key words and expressions
Unit 5 Section A
Key Words & Expressions
1. weep [v]
1) cry It's not worth weeping even a single tear over him.
People in the streets wept with joy when the end of the war was announced.
2) (of a wound) produce liquid
The wound is still weeping a lot so you'll have to change once a day.
The cut is no longer weeping and is starting to heal. 伤口不再流脓水，已开始愈合了。
2. package [vt.] make (sth.) into or put (sth.) in a package, e.g. for selling
Their products are always attractively packaged.
The cookies are packaged in paper bags.
[C] box, etc. in which things are packed
She bought a package of cookies.
a package of towels a large package of books open the package
package tour 包办旅行 a package of cigarettes a package of peas [C] an object or group of objects that have been put up together in paper or box包裹
The postman has just sent a package for you.
Cf. package: box, or objects packed together
bunch: a number of things tied together (a bunch of flowers, a bunch of keys, a bunch of grapes/ bananas, a bunch of newspapers, grass growing in bunches丛生的杂草) The boy bought a _________ of cigarettes and left. (package)
Sunny found a _______ of keys outside the door. (bunch)
The girl received a ________ of flower yesterday. (bunch)
The officer received a mysterious ________ yesterday. (package)
3. filter [vt.] pass liquid, light, etc. through a special equipment
The cigarettes are filtered. 这些是过滤嘴香烟。
The best prevention for the disease is to boil or filter water.
[vi.] (of a group) move gradually（人群）逐渐走出（走入）
Around 10 O'clock the crowds started filtering out of the stadium.
[C] 过滤器：I like to experiment with different light filters on my camera.
我喜欢在照相机上用不同的滤光镜做实验。
an oil filter 滤油器filtered cigarettes 过滤嘴香烟, filtered coffee 滤过的咖啡4. harden 1) (cause sb. to) become strong; make sb. less conscious of sth. Rough living in the desert hardened the young men a lot.
As the war progressed, attitudes on both sides hardened. 随着战争的推进，双方的态度都变得强硬了。
2) (cause sth. to) become hard, strong, etc.
The mixture hardens as it cools. The paint takes a few minutes to harden.
5. brand [C] particular make of goods or their trade mark
Which brand of toothpaste do you prefer?
[vt]1. mark sth. with or as if with a brand
The experiences of his unhappy childhood are branded on his memory.
他痛苦的童年经历烙刻在他的记忆中。
The cows were branded with an A in a circle. 那些牛被烙上了加圆圈的A字。[vt.]2. give sb. a bad name加污名于
He was branded as a troublemaker for taking part in the demonstration.
他因参加了那次示威活动而称为闹事分子。
Because of one insignificant offence he was branded a common criminal.
由于一次轻微的过错他蒙受了普通刑事犯的污名。
6. hook [vt.]catch sth. by hook
How many fish did you hook this afternoon? She hooked the shoe out of the water. be hooked on/by get hooked on computer games, be hooked on alcohol
I am afraid Mike was hooked on that charming young lady.
[C] device used for catching or holding things：a fish hook 鱼钩
Hang your shirt on a hook.
7. slim[adj.]1. not fat:She's got a lovely slim figure.
2. not thick：a slim pocket-book
3. (of hope, etc.)very small; slight
They have only a slim chance of winning. slim hopes of success
[vi.] become or try to become thinner by eating less, taking exercises, etc. slimming exercises 减肥运动
--Another piece of cake? --No, thanks. I’m slimming.
8. drag [vi.]1.(slang) smoke 2.move slowly and with effort
She always drags behind. The old man dragged along slowly.
[vt.] pull (sb. / sth.) along with effort and difficulty
We dragged the fallen tree clear of the road. He moved slowly, dragging his tired feet.
[C] person or thing that makes progress difficult累赘
She loves her family, but they're a drag on her career. His brother is a drag to him.
9. starve [v]:
(cause a person or an animal to) suffer seriously or die from hunger
They got lost in the desert and starved to death.
She's starving herself to try to lose weight.
starve of sth. : People in this region are starved of drinking water.
10. poisonous
1. causing death or illness if taken into the body
poisonous gas, deadly poisonous plants
2. full of spite 恶毒的，有恶意的
a woman with a poisonous tongue 口舌恶毒的妇人, a poisonous lie恶毒的谎言
11. swallow
[vt.]1. cause or allow (esp. food or drink) to go down the throat
If you don't chew your food properly, it's difficult to swallow it.
