book 5 unit 2 知识点

第二单元的知识点:

1. unite vi. & vt. 联合；团结

adj. united一致的，统一的；团结的，和睦的

adv. unitedly团结一致地；联合在一起地

n. unity团结；一致；联合；个体

v. uniting使团结；使联合；使结婚（unite的现在分词）Care must be taken to unite with all those that can be united with.必须注意团结一切可以团结的人。

2. consist of = be made up of consist of 无被动和进行时态由…组成

consist of由…构成

consist in在于；存在于

consist with符合；与…一致

What will life consist of on other planets?

在其他的星球上，生命将由何组成？

They always consist of a single, inlined region.

它们始终有单一的、内联的区域组成。

3. devide:①v.（常与in, into连用）分开；划分

The Nile divides near its mouth and forms a delta.

尼罗河在靠近河口的地方分开，形成一个三角洲。

Let’s divide ourselves into several groups.

我们分成几个小组吧。

②v.（常与out连用）分；分食

Children, divide the cake up between / among you.

孩子们，你们把这个蛋糕分了吃吧。

③v. 除

15 divided by3 is 5. 3除15等于5。

Three will not divide into eleven. 3除不尽11。

[归纳发展]

辨析：divide与separate

separate意指为相隔的和保持相隔的；(把联合在一起或靠近的人或物分离出来）

divide暗示通过或好像通过切开、劈开或分割形成几部分、几份额或几份；这个词经常用来指分离成相对的或敌对的组。（把整体分为若干部分）

The child’s parents have separated.

这个孩子的父母已经分居了。

We divided the orange into segments.

我们将橘子分成几瓣。

be divided into 被分为……

be separated from 与……分隔

4.clarify ['kl?r?fa?]v.澄清

Adj. clarified澄清的；透明的

n. clarity清楚，明晰；透明

clarification澄清，说明；净化

v. clarified阐明（clarify的过去分词形式）；澄清

He issued a statement to clarify the situation.

他发表了一项声明以澄清形势。

5.accomplish [?'kɑmpl??]v.完成

adj. accomplished完成的；熟练的，有技巧的；有修养

的；有学问的accomplishable可完成的；可达成的n. accomplishment成就；完成；技艺，技能

accomplish nothing一事无成；一无所成

It'll require indomitable will to accomplish the task.

完成这项工作需要百折不回的毅力。

6. conflict['kɑnfl?kt] n.矛盾

adj. conflicting冲突的；相矛盾的；不一致的

v. conflicting冲突；争执（conflict的ing形式）

in conflict with和…冲突

conflict with冲突；与…抵触

in conflict有矛盾；不一致

conflict of interest利益冲突；公职人员对公众义务与其本身利益相冲突

conflict resolution冲突解决；冲突消除

The hours of those two exams conflict.

那两门测验的钟点互有抵触。

7.unwilling [?n'w?l??]ad j.不愿意（的）

adv. unwillingly不情愿地；勉强地

n. unwillingness不愿意；不情愿

To judge by the paper, the administration is unwilling even to think about this.

根据这份报告判断，本届政府对这个问题连想都不愿意想。

8. break away (from)

[要点提示]

①从……逃脱，挣脱；逃离

The prisoner broke away from the two policemen who were holding him.

犯人从两名警察的看护中逃了出去。

②摆脱；放弃；脱离（团体、组织等）

an innovative musician who broke away from the classical tradition.

一位摆脱古典传统的革新派音乐家。

[归纳拓展]

break down 分解；（机器）坏掉，发生故障；（健康）垮掉

break away from 从……摆脱，逃脱

break into 强行闯入

break up 解散，终止，结束

break in 插嘴

break out 发生，爆发（不及物）

break through 突破，突围

单项选择

①News reports say peace talks between the two countries

______ with no agreement reached.

A. have broken down

B. have broken out

C. have broken in

D. have broken up

副词填空

②The war broke ______ in 1942.

③When I was reading at home, he broke _______.

1

④His car broke _________ on the road.

⑤The sough broke ________ from the north.

9. union ['jun??n]n.联合

student union学生会；大学的学生活动大楼

Some of the union members did not want to picket.

工会的一些会员不想担任罢工纠察员。

10. credit ['kr?d?t]n.信任

credit card信用卡；记帐卡

letter of credit n. [商]（银行发行的）信用证

credit system信用制度；信贷制度；赊购或赊销制度credit risk信用风险；信贷风险；信用危机

on credit赊帐

I didn't credit that absurd tale.

