外研社高中英语必修3module6

Module6 Old and New

知识点精讲

1．date n．年代；时代；约会v．加日期于；始于(某时期)；属于(某时期)

精讲拓展：

① dated adj.有日期的，陈旧的

② ②date from 属于，始于(某一历史时期)

③ ③date back to追溯到……

④ ④out of date过时的；过期的

⑤ ⑤up to date现代的；直到最近

误区警示：date from/date back to常指以“现在为起点”往前推，故在句中作谓语时，常用一般现在时，且无被动语态。若句中有信息提示从过去某一时间往前推，则用过去时态。

朗文在线：

Have you set a date for the wedding? 婚礼的日子定下来了吗？

To date there has been no improvement in his condition. 到现在为止，他的状况还是没有好转。

This church dates from the 13th century. 这座教堂的历史可以追溯到13世纪。

命题方向：date的相关短语是重要考点。

活学巧练：I received a letter __________ October 1,2009.

A．date B．dating C．dated D．to be dated

答案与解析：C 句意：我收到一封信，信上的日期是2009年10月1日。date a letter在信上写地址，date与letter之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词作定语。

2．accommodate vt.供应，供给；使适应；向……提供；容纳vi.适应

精讲拓展：

② accommodate sb. with sth.提供某人某物

②accommodate sth. to sth.适应，迁就，迎合

③accommodate oneself to new conditions适应新的情况

④accommodate oneself to使自己适应于

⑤accommodative adj.乐于助人的，随和的，善于适应新环境的

⑥accommodation n．住处，膳宿；(车、船、飞机等的)预定铺位；和解

误区警示：短语accommodate oneself to中的to为介词，故其后的宾语应用doing形式。He can't accommodate himself to doing the hard work. 他无法使自己适应艰苦的工作。

朗文在线：

② The hall can only accommodate 200 people. 这个大厅只能容纳200人。

②We've made every effort to accommodate your point of view. 我们已经尽力迁就你们的观

点。

③We reached an accommodation between both parties. 我们双方达成了和解。

命题方向：accommodate oneself to (doing) sth.是重要考点。有时也考查名词在语境中的辨析。

活学巧练：Hotel __________ is included in the price of your holiday.

A．accomplishment B．accommodation C．account D．accompany

答案与解析：B 句意：你度假的价格包括旅馆住宿在内。accomplishment“成就，成绩”；accommodation “住宿，膳宿”；account“账户，叙述”；accompany“陪同，陪伴”。

3．remove vt.移动，开除；移交vi.迁移，搬家n.移动，距离，班级，升级

After you entered the room，you could remove your hat.

① at one remove隔一代(之嫡亲)

② be removed from与……远离；与……疏远；与……不一样

③ remove all doubts消除一切怀疑

④ be removed from school被开除，被勒令退学

⑤ ⑤remove oneself走开，离去

⑥ ⑥removable adj.可移动的

⑦ ⑦removed adj.离开的，远离……的；与……无关的

⑧ ⑧remover n．搬运工；去除剂

注意：①move强调位置和姿态的改变。②remove强调完全放弃原来的地方而到达新的位置，有时相当于take away/off。表示“迁居时”，两者均可用。

活学巧练：

Bad habits are no way easy to be __________；it needs your determination. A．replaced B．moved C．removed D．got rid

答案与解析：C 戒除坏习惯应用remove bad habits或get rid of bad habits，故选C项。

replace“代替，取代”；move“移动，迁移”。

4．suggest v．建议，提议；推荐(某职务的合适人选)；表明精讲拓展：

② suggest doing sth.建议做某事

②suggest that sb./sth.(should) do建议某人/事该……

③suggest sb.for sth.推荐某人适合……

④suggestion n．建议

⑤make a suggestion提建议

误区警示：suggest表示“建议”后接从句时，需用虚拟语气，即动词用(should)do；但若表示“表明”讲时，其后不用虚拟语气的从句。

朗文在线：

② John suggested going together in one car. 约翰建议大家坐同一辆汽车去。

②She suggested that we(should) write that into the contract. 她建议我们把那一点写进合同。

命题方向：suggest后接从句是否用虚拟语气的动词形式是常考点。

活学巧练：

He suggested we ________ a meeting and it may be suggested he ________ interested in our plan.

A. to hold; was

B. hold; was

C. held; be

D. held; should be

答案与解析：B 第一个suggest是建议，第二个是“表明”。

5．hold back阻止；抑制；隐瞒

The villagers built banks of earth to hold back the flood waters.

