2012届高考英语实战演练专题阅读理解(96-100)《附详析》
2012届高考英语实战演练专题阅读理解（96-100）《附详析》
(第96篇)
When people hear a president speak, they seldom think about others helping to shape the presentation (报告). Today, however，presidents depend on writers such as J. Terry Edmonds to help them communicate (交流) effectively. Edmonds is the first African American ever to work as a full-time speechwriter for a U. S. president；he is also the first African American to serve as director of speechwriting for the White House. His is an all-American story of success.
Edmonds grew up in Baltimore, Maryland; his father drove a truck，and his mother worked as a waitress. A great reader, Edmonds showed a gift for writing at his high school，Baltimore City College. After graduating in 1967, Edmonds went on to Morgan State University.
Edmonds began his career in business, with jobs in public relations and communications. He joined the world of politics as news secretary for his congressman (国会议员) from Baltimore. During Bill Clinton’s presidency, he wrote speeches for Healt h and Human Services Secretary Donna Shalala and worked in a number of jobs in the White House and in governmental departments. President Clinton then appointed(任命) him to the office of director of speechwriting. Following the 2000 elections, Edmonds retur ned to Morgan State University as the school’s special assistant to the president for 2001—2002.
[语篇解读]文章主要介绍美国总统演讲稿撰写人J.T erry Edmonds的成长经历。
1. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?
A. Edmonds proved himself to be good at writing at high school.
B. Edmonds graduated from Morgan State University in 1967.
C. Edmonds was the first full-time speechwriter.
D. Edmonds served the White House after 2000.
[解析]事实细节题。根据第二段第二句．..Edmonds showed a gift for writing at his high school，Baltimore City College.可知Edmonds上中学时就表现出了写作天赋，故选A。
[答案] A
2. Edmonds entered the world of politics first as________.
A. news secretary for a congressman
B. a speechwriter for President Clinton
C. news secretary in the White House
D. a speechwriter for Secretary Donna Shalala
[解析]事实细节题。根据第三段第二句He joined the world of politics as news secretary for his congressman(国会议员)from Baltimore.可知答案为A。
[答案] A
3. The text is most likely to be found in a book about________.
A. popular science
B. historical events
C. successful people
D. political systems
[解析]推理判断题。本文主要是介绍Edmonds的成功经历，故本题选C。
[答案] C
(第97篇)
Outside her shabby cottage, old Mrs. Tailor was hanging out laundry on a wire line, unaware that some children lay hidden in the leaves of a nearby tree watching her every move. They were determined to find out if she really was a witch.
They watched as she took a broomstick to clean the dirt from her stone steps. But, much to their disappointment, she did not mount the broomstick and take flight. Suddenly，the old lady’s work was interrupted by the cackling of her hen—a signal that an egg had been laid in the warm nest on top of the haystack.
The old broomstick was put aside as she hobbled off towards the haystack followed by Sooty, a black cat she had rescued from a fox trap some time back. With only three legs, it was hard for Sooty to keep up with the old lady. The cat provided proof—the children were sure that only a witch would own a black cat with three legs.
There ，standing on a wooden box, was Mrs. Tailor, stretching out to gather her precious egg. Taking the egg in one of her hands, she began to climb down when, without warning, the box broke and the old lady fell.
“We have to go and help her, ”whispered Amy.
“What if it is a trick？”replied Ben.
“Don’t be silly, Ben. If she were a witch, she would have turned us into frogs already，”reasoned Meg. “Come on Amy, let’s go. ”The girls climbed down the tree and ran all the way to the haystack.
Approaching carefully, they could see a wound on the old lady’s face. She had knocked her head on a stone and her ankle was definitely broken. “Go and get Dad，” Amy yelled to her brother. “Tell him about the accident.”
The boys did not need another excuse to leave. They ran as fast as they could for help, hoping that Mrs. Tailor would not wake and turn the girls into frogs.
