2017大学英语综合教程3,4期末考试内容

2016-2017第二学期期末题型

I. Writing 15%（出自面授7个单元的主题，7个作文的英文描述可给学生，但期末作文

的考察方式是中文给出三段式要点）

II. Listening 30%（出自新视野视听说16个单元，书上内容，非学生平时考的题库题目）Section A 5 short conversations (5%)

Section B 2 long conversations (7%) （每个长对话跟3-4个单选题不等，共7个题，每题1分）Section C 3 passages (18%) （每篇文章跟4个单选题，每题1.5分）

III. Reading Comprehension 30%（3篇文章，均出自课外）

IV. Cloze 10%【10个独立的句子抠词，给出有15个词的选词库（word bank），出自所讲7个单元课后练习中的V ocabulary – I. Fill in the gaps with words or phrases

given in the box. Change the form where necessary. 15个词已变换好了词型，

直接编上ABCDEFGHIJKLMNO】

V. Translation 15%

1. 英译汉(5%）（1段英文，出自面授7个单元的Text A）

2. 汉译英(10%)（5个独立的中文句子，全句翻译成英文，出自面授7个单元课后中的

Comprehensive Exercises –II. Translation. 和两册书4个Test Yourself

最后一部分VI . Translation）

I. Writing 15%:

出自面授7个单元的主题，7个作文的英文描述可给学生，但期末作文的考察方式是中文给出三段式要点。

Topic 1

Some people think that children should obey the rules or do what their parents and teachers want them to do. Other people think that children controlled too much cannot deal with problems themselves in adulthood. Discuss both views and state your own opinions.

Should parents control their children?

Raising children and guiding their children to a better future are a complex task. In recent years, the debate about the education of children has aroused wide concern all over the

world. People hold disparate views on this as follows: some people hold the view that children should obey their parents and teachers, on the other hand, some people hold the view that giving children some freedom and too much control can destroy their lives.

Those people who hold the view that children should obey the rules provide the following reasons. First of all, parents and teachers have more life and social experience than their children. They know what kind of behavior is beneficial for the children to live in the future. The rules which experienced parents and teachers make can help children develop good manners and get along with people, which are an extremely precious skill for their future life.What's more, the children in an age which they can not distinguish between right and wrong age, are vulnerable to bad behavior. These bad behaviors may have serious consequences for their adult lives, what's worse, they may be on the road to crime. Setting rules can protect them from the effects of these bad behaviors.

On the other hand, the opponents give their reasons as follows. First of all, children have the right to choose what they want to do. Parents and teachers should be given more freedom to encourage them to do what they want to do, which will help them to develop their creativity and children are more likely to be motivated to do better things. Additionally, provided that there are too many rules, children were likely to become heavily dependent on rules. When they grow up, they may not be able to cope with the problems they encounter in the workplace. They were likely to lose the ability to cope with problems and can't make decisions without their parents' advice.

From what has been discussed above, from my own perspective, parents and teachers should establish limited rules to protect their children. Additionally, they should encourage them to try as much as possible when they are young. Furthermore, they can find out what their real interests are.

抚养孩子和指导他们的孩子一个美好的未来，是一项复杂的任务。近年来，关于儿童教育的争论引起了人们的广泛关注，世界各地的人们持有不同的看法。如下：有些人认为孩子应该服从他们的父母和老师，另一方面，有人认为，给孩子一些自由和控制太多会破坏他们的生活。

那些认为孩子应该遵守规则提供如下理由。首先，家长和老师都比他们的孩子更多的生活和社会经验。他们知道什么样的行为，有利于孩子们未来的生活。经历令父母和老师可以帮助孩子们培养良好的举止和与人相处的规则，这是为未来的生活极其宝贵的技能，更重要的是，在这样一个时代，他们不能区分正确与错误的年龄之间的孩子，很容易受到不良行为。这些不良行为可能对其成年后的生活产生严重的后果，更糟糕的是，他们可能会走上了犯罪道路。设置规则可以保护他们免受日这些不良行为的影响。

另一方面，对方给出了如下的原因。首先，孩子有权选择他们想做的事情。家长和老师应该给予更多的自由，鼓励他们做他们想做的事情，这将帮助他们发展他们的创造力和儿童更容易有动力去做更好的事情。此外，如果有太多的规则，孩子们可能会变得严重依赖规则。当他们长大时，他们可能无法满足他们在工作中遇到的问题。他们可能失去应对问题的能力，能不做决定没有父母的建议。

根据以上讨论，从我个人的观点来看，父母和老师应该制定有限的规则来保护他们的孩子。此外，也应该鼓励他们尽可能在年轻的时候。此外，他们可以找到自己真正感兴趣的是什么。

Topic 2

Nowadays more college graduates choose to work as a civil servant in the countryside instead of working in cities. Suppose you are a graduate this year, please write a letter to your parents and

●Explain why you choose to work in the countryside rather than in the city

●Examine the pros and cons of this choice

●Persuade your parents to support what you do

A letter to my parents about my job choice

Dear Mom and Dad:

I am writing to you about a decision that I choose as a civil servant in the countryside after graduating from college. The reasons for this choice are the following.

First of all, the work is stable. You know that today's employment pressure is extremely heavy, but work as a civil servant can provide a steady income without worrying about losing a job.

What's more, because of work factors, civil servants have the opportunity to communicate with people from all walks of life. Meanwhile, provided that a civil servant resigned from the work of the government to engage in other work, he or she can beat opponents.

Furthermore, the salary and welfare are not exceedingly high, but they are enough to make a decent life. I can have housing subsidies, medical subsidies.

And more importantly, I can apply for affordable housing policy and I'm allowed to purchase a flat in Beijing or other major cities at relatively low prices.

Consequently such a good opportunity, why I do not choose to be a civil servant in the countryside?

亲爱的妈妈和爸爸：

我给你写信是关于大学毕业后的一个决定，我选择在农村的公务员。原因选择如下。

首先，工作稳定。你知道现在的就业压力十分沉重，但作为一个公务员可以提供稳定的收入而不必担心失去工作。

更重要的是，因为工作原因，公务员有机会与各界人士沟通。同时规定，公务员辞去政府工作，从事其他工作，他或她可以击败对手。

此外，薪酬和福利都不高，但却足以使一个体面的生活。我可以有住房补贴、医疗补贴。

更重要的是，我可以申请负担得起的住房政策，我可以在北京或其他主要城市以相对较低的价格购买一套住房。

因此，这么好的机会，为什么我不选择做一名公务员在农村？

Topic 3

It is a trend that more and more people are inclined to shop online, whereas personal information is being leaked massively and used in an unexpected way, cyber security (网络安全) is everybody’s concern. Please

●Exemplify cyber security problems in online shopping

●Evaluate its impact on society and/or individuals

●Explore feasible solutions

Shopping on the Internet

Nowadays with the ever rapid development and increasing popularity of the information tech nology, shopping on the internet has been a fashion especially among the youngsters.