我不相信那个荒谬绝伦的故事

to one's credit为……带来荣誉

11. currency['k??nsi] n.货币

foreign currency n. 外币

reserve currency储备货币

currency exchange货币兑换；外汇兑换

single currency单一货币；统一货币

local currency n. 本国货币

This currency exchanges at par.

这些货币平价兑换。

The currency has devalued at a rapid rate.

货币已以很快的速度贬值了。

Y ou can change your sterling into the local currency at the airport.

你可以在机场把你的英镑兑换成当地的货币。

https://www.360docs.net/doc/8111686919.html,cation [edj?'ke??(?)n]adj.教育的

higher education高等教育（指含大学以上的教育）vocational education职业教育

physical education n. 体育课；体育教育

词根：educate

adj. educational教育的；有教育意义的

educated受过教育的；有教养的

educative教育的，教育上的

adv. educationally教育上地

He received part of his education in England.

他有一部分教育是在英国接受的。

13.convenience[k?n'vin??ns] n.便利

adj. convenient方便的

adv. conveniently便利地；合宜地

convenient time / moment

convenient for sb.

Is three o’clock ~ for you?

I’m afraid this isn’t a very ~ time ---could you call back later?

for convenience 为了方便起见

We must consult his convenience.

我们必须考虑到他的方便

14.rough[r?f] adj.粗糙的

in rough作为草稿；在草稿纸上

in the rough未完成的；未加工的；大致上

rough surface粗糙表面

rough and tumble争夺；乱作一团

rough machining粗加工

15.roughly adv.粗略地

adj. roughish略粗糙的；略粗暴的；有点刺耳的；略有风浪的

adv. roughly粗糙地；概略地

n. roughness粗糙（度）；粗暴；猛烈；篷乱毛发；未加工

16.nationwide [,ne?n'wa?d]adj.全国性的

But a nationwide survey recently found that some people think too much about life.

但最近一个全国性的调查发现，一些人对生活思考太多。

17.attract [?'tr?kt]v.吸引

attract foreign investment吸引外商投资；对外招商

attract investment招商，招商引资

词根：attract

adj. attractive吸引人的；有魅力的；引人注目的

attractable可被吸引的

adv. attractively迷人地；有吸引力地；动人地

n. attraction吸引，吸引力；引力；吸引人的事物attractiveness吸引力；迷惑力

attractor[自] 吸引子；引起注意的人

It is a property of matter to attract.

物质具有吸引力的性质。

18.historical [h?'st?r?kl]adj.历史（上）的

historical development历史发展；[心理]种族发生

historical data史料；历史资料

historical materialism历史唯物主义；历史唯物论

historical records历史记录；历史记载；旧案；汗青

historical sites名胜古迹；历史遗迹

词根：history

adj. historic有历史意义的；历史上著名的

historied有历史的；史上所载的

adv. historically历史上地；从历史观点上说

n. history历史，历史学；历史记录；来历

historian历史学家

We have shared the same historical experiences.

咱们有着共同的历史遭遇。

19.collection [k?'l?k??n]n.收藏品

[要点提示]

①[C] 收藏品，收集物，作品集

I’ll add it to my stamp collection.我会把它加进我所集的邮票中。

Her new book is a collection of short stories. 她的新书是一部短篇小说集。

②[U] 收集，收取，领取

2

The local council is responsible for the collection of domestic waste.

地方市政负责收集居民垃圾的事务。

③[C] 募捐，捐款

His workmates held / made a collection for his leaving party. 他的工友为他的告别晚会募捐。

[归纳拓展]

collect v. 收集，集中，收藏，募集（捐款等）；collectable adj. 适于收藏的，流行收藏的；n. 收藏品collected adj. 泰然自若的，镇定的

collective adj. 集体的，共同的

collect one’s thoughts 集中思想

collect stamps 集邮

collect for charity 慈善募捐

the collected works 作品集

单项选择

The captain ________ all his soldiers.

A. collected

B. gathered

C. selected

D. elected

20. administration[?d,m?n?'stre??n] n.管理administration of◎(法律、惩罚等的)施行，执行，实行，实施；(药的)服用；用法；给与；(庄严的誓言或诺言的)提出，宣誓◎【法律】遗产管理，由(行政)官员管理遗产business administration企业管理；经营管理

public administration公共行政；公共管理；行政管理general administration总管理处

The enterprise has been put under local administration.

这个企业已划归地方管理。

The administration of city schools was centralized last year. 市立学校从去年开始集中管理。

21.port [p?rt]n.港口

at the port作持枪的姿势

in port在港内

serial port[计]串行端口；序列埠

port city n. 港口城市

port area码头区；港口区；喷口面积

They have bunkered in our port.

他们已在我们港口加了燃料。

Our ship watered at the port.