He put a grape into his mouth and swallowed it whole.
2. believe sth. too easily
I found his explanation rather hard to swallow.
He swallowed her story whole. 他对她的故事深信不疑。
[vi.] use the muscles of the throat as if doing this, esp. in fear 做吞咽动作She swallowed as she turned over the examination paper and looked at the first
question.
她翻开试卷看到第一道题时倒抽了一口冷气。
[C] action of swallowing 吞，吞咽He finished off the drink with a swallow.
12. batter: hit sb. / sth. hard and often
He kept battering at the door.
Your car looks rather battered. 你的汽车看起来相当破了。
13. be grateful to sb. for sth. : feeling or showing appreciation for sth. good done to one; be thankful for
I am grateful to you for your help. I'm so grateful for all that you've done.
14. couple with: link or associate sb. / sth. with sb. / sth.
The bad light, coupled with the wet ground, made play very difficult.
The writer wrote with plain words coupled with humor. 那位作家的写作风格于质朴中见默。
15. direct at:
The English program is directed at preschoolers (学龄前儿童),
16. starve of: (cause sb. to) suffer or long for sth. greatly needed or wanted
Industry is being starved of advanced technologies.
People starved of sleep start to lose focus.
17. struggle to do sth.
The baby struggled to get free from its mother when they came into the zoo.
Key expressions in paragraphs:
Para 1 1. pick sth./sb. up (L3)
①take hold of and lift
I picked up the telephone and dialed/ rang her number.
②learn sth. without formal lessons
Joe picked up a lot of Italian by watching soap-operas on TV.
③collect sb., in a car, etc.
We’ve ordered a taxi to pick us up at ten.
2. (L 5) I do weep a little: “do” is used in this affirmative sentence for contrastive emphasis. 1) I don’t have much contact with my family. I do see my mother sometimes, though.
2) --- Did you really lock the door before we left?
--- I know I am forgetful, but I ______ (did remember) locking the door before we left. Para. 2 manufacturer n. (L10) a person or firm that produces goods
a car/computer manufacturer, an electronics manufacturer
Haier is an enterprise that manufactures high-quality household appliance. manufacture v. make sth. in large quantities using machines
Para. 3 win over (L.20): 说服，征得某人认可
刚开始我对这项计划表示怀疑，但是很快我就被这份详细的报告说服。
At first I am skeptical about the plan but soon I was won over by the detailed report. Para.5 1. … his lung illnesses had left him low. (L 32)
Meaning: … his lung illnesses made him very weak.
I doubt he had much lung left at all, … (L 32)
Meaning: I do not think that most of his lungs functioned well …
Ask students to have a try:
这种慢性病使得他身体非常虚弱。The chronological illness left him low.
2. be always doing: something happens again and again in an annoying way(L 33)
The boy is always asking for money.
Why are you always biting your nails?
Notice that here use “always” with a verb in the progressive tense.
My grandfather is always forgetting things.
3. reunion (L 34)
union the act of joining or state of being joined
reunion meeting of friends etc after separation
unification unifying or being unified
reunification a number of things tied together
They are working for the ___________ of Europe. (unification)
In ________ there is strength. (union)
I met Carol at a family ________ at Christmas. (reunion)
Everyone is longing for the day of ____________ with Taiwan. (reunification) Para. 6 1. … as in American inner cities and on reservations (L41)
inner city: the area in or near the center of a large city where people live and where there are often social and economic problems like a high (usu. poor)
population, violence, old buildings in bad condition, etc. For example:
The government plans to improve the lives of the poor in the inner cities.
政府计划改善旧城区穷人的生活状况。
reservation: n. [C] an area of land in the USA set apart by the federal government for the use of a Native American people American Indians living on
reservations.
2. make (Line 46): serve or function as …
e.g. Their success makes a good ending to the book.
Cold tea makes a good drink in summer. 凉茶在夏季是理想的饮料。
Try: 这个大厅能成为绝好的剧院。 This hall would make an excellent theatre. Para. 8: “Every home is a no smoking zone.”(L54)
Meaning: “Every home is a place where smoking is not allowed.”
zone n. [C] an area marked off from others by particular qualities or activities
e.g. a war zone; a smokeless zone; an economic development zone
San Francisco is in an earthquake zone(地震带).