Online shopping has made our daily life more convenient and comfortable. For example, sho pping on the internet can save students a great deal of time on the way between home and store, so they would be able to concentrate more time and energy on their academic work. The internet has shorten the distance between manufacturers and consumers and thus we can even buy goods in oth er countries.On the other hand, lack of the face to face deal makes online shopping less reliable an d trustworthy. What’ s more the delivery will increase the risk of items’ damage.

In my opinion, shopping on the internet is a irreversible trend. More and more people will be accustomed to it. It will be much more popular in the near future. And at the same time we should take some measures to make it perfect.

Topic 4

Certain shared bicycles(共享单车) such as mobike（摩拜单车）, ofo（小黄）are prevailing on the streets of many big cities. Some people think it is convenient and cheap to rent a bicycle whenever people want, other people think it is dangerous and messy to park bikes everywhere. Discuss both views and state your opinions.

My Views on Bicycle-sharing System

Presently, in big cities like Shanghai and Guangzhou, bicycle-sharing system has become increasingly popular. A large number of shared bikes can be found and rented at a low price.

Moreover, you can park the bike almost anywhere you like. Urban transportation has thus been made much more convenient and even revolutionized.

However, along with its rapid development, bicycle-sharing system also brings some problems, including random parking, vandalism and possession of shared bikes, etc. To solve these problems, there are some measures for the authorities to take. Firstly, the government could implement more strict laws and rules to regulate the operation and management of bicycle-sharing system. Secondly, the public should raise their awareness of using shared bike reasonably. Lastly, urban transportation system should be upgraded and improved to accommodate automobiles, bikes and pedestrians.

To conclude, a sensible attitude should be held toward bicycle-sharing program. With effective and efficient measures taken, and efforts made by those involved, it can be expected that bicycle-sharing system will play a contributive and constructive role in urban public transportation.

目前，在上海、广州等大城市，自行车共用系统越来越普及。大量的共享自行车可以找到并出租低廉的价格。此外，你可以把自行车停放在你喜欢的任何地方。城市交通因此变得更加便利，甚至革命化。

然而，随着自行车交通的迅速发展，自行车共用系统也带来了一些问题，如乱停车、故意毁坏公物、共用自行车等。首先，政府可以执行更严格的法律法规，规范自行车共用系统的运营和管理。第二，公众应该提高合理使用共用自行车的意识。最后，城市交通系统应升级改造，以适应汽车、自行车和行人。

最后，应该对自行车共享计划采取明智的态度。通过采取有效、有效的措施和相关人员的努力，可以预期自行车共享系统将在城市公共交通中发挥积极的建设性作用。

Topic 5

Crowd Funding (众筹) is an alternative way to raise money online for poor people who cannot afford their urgent medical need in China now. Some people think it is a good way to help poor people in need by asking a large number of people each for a small amount of money; others think kind people are easily cheated by miserable stories online. Discuss both views and state your opinions.

Advantages and disadvantages of Crowd Funding

Crowd funding as a new financial model of the Internet is particularly popular. It is divided into the following four categories: lending-based crowd-funding, equity-based crowd-funding, reward-based crowd-funding, commonweal crowd-funding.

Crowd funding is a simple donation behavior, creative investors do not need to provide any form of return.

In society, many caring people try to raise the public to pay for their own ideal of public welfare. In recent years, such news have spread out on the Internet. These public projects are whether or not successful, but difficult to distinguish between true and false. There are many cases of fund fraud, and there are not many people who abscond with money. Consequently, it's hard for investors to trust their money to the creatives. Then how can investors tell the true from the false? Of course, we hope that good intentions are based on morality. However, crowd funding is not so-called moral kidnappings. "Facing the majority of groups, serving the general public" is the core nature of crowd funding.

人群资金作为互联网的一种新的金融模式，特别受欢迎。它分为以下四类：以贷款为基础的人群基金、基于人群的基金、基于奖励的人群基金、公益人群基金。

群众集资是一种简单的捐赠行为，有创意的投资者不需要提供任何形式的回报。

在社会上，许多有爱心的人设法提高公众的利益来支付他们自己的公共福利理想。近年来，这类新闻在互联网上传播开来。这些公共项目是否成功，但难以区分真假。有许多基金诈骗案件，并没有多少人携款潜逃。因此，投资者相信他们的钱的创意很难。那么投资者怎么能从真假中辨别真伪呢？当然，我们希望好的意图是基于道德。然而，人群的资金是不是所谓的“道德绑架”。“面向多数群体，服务大众”是群众性基金的核心性质。

Topic 6

Write a thank-you letter to someone who has played an important role in shaping your character. Use specific examples to explain why you feel grateful to him/her and how his/her remarks/behaviors/attitudes have a positive impact on you.

A thank-you letter to my parents

Dear Mom and Dad,

Hello!

Today I had a grateful heart to write a letter to you, this is my first time to write your letter because I now realize:you are always busy for me when I come to this beautiful world. In so many days and nights, you will endure all kinds of hardships raising me up. Here I tell you from the bottom of my heart: Mom and Dad, you have worked hard!

When I was young, you spent an army of time in teaching me how to eat with a spoon and chopsticks, to wear clothes, to teach me the truth in life. In the process of growing up, I recorded the feeling of happiness in life bit by bit, from which I feel your endless love, feel you for my silent dedication.

Your daughter slowly understand your intentions when she grow up day by day. Your love is like a cup of tea, which retains the bitter in the heart and distributes the fragrance.

Dear mom and Dad, thank you for your good intentions. Thank you for using your wings to protect me from the wind and rain. Thank you for listening to my grievances, forgiving my mistakes and doing my powerful backing.Thank you for giving me so much selfless.

I decided in the days to come, with my achievements to bring you welfare, with my filial piety to bring you happiness. Dad and mom, I love you.

亲爱的妈妈和爸爸，

你好!