我们的船在港口加了水。

22.countryside['k?ntr?sa?d] n.乡下

in the countryside在乡村，在农村；在乡下

：country

adj. country乡下的；粗野的

n. country国家；故乡

She bundled him off to the countryside.

她匆匆把他撵到乡下去。

23.enjoyable [?n'd????bl]adj.令人愉快的

词根：enjoy

adv. enjoyably愉快地；有趣地；可享乐地

n. enjoyment享受；乐趣；享有

vt. enjoy欣赏，享受；喜爱；使过得快活

Thank you for one of the most enjoyable visits we have had in many months.

在您处的参观访问，是我们几个月中最愉快的一次。谨向您表示感谢。

24.leave out 遗漏，漏掉，排除

Y ou’ve left out a zero in this phone number.

All the other seemed to know each other and I began to feel left out.

leave sb alone = leave him to himself

leave sth. alone = don’t touch it

leave sth behind 落下，留下

leave word with sb 给某人留下口信

leave sth open/ untidy/ on/ off…

25.opportunity [,ɑp?'tun?ti]n.机会

seize the opportunity抓住机遇，抓住机会

rare opportunity稀有机会，难得机会

equal opportunity机会均等

opportunity cost机会成本

business opportunity商业机会

They catch at every opportunity to make money.

他们抓住一切机会来赚钱。

I wish to take this opportunity to thank you all.

我愿借此机会向大家表示感谢。

John watched every opportunity because he wanted to get on.

约翰盯住每一个机会，因为他想获得成功。

26.description [d?'skr?p??n]n.描写

describe sb. as….描述成

Sarab described him as shy.

describe sth./sb. to sb. 向某人描述…

So describe this new classmate to me!

n. give a (…) description of…

I gave them a detailed description of my car.

27.furnished ['f?n??t]adj.配备好装备的

be furnished with提供，备有

Furnish 1)(在房屋等内)布置家具

Eg. The house was simply furnished.

2)向（某人/某事物）供应，提供furnish A

with B 将B提供给A/用B装备A

Eg. She furnished him with the facts surrounding the case.

辨析furnish, equipe与supply

Furnish furnish A with B 与be furnished with 指供给生活所必备的或为生活舒适所需的家具

Eg. I’ll furnish my house with furniture.我要为我的房子置办家具。

equip equip A with B 常表示―装备‖工作所需要的东西

eg. The room is equipped with the air conditioning.

3

Supply supply sb. with sth=supply sth to sb. 可用于指在任何环境下―供给‖任何东西

Eg. The merchant supplies goods to them.

单词积累

Furniture 家具furnishings家具，室内陈设What style furnished do you have?

你的家具是什么风格的？

28.possibility[,pɑs?'b?l?ti] n.可能性

production possibility生产可能性

by any possibility万一；可能

We had to explore this possibility very gingerly.

我们必须极其小心地探索这个可能性。

A peace settlement now looks like a real ~.

There’s a possibility that he might get back.

It’s possible (for sb) to do sth/ that…

I want to avoid the rush hour if possible.

Would it be possible…? …可以吗？

as …as possible

whenever/ wherever possible

-Do you think it was murder? –Quite possibly.

29.plus [pl?s]prep.加上

Prep: 1+1=2 One plus one equals two.

The book has 250 pages, plus 20 pages of appendices.(附录) Adj: plus factor/ point 有利因素，优点

Another ~ point for the system is that…

She earns $50,000 a year plus. 多于

plus or minus正负号；增减

one plus one一加一

plus side正侧；加侧

It is the value plus or minus something.

而是这个值加上或减去某个东西。

30.quarrel ['kw?r?l]n.争吵

quarrel with v. 抱怨；不同意；拒绝接受；跟…吵架quarrel about争论；为…争吵

They have patched up their quarrel.

他们已经停止了争吵。

My patience is almost worn away by their endless quarrel.

他们不停的争吵使我的忍耐接近于极限了。

31.alike 不用于名词前 a./ adv. 同样地，一样地

My mother and I are ~ in many ways.

The twins were dressed ~.

I enjoy being on this course --- I learnt a lot from teachers and students ~.

32.Take the place of=take one’s place代替

―代替‖的种种表达法：take the place of, take one’s place, replace in, in place of, instead of

拓展

In place在适当的位置，适当的

In place of代替

In sb’s place 处于某人的位置

Out of place不适当的，离开原来的地方

Take place发生，举行

In the first place首先，第一

The chairman is ill in hospital now, so we have no idea who will ______ in the coming conference.

A. take his place

B. take place

C. take place of him

D. take the place of

33arrange 筹备，安排，整理

James is arranging a big surprise party for Helen’s birthday.

