

2. E

3. M

4. O

5. F

6. H

7. N

8. A

9. I 10. B

Collocation

VI.

1. duties

2. emotions

3. interests

4. experience

5. responsibility

6. love

7. characteristics

8. memories

9. information 10. belief

Word Building

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