今天，我怀着一颗感恩的心写一封信给你，这是我第一次写你的信，因为我现在意识到：你总是很忙，我来到这个美丽的世界。在这么多的日日夜夜，你含辛茹苦抚养我长大。这里我告诉你从我的心底：爸爸妈妈，你们辛苦了！

当我年轻的时候，你花了一个军队的时间教我如何用勺子和筷子，穿衣服，教给我做人的道理。在成长的过程中，我记录下生活中点点滴滴的幸福的感觉，从中我感到你无尽的爱，感受你对我的默默奉献。

你的女儿慢慢地理解你的意图，当她一天天长大。你的爱就像一杯茶，它保留在心中的苦和分布的芬芳。

亲爱的妈妈，爸爸，谢谢你的好意。谢谢你用你的翅膀保护我免受风雨。谢谢你听我的委屈，原谅我的错误，做我的后盾。谢谢你给了我这么多无私。

我决定在未来的日子里，我的成绩给你带来的福利，我的孝带给你快乐。爸爸和妈妈，我爱你。

Topic 7

More and more graduates choose to start their own businesses rather than work as employees. Please:

●Elaborate on the recent trend

●Examine the pros and cons of graduates starting their own businesses

●Express your opinion

Why few college students choose to start their own business?

In recent years, because of the increased university enrollment, it is not as easy as for college g raduates to find a suitable job. However, why few college graduates choose to start their own busi ness?

Firstly, to start a business, one needs plenty of money. That is the biggest problem of the colleg e students to start their own business. It is impossible to run a business without funds. Although th e government has favorable regulations to help college students to start their own business, but the results are not satisfactory. Commercial banks have strict rules on providing loans for students to start a business due to the risk. College students find it hard to find funds to start their business.

Secondly, the lack of social experience leads to some college students hard to start their own b usiness. They often find that the outside world is not as simple as they thought. At the SYB trainin g course, 27- year-old Zhang Lu told us her story. She graduated with a degree in economic manag ement from a university in Nanjing three years ago. She started her own business with her classma tes after graduation. They joined a laundry chain store. Their business soon closed due to a lack of market research. Zhang had to find another job. She never expected her first business to end like th at.

Thirdly, some college students are not interested in business and most of them don’t have the a mbition to start their own business. Anyway, different people have different aspirations. Some peo ple like the insipid and simple life. They like to find a stable job.

In a word, there are many problems for college students to start their own business. It has caus ed the concern of countries that college students start their business. The governments have introd uced various preferential policies for the employment of university students, to encourage and sup port students start their own businesses. This is an age welcoming college students to start their ow n business, but they must move ahead step by step and highlight the accumulation of practical exp erience, capital in its infancy, and should be ready to encounter and cope with hurdles and setback s. Then, when we are mature and capable enough, it will be time for us to consider starting our ow n business and booming our career.

IV. Cloze 10%：

10个独立的句子抠词，给出有15个词的选词库（word bank），出自所讲7个单元课后练习中的Vocabulary I，15个词已变换好了词型，直接编上ABCDEFGHIJKLMNO。

1.My job varies between the extremely tedious and the annoyingly busy. On balance, I think I’m happier during the really busy times; no time to think about how bored I am.

2.It is the nature of the wise to resist pleasures, but the foolish to be a slave to them.

3.I figure out a good team of dogs, hitched to a light sled, can haul 1,000 pounds of goods.

4.In the story, the little girl has a wicked stepmother, who makes her life a misery.

5.Nothing has become a real till it is experienced –even a proverb is no proverb to you till your life has illustrated it.

6.Nowadays almost all libraries are finding it increasingly difficult to remain within their budget.

7.You can increase a tyre’s grip in winter by slightly lowering its pressure.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/979207724.html,ke superior, Huron, Erie, and Ontario are shared by united states and Canada, and from part of the boundary between the two countries.

9.The police are investigating the three men allegedly involved in organizing and carrying out the bank robbery.

10.I do not doubt in the least that inflation leads to economic decline.

11.A blizzard was blasting great drifts of snow across the lake.

12. Tim says just about everybody will be affected by the ta x increases, but I am sure he’s exaggerating.

1.According to some scientists, global warming threatens the survival of the whole human race.

2.The number of visitors from parts of Scotland not including the Edinburgh area was, in fact, relatively small (19%), and exceeded the number of overseas visitors (16%) by a small margin.

3.The early Spaniards established a chain of missions (传教团) to civilize the local population along the San Antonio River.

4.It was common practice then that when the store owners wanted to go on vacation they simply closed up.

5.As they didn’t have realitives or friends there they often wandered around nearby malls when they got bored.

6.To make a birthday card, you can simply cut out some funny or pretty pictures from magazines, paste them onto a piece of card and then write your message inside.

7.She picked up the receiver and, without so much as asking the caller to hold on, went off to tell Jack that he was wanted on the phone.

8.To relax himself for a little while, he rose from the computer desk, walked across the room towards the window and stretched both arms upwards and sideways.

9.The new product has a pair of small loudspeakers fitted inside, which you can easily hook up to your computer’s sound card.

10.Music in fact is a universal language of a non-verbal nature which is rich in expression.

11.This chart is designed to show at a glance how many rooms have been rented out and how many are still available.

12.Bathed in glorious sunshine, the boundless (无边无际的) stretch of corn fields looked an impressive sight.

1.The cook put the meat in a plate, sprinkle it with salt and pepper, wrapped up the plate in aluminum foil (铝箔) and then placed it in the oven to roast.

2.Every waking moment we talk to ourselves about the things we experience. Our self-talk, the thoughts we communicate to ourselves, in turn control the way we feel and act.

3.John made everyone laugh when he got the words reversed and referred to himself as "my husband's wife.‖

4.You can't live a perfect day without doing something for someone who will perhaps never be able to repay you.

5.Because the Earth is a sphere(球形), sailors at sea only can view other ships to a distance of about 13 miles before those ships seem to disappear into the horizon.

6.Johnson dismissed traditional ideas lightly as no good on several occasions.

7.One tends to believe whatever one repeats to oneself sufficiently often, whether the statement be true or false.

8.Susan told me numerous times how her sister longed for children.

9.I don’t know what my roommate is up to because he does everything in secret, either when I am away or when I am asleep.

10.For economic reasons, shipbuilders have designed vessels that can be loaded and unloaded in

a minimum amount of time with minimum labor.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/979207724.html,ugh, and the world laughs with you; weep, and you weep alone.

12.A national debate is now under way about the manner in which we as a society should protect our natural resources.

1.Holding such a sporting event as the Paralympics(残奥会) will help arouse public awareness against discrimination(歧视) and indifference towards the disabled.

2.If you are habitually impatient, then developing patience will not only benefit your own life, but also the life of everyone around you.

3.It’s still a mystery to me whether I became a writer because of my desire for solitude or being a writer I became more solitary.

4.Early this morning a seven-year-old girl was run over and crushed to death by a large pickup truck which went out of control on an icy road.

5.―I feel like going for a walk. Won’t you join me?‖―OK.‖

6.Five straight days of heavy rains lashed southern California and Mexico last week, causing mudslides(泥流) and killing more than 35 people.