He has arranged his CDs in order.

I’ve arranged for a taxi to meet you at the airport.

arrange sth for sb为某人安排某事

arrange for sth / sb to do sth使某事物发生;安排某人做某事arrange (with sb) to do sth (与某人)约定做某事

make arrangements for 安排好

34.wedding ['w?d??]n.婚礼

wedding dress结婚礼服

wedding day举行婚礼的日子；结婚纪念日

wedding anniversary结婚纪念日；结婚周年纪念日

wedding ring结婚戒指

All the wedding invitations have gone out.

所有的结婚请帖都发出去了。

She was all flustered up just before the wedding.

婚礼快要到来时，她心情十分紧张。

His wedding clashed with my examination so I couldn't go.

他的婚礼与我的考试时间冲突，所以我去不了。

35.fold [fold]v.对折

fold up倒闭；撒手；垮台；放弃

fold belt褶皱带

fold increase成倍增加

vocal fold声襞

fold line折线；折纹；返折线

Players use their computers to fold proteins.

玩家用他们的电脑折叠蛋白。

Fold the card.

折叠这张卡片。

Each fold in the skirt should be exactly the same width.

裙子每条皱折的宽度应该完全一样。

36.sightseeing ['sa?tsi??]n.观光

go sightseeing去观光

sightseeing tour观光旅游

sightseeing bus观光巴士；游览巴士；旅游客车

sightseeing car游览客车；观光汽车

After a day of sightseeing, take in a musical or play in one of the world renowned Broadway Theaters.

游览一天后，你可以在世界享有生命的百老汇歌剧院听音乐会或看戏剧。

37.delight [d?'la?t]n.快乐

[要点提示]

①vt. & vi. 给予乐趣；使人高兴

4

I was delighted to be invited to her party. 我很高兴被邀请参加她的晚会。

②v.（常与in连用）热衷于；引以为乐

She delights in cooking lovely meals. 她以烹饪美食为乐。

③n. 乐趣；喜悦；欣喜

He laughed with delight. 他高兴地大笑。

④n. 赏心乐事

Travelling is my chief delight. 旅游是我最大的赏心乐事。[归纳拓展]

delighted adj. 高兴的delightedly adv. 欣喜地，高兴地

delightful adj. 令人喜悦的，令人快乐的，有趣的

take / find delight in 以……为乐

be / feel delighted at / by / with 因……而高兴

to one’s delight / joy 令人高兴的是

38.royal['r???l] adj.王室的

royal family王室；皇族

royal jelly蜂王浆，王浆

royal society（英）皇家学会

royal palace皇家宫殿

News is flying about concerning a royal wedding.

有关皇室婚礼的消息不胫而走。

But in science everything is there to be questioned - that should be the very essence of the Royal Society.

但在科学领域可以质疑一切——这应该是皇家学会的最本质信条。

39.uniform ['jun?f?rm]n.制服

in uniform穿制服

uniform distribution均匀分布；一致分布

school uniform校服

Lamp that guy in uniform.

看一眼那个穿制服的家伙。

He looks quite smart in his uniform.

他穿着制服显得很帅。

40.statue ['st?t?u]n.雕像

statue of liberty n. 自由女神

bronze statue铜像；青铜像

She superseded the old statue.

她把那个旧的塑像扔掉了。

41.imaginary[?'m?d??n?ri] adj.想象中的

imaginary part[计]虚部

imaginary line假想线；虚线

imaginary number虚数

imaginary circle虚圆

This time it must of its nature be an imaginary one.

这次，由于其本质必须是一个想象的。

42.original [?'r?d??nl]adj.最初的

original design原设计；初始设计

original data原始资料；源数据

original image原始图像

Of the original ten, four or so remain.

在原有的十个中，留下约四个左右。

She was distracted from her original interest.

她改变了自己原有的兴趣。

43.thrill[θr?l] v.n. 激动，胆战心惊，刺激

Peter thinks using guns gives him a thrill.

the thrill of travelling at speed

The magic of music continues to thrill the audience.

We were so thrilled to hear about the baby.

thrilling = interesting and exciting

44.error ['?r?]n.错误

computer error计算机出错

human error 人为错误

error of judgement判断失误

be in error 犯错，失误

The company admitted that they were in ~.

The letter was opened in ~.

Trial and error 反复试验

How can she explain away her error?

她是怎样把错误解释过去的?

45.tense [t?ns]n.时态

past tense过去式

tensed up[口]紧张的；[口]忧虑不安

present tense[语]现在式时态

future tense未来式；[语法]将来时态

present perfect tense现在完成式

The tense silence was punctuated by bursts of gunfire.