●Expressions & Patterns
1.（L 1）her feet on the bench in front of her: The expression describes the behavior or
a little, minor event which goes together with the major event in the clause.
e.g. The man sat in the front row, his hands on the table.
Ask students to have a try: 他倒在地上，血从鼻子里流了出来。
He fell to the ground, blood streaming from his nose.
2. prep. + which
Tyson stole his neighbor’s car, for which he was put into prison.
泰森偷了邻居的车，为此被送进了监狱。
Try: 1) 这位英雄救了这个小孩，他的母亲为此非常感激。
The hero saved the child’s life, for which the mother was grateful.
2) 他在学校成绩突出，为此在毕业时被选送出国深造。
He had an excellent academic performance at school, for which he was sent abroad for further education when he graduated.
3) Living in the central Australian desert has its problems, obtaining water is not the least.
A. for which
B. to which
C. of which
D. in which
4) The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds _____ his arguments in favor of the new theory.
A. to be based on
B. to base on
C. which to base on
D. on which to base Unit7
1. overwhelm：vt.
①cover (sth. / sb.) completely, cause to feel a sudden strong feeling
He was overwhelmed with joy at the news that his son won the champion.
be overwhelmed with joy 欣喜若狂be overwhelmed with grief 悲痛欲绝
②defeat, overpower
Our table tennis players overwhelmed the players from Europe.
我们的乒乓球运动员击败了欧洲队员。
2. excess \
①adj. additional and not wanted
The fat man went on a diet to get rid of his excess weight.
②n. an amount that is more than enough
Luggage in excess of 100kg will be charged extra. 超过一百公斤的行李要额外收费。access n. entering or approaching, way in excel v. be very good at sth. exceed v. be greater than, go beyond excessive : a. too great in amount or in degree
3. attribute … to …
①caused or produced by sb. / sth.
他们把成功归因于老师的鼓励。
They attributed their success to their teacher’s encouragement.
②regard sth. as belonging to认为某作品出自某人之手，认为某事〔物〕属于某人〔物〕This comedy has been attributed to Shakespeare.
4. exterior n. the appearance or outside surface of sth.
你不能以貌取人。You must not judge people by their exteriors.
Synonym and antonyms:
outside----inside; exterior----interior; outer----inner; external----internal;
More words with “-ior”?interior, prior, superior, inferior, junior, senior
5. stir
vt.①move a liquid around with a spoon or stick in order to mix it together.
②make sb have a strong feeling or reaction; excite
Use a spoon to stir; Stir sugar into the tea. 把茶中的糖搅匀。
The story stirred the boy’s imagination. The news stirred the anger of the people. These words could not stir him to take action.
n.①action of stirring; ②great excitement, shock or anger among people
Give the soup a stir.
The news of the terrorist attacks in New York caused quite a stir in the whole world.
禽流感在一些国家引起恐慌。Bird flu has caused a stir in some countries.
6. recommend vt.suggest, advise
The doctor recommended that she (should) stop smoking as soon as possible.
I wouldn’t recommend reading in this light; it may affect your eyes.
The doctor recommended a change of climate for her health.
recommend + that … (should) verb --------that clause with “should” ommited
doing
n.
7. substitute
①v. replace (with)
我们这把破损的椅子得换个新的。We must substitute a new chair for the broken one.
你代我去开会好吗？Can you substitute for me at the meeting?
②n. a person or thing acting or used in place of another
When do you have a substitute teacher?
Can telephone be substituted for e-mail as a way of communication?
8. -tempered a. having the specified type of temper
even/mild/sweet–tempered 性情平和/温和/温柔的
hot/quick/short–tempered 脾气急噪的moody –tempered 喜怒无常的
good–tempered 好脾气的bad/ill–tempered 坏脾气的
word-formation: adj + n.-ed.More examples:
kind-hearted, open-minded, half-hearted 半心半意的, well-mannered
9. cut down:reduce, make less in number or amount
如果不能完全戒烟，至少要少抽点。
If you can’t give up smoking completely, at least try to cut down.