7.My life experiences have merely served to confirm the wisdom of his remarks, so over the years they keep echoing in my mind.

8.The Presidential candidate(总统候选人) paused during his speech while supporters waved their cards with campaign slogans to show their support.

9.To a very real extent, Jean has betrayed her boyfriend’s trust and invaded his privacy by checking his private communications.

10.―If I’m going to weed the garden, who’s going to do the laundry ?‖―The washing machine , of course.‖

11.An additional 100 million pounds is scheduled to rebuild the poorest section of the city over the next five years.

12.He tilted his chair backwards and put his feet up on his desk while he was talking on the phone.

1.The Labor Party’s electoral strategy, which was based on a tactical alliance with other minor parties, has proved successful.

劳动党的选择策略已经证明是成功地，这个策略主张和其他的小党派组成一个策略联盟。

2.The government troops recaptured the city from the rebels at the cost of

two thousand casualties.

政府部队以二万人的伤亡为代价，从版乱者手中重新占领了这所城市。

3.By a stroke of good luck, Genelle, who had been buried in the rubble for more than 26 hours, came our alive.

非常侥幸地是，Genelle在瓦砾里埋了26个小时，竟然活着。

4. My brother wasn’t badly hurt, but he injured his leg and had to limp around for a few weeks. 我的兄弟伤得不重，但他伤了腿，不得不跛行好几周。

5. The aircraft was subjected to a test of temperatures of minus 65 degrees and plus 120 degrees. 飞行物要能承受零下65度和120多度温度的考验。

6. Tax incentives combined with cheap labor will attract companies to the western regions of our

country away from the east coast.

有廉价劳动力的税收刺激将吸引更多的公司到我国远离东海岸的西部地区。

7. To my surprise, the opening speeches sounded more like declaration of war than offerings of peace.

令我惊讶的是，公开演讲更像宣战书而不是和平提议。

8. After a three-day siege by the police, the terrorists who had seized the restaurant had to give in. 在被警察围困了三天后，占领饭店的恐怖分子不得不放弃。

9. Once we stepped off the plane and onto the prairie, we were greeted by a gust of raw and biting wind.

我们走出飞机踏上草原的那一刻，迎面而来的是一阵寒冷刺骨的风。

10. Being young and impatient, they are incline to dash into the jaws of danger where an experienc ed fighter might bide his time.

因为年轻又没有耐心，他们倾向于冲向狭窄的入口，那儿有经验的战士正在等待时机。11. The harassing budget problems of the past few months have taken their toll on her health and there are shadows beneath her eyes.

过去几个月的预算对他的健康造成了影响。

12. Workers who have to work on weekends are paid twice the normal wages. And in the case of national holidays, they can get triple pay.

那些不得不在周末工作的工人被支付两倍的工资。就国家节日而言，他们能得到三倍的工资。

1. The waitress was so rude that Jane didn't tip her.

这个女服务员如此无礼，简没有给她小费。

2. Racing takes everything you’ve got----intellectually, emotionally, and physically.

赛马会耗掉你拥有的一切，智力上的，情感上的和体力上的。

3. Although the structure of the building hadn’t suffered, the surface is badly damaged.

尽管建筑的结构没有被损害，表面还是被严重损害了。

4. She received an increase in pay and it has made a difference in her attitude towards work.

她涨了工资，这对她的工作态度有影响。

5. She appeared very nervous one evening.I asked her what was wrong, and she blurted that she had fallen in love with Phil.

一天晚上，她显得很紧张，我问她怎么了，她脱口而出说出她已经爱上菲尔了。

6. I looked at Tom’s pictures and found some of them so amusing and funny that I couldn’t help chuckling.

我看了看汤姆的画，他先有一些是那么可笑有趣，以至于我禁不住吃吃的笑起来。

7. Your goals have to be measurable so you?ll know when you are making progress.

你的目标必须是可衡量的，这样才能知道你什么时候进步了。

8. Salespeople often try to learn about the needs of the prospective buyer to make themselves mor

e persuasive.

销售员常常努力了解潜在客户的要求，以使自己的言辞更具说服力。

9. We have only five months to make preparations for the trip to the South Pole.

我们只有5个月的时间来准备南极之旅。

10. Prof. Lee’s eyes sparkled with enthusiasm as she talked about how her new teaching method worked in her College English class.

李教授谈到她的新教学法如何应用于大学英语课堂时，她的眼睛里闪烁着激情的光芒。11. In my senior year I took a crack at writing a novel, but without much success.

在大学的最后一年，我试图写一本小说，但是没有取得成功。

12. To reduce weight, I am now learning to play golf with my business partner, who plays like a p rofessional.

为了减肥，我现在正跟我的一个商业伙伴学打高尔夫，他的球打得像个职业选手。

1. In a way I prefer shopping online because it is more convenient and saves time.

在某种程度上，我更喜欢网上购物，以为内她更加方便而且节省时间。

2. The success of mechanical in discovering reliable and useful laws of nature suggested to Galileo that all nature is designed in accordance with mechanical laws.

力学中一些可信的有用的的自然定律的成功发现启发了伽利略：整个自然与力学定律协调一致的。

3. A vacancy exist for a sales manager at our pairs office .if you’re interested in it, please send use ful an application letter and you resume at once.

在我们的巴黎办事处有个销售经理的职位空缺，如果你有兴趣请即刻寄给我们一份求职信和简历。

4. If you are over 18 and in good condition, it’s completely safe to do the job.

如果你超过了18岁且身体良好，那么做这份工作就安全。

5. Plastics can be made hard as stone, strong as steel, transparent as glass, and light as wood.

塑料能够被制造的像石头一样坚硬，像钢铁一样坚固，像玻璃一样透明，像木头一样轻。6. Coat the shoes with polish, then rub hard with a soft cloth to give a shine.

把鞋油涂在鞋上，然后用软布用力摩擦使鞋子发亮。

7. It was probably just a spicy joke to them, but it wasn’t funny to me at all.

对他们而言，那可能只是个粗俗的笑话，但对我而言，那个笑话一点都不好玩。

8. Michael’s praise for my wife opened my eyes and taught me to show gratitude for her day-to-da y heroism, which I had hitherto taken for granted.

迈克尔对我妻子的赞扬使我注意并教会我对她的日常勇敢行为毕存感激，迄今为止，我对她这种行为习以为常了。

9. The waitress did bring us clean plates eventually, but with a bad grace.

那个女侍者最后的确给我们拿来了干净的盘子，但是很不情愿。

10. Some scientists believe that human beings are born with an instinct for using their arms and le gs to stay afloat, which, however, disappears within a few months after birth.