紧张的寂静不时为一阵阵的炮火声所打破。

46.consistent [k?n's?st?nt]adj.一致的

be consistent with 相一致，相吻合

These actions are consistent with his principles.

这些行为与他的原则是一致的。

课文重要的句型：

1Now when people refer to England , you may find Wales included as well .

本句中含有find复合结构,即―find+宾语+宾补‖,因为宾语Wales和include存在逻辑上的被动关系,故用过去分词作宾补。另

外,可作宾补结构的除了过去分词外还有现在分词、名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式等。

v.+ object（宾语）+ object cmplemet （宾补）

eg. Speak louder to make yourself heard .

★ adj. 作宾补

eg. Leave the door open .

★ V-ing 作宾补

eg. He kept us waiting for ten hours .

★（to）do 作宾补

eg. He advised us to leave at once .

用所给动词的适当形式填空

He had his money _____（steal）.

5

I saw him _____（beat）by Tom.

The murderer was brought in , with his hands _____（tie）behind his back .

I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise __ going（go）on.

We don’t allow anyone to smoke（smoke）here.

2.◆When people refer to England ……

★ mention or speak of sb. or sth.提到；说到

eg. Don’t refer to this matter again , please .

★ be relevant to sb. or sth.;concern sb. or sth.与…有关

eg. What I have to say refers to all of you .

★ turn to sth. or sb. for information 向… 查询；查阅

eg. refer to a dictionary

★ refer to sb./ sth. as 称…为…；把…看作…

eg. The professor referred to the discovery as a major breakthrough in medical field .

当我在课堂上提到即将到来的假期时，所有的同学都兴奋起来。

When I referred to the coming holiday in class , students became excited.

The person _____ at the meeting was my

former headteacher.

A. refers to

B. referred to

C. referring to

D. to refer to

3. ……by getting Ireland connected ……

get sth done =have sth done 使某事被做…….

e.g. I'll just get these dishes washed and then I'll come.

get + n. + to do

get + n. + doing

Y ou'll get her to agree.

I'll get the car going.

get done: 用于意想不到、突然或偶然发生，意为―被…….‖e.g. Be careful when you cross this very busy street. Alexander tried to get his work _____ in medical circles . Ato recognize B. recognizing

C.recognize

D. recognized

4.Although, nationwide, these cities are not as large as those in China, they have world-famous football teams and some of them even have two! 尽管,英国任何一个城市都不像中国的城市那样大,但是它们都有着自己的享有威名的足球队,有的城市甚至有两支队伍。本句中those为替代词,代指前面提到的复数名词cities。常见的替代词有:one / the one / ones / the ones / that / those / it,具体区别如下: (1)one 代指上文提到的某个可数名词单数,表示泛指意义,一般指同类事物中的任何一个;而the one代替上文提到的某个可数名词单数,表示特指。(2)ones代替上文提到的可数名词复数形式,表泛指,一般指同类事物中的一些;而the ones 指代上文提到的可数名词复数形式,表示特指。(3) that用来代替上文提到的名词,可以是可数名词单数形式,也可以是不可数名词,表示特指。如果代替可数名词单数形式,可

以与the one互换。(4) those是that的复数形式,代替上文提到的可数名词复数形式,表示特指,可与the ones互换。

(5)it代替前面的同一事物或同一个人。

(1)我找不到我的帽子。我不知道我把它放在哪了。

I can’t find my hat. I don t know where I put it.

The weather of Beijing is just as cold as that of Lanzhou, but colder than that of Shanghai. 北京的气候和兰州一样冷,但比上海冷。

5.There followed St. Paul s Cathedral built after the terrible

fire of London in 1666. 接着参观的是圣保罗大教堂,它是在1666年可怕的伦敦大火之后建造的。

当here, there位于句首时,主语是名词且没有宾语时,句子需要完全倒装,即整个谓语动词提到主语之前。与此用法相同的还有now, then, thus, in, out, away, down, up, off,back, over等。如:

A way flew the plane. 飞机起飞了。

Out came my aunt. 我姑姑出来了。

Now comes your turn.

Long long ago, there lived a king.

6.……the four countries do work together……

助动词do/does/did + V原形

eg. I did come to school to have a meeting yesterday evening .

do+V原，用在肯定陈述句中，用来加强语气。意为―确实，务必，真的，的确‖

Eg1：I do hope you’ll stay for dinner.

Eg2: I do think she has behaved badly.

Eg3: we did have a good time that day.

Eg4: Do be careful!

do的变化形式

1，陈述句(有时态，和人称变化)

Eg5: Tom does study hard now and we should learn from him.

