中国传统文化翻译.

tablets 拓片rubbing 微雕miniature engraving 象牙雕刻ivory carving 宜兴陶Yixing pottery 篆刻seal cutting

戏剧表演Theatrical Performances

京剧人物脸谱types of facial makeup in Beijing opera

生male characters

末middle－aged male characters

净“painted face” characters

旦female characters

丑clown

京剧票友amateur performer of Peking Opera

木偶戏puppet show

独角戏monodrama；one－man play

皮影戏shadow play ；leather－silhouette show

折子戏opera highlights

戏剧小品skit

哑剧

dumb show ；mime ；mummery ；pantomime

单口相声monologue comic talk 双口相声witty dialogue 口技vocal imitations ；ventriloquism 说书monologue story－telling 杂技acrobatic performance 叠罗汉making a human pyramid 特技stunt 睬高跷stilt walk 马戏circus performances 神话人物Mythological Figures 八仙the Eight Immortals 嫦娥Chang’s （the Chinese moon goddess）伏羲Fu Xi （God of Fishery and Husbandry）福禄寿三星the three gods of fortune ，prosperity and longevity 共工God of Water 后羿Houyi（a legendary hero who shot down nine suns ）黄帝Yellow Emperor 夸父Kuafu（a fabled sun－chasing giant ）女Goddess of Sky－patching 盘古Pan Gu（creator of the universe ）神农Patron of Agriculture 禹Yu （the reputed founder of the Xia Dynasty ）祝融God of Fire 古代建筑Ancient Architecture 塔pagoda 琉璃塔glazed stupa 舍利塔dagoba；sarirastupa（a pagoda for Buddhist relics ）舍利子sarira remains from cremation of Buddha’s of saints’body 喇叭塔Lamaist pagoda 楼storied buildings 钟楼bell tower 鼓楼drum tower 阁pavilion 烽火台beacon tower 华表ornamental column 牌坊memorial archway 传统节日Traditional Festivals 拜年paying a New Year call 爆竹firecracker 鞭炮 a string of small firecrackers 除夕New Year’s Eve 春节Spring Festival 春联Spring Festival couplets （conveying best wishes for the year ）辞旧迎新bid farewell to the old and usher in the new ；ring out the old year and ring in the new 大扫除year －end household cleaning 灯谜lantern riddles 登高hill climbing 端午节Dragon Boat Festival 恭喜发财May you be prosperous！/ Wish you all the best ！观灯viewing the lanterns 贺年片New Year film 饺子dumplings （with meat and vegetable stuffing ）龙灯舞dragon lantern dance 庙会temple fair 年画New Year picture