一些科学家认为，人类天生就具有一种本能，能够用他们的胳膊和腿是自己漂浮起来，然而，这一本能在出生几个月后就消失了。

11. In order to pay the bills, Linda pawned her grandfather?s gold watch in secret.

为了付账，琳达偷偷当掉了祖父的金表。

12. Fish instinctively fight their way upstream against the current, and many water birds and anim als have the ability to travel long distances.

鱼本能地逆流而上，而且许多水禽和水上动物都有远距离迁徙的能力。

V. Translation 15%

1.英译汉(5%）：1段英文，出自面授7个单元的Text A

Unit 1 Mr. Doherty Builds His Dream Life

I suspect not everyone who loves the country would be happy living the way we do. It takes a couple of special qualities. One is a tolerance for solitude. Because we are so busy and on such a tight budget, we don't entertain much. During the growing season there is no time for socializing

anyway. Jim and Emily are involved in school activities, but they too spend most of their time at home.

我想，不是所有热爱乡村的人都会乐意过我们这种生活的。这种生活需要一些特殊的素质。其一是耐得住寂寞。由于我们如此忙碌，手头又紧，我们很少请客。在作物生长季节，根本就没工夫参加社交活动。吉米和埃米莉虽然参加学校的各种活动，但他俩大多数时间也呆在家里。

The other requirement is energy —a lot of it. The way to make self-sufficiency work on a small scale is to resist the temptation to buy a tractor and other expensive laborsaving devices. Instead, you do the work yourself. The only machinery we own (not counting the lawn mower) is a little three-horsepower rotary cultivator and a 16-inch chain saw.

另一项要求是体力――相当大的体力。小范围里实现自给自足的途径是抵制诱惑，不去购置拖拉机和其他昂贵的节省劳力的机械。相反，你要自己动手。我们仅有的机器（不包括割草机）是一台3马力的小型旋转式耕耘机以及一架16英寸的链锯。

How much longer we'll have enough energy to stay on here is anybody's guess -- perhaps for quite a while, perhaps not. When the time comes, we'll leave with a feeling of sorrow but also with a sense of pride at what we've been able to accomplish. We should make a fair profit on the sale of the place, too. We've invested about $35,000 of our own money in it, and we could just about double that if we sold today. But this is not a good time to sell. Once economic conditions improve, however, demand for farms like ours should be strong again.

没人知道我们还能有精力在这里再呆多久--也许呆很长一阵子，也许不是。到走的时候，我们会怆然离去，但也会为自己所做的一切深感自豪。我们把农场出售也会赚相当大一笔钱。我们自己在农场投入了约35，000美金的资金，要是现在售出的话价格差不多可以翻一倍。不过现在不是出售的好时机。但是一旦经济形势好转，对我们这种农场的需求又会增多。

We didn't move here primarily to earn money though. We came because we wanted to improve the quality of our lives. When I watch Emily collecting eggs in the evening, fishing with Jim on the river or enjoying an old-fashioned picnic in the orchard with the entire family, I know we've found just what we were looking for.

但我们主要不是为了赚钱而移居至此的。我们来此居住是因为想提高生活质量。当我看着埃米莉傍晚去收鸡蛋，跟吉米一起在河上钓鱼，或和全家人一起在果园里享用老式的野餐，我知道，我们找到了自己一直在寻求的生活方式。

Unit 3 The Land of the Lock

It has been replaced by dead-bolt locks, security chains, electronic alarm systems and trip wires hooked up to a police station or private guard firm. Many suburban families have sliding glass doors on their patios, with steel bars elegantly built in so no one can pry the doors open.

取而代之的是防盗锁、防护链、电子报警系统，以及连接警署或私人保安公司的报警装置。郊区的许多人家在露台上安装了玻璃滑门，内侧有装得很讲究的钢条，这样就没人能把门撬开。

It is not uncommon, in the most pleasant of homes, to see pasted on the windows small notices announcing that the premises are under surveillance by this security force or that guard company.

在最温馨的居家，也常常看得到窗上贴着小小的告示，称本宅由某家安全机构或某个保安公司负责监管。

The lock is the new symbol of America. Indeed, a recent public-service advertisement by a large insurance company featured not charts showing how much at risk we are, but a picture of a

child's bicycle with the now-usual padlock attached to it.

锁成了美国的新的象征。的确，一家大保险公司最近的一则公益广告没有用图表表明我们所处的危险有多大，而是用了一幅童车的图片，车身上悬着如今无所不在的挂锁。

The ad pointed out that, yes, it is the insurance companies that pay for stolen goods, but who is going to pay for what the new atmosphere of distrust and fear is doing to our way of life? Who is going to make the psychic payment for the transformation of America from the Land of the Free to the Land of the Lock?

广告指出，没错，确是保险公司理赔失窃物品，但谁来赔偿互不信任、担心害怕这种新氛围对我们的生活方式所造成的影响呢？谁来对美国从自由之国到锁之国这一蜕变作出精神赔偿呢？

For that is what has happened. We have become so used to defending ourselves against the new atmosphere of American life, so used to putting up barriers, that we have not had time to think about what it may mean.

因为那就是现状。我们已经变得如此习惯于保护自己不受美国生活新氛围的影响，如此习惯于设置障碍，因而无暇考虑这一切意味着什么。

Unit 5 Writing Three Thank-You Letters Always the college professor, my dad had carefully avoided anything he considered too sentimental, so I knew how moved he was to write me that, after having helped educate many young people, he now felt that his best results included his own son.

身为大学教授的爸爸向来特别留意不使用任何过于感情化的文字，因此，当他对我写道，在教了许许多多的年轻人之后，他认为自己最优秀的学生当中也包括自己的儿子时，我知道他是多么地感动。

The Reverend Nelson wrote that his decades as a "simple, old-fashioned principal" had ended with schools undergoing such swift changes that he had retired in self-doubt. "I heard more of what I had done wrong than what I did right," he said, adding that my letter had brought him welcome reassurance that his career had been appreciated.

纳尔逊牧师写道，他那平凡的传统校长的岁月随着学校里发生的如此迅猛的变化而结束，他怀着自我怀疑的心态退了休。―说我做得不对的远远多于说我做得对的，‖ 他写道，接着说我的信给他带来了振奋人心的信心：自己的校长生涯还是有其价值的。

A glance at Grandma's familiar handwriting brought back in a flash memories of standing alongside her white rocking chair, watching her "settin' down" some letter to relatives. Character by character, Grandma would slowly accomplish one word, then the next, so that a finished page would consume hours. I wept over the page representing my Grandma's recent hours invested in expressing her loving gratefulness to me -- whom she used to diaper!