① Hold it！(电话)别挂断！

② hold on继续；不要挂断(电话)

③hold on to抓住……

④hold out伸出(手)

⑤hold up拿起；举起；使停顿

⑥hold back阻止，抑制；克扣；隐瞒

⑦hold one's breath屏息

⑧hold one's head up抬起头来

⑨hold water能成立，站得住

⑩catch/get/grab/seize/take hold of抓住，拿住，握住

误区警示：在get/catch/take hold of短语中，hold为名词，其前不加冠词。

朗文在线：

② They had erected the barriers to hold back the flood. 他们筑起屏障阻挡洪水。

②We struggled to hold back our laughter. 我们竭力忍住不笑。

命题方向：hold back与hold out，hold on，hold up等词语的辨析是考查的重点。

活学巧练：(1)The movie was so touching that we couldn't ______________ (抑制) our tears.

(2)Jim was able to _____________(控制) his anger and avoided a fight.

(3) She was ________something ________ (隐瞒) from me.

(4) He _______________(抓住) the rock to stop himself slipping.

(5)Our flight was ______________(耽搁，延误) because of the bad weather.

(6)The pupil _____________(举起) his hand to ask the teacher a question.

6．work out计算出；解决；理解，成功地发展精讲拓展：

① sth.work out某事成功地发展；逐渐解决

② work sth.out计算出；制订出；设法弄懂

③ work on sth.致力于(做)某事

④work up to (doing)sth.逐渐下决心去做不想做的事

⑤work sth.off发泄误区警示：work out既可作及物动词的用法，又可作不及物动词的用法且

含义用法不同，请区分好！

朗文在线：

① You can work out the answer by adding all the numbers. 你把所有数加在一起就能算出答案

了。

② UN negotiators have worked out a set of compromise proposal. 联合国谈判人员制订出一套

折中方案。

命题方向：work out，work on，work off等以词语辨析题的形式出现。

活学巧练：

翻译句子(1)这道题很难做出来。(2)尽管题目很难，他们最终把它解出来了。

答案：(1)The question is hard to work out.

(2)Though the problem is difficult, they managed to work it out finally.

7．make sense有意义，讲得通What she says makes sense.

8．①make no sense讲不通；无意义

②make sense of sth.懂；了解……含义

③in a sense就某种意义而言，在某种角度上

④in no sense决不

⑤come to one's sense苏醒(＝bring sb. to his sense)

⑥in one's senses头脑健全，神志清醒

⑦out of one's senses愚蠢，精神不正常

⑧There is no sense doing sth.做某事无意义

命题方向：make sense及in no sense是高考命题的重点。

活学巧练：(1)Can you __________________(理解) this poem?

(2)What you say is true ___________________(从某种意义上来说)．

(3)When I __________________(恢复理智)，I was lying on the ground.

(4)This poem doesn't __________ to me. Can you explain it to me?

A．make sense B．make senses C．make a difference D．have sense

答案与解析：A make sense to sb.“在某人看来有道理，有意义”。根据下文可知选A项。

make a difference“起作用，有重要性”。

8．bring an end to结束；终止

①bring an end to＝bring... to an end结束，终止

②come to an end结束，完结

③put an end to结束；消除

④carry... through to the end把某事进行到底

⑤make ends meet量入为出；使收支相抵

⑥in the end最后

⑦by the end of到……末

⑧from beginning to end从头到尾

⑨end to end头对头地；首尾相连地

朗文在线：

② I'm determined to carry this through to the end. 我决定把这事进行到底。

②Since Mike lost his job, we can hardly make ends meet. 自从迈克失业以后，我们简直难以维持生计。

活学巧练：

(1)Winning the competition ________ his financial problems.

A. was an end

B. came to an end

C. brought an end to

D. put an end

答案与解析：C 句意：赢得比赛结束了他的财政危机。come to an end结束，为不及物动词短语，其后不跟宾语；put an end to结束，但D项表达不对；bring an end to结束，为及物动词短语，其后跟宾语。

课后作业

1．The old building __________ the 5th century is going to be rebuilt.

A．date from B. dated from C. dating from D. dated back to

答案与解析：C 本题考查短语的用法。本句意为“那幢建于5世纪的古老建筑将被重建”。从句子的结构来看，空格的部分“__________ the 5th century”应该在句子中作定语，A项明显错误。B，D两项是一样的，过去分词在句子中用来表示被动或完成，动词date用一般现在时，而且不用被动语态。C项dating from是现在分词形式在句子中作定语。

2．How much time will it __________ to repair the old bridge?