Eg6: He did come to see you last night.

2，祈使句(表强烈的请求)

Eg7: Do write to me soon.

Y our task will be to examine the possibility of constructing a new factory in the United Kingdom.

Be+to do结构的用法

（1）be to do结构中，不定式作表语，表示主语和表语在概念上是等同的。如：

The problem is to find a solution.

His plan is to clean the room.

My wish is to be a teacher.

(2) be to do

1)坚决命令

No one is to enter this building without the permission of the security guard.

2)―计划，安排‖(意思接近于be going to)

Betty is to get married next month.

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3)不可避免，注定

Y ou are to answer for what you have done.

4)意图，打算，决心

If all of us are to remain friendly, we must be sincere with one another.

5)―义务，应该‖（意思接近于should, ought to）

Y ou have done so well. Y ou are to be rewarded.

6)用于―if…were to do‖，表示虚拟假设

If I were to do it, I would do it well.

Please don’t hurt my cat,‖begged Sarah as her brother picked it up by one leg.

Pick up

1)捡起，拾起，收拾，整理

She picked up a store and threw it at the window.

Please pick up all your toys when you’ve finished playing. 2)取物，接人

Pick me up at the hotel.

3)收听到

We picked up radio signals for help from the damaged plane.

4)获得，得到，买到，学会

Here’s a tip I picked up from my brother.

5)（使）重新开始

We picked the conversation after an interruption.

6)改善，好转，增强

Trade usually picks up in spring.

拓展

Pick out选出，选择，辨别出，pick and choose挑三拣四pick off去除，取走

Pick up on意识到，pick one’s way慢而小心地走

Eg. Sam ________ some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it. (2010山东高考)

A. brought up

B. looked up

C. picked up

D. set up

here is no need to debate any more about why different words are used to describe the four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.

debate

[要点提示]

①v. 讨论；争论

The government is debating the education laws. 政府正在就教育法进辩论。

②v. 考虑；思考

He was debating whether to go for a walk or to visit a friend. 他在考虑去散步还是去访友。

③n. 讨论；辩论；辩论会

a debate about the punishment for criminals 关于如何惩治罪犯的争论

Who open the debate? 谁先发言？

[归纳拓展]

debate about sth 对某事进行辩论

debate with sb 与某人辩论

open / close a debate 开始/ 终止辩论

open / public debate 公开辩论

under debate 在辩论中

完成句子

①_________（经过长久的辩论）the law was passed.

②We _________（正在讨论）whether to go to the mountains

or to the seaside.

③The question __________（在辩论中）was put forward by

them.

The greatest historical treasure of all is London with its museums, art collections, the atres, parks and buildings.

(1) treasure

[要点提示]

①[U] 金银财宝；宝藏

buried treasure 埋藏的金银财宝

②[C] 珍宝，珍品

The library has many art treasures. 这家图书馆收藏了许多艺术珍品。

③v. 珍藏，珍重，珍惜

I treasure our friendship very much. 我非常珍惜我们的友

谊。

It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.

(1) seem

[要点提示]

seem意为―好像；似乎；看来‖，常用于以下结构中：

①seem+(to be) 形/名好像（是）……

Her father seems (to be) a kind man. 她父亲看起来像个亲切的人。

Y ou must do what seems right to you. 你自己觉得正当的事就做。

②seem + to do 好像……，似乎……

He seems to know everything. =It seems that he knows everything.

他好像什么都知道。

③seem+like+名词好像……，似乎……

It seems like years since we last met. 我们似乎好几年不见。

④It seems (+to名)+that…（在某人看来）好像……，仿

佛……

It seems that he is lying. =He seems to be lying.

看样子他好像是在撒谎。

It seemed to him (that) he would never be able to work out the question.

在他看来他好像永远无法解决那问题。

⑤It seems as if / as though 看样子似乎是……

It seems as if he has been at the scene of the crime.

看样子他好像曾在犯罪现场。

⑥There seems (to be)似乎有……

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There seems (to be) no need to help that country.

似乎没必要帮助那个国家。

[归纳拓展]

辨析：seem, appear与look都可表示―似乎，好像‖appear强调外表上给人以某种印象，往往含有实际上并非如此的意思；look指基于视觉印象得出的判断；seem则指根据某种迹象或预示而作出的比较有把握的判断。(2) should

[要点提示]

①在本句中表示―竟然……，居然……‖。should往往用在that从句中表达感情、意志。如：

I’m surprised that you should speak in such a way.

我很惊讶你居然用那种口气说话。

I’m glad that your story should have won the first prize.

