2012版深圳牛津英语七年级上册期末复习资料-Unit 2 Daily life-短语和语法

2012版深圳牛津英语七年级上册期末复习资料-Unit 2 Daily life-短语和语法
2012版深圳牛津英语七年级上册期末复习资料-Unit 2 Daily life-短语和语法

Unit 2 Daily life

Ⅰ. 短语(词组)

1.Which of these things do you do once or twice a week?

助动词do/does/did后面要跟动词原形;

once a week, twice a week, three(four/ five…)times a week

2.brush one’s teeth刷牙; watch television= watch TV看电视; play table tennis打

乒乓球;

ride a bicycle骑单车; play the piano弹钢琴; wash my clothes= do some washing洗衣服

3.on page 17:在17页

在具体体一天用on;

在具体几点钟用at;

在一段时间(如上/下午、星期、月份、季节、年),则用in

on Monday; at 4 o’clock; in the morning; in summer;

4.at school 在上学at the school在学校(可能是老师或家长)

5.junior high school 初中senior high school 高中primary school 小学

6.be late for school 上学迟到

7.enjoy doing sth= like/love doing sth. very much 喜欢做某事

8.learn about:获悉;了解

9.have one’s morning break: 上午休息时间have a break 课间休息have a rest 休息

一会

10.When the bell rings, I run to the playground with my best friends Tom and Jack..

when:当……的时候此处连接两个先后发生的动作;也可表示两个动作同时发生,则:“过去进行时+ when+ 一般过去时”;另外, when也可对时间提问,“何时”

run to…with sb. 和某人一起跑到……my best friends: 我最好的朋友们

11.Break ends at 10:10. How Short it is!

end at: ……时间结束

how+ adj. (+主+谓) = what+ (a/an) + adj.+ n. (+主+谓) how 主要修饰形容词和副词,what修饰名词。How short it is! = What short time it is!

12.from…to…从……到……from Monday to Friday

13.take part in:参加,指参加会议或群众性活动等,着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活

动中发挥作

用;

join指加入某个党派,团体组织等,成为其成员之一,意为:“参军、入团、入党”等;

和某人一道做某事,其结构为:join sb. in (doing) sth.,根据上下文,in (doing) sth. 也可以省去

(join in多指参加小规模的活动如“球赛、游戏”等,常用于日常口语);

attend是正式用语,指参加会议、婚礼、典礼;听报告、讲座等。

14.make/ have/ let sb. do sth. 使某人做某事

15.have a good time = enjoy oneself= have fun 玩得开心at school 在学校

Ⅱ. 语法:一般现在时

一、一般现在时的功能

1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。

2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。

3.表示客观现实和普遍真理。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。

补充:4.在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来。如:

If you come this afternoon, we’ll have a party. 如果你今天下午来,我们就举行一个宴会。

5. 一般现在时还可以表示一个按规定、计划或安排将要发生的情况(这时都有一个表示未来时间的状语)。但仅限于少数动词。如: begin, come, leave, go, arrive, start, return, stop, close等。如:The meeting begins at seven. 7点开会。

二、一般现在时常用下列副词或副词短语来作时间状语:

always, usually, often, sometimes , seldom, hardly, never, every day(week, year, night), on Sundays, on Monday, in the evening, once/ twice/ three times a month

例句: I often visit my teachers. 我经常看望我的老师。

例句: They do morning exercises every day. 他们每天做早操。

①其中根据频率的“密疏”,频率副词的排列顺序是:always, usually, often, sometimes , seldom, hardly, never

②频率副词通常放在行为动词之前,be动词、助动词和情态动词之后;而副词短语经常位于句末或句首。例如:

I often get up early. 我经常起得早。

He is always kind to others. 他总是对别人很好。

I walk to school every day. 我每天步行去上学。

③对频率副词提问时,用how often.

--How often do you go to see your grandparents? --Once a week.

区分:sometime, some time, sometimes, some times

sometime指将来或过去的“某个时候”,指时间点;some time“一些时间,相当长的时间”,指时间段;sometimes“有时”,是频率副词;some time“几次,几倍”,time作可数名词,意为“次数,倍数”

every day表示“每天,天天”,是副词短语;而everyday表示“日常的”,是形容词,强调平常与普通。English is widely used in everyday life.英语在日常生活中广泛使用。

三、一般现在时的构成

1. be动词:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如:I am a boy.我是一个男孩。

2.行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如:We study English.我们学习英语。

当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数,即要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。

四、一般现在时的变化

1. be动词的变化。

①否定句:主语+ be + not +其它。如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。

②一般疑问句:Be +主语+其它。如:-Are you a student? -Y es. I am. / No, I'm not.

③特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:Where is my bike?

2.行为动词的变化。

①否定句:主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如:I don't like bread.

当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否定句。如:He doesn't often play.

②一般疑问句:Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如:

- Do you often play football? - Y es, I do. / No, I don't.

当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。如:

- Does she go to work by bike? - Y es, she does. / No, she doesn't.

③特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:How does your father go to work?

五、动词碰到第三人称单数时,要进行相应的变化:

动词+s的变化规则

1. 一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks work - works

2. 以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes

3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies carry - carries

4. have – has;be – is

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