[语篇解读]孩子们对住在破旧房舍里的、用扫帚柄扫台阶的、后面跟着一只黑色的三条腿的猫的Old Mrs.Tailor是不是巫师很感兴趣，于是躲在附近的树上偷偷观察，结果如何呢？本文的寓意又是什么呢？
1. Why were the children hiding in the tree?
A. They wanted to watch Mrs. Tailor do her housework closely.
B. They were playing a hide-and-seek game.
C. They wanted to find out if the rumors about Mrs. Tailor were true.
D. They were pretending to be spies.
[解析]事实细节题。由首段尾句They were determined to find out if she really was a witch.可知孩子们想看看人们对老太太是巫师的传言是否是真的。
[答案] C
2. Mrs. Tailor stopped sweeping when________.
A. her front steps were clean
B. she noticed the children in the tree
C. she was ready to take a flight
D. she heard the hen cackling
[解析]事实细节题。由第二段倒数最后一句可知答案为D。
[答案] D
3. Ben did not rush to help Mrs. Tailor because________.
A. he thought that she could be tricking them
B. he knew that they should not have been in the tree
C. he did not see the old lady fall down
D. he was afraid of the three-legged cat
[解析]推理判断题。从文中描述的内容可知，Ben认为Mrs. T ailor是一个巫师，他认为可能是Mrs. Tailor在使诡计，所以在两个女孩子前去救助时，他依然没有奔向前去帮助Mrs. Tailor。
[答案] A
4．Which of these old sayings best suits the story’s lesson for us?
A. Make hay while the sun shines.
B. Never judge a book by its cover.
C. People in glasshouses should not throw stones.
D. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
[解析]推理判断题。通读全文可以推知，作者想告诉我们“不要以貌取人或仅从事物的表象来判断事物”。
[答案] B
(第98篇)
Andrew Ritchie, inventor of the Brompton folding bicycle, once said that the perfect portable bike would be“ like a magic carpet...You could fold it up and put it into your pocket or handbag”. Then he paused：“ But you’ll always be limited by the size of the wheels. And so far no one has invented a folding wheel.”
It was a rare—indeed unique—occasion when I was able to put Ritchie right. A 19th-century inventor，William Henry James Grout，did in fact design a folding wheel. His bike, predictably named the Grout Portable, had a frame that split into two and a larger wheel that could be separated into four pieces. All the bits fitted into Grout’s Wonderful Bag，a leather case.
Grout’s aim: to solve the problems of carrying a bike on a train.Now doesn’t that sound familiar? Grout intended to find a way of making a bike small enough for train travel: his bike was a huge beast. And importantly, the design of early bicycles gave him an advantage：in Grout’s day ，tyres were solid，which made the business of splitting a wheel into four separate parts relatively simple. You couldn’t do the same with a wheel fitted with a one-piece inflated(充气的) tyre.
So，in a 21st-century context, is the idea of the folding wheel dead? It is not. A British design engineer, Duncan Fitzsimons, has developed a wheel that can be squashed into something like a slender ellipse(椭圆). Throughout，the tyre remains inflated.
Will the young Fitzsimons’s folding wheel make it into production? I haven’t the foggiest idea. But his inventiveness shows two things. First, people have been saying for more than a century that bike design has reached its limit, except for gradual advances.
I t’s as silly a concept now as it was 100-years-ago：there’s plenty still to go for. Second, it is in the field of folding bikes that we are seeing the most interesting inventions. You can buy a folding bike for less than ￡1,000 that can be knocked down so small that it can be carried on a plane — minus wheels, of course—as hand baggage.
Folding wheels would make all manner of things possible. Have we yet got the magic carpet of Andrew Ritchie’s imagination? No. But it’s progress.
[语篇解读]一位发明家想要发明折叠自行车的话，最大的困难是如何折叠轮子。其实19世纪的一位发明家在当年已经做到了，令人欣喜的是现在又有人想出了折叠轮子的办法。我们都在期待着。