年夜饭family reunion dinner on Lunar New Year’s Eve 清明节Tomb －sweeping Festival 扫墓paying respect to the dead 赏菊enjoying chrysanthemum 赏月enjoying the full moon 狮子舞lion dance 压岁钱money given to children as a Lunar New Year gift 秧歌舞yangge dance 元宵sweet rice－flour dumplings （eaten on the Lantern Festival ）元宵节Lantern Festival 月饼moon cake 植树节Tree－planting Day 中秋节Mid－autumn Festival 重阳节Double Ninth Festival 粽子 a pyramid－shaped dumpling made of glutinous rice wrapped in bamboo or reed leaves 烹饪Culinary Arts 美食节gourmet festival 中餐烹饪Chinese cuisine 色，香，味俱全perfect combination of color ，aroma ，taste and appearance 四大菜系：山东菜，四川菜，粤菜，扬州菜four major Chinese cuisines：Shandong cuisine ，Sichuan cuisine ，Canton cuisine and Yangzhou cuisine 南淡北咸，东甜西辣the light southern cuisine ，and the salty northern cuisine ；the sweet eastern cuisine ，and the spicy western cuisine 八宝菜eight－treasure pickles （assorted walnut meats ，asparagus ，lettuce ，almonds ，cucumber and peanuts ，etc．pickled in soy sauce ）八宝饭eight－treasure rice pudding （glutinous rice steamed with preserved fruits ，sweetened bean paste ，lotus seeds ，longan，etc．）白斩鸡tender boiled chicken （made by boiling a whole chicken in water and cutting into cubes ，then dipping into seasonings ）臭豆腐odd－odour bean curb 粉蒸肉pork streamed with rice flour 风味小吃local delicacy 腐竹rolls of dried bean milk cream 冷盘hors d’oeuvres 萨其马Manchu candied fritter cut in squares 刀切，火候Cutting and Slicing Techniques ，Heat Control 切片slicing 切条cutting to strips 切丝shredding 切柳filleting 切丁dicing 切碎mincing 磨碎grinding 大/旺/武火strong heat 中火medium heat 小/微/文火gentle heat 烹饪方法Cooking Techniques 煎pan－frying 炒stir－frying 爆quick－frying 炸deep－frying 烩stewing 熏smoking 煨simmering 煮boiling 烘baking 烤roasting 蒸steaming 红烧braising （with soy sauce ）涮羊肉dip－boiled mutton slices 羊肉串小摊mutton barbecue stall 宗教Religions 佛教Buddhism 释迦牟尼Sakyamuni 佛寺Buddhist temple 大雄宝殿the Great Buddha’s Hall 藏经楼depositary of Buddhist texts 金刚经Vajracchedika－sutra 素菜馆vegetarian restaurant 罗汉堂arhat hall 观音Guanyin；Goddess of Mercy；Avalokitesvara 地藏God of Earth 四大金刚Four Heavenly Guardians （at the entrance to a Buddhism temple）；Four Devarajas 四大天王Four Heavenly Kings 因果报应karma 藏传佛教Lamaism 大藏经Tripitaka 转世灵童reincarnated soul boy 喇嘛庙lamasery 道教Taoism 道观Taoist temple 道士Taoist priest 关帝庙temple of Lord Guan 儒教Confucianism 孔子庙Confucian temple 孔子Confucius 义，礼，智，信，忠，恕，孝，悌rightness，propriety ，wisdom ，trustworthiness ，loyalty ，reciprocity ，filial piety ，brotherly love 学儿优则仕 A good scholar can become an official ．/ He

who excels in study can follow an official career ．禅宗Zen Buddhism 不立别传，不立文字，直指人心，见性成佛。There belief is passed on outside the religion There is no reliance on written scripts It goes straight into people’s minds ．One becomes a Buddha the moment He sees his own Buddha nature ．伊斯兰教Islam 清真寺mosques 古兰经the Koran 耶稣教Christianity 耶稣基督Jesus Christ 洗礼baptism 天主教Catholicism 天主教堂Catholic church 古代典籍Famous Ancient Books 《春秋》The Spring and Autumn Annals 《史记》Historical Records 《诗经》The Book of Songs 《书经》The Book of History 《易经》The Book of Changes 《礼记》The Book of Rites 四书：The Four Books：《大学》The Great Learning 《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean 《论语》The Analects of Confucius 《孟子》The Mencius 《山海经》The Classic of Mountains and Rivers 《本草纲目》Compendium of MateriaMedica 《资治通鉴》History Retold as a Mirror for Rulers 《西厢记》The Romance of West Chamber 《三国演义》The Romance of the Three Kingdoms 《水浒传》Heroes of the Marshes ；Water Margins 《西游记》Pilgrimage to the West 《红楼梦》Dream of the Red Mansions ；The story of the Stone 《聊斋志异》Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio 六艺：礼，乐，射，御，书，数six classical arts：rites ，music ，archery ，riding ，writing ，arithmetic 朦胧诗misty poetry 三字经three －character scripture 武侠小说tales of roving knights；martial arts novel ； a kung fu novel 言情小说romantic fiction ；sentimental novel

八股文eight－part essay ；stereotyped writing

五言绝句five－character quatrain

七言律诗seven－character octave