我很高兴你的小说居然赢得头奖。

②should可表示义务，应该。用于should do或should have done结构中，其中should have done意为―本来应该已经……（却），要是已经……就好了（表示去该做某事，而没做之责难、后悔等的语气）‖。如：

Y ou should apologize to him. 你应该向他道歉。

I should have been kinder to him. 当时我要是对他更亲切一点就好了。

③should用于表示命令、提议、愿望等的that从句中，意为―应该……，必须……‖。如：

She demanded that they should leave at once. 她要求他们立刻离开。

④should与疑问词连用，表示意外、惊讶、纳闷等，意为―究竟是……，到底……‖。如：

I don’t understand why she should have made such a mistake.

我不理解她为什么会犯下这种错误。

单项选择

Y ou can’t imagine that a well behaved gentleman ______ be so rude to a lady. (2001·上海)

A. might

B. need

C. should

D. would

9. Check that it makes sense, that the tenses are consistent and the spelling is correct.

make sense

[要点提示]

①意义清楚

No matter how you read it, this sentence doesn’t make (any) sense.

这个句子无论你怎么读都讲不通。

②有道理，有意义

It makes sense to take care of your health. 爱惜身体是有道理的。

[归纳拓展]

make sense (out) of 懂，了解

in a sense 就某种意义来说；多少有点

there’s no sense (in) 没道理；不必

the sense of meeting 舆论，公共意见

过去分词

过去分词作宾语补足语时表明宾语是过去分词所表示动作的对象，过去分词与宾语之间有逻辑上的动宾关系。在高中阶段过去分词作宾语补足语的情况通常有以下几种：过去分词用在表示状态的动词keep, leave等的后面

They keep the door locked for a long time.

Don’t leave the windows broken like this all the time.

―have/get+宾语+过去分词‖可以表示两种含义：让别人做某事；遭遇某种不幸

I have had my bike repaired.

The villagers had many trees planted just then.

I’ll never get all this work finished.

I had my wallet stolen on a bus last month.

The old man had his leg broken in the accident.

He had his leg broken in the match yesterday.(MET1986)

在―make+宾语+过去分词‖这种结构中，过去分词表示结果

I raised my voice to make myself heard.

They managed to make themselves understood using very simple English.

过去分词常用在感官动词watch, see, hear, listen to, notice, feel等的后面

When we got to school, we saw the door locked.

We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops.

过去分词用在want, wish, like, order等表示―希望，愿望，命令‖类动词的后面作宾语补足语

The teacher wouldn’t like the problem discusse d at the moment.

I want the suit made to his own measure.

6. 过去分词用在―with+宾语+宾补‖这一结构中，过去分

词与宾语之间是动宾关系

The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.

With many brightly-colored flowers planted around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden.

Eg. I heard them singing in the room when I passed.

The teacher explained the problem several times but still couldn’t make himself understood.

He was watched to put on his coat.

过去分词练习

1. Alexander tried to get his work _______ in the medical

circles. A. to recognize B. recognizing C. recognize

D. recognized

2. A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy

ending, but the reader must not be left ______.

A. unsatisfied

B. unsatisfying

C. to be unsatisfying

D. being

unsatisfied

3. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to

see ______ the next year.

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A. carry out

B. carrying out

C. carried out

D. to carry out

4. Helen had to shout _______ above the sound of the music.

A. making herself hear

B. to make herself hear

C. making herself heard

D. to make herself heard

5. Mr. Smith was very disappointed to see the car he had had ________ went wrong again.

A. to be repaired

B. repaired

C. it repaired

D. it

6. With a lot of difficult problems ________, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.

A. settled

B. settling

C. to settle

D. being settle

7. Tom rushed out in a hurry, _______ the door ______.

A. leaving; unlocked

B. leaving; unlocking

C. left; unlocked

D. to leave; unlocking

8. The ______ professor found the matter _______.

A. surprising; surprised

B. surprising; surprising

C. surprised; surprised

D. surprised; surprising

9. When his wife returned, the husband noticed her hair _______ short.

A. cutting

B. to be cut

C. being cut

D. cut

10. I have had my bike ______, and I’m going to have somebody ______ my radio tomorrow.

A. repair; to repair

B. repairing; to be repaired

C. repaired; repair

D. to repair; repairing

11. The result of the entrance exam was not make ______ to the public until last Sunday.

A. knowing

B. known

C. knew

D. to be known

12. To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English _____ as much as we can.

A. speak

B. speaking

C. spoken

D. to speak

注意：

现在分词、过去分词、不定式作宾语补足语的区别：分词作宾语补足语，要看宾语与作宾补的词所表示的动词之间的关系。如果它们之间是主动关系，则用现在分词作宾补；如果是被动关系则用过去分词作宾补。表示感觉的动词hear, see, watch, notice, observe, feel等和使役动词have, make等既可接分词也可接不定式。这些动词接现在分词表示主动、进行的动作，接过去分词表示被动、完成的动作，而接不定式做宾补则表示动作发生了，指事情的全过程。

专项训练1：

1.___ poor at English, I'm afraid I can't make myself ___.