A. take a short cut across cut across
B. omit cut out
C. s top while in conversation cut off
D. r emove or shaping by cutting cut away
E. reduce the length of sth. cut down
F. return quickly cut back
Fill in the blanks with “cut” phrases
1.He ________ through the woods to where he had been standing before. (cut back)
2.You’d better _________ the last paragraph of your article in order to make it short. (cut out)
3.The operator ____ me ____ before I had a chance to talk to him. (cut off)
4.We may as well __________ the playground. We have kept him waiting for half an hour. (cut across)
10. troublesome adj. causing trouble/anxiety/pain
n. + some = a. liking to/causing or producing
quarrelsome 好争吵的; burdensome 成为负担的
tiresome烦人的; lonesome 孤单的
B. Phrases
1.out of control: The airplane went out of control and crashed.
beyond control: He lost position through situations beyond his control.
under control:It took the teacher months to bring his class under control.
2. take charge of: take control of ( a situation, organization, or a group of people) Please take charge of my dog while I’m away.
He will take charge of the family during my time away.
3.among other things: used to say that you are only mentioning one or two things out of
a much larger group
At the meeting they discussed, among other things, recent events in Eastern Europe. 4.together with: along with, as well as, accompanied by
Use the shampoo together with our special conditioner for best results.
They, together with my father, have gone to Washington. (就远原则)
5. blow their tops: explode with anger, lose one’s temper
When he told her how much it cost, she blew her top.
My mother blew her top when she saw my school report.
6. blow apart: break by an explosion; explode His car had been blown apart.
7. cut down: reduce, make less in number or amount
Your article is too long. Please cut it down to 1,000 words.
If you can’t give up smoking completely, at least try to cut down.
English Equivalents of Chinese
1. 减轻负担to lighten one’s load
2. 感到受不了to feel overwhelmed
3. 对自己负责to take charge of oneself
4. 心脏病发作to suffer a heart attack
5. 本质上, 内在地on the interior
6. 痛苦的根源the root of pain
7. 压力的预测指标the predictor of stress 8. 缺乏控制力lack of control
9. 生闷气to stir the anger within sb. 10. 没有安全的发泄渠道with no safety outlet 11. 因······而跨下来to blow apart with sth. 12. 平静下来to calm down
13. 经济上独立to be financially independent14. 思维上活跃to be stimulated intellectually 15. 保持性情平和to remain even-tempered 16. 列出事物的清单to make a list of things 17. 不擅长此道not to be good at that way 18. 记住to keep sth. in mind
19. 根据······的观点rom one’s viewpoint20. 无法控制某事to have no control over sth.
21. 快速地失去控制to spin out of control 22. 有求必应；八面玲珑to be all things to all people 23. 看重/强调······to give emphasis to …
24. 确定优先做的事情to set one’s priorities25. 随波逐流to flow with sth.
C. Sentence S tructure
1.S o s a y s D r.R o b e r t S.E l i o t,a u t h o r o f a n e w b o o k t i t l e d F r o m S t r e s s t o S t r e n g t h.(P a r a.3)
object/predictive + does/is + subject
I t’s a n i n v e r t e d s e n t e n c e.T h e n o r m a l o r d e r i s:D r.R o b e r t S.E l i o t,a u t h o r o f a n e w b o o k t i t l e d F r o m S t r e s s t o S t r e n g t,s a y s s o.“S o”r e f e r s t o w h a t i s t a l k e d a b o u t i n P a r a g r a p h2.
Reasons for the inverted order: 1) the subject of the sentence is too long; 2) the subject bears the new information of the whole sentence. To keep the sentence in balance and also to achieve end-focus and end-weigh, he word “so” is put at the very beginning
and the verb comes before the subject.
end-focus: leave the new information toward the end of the sentence;
end-weight: leave the complex structure toward the end of the sentence.
2. On the exterior, he was cool, calm and collected, but on the interior, stress was killing him. (P a r a.6) （表述“某人外在与内在的反差”）
e.g. 1) 她表面上很多情，但在内心深处情有独钟。
be full of affection for many / have special love for only one person
On the exterior, she is full of affection for many, but on the interior, she has special love for only one person.
2) On the exterior，the company runs smoothly, but on the interior, it has run into difficulties. 表面上看，公司运营不错，但是实际上已经陷入困境。
3. give the same emphasis to…that(P a r a.10)
And they give the same emphasis to a traffic jam that they give a family argument. (L.60) “That” in the sentence pattern actually introduces an attributive clause defining “the same emphasis”.
4. “What happens is that the hotter people get, physiologically, with mental stress, the more likely they are to blow apart with some heart problem.” (P a r a.11)
e.g. 当你刻意要忘掉某事时，就会发生这样的情形—你越想从你记忆中抹掉它，你就越难做到。
take great pains to do sth. / be anxious to do sth. / erase sth. from one’s memory
When you take great pains to forget something, what will happen is that the more anxious you are to erase it from your memory, the harde r it is to make it.