1. We can infer from Paragraph 1 that thc Brompton folding bike________.
A. was portable
B. had a folding wheel
C. could be put in a pocket
D. looked like a magic carpet
[解析]推理判断题。这种自行车的特点是便于携带，而不是呈地毯状或为的是能放进口袋，故不能选C或D。
[答案] A
2. We can learn from the text that the wheels of the Grout Portable________.
A. were difficult to separate
B. could be split into 6 pieces
C. were fitted with solid tyres
D. were hard to carry on a train
[解析]推理判断题。从文章第三段“And importantly...in Grout’s day，tyres were solid...”可得知答案。他的折叠方法只适合当时的固体轮胎。
[答案] C
3. We can learn from the text that Fitzsimons’s invention________.
A. kept the tyre as a whole piece
B. was made into production soon
C. left little room for improvement
D. changed our views on bag design
[解析]推理判断题。从文章第四段“squashed into...like a slender ellipse”可得知答案。
[答案] A
4. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A. Three folding bike inventors
B. The making of a folding bike
C. Progress in folding bike design
D. Ways of separating a bike wheel
[解析]主旨大意题。全文讲述了不同时期的三位发明家对折叠自行车的探索。故选C。
[答案] C
(第99篇)
We once had a poster competition in our fifth grade art class.
“You could win prizes，” our teacher told us as she wrote the poster information on the blackboard. She passed out sheets of construction paper while continuing，“ The first prize is ten dollars. You just have to make sure that the words on the blackboard appear somewhere on your poster.”
We studied the board critically. Some of us looked with one eye and held up certain colors against the blackboard, rocking the sheets to the right or left while we conjured up
our designs. Others twisted their hair around their fingers or chewed their erasers while deep in thought. We had plans for that ten-dollar grand prize, each and every one of us. I’m going to spend mine on candies, one hopeful would announce, while another practiced looking serious, wise and rich.
Everyone in the class made a poster. Some of us used parts of those fancy paper napkins, while others used nothing but colored construction paper. Some of us used big designs, and some of us preferred to gather our art tidily down in one corner of our poster and let the space draw the viewer’s attention to it. Some of us would wander past the good students’ desks and then return to our own projects with a growing sense of hopelessness. It was yet another grown-up trick of the sort they seemed especially fond of, making all of us believe we had a fair chance, and then always—always—rewarding the same old winners.
I believe I drew a sa ilboat, but I can’t say that with any certainty. I made it. I admired it.
I determined it to be the very best of all of the posters I had seen，and then I turned it in.
Minutes passed.
No one came along to give me the grand prize, and then someone distracted me, and I probably never would have thought about that poster again.
I was still sitting at my desk, thinking, What poster? when the teacher gave me an envelope with a ten-dollar bill in it and everyone in the class applauded for me.
[语篇解读]本文描述了在五年级美术课的一次海报设计竞赛中，作者出乎意料地取得了第一名的经历。
1. What was the teacher’s requirement for the poster?
A. It must appear in time.
B. It must be done in class.
C. It must be done on a construction sheet.
D. It must include the words on the blackboard.
[解析]事实细节题。从第二段“...make su re that the words on the blackboard appear somewhere on your poster.”可知，老师的要求是黑板上的内容需在海报中出现。
[答案] D
2．The underlined phrase in Paragraph 3 most probably means ________.
A. formed an idea for
B. made an outline for
C. made some space for
D. chose some colors for
[解析]猜测词义题。第三段中conjure up意为“想起；使……呈现于脑际”。从对称的结构“Some...while we conjured up our designs.”与下文的“Others...while deep in thought.”可以猜测出该词词义。
[答案] A
3. After the teacher’s words, all the students in the class________.
A. looked very serious
B. thought they would be rich
C. began to think about their designs
D. began to play games
[解析]事实细节题。第三段生动、形象地描写了同学们思考时的各种动作。
[答案] C
4. After seeing the good students’ designs, some students________.
A. loved their own designs more
B. thought they had a fair chance
C. put their own designs in a corner
D. thought they would not win the prize
[解析]事实细节题。从第四段“...wander past the good students’desks and then return to our own projects with a growing sense of hopelessness.”可知：看到优秀学生作品后，另外一些学生对自己这次的参赛作品信心更加不足了。
[答案] D
5. We can infer from the passage that the author________.
A. enjoyed grown up tricks very much
B. loved poster competitions very much
C. felt surprised to win the competition
D. became wise and rich after the competition
[解析]推理判断题。最后三段描写了作者焦急地等待比赛结果的心情，所以对于不自信的作者来说，这次比赛的结果让他很吃惊。
[答案] C
(第100篇)
Few laws are so effective that you can see results just days after they take effect. But in the nine days since the federal cigarette tax more than doubled—to $1.01 per pack—smokers have jammed telephone “quit lines” across the country seeking to kick the habit.