A.To be; understand

B. I'm ;to understand

C. Being ; understanding

D.Being;understood

2.I have had my bike ___ ,and I'm going to have somebody ___ my radio tomorrow.

A.repair;to repair

B.repairing;to be repaired

C.repaired;repair

D.to repair;repairing

3.Y ou must get the work ___ before Friday.

A.do

B.to do

C.doing

D.done

4.___ the room, the nurse found the tape-recorder ___.

A.Entering;stealing

B.Entering;gone

C.To have entered; being stolen

D.Having entered;to be

stolen

5.We are pleased to see the problem ___ so quickly.

A.settled

B.having been settled

C.be settled

D.settling

6.Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing

machine she had had ____ went wrong again.(上海1999）

A.it

B.it repaired

C.repaired

D.to be repaired

7.It is wise to have some money ___ for old age.(NMET1996)

A. put away

B. keep up

C. give away

D. laid up (put away 放好, 储存...备用, 处

理掉, 放弃, 抛弃)

8.I don't want the children ___ out in such weather.

A. take

B. to take

C. taken

D. taking

9.I'm afraid that I can't make myself ___ be cause of my poor

English.

A. understand

B. understanding

C. to understand

D.

understood

10.The murderer was brought in, with his hands ___ behind

his back.

A .being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied (表

动作完成）

专项训练2：

1.We found her greatly ___.

A. improving

B. changed

C. to help

D. having

disturbed

2.Jane got her bad tooth ___ at the dentist's.

A. to put in

B. pulled out

C. pushed out

D. drawing

out

3.When ____ ,the museum will be open to the public next

year.(上海2002)

A. completed

B. completing

C. being completed

D.

to be completed

4.With a lot of difficulties ___ ,they went to the seashore and

had a good rest.

A. settled

B. settling

C. to settle

D. being

settled

5.The research is so designed that once ___ nothing can be

done to change it.(NMET2002)

A.begins

B.having begun

C.beginning

D.begun( once

begun 在句中作状语，begin为及物动词:―着手‖）

6.___ ,they went home,___.

A.Their work had been finished;singing and laughing

B.They had finished their work;sang and laughed

C.Their work finished ;singing and laughing

D.after their work finished;singing and laughing

7.Before he came to London,he had never heard a single

English word ___

A.speaking

B.speak

C.spoken

D.to speak

9

8.____ more attention,the trees could have grown better.

A.Given

B.To give

C.Giving

D.Having given

9.___ from space,the earth with water ___70％of its surface looks like a "blue blanket".

A.Seen ;covered

B.Being seen;covers

C.Seeing;covering

D.Seen;covering

10.____,the experiment will be successful.

A.If carefully doing

B.If it done carefully

C.If carefully done

D.If doing carefully

11.The girl wrote a composition without ___.

A.ask

B.asking

C.being asked

D.to be asked

12.He finished his homework and then went on ___me.

A.helping

B.with help

C.with helping

D.to help

13.___where to go ,he asked a policeman.

A.Having lost his way and not knowing

B.Losing his way and didn't know

C.Having lost his way and didn't know

D.Lost his way and didn't know

14.____ her friend was badly hurt,she burst into tears.

A.Hearing

B.Having heard

C.To hear

D.Heard

15.____ his team had won, his face lit up at once.

A.Knowing

B.When knowing

C.After knowing

D.When he knew

专项训练3：

1.They hurried back home only to find their house ___ into.

A.break

B.to break

C.broken

D.breaking

2.When he came to,he found himself ___ on a chair, with his hands ___ back.

A.to sit;tied

B.sitting;tying

C.sat;tied

D.sitting;tied

3.We do not feel ___ to enter modern buildings;everything about them seems unfriendly.

A.invited

B.inviting

C.to invite

D.to be invited

(feel后加形容词，此处的invited 表主语we 的感受)

4.I'm going to have my letters ____ tomorrow if I've got them ready by then.

A.to type

B.type

C.typed

D.typing

5.Every great culture in the past had its own ideas of beauty

___ in art and literature.

A.expressed

B.to express

C.being expressed

D.to be expressed

答案：

专项训练1：1-10 DCDBA CACDD

专项训练2：:1-15 BBAAD DDADC CDDAD

专项训练3：:1-5 CDACA

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