Unit8
Key Words and Phrases
1. If only (p2)
1) used to express a wish that past events had been different
If only I had gone by taxi. If only he’d remembered to bring her here.
2)used to express a wish or a desire, esp. one that cannot be fulfilled
If only she would marry me!
2. If it… won’t compute:
if it…can’t be counted in terms of money.(here the verb “compute” is used in notional passive, that is, it is active in form but passive in meaning.)
The book translates well. This material washes easily.
The clock winds at the back. 这只钟在背面上弦。
3. …objective (p5)
n. purpose, aim
His sole objective is to win a gold medal at the Olympic Games.
All our main objectives have been achieved.
a. impartial (antonym: subjective)
I firmly believe that any report should be as objective as possible.
4. W ell off: in a good position, esp. financially
Only those who are well off can afford this house.这房子只有有钱人才买得起。
5. at a low (p6) At a low: at a low level or figure
Share prices have been at an all-time low.股票价格指数已经跌到历史最低点。
The economy has been at a bit of a low.经济情况不太好。
6. Along with: together with
Jack escaped from the prison along with two other prisoners.
Many fresh vegetables are on sale along with some canned food.
7. as well as : in addition to
He was appointed general manager for his rich experience as well as excellent educational background.
He gave the poor woman a temporary job as well as some money.
8. Specialization:
n. specializing; limiting all or most of your study or work to one subject or activity
There is too much specialization of subjects too early in our school.我们学校分科太细太早。The lawyer said that he was unable to help us because our case fell outside his specialization.
律师说没有办法帮助我们，因为我们的案子超出了他的专业范围。
Specialize: vi, limit all or most of your study or work to one subject or activity.
Professor Smith specializes in the early history of Europe.
9. Be meant to: be supposed to
Y ou are meant to take off your shoes before you enter a temple in India.
We are meant to fill in a tax form and pay income tax every year.
10. Confine: n. limit or borders
Within the confines of campus life在校园生活的范围内
Beyond the confines of human knowledge超出人类知识的范围
11. render give, offer (help, assistance, service, etc)
The staff rendered first-class service and all the guests were quite satisfied.
Y ou have earned a reward for the help you have rendered.
2)cause sb./ sth. To be in a particular state.
His fatness renders him unable to touch his toes.他身体肥胖，无法用手触及脚趾。
His rudeness rendered me speechless.他的粗鲁使我讲不出话来。
12. Dawn: vi, grow clear in one’s mind
The truth began to dawn upon the poor man.这个可怜的人慢慢明白了真相。
It had just dawned on him that he had been fooled by the woman.他才意识到自己被这个女人愚弄了。
13. institution (p13)
1) (building of an) organization, (sometimes) an organization for helping people with special needs.
Now he is living in an institution.现在他住在一所福利院里。
The Royal institution is an organization for scientists in England.皇家学会使英国科学家的团体。
2) a custom, system or organization that has existed for a long time and is accepted as an
important part of a particular society.
The institution of marriage is still popular despite the high divorce rate.婚姻制度
Eastern European countries are eager to copy the financial institutions of the west.财政制度
14. Preferably: ad. Desirably above anything else
Doing some exercise, preferably in the fresh air, will surely be good for your health.
I can meet you at any time tomorrow, but preferably not before 11 o’clock in the morning. Preferable: a, more desirable
A day with friends is always preferable to staying at home alone and doing nothing.
A house with a garden in an area outside the city is preferable to an apartment downtown.
15. weekly (p15)
1) ad. Once a week or every week
The group meets weekly. This is a magazine published weekly since 2, January, 1909.
2) a. happening once a week or every week
We go and do the weekly shopping every Saturday.
Each course is made up of 10---12 informal weekly meetings.
3) n. a newspaper or magazine which is published once every week
Two of the four national daily papers are to become weeklies.
Sentence patterns
I. Expressions and patterns
1. 回忆/想起惋惜之情to recall the regret
2. 毫无价值to hold little value
3. 富有to be well off
4. 处于低潮to be at a low
5. 迅速上升/增加to be way up
6. 一想到······就不寒而栗to tremble to think
7. 得出结论to arrive at a conclusion 8. 应该做某事to be meant to do sth.