This is not a surprise to public health advocates. They’ve studied the effect of state tax increases for years, finding that smokers, especially teens, are price sensitive. Nor is it a shock to the industry, which fiercely fights every tax increase.
The only wonder is that so many states insist on closing their ears to the message.
Tobacco taxes improve public health, they raise money and most particularly, the deter people from taking up the habit as teens, which is when nearly all smokers are addicted. Yet the rate of taxation varies widely.
In Manhattan, for instance, which has the highest tax in the nation，a pack of Marlboro Light Kings cost $10.06 at one drugstore Wednesday. In Charleston, S. C. , where the 7 cent a pack tax is the lowest in the nation, the price was $4.78.
The influence is obvious.
In New York, high school smoking hit a new low in the latest surveys — 13. 8%, far below the national average. By comparison,26% of high school students smoke in Kentucky. Other low tax states have similarly depressing teen smoking records.
Hal Rogers, Representative from Kentucky, like those who are against high tobacco taxes, argues that the burden of the tax falls on low-income Americans “who choose to smoke.”
That’s true. But there is more reason in keeping future generations of low-income workers from getting hooked in the first place. As for today’s adults, if the new tax drives them to quit, they will have more to spend on their families, cut their risk of cancer and heart disease and feel better.
[语篇解读]烟草税增加后，取得了立竿见影的效果——许多烟民纷纷戒烟。然而有些地方却对此充耳不闻，中学生吸烟的比例居高不下。本文让我们意识到：从长远看，通过增加烟草税而使人们戒烟是泽被千家万户的大事。
1. The text is mainly about________.
A. the price of cigarettes
B. the rate of teen smoking
C. the effect of tobacco tax increase
D. the differences in tobacco tax rate
[解析]主旨大意题。本文主要谈论的是烟草税增加后取得的明显效果以及给人们带来的益处。A、B、D均为文章的某一方面。
[答案] C
2. What does the author think is a surprise?
A. Teen smokers are price sensitive.
B. Some states still keep the tobacco tax low.
C. Tobacco taxes improve public health.
D. Tobacco industry fiercely fights the tax rise.
[解析]事实细节题。由第三段第一句可知，唯一让人吃惊的是，有些州对此充耳不闻，也就是继续保持低烟草税。
[答案] B
3．The underlined word “deter” in Paragraph 3 most probably means________.
A. discourage
B. remove
C. benefit
D. free
[解析]猜测词义题。由语境可知，烟草税会改善公众的健康，筹集资金，特别是能让青少年放弃吸烟的习惯。
[答案] A
4. Rogers’ attitude towards the low-income smokers might be that of________.
A. tolerance
B. unconcern
C. doubt
D. sympathy
[解析]推理判断题。Roger认为高烟草税是把税收负担加到了低收入的烟民身上，故应该持同情态度。
[答案] D
5. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. The new tax will be beneficial in the long run.