A．cost B. pay C. take D. spend

答案与解析：C 本题考查动词词义辨析。本句意为“修好那座古老的桥要花费多长时间？”符合句型It takes sb.some time to do sth.，意为“(某人)花费若干时间做某事”。it为形式主语，后面的不定

式短语“to do sth.”是真正的主语。pay意为“付款”主语为人；cost的主语是物；spend的主语是人。

3．The new suspension bridge __________ by the famous architect is __________ now. A．designing; under construction B. designed under construction

C. designing under the construction

D. designed; under the construction

答案与解析：B 本题考查非谓语动词designed和短语under construction的用法。under construction 意为“在建设中”。design同bridge之间存在被动关系，相当于which was designed，故第一空用过去分词作后置定语。

4．As a child, he __________ becoming a doctor, and now his dream has been realized.

A．dreamed for B. dreamed of C. dreams about D. dreamed to

答案与解析：B 本题考查短语dream of/about的用法。本句意为“当他还是孩子的时候，他梦想当一名医生，现在他的梦想实现了”。dream of意为“梦寐以求某物”。其中介词of可用about代替，但注意题中时态。

5．I hope your dream of becoming a world champion will __________ in the future.

A．come true B. come truly C. come to truth D. be come true

答案与解析：A 本题考查动词短语come true的用法。本句意为“我希望你在将来实现想当世界冠军的梦想”。come true是固定短语，意为“(希望，理想等)实现，达到”，相当于be realized，其中come为连系动词，不能用于被动语态。

6．The local government has tried all means to __________ the river which used to flood every year. A．cure B. harness C. make D. treat

答案与解析：B 本题考查动词harness的用法。本句意为“当地政府已经尝试了所有的办法利用这条过去每年泛滥的河流”。harness意为“利用(风，水等自然力)为动力”。cure意为“治愈”，常用句型为cure sb. of sth.，意为“治愈某人的病”；make意为“制造，生产”；treat意为“对待，招待”。

7．The manager suggested __________ a meeting to discuss the problem.

A．us to have B. us having C. to have D. we having

答案与解析：B 本题考查动词suggest的用法。本句意为“经理建议我们开个会来讨论这个问题”。“建议某人做某事”应该用suggest sb.doing sth.，不能用suggest sb.to do sth.结构。

8．Wherever he goes，he can always be __________ to new circumstances.

A．accommodate B．accommodating C．accommodated D．accommodation

答案与解析：C be accommodated to“适应……”。

9．(2007·北京卷)We shouldn't spend our money testing so many people, most of________are healthy. A．that B．which C．what D．whom

答案与解析：D most of whom为“代词＋介词＋关系代词”在句中引导非限制性定语从句，whom 指代先行词people。that不能放在介词后面。本题考查非限制性定语从句的用法。

10．(2007·陕西)We had wanted to finish our task by noon, but it didn't quite ________ as planned.

A. find out

B. give out

C. hand out

D. work out

答案与解析：D 该题考查动词短语的辨析。后半句句意为，我们的任务并未像计划那样地完成，work out“发展，成功地进展”，符合句意，而A项“找出”，B项“用完”，C项“分发”，均不合句意。动词短语辨析题的解答需做到两点：①看清题意，②选项的动词短语用法需了解并掌握，这就需要大家平时备考时注意动词短语的积累与运用。

11．I'd like you to __________ my name from your list. I don't want to be involved in the matter. A．modify B．guide C．remove D．weed

答案与解析：C 本题考查易混动词辨析。remove意为“去掉”。本句意为“我想要你把我的名字从你的名单上去掉。我不想卷入这件事中”。modify意为“修饰”，weed意为“锄去(草等)”；guide 意为“指导，领导”。

12．They tossed your thoughts back and forth for over an hour, but still couldn't make __________ of them. A．impression B．comprehension C．meaning D．sense

答案与解析：D 本题考查固定短语make sense of sth.的用法。本句意为“他们反复考虑你的想法，考虑了一个多小时，仍然搞不清你的意思”。make sense of意为“懂得，了解其含义”。

13．At last the town council __________ the law that carnival was banned in the town. A．came to an end B．was ended C．put an end to D．was put an end to

答案与解析：C 本题考查短语辨析。come to an end意为“结束；完结”，相当于不及物动词，所以不能用于被动语态，主语一般是物。put an end to sth.意为“结束某物”，相当于及物动词，可以用于被动语态，主语一般是表示人或者某一组织的名词。

14．There was __________ time __________ I hated to go to school.

A．a; that B．a; when C．the; that D．the; when

答案与解析：B 本题考查冠词的用法和定语从句。句中time表示“一段时间”，因此要用不定冠词a；时间名词后定语从句缺时间状语，应用关系副词when。

15．Suddenly the truck was out of control and __________ a tree.

A．broke into B．crashed into C．crawled into D．burst into

答案与解析：B 本题考查短语辨析。本句意为“突然间，卡车失去了控制，撞到一棵树上”。crash 意为“猛撞”；break into意为“强行进入”；crawl into意为“慢慢爬上”；burst into意为“突然发生”。