9. 深刻领悟到···to have the insight that…10. 对···有透彻的理解to have a perspective on sth. 11. 在···的限制之外beyond the confines of 12. 为···服务/效劳 to render service to sb. 13. 为······扫清障碍to prepare the way for 14. 超越······，远离······far removed from
15. 看到事物之间的联系to see the connections between things
16. 超越眼前的需求to see beyond one’s immediate needs
17. 使某人破产/倒闭to drive sb. out of business 18. 从长远的观点看in the long run
19. 明辨是非to distinguish right from wrong
20. 把才能/天赋投入到···to give one’s ability or genius to sth.
21. 满足某人对···的渴求to answer one’s cries for sth.
II. Sentences patterns
1. It has often / always been remarked (said) that the saddest (the most pleasing) thing about sth. is that… (L1) 人们常常说：对于某事而言，最令人悲伤/ 高兴的事情莫过于······It has often been remarked that the most romantic thing about marriage is that it is made up of two people who remain faithful to each other.人们常常说：对于婚姻而言，最浪漫的事情莫过于它是由两个相互忠贞不渝的人组成。
2. According to the survey based on responses from…, sb. / sth. is more…than at any time in… (L 8) 根据以······的答卷为基础的调查，某人/某事比······任何时候都更······According to the survey based on responses from 10,000 teenagers, today’s children are more
mature in mental, physical and psychological development than at any time in history.根据以10,000名青少年的答卷为基础的调查，今天的孩子在智力、体力和心理上比历史上任何时候都更成熟。
3. Interest in… ( Enthusiasm for… / Quest for… / Commitment to…) is at a low, along with… On the other hand, enrollment in… ( passion for… / pursuit of… / competition for…) is way up. 如今人们对······、还有······的兴趣(热情/追求/信奉)都处于低潮。另一方面，攻读······的人数(对·······的激情/追求/竞争)却在迅速增加。
With the economical development of the whole society, quest for ease and comfort is at a low, along with the pursuit of money. On the other hand, quest for knowledge, truth and moral conduct is way up. 随着整个社会经济的发展，人们对安逸和金钱的追求正成为次要，另一方面，对知识、真理和品行的追求都在变得愈加强烈。
4. While it is true (that) sb. / sth. need…, it is equally true that sb. / sth.… And sb. / sth. is more… for… More importantly, perhaps,…虽然某人/某事确实需要······，但同样确实的是······。而且正是因为······某人/某事才会更······。也许更重要的是，······
While it is true our life needs to be improved, it is equally true that our nation needs to make rapid advance. And we are better off for the rise of our nation in the world. More importantly, perhaps, the development of education and science can turn both of our dreams into reality.虽然我们的生活确实需要改善，但同样确实的是我们的民族需要腾飞。而且正是因为我们民族的腾飞我们才会更加富裕。也许更重要的是，发展教育与科学可以使我们的双梦成真。
Unit9
Key Words and Phrases
1. equivalent a. of the same value, importance, etc. as sth. else
His behavior is equivalent to cheating. 他的行为相当于欺骗。
同根词: equal 相等的+ value 价值+ -ent = equivalent equality 相等，平等
2. utter vt. say sth. He didn’t utter a word all night.他整晚没吭声。
a. complete; absolute 完全不认识的人an utter stranger 断然拒绝an utter refusal
我完全不知道该怎样做才好. I was at an utter loss what to do
3 ambitious adj. having a great desire to be successful, powerful or wealthy
他立志毕业后要开办自己的公司. He is ambitious to run his own company after graduation.
4. advanced a dj. at a higher level
advanced mathematics / studies / technology / disease
5. sympathize vi. feel sorry for sb.
I sympathize with you; I have had a similar unhappy experience myself.
我很同情你，我自己也有过类似的不幸遭遇。
同根词: sympathy 同情sympathetic 同情的
6. correspond (15)
v.①(to, with) be the same as sth. else, or very much like it
Their expenses don’t correspond to their income. 他们入不敷出。
What she said doesn’t correspond with the facts. 她的话与实情不符。
②(with) write letters to sb. and receive letters from them
在见面之前他们已通信两年了。
They have corresponded with each other for two years before they meet.
同根词:correspondence correspondent corresponding
respond response responsible responsibility
7. keen adj. ①eager or wanting to do sth. very much
许多父母亲热衷于把他们的孩子送往最好的学校。
Many parents are keen to send their children to the best schools.
be keen on 热心······的；对······有兴趣
Q: What are you keen on in your spare time?