B. Low-income Americans are more likely to fall ill.
C. Future generations will be hooked on smoking.
D. Adults will depend more on their families.
[解析]推理判断题。由全文最后一句可知，增加烟草税促使烟民戒烟，可让他们有更多的时间与家人团聚，减少癌症和心脏病的发病率，从长远看，是一件有益的事情。
[答案] A
高考英语阅读理解训练50篇
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2009年-2018年十年江苏高考英语真题 任务型阅读(含答案)
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高考英语阅读理解专项训练100篇(附答案)
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3．对症下药，各个击破。了解全文的大概意思之后，再把短文的问题简单看一遍，弄懂题意，然后带着问题再去寻读全文。这次阅读过程中要善于抓文章中的关键词句。寻读也就是迅速的查找需要了解的信息，是为某些特定的问题而阅读，因此阅读时要有较强的针对性，对与问题有关的数据，词句等仔细阅读，认真理解，同时结合不同考查内容的题型，采取如下解题对策： （1）事实询问题：这类试题通常是以疑问词what，who，when，where，why，how 等引起的特殊问句，就文章中某一词语、某一句子、某一段落或某一具体细节和事实进行提问。解答此类试题首先要弄清题目和每一个选项的含义，然后按题目要求寻找与之相关的细节，正确估计答案来源，同时注意题目和文章中的暗示作用。特别注意辨别各种信息，确认各种信息。 （2）推理判断题：此题要求我们通过表面文字信息去推测文章隐含的意思，对文章的发展情节及作者的态度、意图等做出合乎逻辑的的推理判断。这种题要求我们在阅读时要抓住文章的主题和细节、从分析文章的结构入手，根据上下文的内在联系，充分挖掘文章的深层含义。对暗含在文章中事件的因果关系，人物的动机，以及作者未言明的倾向、态度、意图、观点进行合乎逻辑的推理、分析和判断。同时善于抓住文中实质性的东西，不要被带假象的表面信息或似是而非的东西所迷惑。并且注意推断作者态度时要力求从作者的态度、观点去思考，切勿想当然，凭个人的观点习惯看法来回答的问题。 （3）数据推算题：此题要求我们就文章提供的数据，以及数据与文章中其他信息的关系做出计算和推断，然后做出选择。这就要求我们解题时，要在理解好题意的前提下去对与数据有关的信息认真分析，若数据信息较多，还要注意弄清数据之间的关系，同时分清有用与无用信息，最终作出正确判断。 （4）主旨大意题：此题用以考查我们对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。在解答此类试题时要注意每段的中心句，抓住每一段的主题句。一般主题句都用来表达一段主旨大意，因此，只要找准每段的主题句，文章的中心思想和文章的最佳标题也就不难确定了。
(英语)高三英语阅读理解解析版汇编
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高考英语阅读理解专项训练及答案及解析
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(英语)高三英语阅读理解专项训练及答案
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高三英语阅读理解(带详解)
I watched from a distance as the homeless man quarreled with those who did not leave money for him – the majority. I walked up to him and right on queue he asked me for a quarter. ―I’ll give you a quarter if you tell me your story.‖ He laughed, ―You’ll give me a quarter for my story?‖ I lay the quarter in front of him and corrected myself –―Nah, here’s the quarter but it would be nice to hear your story.‖ I followed his eyes to the quarter and for a brief moment I saw a glimmer of reflection. I sat down next to him and waited. ―I was in the army,‖ he said. ―I was a sniper(狙击手)and was supposed to shoot down the enemy from the distance.‖ I listened carefully to his grizzly voice as he went deeper into the story. He wore dirty old torn clothes and smelled like a dead rat left in a mouse trap. He told me how he used to hunt with his family and was really good at it. He had his own way of respecting animals by not wasting what he killed for food and not killing more than he needed. When the army came knocking on his door, he felt pride and joined up. All those years of polishing his hunting skills could now serve a larger purpose—to defend us from the bad guys. He set out to fight in Iraq. It wasn’t long before he realized his ideals and expectations were just a shadow of the truth. He became disillusioned with the killings, which he felt were of innocent people. ―I was a sniper but I never really killed anyone,‖ he said. ―One day I had to do it. They asked me to shoot this lady from the distance. I saw kids near that lady and my hands were on the trigger (扳机). Man, I was tearing up ... I couldn’t do it. She wasn’t doing anything to anyone and she was with the kids—I couldn’t see through my tears. It just didn’t make any sense to me.‖ The story goes on as he describes eventually being put into prison for 180 days for refusing to follow orders. He told me how he was black listed so that he couldn’t get a job. All the rights we take for granted were taken away from him. Why? Here was a man who was being punished—and for what? For refusing to kill the lady? For being a hero? ―I have no regrets,‖ the homeless man said. ―I may be homeless now, but I never killed that lady. I never killed anyone in the army. It didn’t feel right. I didn’t go there to do that. I went there to save people.‖ He continued, ―I can live with being homeless—that’s okay. But I wouldn’t be able to live with killing innocent people.‖ On that lonely Friday night, I met a hero. It just never occurred to me that a hero could be a smelly old man left on streets. 1. It can be learned from the passage that the homeless man_______. （） A. never killed animals B. had a strong respect for life C. deserved the punishment he received D. felt guilty about disobeying the order