一看到外祖母那熟悉的笔迹，我顿时回想起往日站在她的白色摇椅旁看她给亲戚写信的情景。外祖母一个字母一个字母地慢慢拼出一个词，接着是下一个词，因此写满一页要花上几个小时。捧着外祖母最近花费不少工夫对我表达了充满慈爱的谢意，我禁不住流泪――从前是她给我换尿布的呀。

Unit 6 The Last Leaf

Old Behrman was a painter who lived on the ground floor beneath them. He was past sixty and had a long white beard curling down over his chest. Despite looking the part, Behrman was a failure in art. For forty years he had been always about to paint a masterpiece, but had never yet begun it. He earned a little by serving as a model to those young artists who could not pay the price of a professional. He drank gin to excess, and still talked of his coming masterpiece. For the

rest he was a fierce little old man, who mocked terribly at softness in any one, and who regarded himself as guard dog to the two young artists in the studio above.

老贝尔曼是住在两人楼下底层的一个画家。他已年过六旬，银白色蜷曲的长髯披挂胸前。贝尔曼看上去挺像艺术家，但在艺术上却没有什么成就。40年来他一直想创作一幅传世之作，却始终没能动手。他给那些请不起职业模特的青年画家当模特挣点小钱。他没节制地喝酒，谈论着他那即将问世的不朽之作。要说其他方面，他是个好斗的小老头，要是谁表现出一点软弱，他便大肆嘲笑，并把自己看成是楼上画室里两位年轻艺术家的看护人。

Sue found Behrman smelling strongly of gin in his dimly lighted studio below. In one corner was a blank canvas on an easel that had been waiting there for twenty-five years to receive the first line of the masterpiece. She told him of Johnsy's fancy, and how she feared she would, indeed, light and fragile as a leaf herself, float away, when her slight hold upon the world grew weaker. Old Behrman, with his red eyes plainly streaming, shouted his contempt for such foolish imaginings.

苏在楼下光线暗淡的画室里找到了贝尔曼，他满身酒味刺鼻。屋子一角的画架上支着一张从未落过笔的画布，在那儿搁了25年，等着一幅杰作的起笔。苏把约翰西的怪念头跟他说了，并说约翰西本身就像一片叶子又瘦又弱，她害怕要是她那本已脆弱的生存意志再软下去的话，真的会凋零飘落。老贝尔曼双眼通红，显然是泪涟涟的，他大声叫嚷着说他蔑视这种傻念头。

"What!" he cried. "Are there people in the world foolish enough to die because leafs drop off from a vine? I have never heard of such a thing. Why do you allow such silly ideas to come into that head of hers? God! This is not a place in which one so good as Miss Johnsy should lie sick. Some day I will paint a masterpiece, and we shall all go away. Yes."

―什么！‖他嚷道。―世界上竟然有这么愚蠢的人，因为树叶从藤上掉落就要去死？我听都没听说过这等事。你怎么让这种傻念头钻到她那个怪脑袋里？天哪！这不是一个像约翰西小姐这样的好姑娘躺倒生病的地方。有朝一日我要画一幅巨作，那时候我们就离开这里。真的。‖

Unit1 The Icy Defender 冰雪卫士

In 1812, Napoleon Bonaparte, Emperor of the French, led his Grand Army into Russia. He was prepared for the fierce resistance of the Russian people defending their homeland. He was prepared for the long march across Russian soil to Moscow, the capital city. But he was not prepared for the devastating enemy that met him in Moscow -- the raw, bitter, bleak Russian winter.

1812年，法国皇帝拿破仑·波拿巴率大军入侵俄罗斯。他准备好俄罗斯人民会为保卫祖国而奋勇抵抗。他准备好在俄罗斯广袤的国土上要经过长途跋涉才能进军首都莫斯科。但他没有料到在莫斯科他会遭遇劲敌—俄罗斯阴冷凄苦的寒冬。

In 1941, Adolf Hitler, leader of Nazi Germany, launched an attack against the Soviet Union, as Russia then was called. Hitler's military might was unequaled. His war machine had mowed down resistance in most of Europe. Hitler expected a short campaign but, like Napoleon before him, was taught a painful lesson. The Russian winter again came to the aid of the Soviet soldiers.

1941年，纳粹德国元首阿道夫·希特勒进攻当时被称作苏联的俄罗斯。希特勒的军事实力堪称无敌。他的战争机器扫除了欧洲绝大部分地区的抵抗。希特勒希望速战速决，但是，就像在他之前的拿破仑一样，他得到的是痛苦的教训。仍是俄罗斯的冬天助了苏维埃士兵一臂之力。

Unit3 Get the Job You Want 得到你想要的工作

When a recent college graduate came into my office not too long ago looking for a sales job, I asked him what he had done to prepare for the interview. He said he'd read something about us somewhere.

不久前一个新近毕业的大学生到我办公室谋求一份销售工作。我问他为这次面试做过哪些准备。他说他在什么地方看到过有关本公司的一些情况。

Had he called anyone at Mackay Envelope Corporation to find out more about us? No. Had he called our suppliers? Our customers? No.

他有没有给麦凯信封公司的人打过电话，好了解更多有关我们的情况？没打过。他有没有给我们的供应厂商打过电话？还有我们的客户？都没有。

Had he checked with his university to see if there were any graduates working at Mackay whom he could interview? Had he asked any friends to grill him in a mock interview? Did he go to the library to find newspaper clippings on us?

他可曾在就读的大学里查问过有没有校友在本公司就职，以便向他们了解一些情况?他可曾请朋友向他提问，对他进行模拟面试？可曾去图书馆查找过有关本公司的剪报？

Did he write a letter beforehand to tell us about himself, what he was doing to prepare for the interview and why he'd be right for the job? Was he planning to follow up the interview with another letter indicating his eagerness to join us? Would the letter be in our hands within 24 hours of the meeting, possibly even hand-delivered? 他事先有没有写封信来介绍自己，告诉我们自己为这次面试在做哪些准备，自己何以能胜任此项工作？面试之后他是否打算再写一封信，表明自己加盟本公司的诚意？这封信会不会在面试后的24小时之内送到我们手上，也许甚至是亲自送来？

The answer to every question was the same: no. That left me with only one other question: How well prepared would this person be if he were to call on a prospective customer for us? I already knew the answer.

他对上述每一个问题的回答全都一样：没有。这样我就只剩一个问题要问了：如果此人代表本公司去见可能成为我们客户的人，他准备工作会做得怎样？答案不言自明。

Unit5 A Friend in Need 患难之交

For thirty years now I have been studying my fellowmen. I do not know very much about them. I shrug my shoulders when people tell me that their first impressions of a person are always right. I think they must have small insight or great vanity. For my own part I find that the longer I know people the more they puzzle me.