A: I am keen on sailing; bridge cards; network games; chat online; rock climbing …
②very strong
Keen north wind / brains / competition / interest
刺骨的北风/ 头脑敏锐/ 激烈的竞争/ 兴趣浓厚
8. thrill vt. make sb. feel excited and happy
这位旅行者的经历使我们惊骇不已。The traveler thrilled us with his stories.
当那位英俊的电影明星出场时，她欣喜若狂。She was thrilled when the handsome film star appeared.
9. in (the) face of when facing sth., esp. sth. unpleasant or difficult
我在很多观众面前不敢唱歌。I dare not sing in (the) face of a large audience.
10. watch out (for) be careful
医生告诉她当心麻疹的病症。The doctor told her to watch out for symptoms of measles.
11. out of touch no longer have information about sth.
如果我们经常通信，就不会失去联系。
If we correspond regularly, we shan’t be out of touch with each other.
Sentence patterns
I. Expressions and patterns
1. 面对in (the) face of
2. 温柔的为母之道a tender approach to parenting
3. 从床上爬起来pull oneself from bed
4. 要抚养三个孩子have 3 children to care for
5. 留下的只有懊悔be left with nothing but regret
6. 寄居于朋友家里take shelter with one’s friend
7. 某事上自我欺骗deceive oneself about sth.
8. 鼓舞某人做某事push sb. toward doing sth.
9. 看他有艺术天赋dentification of his gift for art 10. 以其发展为中心revolve around developing it 11. 为某人订阅报纸sign sb. up for newspapers 12. 警察腐败的报道accounts of police corruption 13. 并不认同refuse to sympathize 14. 被委派做此事be given an assignment to do it
15. 为他设定人生路set the life course for him 16. 与某事不相称not correspond to sth.
17. 以他看微不足道seem marginal in his eyes 18. 不让步not make any concession
19. 向人证明其价值prove one’s worth to people 20. 一劳永逸once and for all
II. Sentences patterns
1. 用于记述“某人难以忘怀的事件／某人及与此相关的情况”。
Thou gh …, sth. / sb. be as clear / fresh / deep / … in one’s head / mind as when … 尽管······，但某事／某人在某人的脑海中／心里依然如此清晰／深刻，就如同······的时候一样。(L3-5)
Though the Sept. 11 is a thing of the past, its impact is as fresh in the victims’ heads as when it was first felt.尽管911事件已成为过去，但它的冲击在幸存者的脑海里依然如此清晰，就如同起初感受到的那样。
2. 用于强调“某人对某事的看法”。
If there be anything one appreciates / can’t stand, it is … 要是有什么某人欣赏的／不能忍受的话，那就是······(L14-15)
If there is anything I can’t stand, it is the trick of complying in public but opposing in private.
如果有什么我不能忍受的东西，那就是阳奉阴违的伎俩。
3. 用于表述“某人尽管对某事非常渴望，但仍很理性地去做自己该做的”。
Sb., though hopeful that …, does not deceive himself about sth., and so… 虽然某人期望······，但他很清楚某事，在这一点上，从不欺骗自己。因此······(L32-36)
My desk-mate, though hopeful that he can make a name overnight for himself, never deceives himself about his ability, and so he often pushes himself toward doing what he will achieve through great effort.
我同桌，虽渴望能一夜成名，但对其能力从不欺骗自己。因此，他常鼓励自己去做经过努力能成就的事情。
4. 用于表述“某人为证明自己的主张而惯用的典型例证”。
Sb. often use sth. / sb. as an exa mple of how / what … without / despite … 某人常以某事／某人为例，说明······，即使／尽管······(L42-45)
My father often uses our neighbor’s son as an example of what a tragic end the puppy love has come to despite his excellence in school work.
我父亲常以邻居儿子为例，说明早恋的结局有多惨，即使他功课很优秀。
5. 用于表述“某人对某事后果的设想与感受”。
What a thrill / pity / sorrow, sb. think, if …thus / thereby … 某人想，要是······，该是件多么令人兴奋／不幸／悲伤的事情啊，那样的话······(L110-113)
What a sorrow, I often think, if I fail to make anything of myself in college thus feeling ashamed to go back to my parents！
我常想，要是在大学里学无所成，该是件多么令人悲伤的事情啊，那样就无颜去见爹娘了。