三十年来，我一直研究我的人类同胞，但至今了解不多。每当有人跟我说他对一个人的第一次印象向来不错的时候，我就耸耸肩。我想这种人不是无知，就是自大。拿我自己来说，我发现，认识一个人的时间越长，我就越感到困惑。

These reflections have occurred to me because I read in this morning's paper that Edward Hyde Burton had died at Kobe. He was a merchant and he had been in business in Japan for many years. I knew him very little, but he interested me because once he gave me a great surprise. Unless I had heard the story from his own lips, I should never have believed that he was capable of such an action. It was more startling because both in appearance and manner he suggested a very definite type. Here if ever was a man all of a piece. He was a tiny little fellow, not much more than five feet four in height, and very slender, with white hair, a red face much wrinkled, and blue eyes. I suppose he was about sixty when I knew him. He was always neatly and quietly dressed in accordance with his age and station.

我产生这些想法，是因为我在今天早上的报纸上看到爱德华·海德·伯顿在神户去世

的消息。他是个商人，在日本经商多年。我跟他并不熟，但是对他挺有兴趣，因为有一次他让我大吃一惊。要不是听他亲口讲述这个故事，我根本不会相信他能做出这种事来。这件事之所以特别令人惊讶，是因为无论是外表还是风度，他都让人想到一种非常明确的类型。要说真有表里如一的人的话，那就是此公了。他个子很小，身高不过5英尺4英寸，身材纤细，白头发、蓝眼睛，红红的脸上布满皱纹。我估计自己认识他时，他大约有60岁光景。他向来衣着整洁素雅，合乎他的年龄和身份。

Though his offices were in Kobe, Burton often came down to Yokohama. I happened on one occasion to be spending a few days there, waiting for a ship, and I was introduced to him at the British Club. We played bridge together. He played a good game and a generous one. He did not talk very much, either then or later when we were having drinks, but what he said was sensible. He had a quiet, dry humor. He seemed to be popular at the club and afterwards, when he had gone, they described him as one of the best. It happened that we were both staying at the Grand Hotel and next day he asked me to dine with him. I met his wife, fat, elderly, and smiling, and his two daughters. It was evidently a united and affectionate family. I think the chief thing that struck me about Burton was his kindliness. There was something very pleasing in his mild blue eyes. His voice was gentle; you could not imagine that he could possibly raise it in anger; his smile was benign. Here was a man who attracted you because you felt in him a real love for his fellows. At the same time he liked his game of cards and his cocktail, he could tell with point a good and spicy story, and in his youth he had been something of an athlete. He was a rich man and he had made every penny himself. I suppose one thing that made you like him was that he was so small and frail; he aroused your instincts of protection. You felt that he could not bear to hurt a fly.

伯顿的办事处设在神户，但他常常到横滨来。有一次，我正好因为等船，要在那里呆几天，在英国俱乐部经人介绍与他相识。我们在一起玩桥牌。他打得不错，牌风也好。无论在玩牌的时候，还是在后来一起喝酒的时候，他的话都不多，但说的话却都合情合理。他挺幽默，但并不咋呼。他在俱乐部里似乎人缘不错，后来，在他走了以后，人家都说他是个顶呱呱的人。事有凑巧，我们俩都住在格兰德大酒店。第二天他请我吃饭。我见到了他的太太――一位肥肥胖胖、满面笑容的半老妇人――和他的两个女儿。这显然是和睦恩爱的一家人。我想，伯顿当时给我印象最深的主要还是他这个人和善。他那双温和的蓝眼睛有种令人愉快的神情。他说话的声音轻柔；你无法想象他会提高嗓门大发雷霆；他的笑容和蔼可亲。这个人吸引你，是因为你从他身上感到他对别人的真正的爱。同时他也喜欢玩牌，喝鸡尾酒，他能绘声绘色地讲个来劲儿的段子什么的，他年轻时多少还是个运动员呢。他是个阔佬，但他的每一个便士都是自己挣来的。我想，人们喜欢他还有一个原因，那就是他非常瘦小、脆弱，容易引起人们的恻隐之心。你觉得他甚至连只蚂蚁都不忍伤害。

2.汉译英 (10%)：5个独立的中文句子，全句翻译成英文，出自面授7个单元课后中的Comprehensive Exercises –II. Translation. 和两册书4个Test Yourself的VI.Translation（必考）。

1.我们的计算机系统出了毛病，但我觉得问题比较小。

We have a problem with the computer system, but I think it’s fairly minor.

2.父亲去逝的时候我还小，不能独立生活。就在那时，家乡的父老接过了教育我的责任。My father died when I was too young to live on my own. The people of my hometown took over (responsibility for) my upbringing at that point.

3.这些玩具必须得达到严格的安全要求后才可出售给儿童。

The toys have to meet strict/tough safety requirements before they can be sold to children.

4.作为新闻和舆论的载体，广播和电视补充了而不是替代了报纸。

Radio and television have supplemented rather than replaced the newspaper as carriers of news and opinion.

5.至于这本杂志，它刊载了世界各地许多报纸杂志上文章的摘要。

When it comes to this magazine, it is/carries a digest of articles from many newspapers and magazines around the world.

1.无论是在城市还是农村，因特网正在改变人们的生活方式。

The Internet is changing the way people live, whether they are in urban or rural areas.

2.和大公司相比，中小公司更容易受到金融危机的威胁。

Medium-sized and small companies are more vulnerable to the threat of the global economic crisis than large ones.

3.关于期末论文，教授要求我们先分析失业图表，然然后对过家的经济发展提供批评性的见解。

With regard to our term paper, the professor asked us to analyze the unemployment chart first, and then provide critical reflections on the nations economic development.

4.他从来也没有想到他们队会大比分赢得那场篮球赛。

It never occurred to him that their team would win the basketball match by a large margin.

5.回顾二十年得中学教学，我把我的成功归结为耐心、才能和对知识的不断追求。Looking back on my twenty years' teaching in high school, I attribute my success to patience, tale nt, and the constant pursuit of knowledge.

1.奶奶想当然地认为粮价要涨，所以买了许多大米

Grandma took it for granted that food prices would soar, so she bought a lot of rice.

2.我可以给你引用几个例子来说明她献身科学的精神

I can quote you several instances of her dedication to science.

3.20世纪80年代中国一些经济特区开始迅速发展起来

The 1980s saw the start of the swift development of some special economic zones in China.

4.两国关系的紧张部分是由最近的间谍事件引起的

Tension between the two countries stemmed in part from the latest spy affair.

5.彼得已在一家律师事务所当了多年律师。你可以考虑请他做你的律师，当你需要法律援助时，由他代你行事

Peter has worked in a law firm for many years. You can consider having him as your lawyer to act on your behalf when you need legal help.

1.这座红房子在参天古树的映衬下十分夺目

The red house stands out against the old trees that reach high up to the sky.

2.我的新工作薪酬很高，但是其他方面我并不满意

The salary in my new job is great, but for the rest, I’m not satisfied.

3.两条溪流的水在我们村子附近汇合了

The waters of the two streams mingle near our village.

4.我们不应该嘲笑别人的宗教信仰

We should not mock at other people’s religious beliefs.

5.这件房间的窗帘同家具的风格不太协调

The curtains of the room are not quite in tune with the style of the furniture.

1. 多尔蒂先生和他的家人目前正在农场忙于秋收。

Mr. Doherty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumn harvest in on the farm.

2. 我们不能低估敌人，他们装备了最先进的武器。

We must not underestimate the enemy. They are equipped with the most sophisticated weapons. 3 . 菲尔已三个月没有找到工作了，正变得越来越绝望。

Having been cut of a job/Not having had a job for 3months, Phil is getting increasingly desperate.

4. 作为项目经理，山姆办事果断，工作效率高，且判断准确。

Sam, as the project manager, is decisive, efficient, and accurate in his judgment.

5. 既然已证实这家化工厂是污染源，村委会决定将其关闭，为此损失了一百个工作岗位。 Since the chemical plant was identified as the source of solution, the village neighborhood commi ttee decided to close it down at the cost of 100 jobs.

1. 尽管在此次紧急迫降中，飞机跑道不够长，但经验老到的飞行员还是让飞机滑行了很短一段时间后就停了下来。

Despite the inadequate length of the airstrip in this emergency landing, the veteran pilot managed to stop the plane after taxiing for only a short while.

2. 在记者反复追问下，该影星终于说漏了嘴，承认自己做过两次整容手术。

Grilled by the reporters, the movie star eventually blurted (out) that she had undergone two plastic surgeries.

3. 我们有技术，我们的合伙人有资金。一起干，我们就掌握了未来。

We have the technology and our partner has the capital.

Working together, we’ll have the future in our hands.

4.要是我事先知道你会带这么多朋友回家，我会好好准备的。你看，我现有的食品和饮料连小吃一顿都不大够。

If I had known beforehand that you would bring so many friends home, I would have made better preparations. You see, I have barely enough food and drinks for a snack.

5. 当人们得知地震灾区将要建造结构更牢固的新校舍时，纷纷慷慨解囊。

People gave generously upon learning that new school rooms with stronger structures were to be built in the earthquake-stricken area.

1. 我的直觉是亨利会设法参加这次探险，因为他有一点冒险家的气质。

I have an instinct that Henry will seek to join the expedition, because he is something of an advent urer.

2. 即使置身于一个嘈杂的环境中，他也能坚持做手头的工作。

He is capable of sticking to the task at hand, even if he is exposed to noises.

3. 这个商标是依据迄今有效的法律注册的。

The trademark was registered in accordance with the laws hitherto in force.

4. 奇怪的是，许多人资源帮助组织会议，但是只有少数几人到场。

Oddly enough, many people volunteered to help organize the meeting, but only a few turned up.

5. 老师那充满关爱的话语，以及坦诚的评价改变了迈克对于社会和他自己的看法。

The teacher’s affectionate words, along with his candid comments, changed the way Mike perceived the society and himself.

If you can resist the temptation to buy before you fly (抵制在起飞前购物的诱惑) , you’ll find prices are often much cheaper when you’re abroad.

Tom disguised himself so well that he could pass for a tramp (伪装得如此之好，他可以冒充一个流浪者) who would knock on the back door, begging for food or offering to do a job for a few bucks.

―It won’t take long,‖ he persisted without so much as a hint of apology (连一点歉意都没有).

I’m sorry if I put it bluntly, but you’ll never get anywhere in business(你在生意上永远也不会有什么作为) by sticking your head in the sand.

It was in the middle of May, and the small village was bathed in the warm light of the rising sun (沐浴在初升太阳的温暖的阳光之中).

Even in the more affluent homes, labor saving devices we take for granted today(我们今天视为理所当然的节省劳力的机器设备) either didn’t exist or were an expensive luxury.

Have a glass of red wine with your meal—it is only drinking to excess that leads to problems (只是过量饮酒才会导致问题) , including loss of appetite and liver damage.

Delayed treatment of the disease may leave the patient crippled for life (有可能使病人终身残废).

Many concerns about human cloning results from misconceptions of this new technology (起因于对这一新技术的误解).

I am against capital punishment but I would feel like killing the person who harmed my wife and children (我很想杀了伤害我妻子和孩子的人).

1978年底召开的中国共产党第十一届中央委员会第三次全体会议是新中国历史上具有深远意义的一个伟大的转折点。从此，中国实行改革和对外开放的政策，努力改革其经济和政治制度。中国在2001年加入了世界贸易组织，这意味着中国与全球经济的结合进一步加深。全球化使中国确实受益匪浅，但中国在其工业化进程中也蒙受不少损失。例如，环境的污染。

The Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party held at the end of 1978 was a great turning point of profound significance in the history of New China. Since then, China has pursued a policy of reform and opening up to the outside world, making major efforts to reform its economic and political systems. In 2001, China joined the World Trade Organization(WTO), which has meant China’s deeper integration into the global economy. True, China has benefited hugely from it. Yet, China has suffered a lot in the process of its industrialization. Environmental pollution is an example.

长城在中文被称为“万里长城”。事实上，它的长度超过6000公里。它自西向东蜿蜒，穿过沙漠，越过高山，跨过山谷，最后到达上海。无论在中国还是世界其他地方，我们很少看到这样一个巨大的工程。作为世界奇观之一，长城一直是一个令旅游者神往的地方。

长城的建造当时主要是为了保护中国不受北方入侵者来犯。据一些宇航员说，中国的长城可能是从宇宙看去人类创造的最突出的工程。

The Great Wall is called the ―The Long Wall of Ten Thousand Li‖ in Chinese. In fact, it’s more than 6000 kilometers long. It winds its way from west to east, across deserts, over mountains, through valleys till at last it reaches the sea. Either in China or elsewhere around the world, we seldom see this kind of a gigantic undertaking. As one of the world’s wonders, it has always been a great tourist attraction.

The Great Wall was built mainly to protect China from northern invaders. According to some astronauts, of all projects created by men, the Great Wall of China may be the most conspicuous seen from space.